Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335759
Navid AfsariArdabili, S. Seyedshenava, H. Shayeghi
Hybrid energy systems are an important part of sustainable development. Due to increased interest in optimal using of these systems, having various methods to solve the optimization problem seems to be necessary. This paper proposes a two-layer algorithm to use in a multi-objective optimization of the hybrid energy system planning. In the first layer, the optimal sizes of the hybrid power supply components are calculated by using moth-flame optimization algorithm (MFO). In the second layer, the optimal power flow is calculated by using the mathematical quadratic programming algorithm (QP) to optimize the hybrid energy system operation. Then, it is possible to prioritize the goals and add the extra constraints, by weighting coefficients. The optimization results have been compared to show the effectiveness of the proposed method in various cases.
{"title":"Optimization of a Hybrid Energy System Architecture in Island Mode by a Two-Layer Approach","authors":"Navid AfsariArdabili, S. Seyedshenava, H. Shayeghi","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335759","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid energy systems are an important part of sustainable development. Due to increased interest in optimal using of these systems, having various methods to solve the optimization problem seems to be necessary. This paper proposes a two-layer algorithm to use in a multi-objective optimization of the hybrid energy system planning. In the first layer, the optimal sizes of the hybrid power supply components are calculated by using moth-flame optimization algorithm (MFO). In the second layer, the optimal power flow is calculated by using the mathematical quadratic programming algorithm (QP) to optimize the hybrid energy system operation. Then, it is possible to prioritize the goals and add the extra constraints, by weighting coefficients. The optimization results have been compared to show the effectiveness of the proposed method in various cases.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125351296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335749
Amir Hossein Mohammadzadeh Niaki, S. Afsharnia
Islanding detection is one of the most important requirements for the operation of distributed generation (DG) and renewable energy resources. Due to the fact that there are different types of nonlinear loads in the distribution network, considering the linear RLC load model cannot warrant the reliable performance of the islanding detection methods (IDMs) in real network conditions. In this paper, the effect of nonlinear load on the performance of the IDMs is evaluated. For this purpose, a novel approach based on sensitivity analysis with respect to the load nonlinearity level is proposed and the performance of various IDMs is studied. The results of sensitivity analysis show that the higher (lower) the level of load nonlinearity, the easier (more difficult) it will be to detect islanding. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"Effect of Nonlinear Load on the Performance of Distributed Generation Islanding Detection Methods","authors":"Amir Hossein Mohammadzadeh Niaki, S. Afsharnia","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335749","url":null,"abstract":"Islanding detection is one of the most important requirements for the operation of distributed generation (DG) and renewable energy resources. Due to the fact that there are different types of nonlinear loads in the distribution network, considering the linear RLC load model cannot warrant the reliable performance of the islanding detection methods (IDMs) in real network conditions. In this paper, the effect of nonlinear load on the performance of the IDMs is evaluated. For this purpose, a novel approach based on sensitivity analysis with respect to the load nonlinearity level is proposed and the performance of various IDMs is studied. The results of sensitivity analysis show that the higher (lower) the level of load nonlinearity, the easier (more difficult) it will be to detect islanding. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115653814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335736
A. Farahani, A. Abolmasoumi, M. Bayat, L. Mili
A new robust fusion Unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is proposed and applied to the problem of local bus frequency estimation in power systems. The presented UKF has two main features. Firstly, it fuses the local bus frequency data obtained from two different methods, i.e. SRF-PLLs and Frequency divider (FD) formula. Secondly, the detection and outweighing outliers in state estimation process is addressed using projection statistics. It is shown that the proposed robust fusion UKF (RFUKF) increases the reliability of local bus frequency estimation against data loss and cyber-attacks affecting one of data sources due to the fusion method. More importantly, it is robust against observation outliers. To verify the effectiveness of the presented method, the impact of the robust fusion state estimation method is studied on the bus frequency estimation for providing feedback signal to Wide Area Power System Stabilizer (WAPSS) which aims to damp the inter-area oscillation in power system. The results of the transient stability analysis are discussed through non-linear time domain simulations with PST toolbox.
{"title":"A Fast Outlier-robust Fusion Estimator for Local Bus Frequency Estimation in Power Systems","authors":"A. Farahani, A. Abolmasoumi, M. Bayat, L. Mili","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335736","url":null,"abstract":"A new robust fusion Unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is proposed and applied to the problem of local bus frequency estimation in power systems. The presented UKF has two main features. Firstly, it fuses the local bus frequency data obtained from two different methods, i.e. SRF-PLLs and Frequency divider (FD) formula. Secondly, the detection and outweighing outliers in state estimation process is addressed using projection statistics. It is shown that the proposed robust fusion UKF (RFUKF) increases the reliability of local bus frequency estimation against data loss and cyber-attacks affecting one of data sources due to the fusion method. More importantly, it is robust against observation outliers. To verify the effectiveness of the presented method, the impact of the robust fusion state estimation method is studied on the bus frequency estimation for providing feedback signal to Wide Area Power System Stabilizer (WAPSS) which aims to damp the inter-area oscillation in power system. The results of the transient stability analysis are discussed through non-linear time domain simulations with PST toolbox.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124738281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335773
A. Aliakbari, V. Vahidinasab
Due to the emergence of the new type of electric vehicles called solar plugin hybrid electric vehicles (SPHEV), the effect of the solar panel installed on top of this vehicle on its charging behavior, becomes significant. This paper proposes an optimization model with a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation that utilizes the effect of solar panels and two separated batteries provided in SPHEVs for optimal charging scheduling. The objective function is to minimize the total daily charge cost of the vehicle by taking into account the constraints of electric vehicles and parking lot. Also, the solar irradiation curve and shading effects are considered to analyze the charging of the SPHEV in the parking lot and during on-the-road trips. The model analyzed a sample parking lot and the results show that the charging cost of SPHEV is significantly reduced when compared with other types of electric vehicles.
{"title":"Optimal Charging Scheduling of Solar Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicles Considering On-the-Road Solar Energy Harvesting","authors":"A. Aliakbari, V. Vahidinasab","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335773","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the emergence of the new type of electric vehicles called solar plugin hybrid electric vehicles (SPHEV), the effect of the solar panel installed on top of this vehicle on its charging behavior, becomes significant. This paper proposes an optimization model with a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation that utilizes the effect of solar panels and two separated batteries provided in SPHEVs for optimal charging scheduling. The objective function is to minimize the total daily charge cost of the vehicle by taking into account the constraints of electric vehicles and parking lot. Also, the solar irradiation curve and shading effects are considered to analyze the charging of the SPHEV in the parking lot and during on-the-road trips. The model analyzed a sample parking lot and the results show that the charging cost of SPHEV is significantly reduced when compared with other types of electric vehicles.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125414101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335765
Vahid Shabani, M. A. Hejazi, Hamed Teekany
The micro grid studied in this paper supplies a residential building in a region with hot weather. The main distribution system source which is the focal point of this study is a micro-CCHP unit. Along with this source, photovoltaic Cells and the battery of a hybrid electric car are used respectively as the renewable energy and an electric energy storage source. In fact, by employing mathematical relations regarding micro-CCHP units this possibility is provided to study micro-CCHP units in a smart energy management system and observe their function in the presence of other distribution system sources. In addition to the heat load that provides the buildings required hot water, supplying the desired temperature of the building in hot seasons by adding an absorption chiller and adding cool load is studied and simulated. This kind of detailed modeling of heat and cool load intensifies the possibility of a better coordination between heat, cool and the output electric power of micro-CCHP which results in the optimal control and utilization of it.
{"title":"Energy Management of a Smart Home Micro Grid in Presence of Micro-CCHP","authors":"Vahid Shabani, M. A. Hejazi, Hamed Teekany","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335765","url":null,"abstract":"The micro grid studied in this paper supplies a residential building in a region with hot weather. The main distribution system source which is the focal point of this study is a micro-CCHP unit. Along with this source, photovoltaic Cells and the battery of a hybrid electric car are used respectively as the renewable energy and an electric energy storage source. In fact, by employing mathematical relations regarding micro-CCHP units this possibility is provided to study micro-CCHP units in a smart energy management system and observe their function in the presence of other distribution system sources. In addition to the heat load that provides the buildings required hot water, supplying the desired temperature of the building in hot seasons by adding an absorption chiller and adding cool load is studied and simulated. This kind of detailed modeling of heat and cool load intensifies the possibility of a better coordination between heat, cool and the output electric power of micro-CCHP which results in the optimal control and utilization of it.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133972724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, with population rise and electrification of the transportation fleet, the need for electricity demand has grown, which increased the importance of Generation expansion planning (GEP). Most of the literature investigated GEP by considering one objective function (minimizing the cost), whereas other objectives also have a high priority. For this reason, in this paper, a multi-objective GEP with aims of minimizing cost, minimizing emission, maximizing reliability, and flexibility is presented. GEP studies' foundation is based on the amount of annual peak load demand, which shows the superiority of considering load uncertainty in GEP studies. We used a deep learning method based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, which have a high ability in the time series forecasting for modeling load uncertainty. The optimization problem is also considered as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) that guarantees the optimal global solution. The forecasted peak load for the year 2020 as a test day shows the deep LSTM network's robustness for annual peak load forecasting (5.23% error with real data).
{"title":"A Multi-Objective Generation Expansion Planning with Modeling Load Demand Uncertainty by a Deep Learning- Based Approach","authors":"Farzin Ghasemi Olanlari, Saleh Sadeghi Gougheri, Amirhossein Nikoofard","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335769","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with population rise and electrification of the transportation fleet, the need for electricity demand has grown, which increased the importance of Generation expansion planning (GEP). Most of the literature investigated GEP by considering one objective function (minimizing the cost), whereas other objectives also have a high priority. For this reason, in this paper, a multi-objective GEP with aims of minimizing cost, minimizing emission, maximizing reliability, and flexibility is presented. GEP studies' foundation is based on the amount of annual peak load demand, which shows the superiority of considering load uncertainty in GEP studies. We used a deep learning method based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, which have a high ability in the time series forecasting for modeling load uncertainty. The optimization problem is also considered as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) that guarantees the optimal global solution. The forecasted peak load for the year 2020 as a test day shows the deep LSTM network's robustness for annual peak load forecasting (5.23% error with real data).","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":" 29","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113947969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335768
Mitra Nabian Dehaghani, S. A. Taher, Z. D. Arani
Due to high efficiency, reliability and power quality issues, DC microgrids (MGs) gain a lot of attentions among researchers. Accurate voltage regulation and current sharing are the main control goals in a DC MG which should be addressed. Therefore, a hierarchical control scheme with droop control-based primary level and distributed voltage and current control-based secondary level are implemented in this paper and simulated in the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The studied DC MG includes four distributed generations (DGs) which two DGs are connected through boost converters and the two others are connected through buck converters. To validate the outperformance of the employed method, a white noise is considered in secondary controllers and the obtained results are compared with results from an available method.
{"title":"Distributed Secondary Voltage and Current Control Scheme with Noise Nullification Ability for DC Microgrids","authors":"Mitra Nabian Dehaghani, S. A. Taher, Z. D. Arani","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335768","url":null,"abstract":"Due to high efficiency, reliability and power quality issues, DC microgrids (MGs) gain a lot of attentions among researchers. Accurate voltage regulation and current sharing are the main control goals in a DC MG which should be addressed. Therefore, a hierarchical control scheme with droop control-based primary level and distributed voltage and current control-based secondary level are implemented in this paper and simulated in the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The studied DC MG includes four distributed generations (DGs) which two DGs are connected through boost converters and the two others are connected through buck converters. To validate the outperformance of the employed method, a white noise is considered in secondary controllers and the obtained results are compared with results from an available method.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"10 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114030741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335753
A. K. Rizvandi, Mehrdad Bagheri Sanjareh, M. Nazari, Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh Ghiasi
An islanded Microgrid (MG) may experience large frequency variations due to load variations, intermittent power generation of renewable sources and etc. Therefore, providing a reliable frequency control scheme is vital for islanded operation of an MG. The utilization of a fast-responding source like a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is indispensable for dealing with the frequency variations. In this paper, a novel control scheme is proposed for enabling the participation of Air Conditioners (ACs) alongside the BESS in primary frequency control. The simulation results show that the cooperative application of BESS and ACs results in less frequency deviation than the case just BESS is used. The BESS maximum power injection/absorption is decreased which results in the battery life extension.
{"title":"A Novel Scheme for Enabling Air Conditioners to Participate in Primary Frequency Control","authors":"A. K. Rizvandi, Mehrdad Bagheri Sanjareh, M. Nazari, Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh Ghiasi","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335753","url":null,"abstract":"An islanded Microgrid (MG) may experience large frequency variations due to load variations, intermittent power generation of renewable sources and etc. Therefore, providing a reliable frequency control scheme is vital for islanded operation of an MG. The utilization of a fast-responding source like a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is indispensable for dealing with the frequency variations. In this paper, a novel control scheme is proposed for enabling the participation of Air Conditioners (ACs) alongside the BESS in primary frequency control. The simulation results show that the cooperative application of BESS and ACs results in less frequency deviation than the case just BESS is used. The BESS maximum power injection/absorption is decreased which results in the battery life extension.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125322006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335740
A. Akbari, S. Bathaee
This paper presents the impact of the country-level social cost of carbon (CSCC) and carbon allowance (CA) on generation expansion planning (GEP). Therefore, developing a mixed-integer programming model, the optimal power plant mix, total planning cost, and CO2 emission in different scenarios were investigated. The proposed model's essential point is to consider CSCC and CA as part of objective function while including CO2 constraint. The proposed model applied to the Kish island power system. The result shows without considering the CO2 constraint, CSCC, and CA, the penetration of renewable sources is 4%, due to the high penetration of natural gas open cycle (NGOC) units in the island. While incorporating these factors will increase renewable penetration to 11%, and reserve and emission constraints and CA will play an essential role than CSCC. The optimization program has been performed by GAMS software via the CPLEX solver.
{"title":"Generation Expansion Planning Considering Country-Level Social Cost of Carbon: Case Study of Kish Island","authors":"A. Akbari, S. Bathaee","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335740","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the impact of the country-level social cost of carbon (CSCC) and carbon allowance (CA) on generation expansion planning (GEP). Therefore, developing a mixed-integer programming model, the optimal power plant mix, total planning cost, and CO2 emission in different scenarios were investigated. The proposed model's essential point is to consider CSCC and CA as part of objective function while including CO2 constraint. The proposed model applied to the Kish island power system. The result shows without considering the CO2 constraint, CSCC, and CA, the penetration of renewable sources is 4%, due to the high penetration of natural gas open cycle (NGOC) units in the island. While incorporating these factors will increase renewable penetration to 11%, and reserve and emission constraints and CA will play an essential role than CSCC. The optimization program has been performed by GAMS software via the CPLEX solver.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131036478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335772
M. Habibi, V. Vahidinasab, M. Sepasian
This paper takes advantage of mobile energy storage systems (MES) to increase the liquidity of the integrated TSO and DSO energy market. The energy transfer capacity of distribution systems to the upstream network is limited, and network reinforcement requires a large investment. This paper uses MESs to facilitate energy transfer between the TSO and DSOs and also between DSOs. The proposed model applies trucks for swapping MESs between systems using the time-space network (TSN) technique. The IEEE RTS 24-bus test system is modified by adding downstream distribution systems, and it is used for the evaluation of the proposed model. The result shows that the model successfully operates the MESs and reduces the operational cost alongside calculating the share of different market agents.
{"title":"Application of Mobile Energy Storage to Facilitate Energy Transfer Between TSO and DSO Networks","authors":"M. Habibi, V. Vahidinasab, M. Sepasian","doi":"10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SGC52076.2020.9335772","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes advantage of mobile energy storage systems (MES) to increase the liquidity of the integrated TSO and DSO energy market. The energy transfer capacity of distribution systems to the upstream network is limited, and network reinforcement requires a large investment. This paper uses MESs to facilitate energy transfer between the TSO and DSOs and also between DSOs. The proposed model applies trucks for swapping MESs between systems using the time-space network (TSN) technique. The IEEE RTS 24-bus test system is modified by adding downstream distribution systems, and it is used for the evaluation of the proposed model. The result shows that the model successfully operates the MESs and reduces the operational cost alongside calculating the share of different market agents.","PeriodicalId":391511,"journal":{"name":"2020 10th Smart Grid Conference (SGC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117310102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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