Abstract The purpose of the study is to identify the use of qualitative and quantitative morphological traits to ascertain genetic affinity and identification of sunflower lines. A collection of 39 sunflower lines was studied according to morphological qualitative traits described in the method of establishing differences, homogeneity, stability and quantitative traits (plant organ size, 1000 seeds weight, oil content). Several lines of unknown origin were identified to each other. The material of the collection of lines proved the possibility of clustering by the method of link analysis on a set of morphological features. Generalized data show that only three lines out of 39 do not correspond to known lineages in their clusters, which is 92% of the correct cluster definition. The results of clustering, identification and breeding records were compared. To be consistent with the breeding records classification, the number of distinguished traits that are not similar must exceed 20 names given to the score.
{"title":"Genetic affinity of sunflower lines and cluster analysis by morphological traits","authors":"K. Vedmedeva","doi":"10.1515/helia-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of the study is to identify the use of qualitative and quantitative morphological traits to ascertain genetic affinity and identification of sunflower lines. A collection of 39 sunflower lines was studied according to morphological qualitative traits described in the method of establishing differences, homogeneity, stability and quantitative traits (plant organ size, 1000 seeds weight, oil content). Several lines of unknown origin were identified to each other. The material of the collection of lines proved the possibility of clustering by the method of link analysis on a set of morphological features. Generalized data show that only three lines out of 39 do not correspond to known lineages in their clusters, which is 92% of the correct cluster definition. The results of clustering, identification and breeding records were compared. To be consistent with the breeding records classification, the number of distinguished traits that are not similar must exceed 20 names given to the score.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"113 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2020-0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48975513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Delgado, F. Castaño, M. G. Cendoya, M. T. Salaberry, F. Quiróz
Abstract Sunflower is usually affected by white rot (WR), a disease produced by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Thus, breeders select WR resistant hybrids by means of field experiments replicated in different environments. The WR selection will be effective when the correlation between the phenotype and the set of genes controlling the trait is high. This study aimed to estimate the relationship between the genotype and phenotype for components of WR partial resistance in hybrids. Also, the genotypic merit of these hybrids is estimated to determine their value in breeding programs. To this end, 37 cultivars were used during three years in Balcarce (southeast of Buenos Aires Province, AR). Plants were inoculated with S. sclerotiorum in their capitula. The WR variables evaluated were the relative incubation period (RIP), the daily lesion growth (DLG) and the relative DLG. By using transformed data, the degree of genetic determination (DGD) reached values of 0.78 (RIP), 0.63 (relative DLG) and 0.35 (DLG). Although all error variances and their relative contributions to the total variance had the highest values, the DGD values for RIP and relative DLG were higher than those reported in the bibliography. The best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) detected six hybrids with most suitable genetic merit for RIP and relative DLG. The BLUP correlation coefficient suggested that resistance genes involved in RIP and relative DLG were not the same. Thus, these genes could be used simultaneously to develop new sunflower hybrids with more complex WR resistance.
{"title":"Analysis of genetic determination of partial resistance to white rot in sunflower","authors":"S. Delgado, F. Castaño, M. G. Cendoya, M. T. Salaberry, F. Quiróz","doi":"10.1515/helia-2020-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2020-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sunflower is usually affected by white rot (WR), a disease produced by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Thus, breeders select WR resistant hybrids by means of field experiments replicated in different environments. The WR selection will be effective when the correlation between the phenotype and the set of genes controlling the trait is high. This study aimed to estimate the relationship between the genotype and phenotype for components of WR partial resistance in hybrids. Also, the genotypic merit of these hybrids is estimated to determine their value in breeding programs. To this end, 37 cultivars were used during three years in Balcarce (southeast of Buenos Aires Province, AR). Plants were inoculated with S. sclerotiorum in their capitula. The WR variables evaluated were the relative incubation period (RIP), the daily lesion growth (DLG) and the relative DLG. By using transformed data, the degree of genetic determination (DGD) reached values of 0.78 (RIP), 0.63 (relative DLG) and 0.35 (DLG). Although all error variances and their relative contributions to the total variance had the highest values, the DGD values for RIP and relative DLG were higher than those reported in the bibliography. The best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) detected six hybrids with most suitable genetic merit for RIP and relative DLG. The BLUP correlation coefficient suggested that resistance genes involved in RIP and relative DLG were not the same. Thus, these genes could be used simultaneously to develop new sunflower hybrids with more complex WR resistance.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2020-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49020049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Andriienko, K. Vasylkovska, Andrii Andriienko, O. Vasylkovskyi, M. Mostipan, L. Salo
Abstract Field studies conducted in 2018–2019 in the northern Steppe of Ukraine with sunflower hybrids of different maturity groups (LG 50300, LG 5580, LG 5478, LG 5638, LG 5662) showed that the crop density of early-crop hybrid LG 50300 from 55,000 plants/hectare to 70,000 plants/hectare led to a decrease in productivity by 0.11 t ha−1 and a decrease in oil content by 0.9%. The density of middle-early hybrid LG 5580 resulted in a decrease in sowing productivity of 0.21 t ha−1, while oil content remained nearly the same. Another middle-early hybrid LG 5478 showed slight variations in productivity and oil content with an increase of crop density. The study of the mid-season hybrid LG 5038 showed a decrease in sowing productivity by 0.2 t ha−1 with the density up to 70,000 plants/hectare. Mid-season hybrid LG 5662 with density of 70,000 plants/hectare showed productivity increase by 0.14 t ha−1.
2018-2019年在乌克兰北部草原用不同成熟度组合(LG 50300、LG 5580、LG 5478、LG 5638、LG 5662)的向日葵杂交种LG 50300进行田间试验，结果表明，早期杂交种LG 50300的密度从5.5万株/公顷降低到7万株/公顷，导致产量下降0.11 tha - 1，含油量下降0.9%。中早杂交种LG 5580的密度导致播种产量下降0.21 t ha - 1，而含油量基本保持不变。另一个中早杂交种LG 5478的产量和含油量随密度的增加而略有变化。研究表明，在播种密度达到7万株/公顷时，播种产量下降0.2 t ha - 1。密度为7万株/公顷的中季杂交种LG 5662的产量提高了0.14 t ha - 1。
{"title":"Response of sunflower hybrids to crop density in the steppe of Ukraine","authors":"O. Andriienko, K. Vasylkovska, Andrii Andriienko, O. Vasylkovskyi, M. Mostipan, L. Salo","doi":"10.1515/helia-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Field studies conducted in 2018–2019 in the northern Steppe of Ukraine with sunflower hybrids of different maturity groups (LG 50300, LG 5580, LG 5478, LG 5638, LG 5662) showed that the crop density of early-crop hybrid LG 50300 from 55,000 plants/hectare to 70,000 plants/hectare led to a decrease in productivity by 0.11 t ha−1 and a decrease in oil content by 0.9%. The density of middle-early hybrid LG 5580 resulted in a decrease in sowing productivity of 0.21 t ha−1, while oil content remained nearly the same. Another middle-early hybrid LG 5478 showed slight variations in productivity and oil content with an increase of crop density. The study of the mid-season hybrid LG 5038 showed a decrease in sowing productivity by 0.2 t ha−1 with the density up to 70,000 plants/hectare. Mid-season hybrid LG 5662 with density of 70,000 plants/hectare showed productivity increase by 0.14 t ha−1.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"99 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2020-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43436489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ghaffari, S. A. Andarkhor, Malihe Homayonifar, Seyed Ahmad Kalantar Ahmadi, F. Shariati, H. Jamali, S. Rahmanpour
Abstract In order to identifying of high yielding compatible sunflower hybrids for different regions of Iran, a set of 10 exotic hybrids from Serbia, Turkey, and Italy and four Iranian hybrids were evaluated for agronomic traits; days to flowering and maturity, plant height, head and stem diameter, 1000-achenes weight, achene number per head, oil content and achene, and oil yield. The experiments were conducted as completely randomized block design with four replications in Alborz, Mazandaran, Khuzestan, and West Azerbaijan Provinces for two years (2017–2018). According to the results growing period of the hybrids were variable from 86 days for Dukat to 98 days for Fantaziya. The hybrids Slatki and Dukat had the highest (70 g) and lowest (56 g) 1000-achenes weight. The highest oil content was observed in 08TR003 (45.6%). Among the locations, Miandoab had the highest achene yield (3110 kg/ha). In Sari; the hybrids Barzegar, Fantaziya, and Slatki (3080, 2893, and 2853 kg/ha respectively), In Dezful; Barzegar, Cartago, and Oscar (3234, 3409, and 3226 kg/ha respectively), in Karaj; Oscar, Shams, and Fantaziya (3138, 3081, and 3050 kg/ha respectively), and in Miandob Shams, Fantaziya, and Slatki (4093, 4038, and 3895 kg/ha respectively) had the highest achene yield. Considering overall mean Fantaziya, Shams, and Oskar had the highest achene yield (3286, 3145, and 3087 kg/ha respectively), as well as Fantaziya followed by Barzegar and Shams had the highest oil yield (1396, 1335, and 1330 kg/ha respectively). Considering phenotypic variability among the exotic hybrids Fantaziya, Oskar, Slatki, Novak, 08TR003, and Meteor with lower coefficient of variation and higher achene yield considered as the stable higher yielding hybrids in four test locations of Iran. Through identifying high-yielding and compatible hybrids, the results of this study can assists in increasing of sunflower yield and production in Iran.
{"title":"Agronomic attributes and stability of exotic sunflower hybrids in Iran","authors":"M. Ghaffari, S. A. Andarkhor, Malihe Homayonifar, Seyed Ahmad Kalantar Ahmadi, F. Shariati, H. Jamali, S. Rahmanpour","doi":"10.1515/helia-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to identifying of high yielding compatible sunflower hybrids for different regions of Iran, a set of 10 exotic hybrids from Serbia, Turkey, and Italy and four Iranian hybrids were evaluated for agronomic traits; days to flowering and maturity, plant height, head and stem diameter, 1000-achenes weight, achene number per head, oil content and achene, and oil yield. The experiments were conducted as completely randomized block design with four replications in Alborz, Mazandaran, Khuzestan, and West Azerbaijan Provinces for two years (2017–2018). According to the results growing period of the hybrids were variable from 86 days for Dukat to 98 days for Fantaziya. The hybrids Slatki and Dukat had the highest (70 g) and lowest (56 g) 1000-achenes weight. The highest oil content was observed in 08TR003 (45.6%). Among the locations, Miandoab had the highest achene yield (3110 kg/ha). In Sari; the hybrids Barzegar, Fantaziya, and Slatki (3080, 2893, and 2853 kg/ha respectively), In Dezful; Barzegar, Cartago, and Oscar (3234, 3409, and 3226 kg/ha respectively), in Karaj; Oscar, Shams, and Fantaziya (3138, 3081, and 3050 kg/ha respectively), and in Miandob Shams, Fantaziya, and Slatki (4093, 4038, and 3895 kg/ha respectively) had the highest achene yield. Considering overall mean Fantaziya, Shams, and Oskar had the highest achene yield (3286, 3145, and 3087 kg/ha respectively), as well as Fantaziya followed by Barzegar and Shams had the highest oil yield (1396, 1335, and 1330 kg/ha respectively). Considering phenotypic variability among the exotic hybrids Fantaziya, Oskar, Slatki, Novak, 08TR003, and Meteor with lower coefficient of variation and higher achene yield considered as the stable higher yielding hybrids in four test locations of Iran. Through identifying high-yielding and compatible hybrids, the results of this study can assists in increasing of sunflower yield and production in Iran.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"67 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2020-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44024134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Carduus acanthoides L (spiny plumeless thistle) a biannual wild species with 2n = 22 chromosomes was crossed with Helianthus annuus L. When crossing, pollen from C. acanthoides germinated and pollinated the stigmas of sunflower lines HA 89A after 48 h. The crossability rate was low, but seeds and hybrid plants were obtained. The F1 plants strongly resembled the cultivated sunflower with the most important bio-morphological characters, even though they had an intermediate type of heritability. The hybrid nature was confirmed by RAPD markers. The polymorphism between H. annuus, C. acanthoides, and their F1 hybrids was studied using RAPD. The result showed introgression of C. acanthoides in the hybrid progeny. It was established that the wild species carried Rf genes for the CMS PET-1. After self-pollination and sib-pollination of the F1 plants and back-crossing with cultivated sunflower, F2, BC1 and next generation hybrid progenies were obtained. The investigation encompassed the period 2000–2007 and 2014–2018. Some of the new lines have been included in a heterosis breeding program for developing hybrids for the sunflower market.
{"title":"Intergeneric hybidization of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) with spiny plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides L.)","authors":"M. Hristova-Cherbadzhi","doi":"10.1515/helia-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Carduus acanthoides L (spiny plumeless thistle) a biannual wild species with 2n = 22 chromosomes was crossed with Helianthus annuus L. When crossing, pollen from C. acanthoides germinated and pollinated the stigmas of sunflower lines HA 89A after 48 h. The crossability rate was low, but seeds and hybrid plants were obtained. The F1 plants strongly resembled the cultivated sunflower with the most important bio-morphological characters, even though they had an intermediate type of heritability. The hybrid nature was confirmed by RAPD markers. The polymorphism between H. annuus, C. acanthoides, and their F1 hybrids was studied using RAPD. The result showed introgression of C. acanthoides in the hybrid progeny. It was established that the wild species carried Rf genes for the CMS PET-1. After self-pollination and sib-pollination of the F1 plants and back-crossing with cultivated sunflower, F2, BC1 and next generation hybrid progenies were obtained. The investigation encompassed the period 2000–2007 and 2014–2018. Some of the new lines have been included in a heterosis breeding program for developing hybrids for the sunflower market.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"83 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2020-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49139318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Simultaneously identify superior performing in terms of seed yield and seed oil content and broad adaptation across a wide range of different environments is an important target for sunflower breeder. So, 10 sunflower genotypes were evaluated across the eight various environments created by sowing at four locations i. e. Kafr El Hamam/ Sharkia, Shandaweel /Sohag, Tag El Ezz/ Dakahlia and Al Arish/ North Sinai Agricultural Research Stations, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt during the two successive summer seasons 2018 and 2019 using randomized complete block designs with four replications in each environment. Results showed that mean squares due to environments, genotypes and their interaction were highly significant for seed yield and seed oil content. Most stability approaches revealed that high performing stable genotypes were L240 for seed yield and Sakha 53, L110 and L235 for seed oil content under divergent environments. Hence, these four stable sunflower genotypes could be behaved as good breeding materials stock for sunflower improvement.
摘要同时确定在种子产量和含油量方面的优异表现以及在各种不同环境中的广泛适应是向日葵育种家的重要目标。因此，在Kafr El Hamam/Sharkia、Shandaweel/Sohag、Tag El Ezz/Dakahlia和Al Arish/North Sinai农业研究站、农业研究中心，埃及在2018年和2019年连续两个夏季使用随机完全区组设计，在每个环境中进行四次复制。结果表明，环境、基因型及其相互作用的均方对种子产量和含油量具有高度显著性。大多数稳定性方法表明，在不同的环境下，高产稳定基因型的种子产量为L240，种子含油量为Sakha 53、L110和L235。因此，这四个稳定的向日葵基因型可以作为向日葵改良的优良育种材料。
{"title":"Stability some sunflower genotypes across divergent environments","authors":"M. Abdelsatar, T. H. Hassan, Mahrous Attia","doi":"10.1515/helia-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Simultaneously identify superior performing in terms of seed yield and seed oil content and broad adaptation across a wide range of different environments is an important target for sunflower breeder. So, 10 sunflower genotypes were evaluated across the eight various environments created by sowing at four locations i. e. Kafr El Hamam/ Sharkia, Shandaweel /Sohag, Tag El Ezz/ Dakahlia and Al Arish/ North Sinai Agricultural Research Stations, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt during the two successive summer seasons 2018 and 2019 using randomized complete block designs with four replications in each environment. Results showed that mean squares due to environments, genotypes and their interaction were highly significant for seed yield and seed oil content. Most stability approaches revealed that high performing stable genotypes were L240 for seed yield and Sakha 53, L110 and L235 for seed oil content under divergent environments. Hence, these four stable sunflower genotypes could be behaved as good breeding materials stock for sunflower improvement.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"33 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2020-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47766155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The development of automated precision technologies for the phenotyping test of seeds by a complex of functional features in the selection process of sunflower is relevant and promising. The task of developing a device for the automatic phenotyping test of seeds and the algorithm for finding and isolating seeds based on color information was set. Research was conducted on a stand, which consisted of the following elements: Video Microscope Camera 1080 P 16MP HDMI USB manufactured by Eakins, a set of LEDs of three types (red, green, blue) and a personal computer. The results of experimental studies of the process of automatic phenotyping test of seeds of different sunflower varieties allowed us to establish an average error of determining the geometric dimensions of sunflower seeds (length L and width B) – 0.06 mm. The histograms of the color distribution of sunflower seeds in the RGB color space with different illumination are established. As a result of the analysis of the obtained histograms of the color distribution of sunflower seeds in the RGB color space it is established that in the case of color homogeneity, the discreteness of the channels with red illumination is most clearly seen. A device for automatic phenotyping test of seeds has been developed, which preserves the accuracy of individual measurement of the geometric dimensions of sunflower seeds, determining their shape and color, which corresponds to modern measuring tools, and provides low complexity and high technological implementation of the phenotyping test procedure (determination, ascertaining and identification) material, according to its morphological and marker features.
{"title":"Automatic Phenotyping Test of Sunflower Seeds","authors":"E. Aliiev","doi":"10.1515/helia-2019-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2019-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development of automated precision technologies for the phenotyping test of seeds by a complex of functional features in the selection process of sunflower is relevant and promising. The task of developing a device for the automatic phenotyping test of seeds and the algorithm for finding and isolating seeds based on color information was set. Research was conducted on a stand, which consisted of the following elements: Video Microscope Camera 1080 P 16MP HDMI USB manufactured by Eakins, a set of LEDs of three types (red, green, blue) and a personal computer. The results of experimental studies of the process of automatic phenotyping test of seeds of different sunflower varieties allowed us to establish an average error of determining the geometric dimensions of sunflower seeds (length L and width B) – 0.06 mm. The histograms of the color distribution of sunflower seeds in the RGB color space with different illumination are established. As a result of the analysis of the obtained histograms of the color distribution of sunflower seeds in the RGB color space it is established that in the case of color homogeneity, the discreteness of the channels with red illumination is most clearly seen. A device for automatic phenotyping test of seeds has been developed, which preserves the accuracy of individual measurement of the geometric dimensions of sunflower seeds, determining their shape and color, which corresponds to modern measuring tools, and provides low complexity and high technological implementation of the phenotyping test procedure (determination, ascertaining and identification) material, according to its morphological and marker features.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"51 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2019-0019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43006793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Helianthus annuus subsp. annuus and H. petiolaris are wild North American species that have been naturalized in central Argentina. They have a sporophytic self-incompatibility genetic system that prevent self-fertilization but the occurrence of self-compatible plants in Argentina was observed in both species and could in part explain their highly invasive ability. Their geographical distribution coincides with the major crop area. The domestic sunflower is self-compatible, can hybridize with both species and presents a considerable amount of gene flow. The aim of this study is to understand the self-incompatibility mechanism in both wild Helianthus species. Reciprocal crossing and seed production were used to identify self-compatible genotypes, the number and distribution of self-incompatibility alleles within populations and the type and extent of allelic interactions in the pollen and pistil. The behaviour of S alleles within each population was explained by five functional S alleles and one non-functional allele in each species, differing in their presence and frequency within accessions. In both species, the allelic interactions were of dominance/recessiveness and codominance in pollen, whereas it was only codominance in the pistil. Inbreeding effects in wild materials appeared in the third generation of self-pollination, with lethal effects in most plants. The number of S alleles is low and they behave in a similar way of other Asteraceae species. The self-compatibility was addressed to non-functional S alleles introgressed in wild Helianthus plants through gene flow from self-compatible sunflower.
{"title":"Assessment of Mating System in Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris (Asteraceae) Populations","authors":"A. Gutierrez, Daiana Scaccia Baffigi, M. Poverene","doi":"10.1515/helia-2019-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2019-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Helianthus annuus subsp. annuus and H. petiolaris are wild North American species that have been naturalized in central Argentina. They have a sporophytic self-incompatibility genetic system that prevent self-fertilization but the occurrence of self-compatible plants in Argentina was observed in both species and could in part explain their highly invasive ability. Their geographical distribution coincides with the major crop area. The domestic sunflower is self-compatible, can hybridize with both species and presents a considerable amount of gene flow. The aim of this study is to understand the self-incompatibility mechanism in both wild Helianthus species. Reciprocal crossing and seed production were used to identify self-compatible genotypes, the number and distribution of self-incompatibility alleles within populations and the type and extent of allelic interactions in the pollen and pistil. The behaviour of S alleles within each population was explained by five functional S alleles and one non-functional allele in each species, differing in their presence and frequency within accessions. In both species, the allelic interactions were of dominance/recessiveness and codominance in pollen, whereas it was only codominance in the pistil. Inbreeding effects in wild materials appeared in the third generation of self-pollination, with lethal effects in most plants. The number of S alleles is low and they behave in a similar way of other Asteraceae species. The self-compatibility was addressed to non-functional S alleles introgressed in wild Helianthus plants through gene flow from self-compatible sunflower.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"43 1","pages":"15 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2019-0016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42190042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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