Handheld Raman spectrometers are commonly used as fast detectors for preliminary noncontact analysis of a number of chemicals. The article deals with their possible use for military identification of chemical warfare agents and their precursors. Spectra of 29 chemical substances were recorded. Based on the similarity of the spectra in the library, the device was able to automatically detect 20 substances in all measurement methods, 1 substance only in the most transparent containers. By means of external software and the creation of a user’s library, the vibrations of functional groups in the respective molecules were assigned to the individual Raman bands, thereby creating a database that enables the identification of toxic substances.
{"title":"Use of a Handheld Raman Spectrometer for Identification of Toxic Agents in Clandestine Laboratories","authors":"T. Rozsypal, Nikola Greplová","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01809","url":null,"abstract":"Handheld Raman spectrometers are commonly used as fast detectors for preliminary noncontact analysis of a number of chemicals. The article deals with their possible use for military identification of chemical warfare agents and their precursors. Spectra of 29 chemical substances were recorded. Based on the similarity of the spectra in the library, the device was able to automatically detect 20 substances in all measurement methods, 1 substance only in the most transparent containers. By means of external software and the creation of a user’s library, the vibrations of functional groups in the respective molecules were assigned to the individual Raman bands, thereby creating a database that enables the identification of toxic substances.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48228598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Zahorka, Serhii Polishchuk Vasyliovych Polishchuk, I. Zahorka
Air and sea-based cruise missiles are the most dangerous means of air attack. Local air defense is organized to protect assets from these strikes. This takes into account the possible directions of cruise missiles strikes and the effectiveness of assets protection. The effectiveness of assets protection from cruise missiles strikes is assessed by the probability of their preservation, which is determined using the developed methodology based on a simulation model of air defense. The method allows taking into con-sideration the impact of the peculiarities of the cruise missiles usage and the peculiarities of the air defense functioning on the effectiveness of assets protection, in repelling cruise missiles strikes. The application of the method is shown in an example.
{"title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of Assets Protection by Air Defense Means from Cruise Missiles Strikes","authors":"O. Zahorka, Serhii Polishchuk Vasyliovych Polishchuk, I. Zahorka","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01797","url":null,"abstract":"Air and sea-based cruise missiles are the most dangerous means of air attack. Local air defense is organized to protect assets from these strikes. This takes into account the possible directions of cruise missiles strikes and the effectiveness of assets protection. The effectiveness of assets protection from cruise missiles strikes is assessed by the probability of their preservation, which is determined using the developed methodology based on a simulation model of air defense. The method allows taking into con-sideration the impact of the peculiarities of the cruise missiles usage and the peculiarities of the air defense functioning on the effectiveness of assets protection, in repelling cruise missiles strikes. The application of the method is shown in an example.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45179508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a deep learning approach to detect malicious communication in a computer network. The intercepted communication is transformed into behavioral feature vectors that are reduced (using principal component analysis and stepwise selection methods) and normalized to create training and test sets. A feed-forward artificial neural network is then used as a classifier to determine the type of malicious communication. Three training algorithms were used to train the neural network: the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, Bayesian regularization, and the scaled conjugate gradient backpropagation algorithm. The proposed artificial neural network topology after reducing the size of the training and test sets achieves a correct classification probability of 81.5 % for each type of malicious communication and of 99.6 % (and better) for normal communication.
{"title":"Detection of Malicious Network Activity by Artificial Neural Network","authors":"M. Turcanik, J. Baráth","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01794","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a deep learning approach to detect malicious communication in a computer network. The intercepted communication is transformed into behavioral feature vectors that are reduced (using principal component analysis and stepwise selection methods) and normalized to create training and test sets. A feed-forward artificial neural network is then used as a classifier to determine the type of malicious communication. Three training algorithms were used to train the neural network: the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, Bayesian regularization, and the scaled conjugate gradient backpropagation algorithm. The proposed artificial neural network topology after reducing the size of the training and test sets achieves a correct classification probability of 81.5 % for each type of malicious communication and of 99.6 % (and better) for normal communication.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49463403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michal Bastl, Tomás Spácil, Jan Najman, M. Celik, Oguz Kaan Hancioglu, R. Grepl
The article presents an improved satellite tracking approach using the extended Kalman filter within the control systems of the moving antenna. The main focus is on the issue of maintaining the maximum signal strength during vehicle movement, gyroscope and GPS sensors error and the deterioration of reception due to changing conditions (weather, obstacles). Typically used techniques are based on ad-hoc scanning of the maximum value of the RF signal. The approach presented in this article might be used as a much more consistent and elegant alternative to these algorithms. To prove the function of the presented algorithm, simulations of several different scenarios are performed. Based on these simulations, the robustness and speed of the newly designed algorithm are evaluated.
{"title":"Estimation of Maximum Signal Strength for Satellite Tracking Based on the Extended Kalman Filter","authors":"Michal Bastl, Tomás Spácil, Jan Najman, M. Celik, Oguz Kaan Hancioglu, R. Grepl","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01725","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an improved satellite tracking approach using the extended Kalman filter within the control systems of the moving antenna. The main focus is on the issue of maintaining the maximum signal strength during vehicle movement, gyroscope and GPS sensors error and the deterioration of reception due to changing conditions (weather, obstacles). Typically used techniques are based on ad-hoc scanning of the maximum value of the RF signal. The approach presented in this article might be used as a much more consistent and elegant alternative to these algorithms. To prove the function of the presented algorithm, simulations of several different scenarios are performed. Based on these simulations, the robustness and speed of the newly designed algorithm are evaluated.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41633576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobility of military vehicles is a key element of military transport and it guarantees safety of the logistic system of the Armed Forces. The aim of this article is to compare medium-load and high-mobility means of transport belonging to the Polish Armed Forces and to identify the vehicle with the best parameters. The Analytic Hierarchy Process method was used for this, and this paper approximates its assumptions and process. Seven vehicles currently in use by the Polish Armed Forces were compared. As a result of the analysis, a hierarchy of the studied vehicles was established, ranking them from the highest to the lowest rated. The paper allows to assess whether the currently purchased Jelcz 442.32 is a good choice in the procuring policy of the Polish army.
{"title":"Rating of the mobility of Military Logistic Vehicles Used in the Polish Armed Forces","authors":"Grzegorz Wiejak, M. Grzelak, R. Mroczek","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01788","url":null,"abstract":"Mobility of military vehicles is a key element of military transport and it guarantees safety of the logistic system of the Armed Forces. The aim of this article is to compare medium-load and high-mobility means of transport belonging to the Polish Armed Forces and to identify the vehicle with the best parameters. The Analytic Hierarchy Process method was used for this, and this paper approximates its assumptions and process. Seven vehicles currently in use by the Polish Armed Forces were compared. As a result of the analysis, a hierarchy of the studied vehicles was established, ranking them from the highest to the lowest rated. The paper allows to assess whether the currently purchased Jelcz 442.32 is a good choice in the procuring policy of the Polish army.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47663718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ota Rolenec, Jaroslav Záleský, K. Silinger, Lucie Hampelová
The command post is a key element of the troop assembly that must be concealed and protected from the enemy. This paper examines the possible increase in survivability of a battalion command post from the effects of enemy artillery fire by deception prior to electronic signature detection by extending the antenna of radio communication assets. Using modelling, the areas of possible command post locations, the exact command post positions and the areas of artillery fire were marked in a geoprocessing tool. Statistical methods were then used to evaluate the success rate of command post destruction. Since there are no documents available that address this issue, the results of this research will allow an assessment of the effectiveness of this measure.
{"title":"Increasing Survivability of the Battalion Command Post against Artillery Fire Using Antenna Extension","authors":"Ota Rolenec, Jaroslav Záleský, K. Silinger, Lucie Hampelová","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01731","url":null,"abstract":"The command post is a key element of the troop assembly that must be concealed and protected from the enemy. This paper examines the possible increase in survivability of a battalion command post from the effects of enemy artillery fire by deception prior to electronic signature detection by extending the antenna of radio communication assets. Using modelling, the areas of possible command post locations, the exact command post positions and the areas of artillery fire were marked in a geoprocessing tool. Statistical methods were then used to evaluate the success rate of command post destruction. Since there are no documents available that address this issue, the results of this research will allow an assessment of the effectiveness of this measure.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44591368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A design methodology is proposed to implement an impedance-matching network in a high-power underwater acoustic transmitting system to minimize power loss through long cables. For this, a Lumped-parameter electrical equivalent circuit model has been developed to analyze the transmitting system along with various couplers and de-couplers introduced for simultaneous transmission of data and DC power along with high-power AC. The effects of these couplers on the end performance of the system have been studied and compensated for by suitably modifying the impedance matching lines (ML). The appropriate impedance matching lines significantly enhance the power by about 300 watts and improve the power factor to 100 %.
{"title":"Impedance Matching Network of Passive Coupler with Coaxial Cable for Airborne Sonar Applications","authors":"G. Manoj, R. Ramesh, S. O. Kundukulam","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01763","url":null,"abstract":"A design methodology is proposed to implement an impedance-matching network in a high-power underwater acoustic transmitting system to minimize power loss through long cables. For this, a Lumped-parameter electrical equivalent circuit model has been developed to analyze the transmitting system along with various couplers and de-couplers introduced for simultaneous transmission of data and DC power along with high-power AC. The effects of these couplers on the end performance of the system have been studied and compensated for by suitably modifying the impedance matching lines (ML). The appropriate impedance matching lines significantly enhance the power by about 300 watts and improve the power factor to 100 %.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49622028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Savchenko, A. Derevjanchuk, T. Dzyuba, D. Moskalenko
The article covers topical issues of organizing intensive training of artillery cadets in wartime based on the remote use of 3D simulators. In such an educational process, there is a need to coordinate dynamically the speed of developing detailed 3D models with the speed of information perception by cadets. The authors describe the process of infor-mation exchange in training system and they propose a mathematical model of information transmission. In addition, they offer a mathematical model of information perception by cadet and conduct a pedagogical experiment. Finally, they draw conclu-sions regarding the implementation of the developed models within the educational process. The results of the pedagogical experiment confirm theoretical formulations and make it possible to synchronize the speed of 3D models development with the speed of their study, considering the intensity of perception by cadets of a huge information vol-ume within a short time
{"title":"Intensive Training Model for Artillery Cadets Using 3D Simulators","authors":"V. Savchenko, A. Derevjanchuk, T. Dzyuba, D. Moskalenko","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01786","url":null,"abstract":"The article covers topical issues of organizing intensive training of artillery cadets in wartime based on the remote use of 3D simulators. In such an educational process, there is a need to coordinate dynamically the speed of developing detailed 3D models with the speed of information perception by cadets. The authors describe the process of infor-mation exchange in training system and they propose a mathematical model of information transmission. In addition, they offer a mathematical model of information perception by cadet and conduct a pedagogical experiment. Finally, they draw conclu-sions regarding the implementation of the developed models within the educational process. The results of the pedagogical experiment confirm theoretical formulations and make it possible to synchronize the speed of 3D models development with the speed of their study, considering the intensity of perception by cadets of a huge information vol-ume within a short time","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44255594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Lienkov, A. Myasischev, V. Ovcharuk, Evgen Lenkov, N. Lytvynenko
The design of a copter has been carried out, that can be used to set up air interference, reducing the probability of impact of the enemy air defense systems, reconnaissance operations, and the transfer of military cargo. The developed hexacopter is capable of carrying a useful load of 2.5-3.0 kg, at a speed of up to 45 km/h, based on a Pixhawk family flight controller using the Arducopter firmware. Stability of the flight of a quad-copter on a frame of 850 mm during a gusty wind of 7-8 m/s in navigation modes for firmware Arducopter ver.4.0.7 has been experimentally tested. The use of software dy-namic notch filters to reduce the impact of vibrations from running motors on the readings of the accelerometer and gyroscope is considered.
{"title":"Development of Multifunctional Rotary UAV Based on Pixhawk Family Flight Controllers","authors":"S. Lienkov, A. Myasischev, V. Ovcharuk, Evgen Lenkov, N. Lytvynenko","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01752","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a copter has been carried out, that can be used to set up air interference, reducing the probability of impact of the enemy air defense systems, reconnaissance operations, and the transfer of military cargo. The developed hexacopter is capable of carrying a useful load of 2.5-3.0 kg, at a speed of up to 45 km/h, based on a Pixhawk family flight controller using the Arducopter firmware. Stability of the flight of a quad-copter on a frame of 850 mm during a gusty wind of 7-8 m/s in navigation modes for firmware Arducopter ver.4.0.7 has been experimentally tested. The use of software dy-namic notch filters to reduce the impact of vibrations from running motors on the readings of the accelerometer and gyroscope is considered.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44220684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an analysis of the results of a hybrid air independent propulsion based on fuel cells for small submarines. The weight and volume of the investigated propulsion, and the major tactical and technical characteristics of the 540-tonne submarine equipped with this propulsion have been determined. Five onboard systems for the hydrogen storage or generation, and the oxygen storage are considered. Combining a micro-balloon hydrogen system with the cryogenic oxygen storage is the best solution for the propulsion. The submerged endurance and range improved 32.1-64.8 times, as compared to just battery. The indiscretion ratio equals zero at cruising speeds of less than 7.1 knots, while at higher speeds, this value has dramatically decreased, and submarine secrecy has increased significantly.
{"title":"Early-Stage Analysis of Air Independent Propulsion Based on Fuel Cells for Small Submarines","authors":"Cu Xuan Phong, Nguyen Quoc Q., Cu Xuan Cu Xuan P.","doi":"10.3849/aimt.01744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/aimt.01744","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analysis of the results of a hybrid air independent propulsion based on fuel cells for small submarines. The weight and volume of the investigated propulsion, and the major tactical and technical characteristics of the 540-tonne submarine equipped with this propulsion have been determined. Five onboard systems for the hydrogen storage or generation, and the oxygen storage are considered. Combining a micro-balloon hydrogen system with the cryogenic oxygen storage is the best solution for the propulsion. The submerged endurance and range improved 32.1-64.8 times, as compared to just battery. The indiscretion ratio equals zero at cruising speeds of less than 7.1 knots, while at higher speeds, this value has dramatically decreased, and submarine secrecy has increased significantly.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46923812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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