Pub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.2174/0122127976289702240212040839
D. A. Perumal, Arjun P S
Temperature is crucial for battery pack durability and power. Folded fin and serpentine channel cooling methods are mostly used to cool the pack. However, fluid absorption during cooling can reduce capacity and cause downstream temperatures to be higher than upstream. Consistent cooling is vital to prevent temperature variation and increase battery pack lifespan. This work is concerned with the computational study of heat dissipation from open-cell aluminium metal foam for cooling LiFePO4 battery packs. The battery module consists of six pieces of pouch cell and three pieces of the aluminium foam heat sink. In the present study, aluminium foams are positioned between the LiFePO4 battery modules that are arranged in a vertical manner. Thermal interaction between the battery module and aluminum foam was studied. The effect of pore density on heat dissipation performance at different mass flow rates was explored. It has been discovered that aluminium foam with suitable porosity and pore density can efficiently cool the LiFePO4 battery pack. This paper provides a theoretical framework for designing a thermal management system for lithium- ion batteries using aluminium foam. Metal foam cooling is an established technique for thermal management of Lithiumion batteries in electric vehicles. The present study aims to analyze heat transfer through aluminium metal foams for vertically aligned LiFePO4 battery pack cooling. The Darcy extended Forchheimer (DEF) model examines fluid flow through metallic foams, using the local thermal non-equilibrium model to determine heat transfer. The impact of the density of pores in the aluminium foam on the average wall temperature and temperature difference along the battery surface is determined. The variation of heat transfer of lithium-ion battery modules for different mass flow rates is also studied. The results indicate that utilizing aluminium foam as a heat transfer medium for battery modules significantly enhances their thermal management performance.
{"title":"Computational Modelling of Heat Transfer through Aluminium Metal Foams for LiFePO4 Battery Cooling","authors":"D. A. Perumal, Arjun P S","doi":"10.2174/0122127976289702240212040839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976289702240212040839","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Temperature is crucial for battery pack durability and power. Folded fin and serpentine\u0000channel cooling methods are mostly used to cool the pack. However, fluid absorption during cooling\u0000can reduce capacity and cause downstream temperatures to be higher than upstream. Consistent\u0000cooling is vital to prevent temperature variation and increase battery pack lifespan. This work is\u0000concerned with the computational study of heat dissipation from open-cell aluminium metal foam\u0000for cooling LiFePO4 battery packs. The battery module consists of six pieces of pouch cell and\u0000three pieces of the aluminium foam heat sink. In the present study, aluminium foams are positioned\u0000between the LiFePO4 battery modules that are arranged in a vertical manner. Thermal interaction\u0000between the battery module and aluminum foam was studied. The effect of pore density on heat\u0000dissipation performance at different mass flow rates was explored. It has been discovered that aluminium\u0000foam with suitable porosity and pore density can efficiently cool the LiFePO4 battery pack.\u0000This paper provides a theoretical framework for designing a thermal management system for lithium-\u0000ion batteries using aluminium foam.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Metal foam cooling is an established technique for thermal management of Lithiumion\u0000batteries in electric vehicles.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study aims to analyze heat transfer through aluminium metal foams for vertically\u0000aligned LiFePO4 battery pack cooling.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The Darcy extended Forchheimer (DEF) model examines fluid flow through metallic\u0000foams, using the local thermal non-equilibrium model to determine heat transfer.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The impact of the density of pores in the aluminium foam on the average wall temperature\u0000and temperature difference along the battery surface is determined. The variation of heat transfer of\u0000lithium-ion battery modules for different mass flow rates is also studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results indicate that utilizing aluminium foam as a heat transfer medium for battery\u0000modules significantly enhances their thermal management performance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-19DOI: 10.2174/0122127976284835240116085109
Sabari K, Muniappan A
The primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of welding conditions on the mechanical properties of friction stir-welded butt joints created from two distinct aluminium alloys, namely, AA6061 and AA7075. Friction stir welding (FSW), known for its innovation and low-energy solid-state bonding technique, was employed in this research. FSW experiments were carried out on both AA6061 and AA7075 alloys using a computer numerical control (CNC) machine. The selection and design of the tool geometry were meticulous, with an emphasis on new pin profiles that are nearly flat at the weld contact point. Precisely, four distinct tool geometries were machined from HC-HCr (High carbon, high chromium steel): Circular, Square, Tapered third, and Triangular. Critical process variables that significantly influence weld quality include rotation speed (800 rpm-1400 rpm) and traverse speed (12 to 25 mm/min). These variables were carefully optimized to achieve flawless welds. During the friction stir welding process, the nugget zone undergoes significant deformation, leading to the formation of a new microstructure that substantially impacts the mechanical properties of the joint. This study comprehensively investigates the thermal and mechanical properties of friction stir welding using aluminium alloys AA6061 and AA7075, considering various tool shapes. Among the four tool shapes employed, two were found to yield higher hardness values (referred to as BH). Notably, the square-shaped tool produced the highest temperature, reaching up to 690ºC, as determined by thermocouple readings. Based on the findings, the optimal FSW parameters for enhancing hardness involve an axial feed and spindle speed of 800 rpm combined with a feed rate of 15 mm/min. These parameters were identified as crucial for achieving the desired mechanical properties in the friction stir-welded joints. This study presents new developments in FSW technology, which may have patent implications.
{"title":"Thermal and Mechanical Investigation of Friction Stir Welding with\u0000Disparate Materials AA6061 and AA7075","authors":"Sabari K, Muniappan A","doi":"10.2174/0122127976284835240116085109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976284835240116085109","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of welding\u0000conditions on the mechanical properties of friction stir-welded butt joints created from two distinct\u0000aluminium alloys, namely, AA6061 and AA7075. Friction stir welding (FSW), known for its innovation\u0000and low-energy solid-state bonding technique, was employed in this research.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000FSW experiments were carried out on both AA6061 and AA7075 alloys using a computer\u0000numerical control (CNC) machine. The selection and design of the tool geometry were meticulous,\u0000with an emphasis on new pin profiles that are nearly flat at the weld contact point. Precisely,\u0000four distinct tool geometries were machined from HC-HCr (High carbon, high chromium steel):\u0000Circular, Square, Tapered third, and Triangular. Critical process variables that significantly influence\u0000weld quality include rotation speed (800 rpm-1400 rpm) and traverse speed (12 to 25\u0000mm/min). These variables were carefully optimized to achieve flawless welds. During the friction\u0000stir welding process, the nugget zone undergoes significant deformation, leading to the formation\u0000of a new microstructure that substantially impacts the mechanical properties of the joint.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study comprehensively investigates the thermal and mechanical properties of friction\u0000stir welding using aluminium alloys AA6061 and AA7075, considering various tool shapes.\u0000Among the four tool shapes employed, two were found to yield higher hardness values (referred to\u0000as BH). Notably, the square-shaped tool produced the highest temperature, reaching up to 690ºC,\u0000as determined by thermocouple readings. Based on the findings, the optimal FSW parameters for\u0000enhancing hardness involve an axial feed and spindle speed of 800 rpm combined with a feed rate\u0000of 15 mm/min. These parameters were identified as crucial for achieving the desired mechanical\u0000properties in the friction stir-welded joints.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study presents new developments in FSW technology, which may have patent\u0000implications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"19 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-16DOI: 10.2174/0122127976272048231207054931
N. Anbazhaghan, Gaurab Neupane, T. Lakshmanan, J. Jayaprabakar, J. Parthipan
Gasoline engines using alcohol fuels are being researched in the present trend since they are seen to be viable as diesel engines. The effect of isopropyl acetate and acetone additive blends on gasoline is explored in this study using a single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine operating at a constant speed of 2500 rpm under all loading conditions. Two gasoline blends are prepared by adding 5 % and 10 % by volume of isopropyl acetate and acetone separately. Properties are investigated and tested for its engine performance and emission. There are not much research about the effect of Isopropyl acetate as a fuel additive in gasoline engine. Hence the main objective lies on extract information on using this additive in SI engine The trial results demonstrated that the A5 (5% Acetone + 95% Gasoline) brake thermal efficiency improved when compared to pure gasoline. At maximum engine load, all additive blends have lower brake specific fuel consumption than pure gasoline. However, under full load, the emissions of various additive blends are lower than those of pure gasoline. Results revealed that IA5 (5 % Isopropyl acetate + 95 % Gasoline), IA10 (10 % Isopropyl acetate + 90 % Gasoline), and A10 (10 % Acetone + 90 % Gasoline) are considered good for decreasing HC, NOx, and CO emissions respectively. The findings of this study can be considered as a patent to lay the information on these types of alcohols in gasoline engines.
{"title":"Experimental Study of Isopropyl Acetate and Acetone Additive Gasoline on a Spark-Ignition Engine and its Impact on Green Environment","authors":"N. Anbazhaghan, Gaurab Neupane, T. Lakshmanan, J. Jayaprabakar, J. Parthipan","doi":"10.2174/0122127976272048231207054931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976272048231207054931","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Gasoline engines using alcohol fuels are being researched in the\u0000present trend since they are seen to be viable as diesel engines. The effect of isopropyl acetate and\u0000acetone additive blends on gasoline is explored in this study using a single-cylinder four-stroke\u0000gasoline engine operating at a constant speed of 2500 rpm under all loading conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Two gasoline blends are prepared by adding 5 % and 10 % by volume of isopropyl acetate\u0000and acetone separately. Properties are investigated and tested for its engine performance and\u0000emission.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There are not much research about the effect of Isopropyl acetate as a fuel additive in gasoline engine. Hence the main objective lies on extract information on using this additive in SI engine\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The trial results demonstrated that the A5 (5% Acetone + 95% Gasoline) brake thermal efficiency\u0000improved when compared to pure gasoline. At maximum engine load, all additive blends\u0000have lower brake specific fuel consumption than pure gasoline. However, under full load, the emissions\u0000of various additive blends are lower than those of pure gasoline.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Results revealed that IA5 (5 % Isopropyl acetate + 95 % Gasoline), IA10 (10 % Isopropyl\u0000acetate + 90 % Gasoline), and A10 (10 % Acetone + 90 % Gasoline) are considered good for\u0000decreasing HC, NOx, and CO emissions respectively. The findings of this study can be considered\u0000as a patent to lay the information on these types of alcohols in gasoline engines.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"495 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.2174/0122127976270697231219054728
Lijuan Li, Xinhui Zheng, Chuang Xiao, Yuange Li, Qing Li
A high percentage of renewable energy and a high percentage of power electronic devices are connected to the power system, which leads to the diversification and complexity of stochastic excitation, and the traditional single-excitation stochastic model is no longer applicable. The study aimed to solve the problem that the high proportion of renewable energy and the high proportion of power electronic equipment are connected to the power system, which leads to the diversification and complexity of stochastic excitation and makes the traditional stochastic model of single excitation no longer applicable. Firstly, stochastic differential equations for power systems have been modelled with mixed Gaussian white noise and Poisson white noise excitation. Secondly, the Milstein-Euler predictor-corrector method has been developed to solve the stochastic differential equation model of the power system. Finally, the influence of Gauss white noise and Poisson white noise on the power system stability under different excitation intensities has been analyzed. The rationality and correctness of the model have been verified by the simulation of a one-machine infinitebus (OMIB) system. The stochastic differential equation model of a power system with Gauss white noise and Poisson white noise excitation has been established and its angle stability has been analyzed. Increasing the Gaussian white noise and Poisson white noise excitation intensity can lead to an increase in the fluctuation of the power angle curve, as well as an increase in the standard deviation and expected value of the power angle mean curve, which may decrease the stability of the power system. This study provides a reference for stochastic power systems modeling and efficient simulation, and has important application value for power system stability assessment and safety evaluation as well as related patent applications
{"title":"Research on Power Angle Characteristics of One-Machine Infinite-Bus\u0000Power Systems of Mixed Gauss and Poisson Stochastic Excitation","authors":"Lijuan Li, Xinhui Zheng, Chuang Xiao, Yuange Li, Qing Li","doi":"10.2174/0122127976270697231219054728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976270697231219054728","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A high percentage of renewable energy and a high percentage of power\u0000electronic devices are connected to the power system, which leads to the diversification and\u0000complexity of stochastic excitation, and the traditional single-excitation stochastic model is no\u0000longer applicable.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study aimed to solve the problem that the high proportion of renewable energy\u0000and the high proportion of power electronic equipment are connected to the power system, which\u0000leads to the diversification and complexity of stochastic excitation and makes the traditional stochastic model of single excitation no longer applicable.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Firstly, stochastic differential equations for power systems have been modelled with\u0000mixed Gaussian white noise and Poisson white noise excitation. Secondly, the Milstein-Euler\u0000predictor-corrector method has been developed to solve the stochastic differential equation model of the power system. Finally, the influence of Gauss white noise and Poisson white noise on\u0000the power system stability under different excitation intensities has been analyzed. The rationality and correctness of the model have been verified by the simulation of a one-machine infinitebus (OMIB) system.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The stochastic differential equation model of a power system with Gauss white noise\u0000and Poisson white noise excitation has been established and its angle stability has been analyzed.\u0000Increasing the Gaussian white noise and Poisson white noise excitation intensity can lead to an\u0000increase in the fluctuation of the power angle curve, as well as an increase in the standard deviation and expected value of the power angle mean curve, which may decrease the stability of the\u0000power system.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study provides a reference for stochastic power systems modeling and efficient simulation, and has important application value for power system stability assessment and\u0000safety evaluation as well as related patent applications\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"113 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.2174/0122127976284214231220051410
Huaiyong Li, Shijie Gao, Zhong Chen, Yonghua Yin
With the rapid development of science and technology, industrial products continue to develop towards the direction of lightweight and miniaturization, and the demand for power sources to drive micromachinery is increasing, so the patents related to microactuators are also increasingly valued. The microactuator based on a piezoelectric drive converts the deformation energy of the piezoelectric body into the kinetic energy of the transmission mechanism to drive the output shaft rotation. The stator and the rotor of the existing actuator are the surface contact with a certain preload force. After working for a long time, the contact surface will be lost due to friction, which will reduce the response speed and rotation accuracy and even cause the rotor to slip, affecting the actuator operating life. In order to solve the above technical problems, the author innovates the driving mode between stator and rotor and proposes a novel short-column micro piezoelectric actuator based on multi-tooth alternating meshing transmission. Firstly, the structure and operating principle of short-column micro piezoelectric power actuator, which can realize linear motion into rotary motion, and has three main advantages: compactness in size, multi-tooth meshing drive and large driving torque, are proposed and elucidated. Secondly, the structure size of each component of the actuator is determined to complete the 3D structure design. Thirdly, the modal analysis and the harmonic response analysis of the actuator are studied. The frequency range of the sawtooth wave voltage excitation signal applied to the actuator is determined. Finally, the prototype is made, and the performance test is carried out. In this paper, a micro piezoelectric power actuator different from the existing patent is proposed, which is assembled by a drive module, a transmission module, an elastic element, an output shaft, a base module and a shell. The results show that when the excitation frequency applied by the actuator is 157Hz, the amplitude of the tooth column along the axis of the actuator is 3.071mm, the axial amplitude of the output shaft is zero, and there is no axial motion. At this time, the displacement of the tooth column is the largest, and the driving performance is the best. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the prototype appears to have intermittent rotation under this frequency excitation. The proposed micro piezoelectric power actuator adopts multi-tooth alternating meshing between the stator and the rotor to transfer power, which changes the transmission mode relying on friction in the existing technology, reduces the friction loss, avoids rotor slip, and improves the response speed, rotation accuracy and operating life of the actuator. The research work in this paper provides a new idea and a new method for the research and design of micromechanical power sources.
{"title":"Structural Design and Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Short-column\u0000Micro Piezoelectric Power Actuator","authors":"Huaiyong Li, Shijie Gao, Zhong Chen, Yonghua Yin","doi":"10.2174/0122127976284214231220051410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976284214231220051410","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000With the rapid development of science and technology, industrial products\u0000continue to develop towards the direction of lightweight and miniaturization, and the demand\u0000for power sources to drive micromachinery is increasing, so the patents related to microactuators\u0000are also increasingly valued. The microactuator based on a piezoelectric drive converts the deformation\u0000energy of the piezoelectric body into the kinetic energy of the transmission mechanism to\u0000drive the output shaft rotation. The stator and the rotor of the existing actuator are the surface contact\u0000with a certain preload force. After working for a long time, the contact surface will be lost due\u0000to friction, which will reduce the response speed and rotation accuracy and even cause the rotor to\u0000slip, affecting the actuator operating life.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In order to solve the above technical problems, the author innovates the driving mode\u0000between stator and rotor and proposes a novel short-column micro piezoelectric actuator based on\u0000multi-tooth alternating meshing transmission.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Firstly, the structure and operating principle of short-column micro piezoelectric power\u0000actuator, which can realize linear motion into rotary motion, and has three main advantages: compactness\u0000in size, multi-tooth meshing drive and large driving torque, are proposed and elucidated.\u0000Secondly, the structure size of each component of the actuator is determined to complete the 3D\u0000structure design. Thirdly, the modal analysis and the harmonic response analysis of the actuator\u0000are studied. The frequency range of the sawtooth wave voltage excitation signal applied to the actuator\u0000is determined. Finally, the prototype is made, and the performance test is carried out.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this paper, a micro piezoelectric power actuator different from the existing patent is\u0000proposed, which is assembled by a drive module, a transmission module, an elastic element, an\u0000output shaft, a base module and a shell. The results show that when the excitation frequency applied\u0000by the actuator is 157Hz, the amplitude of the tooth column along the axis of the actuator is\u00003.071mm, the axial amplitude of the output shaft is zero, and there is no axial motion. At this time,\u0000the displacement of the tooth column is the largest, and the driving performance is the best. From\u0000the experimental results, it can be seen that the prototype appears to have intermittent rotation under\u0000this frequency excitation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The proposed micro piezoelectric power actuator adopts multi-tooth alternating\u0000meshing between the stator and the rotor to transfer power, which changes the transmission mode\u0000relying on friction in the existing technology, reduces the friction loss, avoids rotor slip, and improves\u0000the response speed, rotation accuracy and operating life of the actuator. The research work\u0000in this paper provides a new idea and a new method for the research and design of micromechanical\u0000power sources.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139597776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.2174/0122127976274712231204045904
Yinglong Feng, Ankuo Zhang
Based on referring to the relevant patents, it was found that the traditional lyophilizer refrigeration system has the disadvantages of large volume and high power consumption. Meanwhile, considering the context of advocating low carbon emission and environmental protection, the use of energy-saving refrigeration technology and the use of non-fluorine and harmless refrigerants are the trends of future development. In order to solve the problems of complex refrigeration system, high energy consumption and large volume of traditional lyophilizer, improve the operation performance of lyophilizer, enhance the reliability of lyophilizer operation, the paper designs a Stirling-type lyophilizer with working temperature -70 ℃. In order to solve the traditional lyophilizer problems and enhance the lyophilizer reliability, the paper designs a Stirling-type lyophilizer with a working temperature of -70°C. The paper designs a Stirling-type lyophilizer with working temperature -70 ℃. Stirling cooling has the advantages of ultra-low refrigeration temperature and high cooling speed. Based on the above advantages, combining the characteristics of the lyophilization box, a Stirling- type lyophilizer with a capacity of 0.120 m3 and a shelf area of 0.4 m2 is designed. The Stirlingtype lyophilizer refrigeration system structure is analyzed. The flat plate heat pipe to transfer the cold is used. The rigid polyurethane as the insulation material of the lyophilization box is studied. The heat leakage calculation method of the lyophilization box is given. Based on the advantages of ultra-low temperature, fast cooling and high efficiency of Stirling cooling, a lyophilizer with a capacity of 0.120 m3 and a shelf area of 0.4 m2 was designed by combining the characteristics of the lyophilization box and Stirling refrigeration technology. The structure of the refrigeration system of lyophilizer was analyzed, a flat plate-type heat pipe to conduct the cold was used, the rigid polyurethane as the insulation layer was studied, and the calculation method of heat leakage of the lyophilization box was given. Stirling cryocooler was selected based on the heat load of the lyophilization box, the experimental study of testing cryocooler was conducted and the feasibility of the design was verified. Stirling cryocooler is selected based on the lyophilization box heat leakage. The experimental test of the Stirling cryocooler is conducted. The feasibility of the design is verified. The Stirling cryocooler, with a charging pressure of 2.9 MPa and an operating frequency of 68 Hz, could achieve -87.057°C within 24 min. The lowest refrigeration temperature could be maintained at - 100.286°C after 97 min. The cooling capacity obtained is 40.0 W at an input power of 99.2 W, and the COP is 0.403. The cryocooler with a charging pressure of 2.9 MPa and an operating frequency of 68 Hz, could be reduced to -87.057 °C within 24 min, and the lowest refrigeration temperature cou
{"title":"Design, Heat Leakage Analysis and Stirling Cryocooler Option of Stirling-type Lyophilizer","authors":"Yinglong Feng, Ankuo Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0122127976274712231204045904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976274712231204045904","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Based on referring to the relevant patents, it was found that the traditional\u0000lyophilizer refrigeration system has the disadvantages of large volume and high power consumption.\u0000Meanwhile, considering the context of advocating low carbon emission and environmental protection,\u0000the use of energy-saving refrigeration technology and the use of non-fluorine and harmless refrigerants\u0000are the trends of future development.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In order to solve the problems of complex refrigeration system, high energy consumption and large volume of traditional lyophilizer, improve the operation performance of lyophilizer, enhance the reliability of lyophilizer operation, the paper designs a Stirling-type lyophilizer with working temperature -70 ℃.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In order to solve the traditional lyophilizer problems and enhance the lyophilizer reliability,\u0000the paper designs a Stirling-type lyophilizer with a working temperature of -70°C.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The paper designs a Stirling-type lyophilizer with working temperature -70 ℃.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Stirling cooling has the advantages of ultra-low refrigeration temperature and high cooling\u0000speed. Based on the above advantages, combining the characteristics of the lyophilization box, a Stirling-\u0000type lyophilizer with a capacity of 0.120 m3 and a shelf area of 0.4 m2 is designed. The Stirlingtype\u0000lyophilizer refrigeration system structure is analyzed. The flat plate heat pipe to transfer the cold\u0000is used. The rigid polyurethane as the insulation material of the lyophilization box is studied. The heat\u0000leakage calculation method of the lyophilization box is given.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Based on the advantages of ultra-low temperature, fast cooling and high efficiency of Stirling cooling, a lyophilizer with a capacity of 0.120 m3 and a shelf area of 0.4 m2 was designed by combining the characteristics of the lyophilization box and Stirling refrigeration technology. The structure of the refrigeration system of lyophilizer was analyzed, a flat plate-type heat pipe to conduct the cold was used, the rigid polyurethane as the insulation layer was studied, and the calculation method of heat leakage of the lyophilization box was given. Stirling cryocooler was selected based on the heat load of the lyophilization box, the experimental study of testing cryocooler was conducted and the feasibility of the design was verified.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Stirling cryocooler is selected based on the lyophilization box heat leakage. The experimental\u0000test of the Stirling cryocooler is conducted. The feasibility of the design is verified. The Stirling\u0000cryocooler, with a charging pressure of 2.9 MPa and an operating frequency of 68 Hz, could\u0000achieve -87.057°C within 24 min. The lowest refrigeration temperature could be maintained at -\u0000100.286°C after 97 min. The cooling capacity obtained is 40.0 W at an input power of 99.2 W, and\u0000the COP is 0.403.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The cryocooler with a charging pressure of 2.9 MPa and an operating frequency of 68 Hz, could be reduced to -87.057 °C within 24 min, and the lowest refrigeration temperature cou","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140505525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.2174/0122127976275315231107052210
R. Ourihi, F. Elhilali, H. Fihri-Fassi
This article explores a novel approach to developing an environmentally friendly structure through the implementation of eco-design, optimization, and sustainability. The process consists of three key steps. Firstly, it begins with an understanding of eco-design principles aimed at enhancing the structure's durability by selecting relevant environmental aspects and design guidelines. Secondly, computer-aided design and optimization techniques are employed to identify efficient models, focusing specifically on lightweight structures. Lastly, the article discusses two different processes, namely injection molding and die casting, which can be used to minimize the environmental impact of the structure. The article emphasizes the significance of eco-friendly design in promoting sustainability within the automotive industry. To validate these concepts, the study focuses on vehicle mirrors, which play a crucial role in improving driver visibility, safety, and situational awareness during driving, maneuvering, and parking.
{"title":"Implementing a Complete Method of Eco-Design, Optimization, and\u0000Sustainability in Automotive Mirrors","authors":"R. Ourihi, F. Elhilali, H. Fihri-Fassi","doi":"10.2174/0122127976275315231107052210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976275315231107052210","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This article explores a novel approach to developing an environmentally\u0000friendly structure through the implementation of eco-design, optimization, and sustainability. The\u0000process consists of three key steps.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Firstly, it begins with an understanding of eco-design principles aimed at enhancing the\u0000structure's durability by selecting relevant environmental aspects and design guidelines. Secondly,\u0000computer-aided design and optimization techniques are employed to identify efficient models, focusing\u0000specifically on lightweight structures. Lastly, the article discusses two different processes, namely\u0000injection molding and die casting, which can be used to minimize the environmental impact of the\u0000structure.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The article emphasizes the significance of eco-friendly design in promoting sustainability\u0000within the automotive industry.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To validate these concepts, the study focuses on vehicle mirrors, which play a crucial\u0000role in improving driver visibility, safety, and situational awareness during driving, maneuvering, and\u0000parking.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138602404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.2174/0122127976262378231023080241
Xiaofeng He, Xiaofeng Liu, Yunxiang Ma, Chengbin Lu, Yang Wu, Zhongfu Nie
Low-frequency resonance is one of the common issues encountered during the variable-frequency operation of condensate water pumps. There have been numerous patents and papers proposing solutions to address the low-frequency resonance problem in condensate water pumps. However, the solutions for resonance problems often need to be tailored to specific circumstances. Condensate pump is one of the important auxiliary equipment of thermal power plant, which consumes a lot of electric energy in the production process. Improving the efficiency of condensate pump can save energy and reduce consumption. Variable frequency operation is an effective method to improve the efficiency. However, the condensate pump is prone to excessive vibration in the process of frequency conversion operation, which affects the safe operation of the condensate pump Based on the acoustic method, the dynamic model of the rotor and inner cylinder of Jiangsu Guohua Chenjiagang Power Plant 2B condensate pump is established to compare the difference between dry modal and fluid-structure coupling modal, the influence of perpendicularity, concentricity and bearing wear on the natural frequency of rotor is studied. In order to systematically understand the modal characteristics of the condensate pump rotor and inner cylinder under the fluid-structure coupling condition, a three-dimensional finite element model of the 2B condensate pump rotor and inner cylinder in Jiangsu Guohua Chenjiagang Power Plant was established. The rotor is rigid under normal conditions. When the bearing is worn, the frequency of the rotor will be greatly reduced and may fall into the frequency conversion operation range to excite resonance. The deviation of perpendicularity and concentricity will not directly lead to the decrease of rotor modal but will lead to the increase of bearing stress, aggravate bearing wear, and then affect the rotor modal. As the inner cylinder only relies on the fixed support at the top, the structure stiffness is low, which may lead to low-frequency resonance. By adding two support structures at the guide vane, the first-order modal frequency of the inner cylinder can be increased from 3.29 Hz to 28.88 Hz, effectively avoiding the operating frequency range of the system. The fluid-structure coupling modal of the rotor was calculated based on acoustic method, and the difference between the dry modal and the fluid structure coupling modal was compared. At the same time, the influence of the rotor perpendicularity, concentricity related installation parameters and bearing wear on the modal was studied. This study can guide the optimization of similar pump structures. 1. The fluid-structure coupling modals of both the rotor and the inner cylinder are much lower than the dry modal. Compared with the dry modal, the first two orders of fluid-structure coupling modals of the rotor are reduced by 8.11%, while the first two orders of fluid-structure coupling modals of
{"title":"Modal Analysis and Optimization of Fluid-Structure Coupling for Rotor and Inner Cylinder of Vertical Condensate Pump","authors":"Xiaofeng He, Xiaofeng Liu, Yunxiang Ma, Chengbin Lu, Yang Wu, Zhongfu Nie","doi":"10.2174/0122127976262378231023080241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976262378231023080241","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Low-frequency resonance is one of the common issues encountered during\u0000the variable-frequency operation of condensate water pumps. There have been numerous patents and\u0000papers proposing solutions to address the low-frequency resonance problem in condensate water pumps.\u0000However, the solutions for resonance problems often need to be tailored to specific circumstances.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Condensate pump is one of the important auxiliary equipment of thermal power plant, which consumes a lot of electric energy in the production process. Improving the efficiency of condensate pump can save energy and reduce consumption. Variable frequency operation is an effective method to improve the efficiency. However, the condensate pump is prone to excessive vibration in the process of frequency conversion operation, which affects the safe operation of the condensate pump\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Based on the acoustic method, the dynamic model of the rotor and inner cylinder of Jiangsu\u0000Guohua Chenjiagang Power Plant 2B condensate pump is established to compare the difference\u0000between dry modal and fluid-structure coupling modal, the influence of perpendicularity, concentricity\u0000and bearing wear on the natural frequency of rotor is studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In order to systematically understand the modal characteristics of the condensate pump rotor and inner cylinder under the fluid-structure coupling condition, a three-dimensional finite element model of the 2B condensate pump rotor and inner cylinder in Jiangsu Guohua Chenjiagang Power Plant was established.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The rotor is rigid under normal conditions. When the bearing is worn, the frequency of the\u0000rotor will be greatly reduced and may fall into the frequency conversion operation range to excite\u0000resonance. The deviation of perpendicularity and concentricity will not directly lead to the decrease\u0000of rotor modal but will lead to the increase of bearing stress, aggravate bearing wear, and then affect\u0000the rotor modal. As the inner cylinder only relies on the fixed support at the top, the structure stiffness\u0000is low, which may lead to low-frequency resonance. By adding two support structures at the\u0000guide vane, the first-order modal frequency of the inner cylinder can be increased from 3.29 Hz to\u000028.88 Hz, effectively avoiding the operating frequency range of the system.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The fluid-structure coupling modal of the rotor was calculated based on acoustic method, and the difference between the dry modal and the fluid structure coupling modal was compared. At the same time, the influence of the rotor perpendicularity, concentricity related installation parameters and bearing wear on the modal was studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study can guide the optimization of similar pump structures.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u00001. The fluid-structure coupling modals of both the rotor and the inner cylinder are much lower than the dry modal. Compared with the dry modal, the first two orders of fluid-structure coupling modals of the rotor are reduced by 8.11%, while the first two orders of fluid-structure coupling modals of ","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138602518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the continuous development of medical robots, they have become a powerful tool for surgery and treatment. A prostate brachytherapy robot is a kind of robot widely used in prostate cancer treatment; its main function is to accurately implant radioactive seeds into prostate tissue to kill cancer cells. Using prostate brachytherapy robots for surgery can reduce damage to surrounding tissue during surgery, thereby reducing the risk of external electrolysis and metastasis of tumor cells. This study aimed to design a prostate brachytherapy robot that is more in line with practical usage needs, based on the method of manually performing prostate brachytherapy surgery in clinical practice. Finally, its feasibility has been demonstrated through brachytherapy experiments. This article aims to improve and design a prostate brachytherapy robot that is more in line with practical usage needs, based on the method of manually performing prostate brachytherapy surgery in clinical practice. Finally, its feasibility was demonstrated through brachytherapy experiments. Firstly, the actual requirements for prostate particle implantation surgery have been analyzed, which has been followed by reviewing previous literature and patents to determine the design scheme of the robot. Finally, SOLIDWORKS software has been used for mechanical design of the robot, and the control system of the robot has been designed based on Arduino. A robotic arm type prostate particle implantation robot has been successfully designed. We have installed a visual module on the prostate particle implantation robot, which has enabled the robot system to have image transmission monitoring function to assist in the calibration of the puncture position before surgery. Finally, we have employed other sensors to complete the particle implantation experiment, and successfully confirmed its superiority through comparing errors. This work has analyzed and studied the clinical process of prostate particle implantation surgery, and designed a prostate particle implantation robot, including the mechanical design and control system design of the robot. We have also simulated the scene of prostate particle implantation surgery in the human body through particle implantation experiments, and successfully and accurately implanted radioactive particles to the target. The experimental results have proven the feasibility of the robot. We have made improvements in execution efficiency by using a parallelogram-based robotic arm as the representation of the prostate particle implantation robot and equipped it with a visual module. The visual module collects a video stream of the puncture needle's perspective and provides feedback to the control end to assist in the calibration of the puncture position before surgery, greatly reducing the probability of secondary injury to patients.
{"title":"Design and Control of Ultrasound Image-guided Prostatic Brachytherapy\u0000Robot","authors":"Yue Sun, Xuesong Dai, Qihao Yin, Linfeng Ju, Miao Li, Xiaolan Tang","doi":"10.2174/0122127976272524231116192345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976272524231116192345","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000With the continuous development of medical robots, they have become a powerful\u0000tool for surgery and treatment. A prostate brachytherapy robot is a kind of robot widely used in\u0000prostate cancer treatment; its main function is to accurately implant radioactive seeds into prostate tissue\u0000to kill cancer cells. Using prostate brachytherapy robots for surgery can reduce damage to surrounding\u0000tissue during surgery, thereby reducing the risk of external electrolysis and metastasis of tumor cells.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to design a prostate brachytherapy robot that is more in line with practical\u0000usage needs, based on the method of manually performing prostate brachytherapy surgery in clinical\u0000practice. Finally, its feasibility has been demonstrated through brachytherapy experiments.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This article aims to improve and design a prostate brachytherapy robot that is more in line with practical usage needs, based on the method of manually performing prostate brachytherapy surgery in clinical practice. Finally, its feasibility was demonstrated through brachytherapy experiments.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Firstly, the actual requirements for prostate particle implantation surgery have been analyzed,\u0000which has been followed by reviewing previous literature and patents to determine the design\u0000scheme of the robot. Finally, SOLIDWORKS software has been used for mechanical design of the\u0000robot, and the control system of the robot has been designed based on Arduino.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A robotic arm type prostate particle implantation robot has been successfully designed. We\u0000have installed a visual module on the prostate particle implantation robot, which has enabled the robot\u0000system to have image transmission monitoring function to assist in the calibration of the puncture position\u0000before surgery. Finally, we have employed other sensors to complete the particle implantation\u0000experiment, and successfully confirmed its superiority through comparing errors.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This work has analyzed and studied the clinical process of prostate particle implantation\u0000surgery, and designed a prostate particle implantation robot, including the mechanical design and control\u0000system design of the robot. We have also simulated the scene of prostate particle implantation surgery\u0000in the human body through particle implantation experiments, and successfully and accurately\u0000implanted radioactive particles to the target. The experimental results have proven the feasibility of the\u0000robot. We have made improvements in execution efficiency by using a parallelogram-based robotic\u0000arm as the representation of the prostate particle implantation robot and equipped it with a visual module.\u0000The visual module collects a video stream of the puncture needle's perspective and provides feedback\u0000to the control end to assist in the calibration of the puncture position before surgery, greatly reducing\u0000the probability of secondary injury to patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"84 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138604687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.2174/0122127976270240231116110837
Arukumar S, Sarath M
This research work aimed at the design, simulation, and validation of a lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation. The device can provide regressive gait training for patients suffering from lower limb mobility disorders. People suffering from mobility disorders such as spinal cord injuries and other related diseases are of high proportion. Exoskeletons play a vital role in enhancing the lifestyle of people with disorders. Devices that provide locomotion assistance and help in reducing the burden of therapists through effective and repetitive gait training are in high demand. Exoskeletons are further extended to the fields of the military to enhance the performance of physically able persons. Prototype development of lower limb exoskeletons is too expensive People suffering from mobility disorders, such as spinal cord injuries, and other related diseases are in high proportion. Exoskeletons play a vital role in enhancing the lifestyle of people with disorders. Devices that provide locomotion assistance and help in reducing the burden of therapists through effective and repetitive gait training are in high demand. Exoskeletons have further extended to the fields of the military to enhance the performance of physically abled persons. Prototype development of lower limb exoskeletons is too expensive and many of them are patented. The requirement for this system to perform human trials is subjective to several medical and ethical norms. Thus, there exists a need to evaluate and validate the exoskeleton designs. This research work aims at on the design, simulation, and validation of a lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation In this work, the design has been made inclusive of different body shapes and sizes. The device has been modeled in SOLIDWORKS and its structural integrity has been analyzed using the ANSYS software. Later, the model has been subjected to environmental assessment and then motion analysis using the ADAMS software. Numerical Simulation The structural integrity analysis has revealed the design to be adequate to carry the applied load as the stresses induced were less than the yield strength of the material. The sustainability analysis showed that LLE made of aluminium alloy had less impact on the environment relative to the other two materials. The structural integrity analysis proves that the proposed design is stable. The sustainability analysis results revealed that, LLE made of aluminium alloy had less impact on the environment compared to the other two materials. The kinematic simulation revealed that, the angular amplitudes, reaction force of right hip and knee joint and contact force between the shoe and ground of the exoskeleton agreed well with experimental findings of literature. The kinematic simulation revealed that the angular amplitudes, the reaction force of the right hip and knee joint, and the contact force between the shoe and the ground of the exoskeleton agreed well with the experimental
{"title":"Design Aspects of Lower Limb Exoskeleton","authors":"Arukumar S, Sarath M","doi":"10.2174/0122127976270240231116110837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976270240231116110837","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This research work aimed at the design, simulation, and validation of a lower limb\u0000exoskeleton for rehabilitation. The device can provide regressive gait training for patients suffering\u0000from lower limb mobility disorders.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000People suffering from mobility disorders such as spinal cord injuries and other related diseases are of high proportion. Exoskeletons play a vital role in enhancing the lifestyle of people with disorders. Devices that provide locomotion assistance and help in reducing the burden of therapists through effective and repetitive gait training are in high demand. Exoskeletons are further extended to the fields of the military to enhance the performance of physically able persons. Prototype development of lower limb exoskeletons is too expensive\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000People suffering from mobility disorders, such as spinal cord injuries, and other related\u0000diseases are in high proportion. Exoskeletons play a vital role in enhancing the lifestyle of people\u0000with disorders. Devices that provide locomotion assistance and help in reducing the burden of therapists\u0000through effective and repetitive gait training are in high demand. Exoskeletons have further extended\u0000to the fields of the military to enhance the performance of physically abled persons. Prototype\u0000development of lower limb exoskeletons is too expensive and many of them are patented. The requirement\u0000for this system to perform human trials is subjective to several medical and ethical norms.\u0000Thus, there exists a need to evaluate and validate the exoskeleton designs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This research work aims at on the design, simulation, and validation of a lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this work, the design has been made inclusive of different body shapes and sizes. The\u0000device has been modeled in SOLIDWORKS and its structural integrity has been analyzed using the\u0000ANSYS software. Later, the model has been subjected to environmental assessment and then motion\u0000analysis using the ADAMS software.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Numerical Simulation\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The structural integrity analysis has revealed the design to be adequate to carry the applied\u0000load as the stresses induced were less than the yield strength of the material. The sustainability\u0000analysis showed that LLE made of aluminium alloy had less impact on the environment relative to\u0000the other two materials.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The structural integrity analysis proves that the proposed design is stable. The sustainability analysis results revealed that, LLE made of aluminium alloy had less impact on the environment compared to the other two materials. The kinematic simulation revealed that, the angular amplitudes, reaction force of right hip and knee joint and contact force between the shoe and ground of the exoskeleton agreed well with experimental findings of literature.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The kinematic simulation revealed that the angular amplitudes, the reaction force of the\u0000right hip and knee joint, and the contact force between the shoe and the ground of the exoskeleton\u0000agreed well with the experimental","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"79 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138604724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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