Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.2174/0122127976316874240702072614
Rohit Vikrant, S. K. Sarangi
A Smart Functionally Graded (SFG) porous beam is a Functionally Graded (FG) Porous beam consisting of a piezo-electric layer integrated on the top layer. This research work addresses the lack of information by examining the bending as well as elastic buckling performance of SFG beams having two distinct Porosity Distributions (PDs). The main purpose of this research work is to study and analyze the bending deflections as well as CBLs of SFG beams with two different PDs, considering various boundary conditions, voltage levels (20V and 100V), and changes in slenderness ratio. The objectives of this work are as follows: to analyze the impact of variations in voltage levels and slenderness ratios on the critical buckling and bending properties of the SFG beam and to showcase the effect of variation in the slenderness ratio on the dimensionless normal stress through the thickness of the Hinge-Hinge beam. The research work analyzes the elastic buckling as well as static bending of Smart Functionally Graded (SFG) porous beams, considering the equations derived from the Timoshenko beam theory. To simulate the results and analyze the various effects, the ANSYS software has been utilized in this paper. This research work examines how the slenderness ratio impacts the maximum deflection, CBL, along with stress distribution. Experimental data demonstrates that as the slenderness ratio increases, CBL reduces, and maximum deflections in SFG porous beams increase. Also, it has been observed that normal stress distribution shifts from linear to non-linear and changes significantly. Further, the PDs significantly affect the static bending as well as the buckling performance of the beam. The symmetric distribution pattern provides superior buckling capability and enhanced bending resistance compared to the unsymmetric distribution pattern. Additionally, it has been found that as the voltage across the SFG increases, the buckling load increases and the deflection of the beam decreases. This research work has analyzed the effects of slenderness ratio and voltage level on the Critical Buckling Load (CBL) and bending properties of SFG porous beams, considering four different boundary conditions and a fixed set of parameters. The key findings of this paper are that as the slenderness ratio increases, the CBL decreases, and distribution shifts from linear to nonlinear region. Changes are significant, whereas maximum deflection increases. A significant effect is observed in the performance of static bending and buckling of SFG beams. It has been investigated that with an increase in voltage across the SFG beam, the buckling load increases, whereas the maximum deflection of the beam decreases.
{"title":"Analysis of Elastic Buckling and Static Bending Properties of Smart Functionally Graded Porous Beam","authors":"Rohit Vikrant, S. K. Sarangi","doi":"10.2174/0122127976316874240702072614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976316874240702072614","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A Smart Functionally Graded (SFG) porous beam is a Functionally Graded (FG) Porous beam consisting of a piezo-electric layer integrated on the top layer.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This research work addresses the lack of information by examining the bending as well as\u0000elastic buckling performance of SFG beams having two distinct Porosity Distributions (PDs). The\u0000main purpose of this research work is to study and analyze the bending deflections as well as CBLs\u0000of SFG beams with two different PDs, considering various boundary conditions, voltage levels\u0000(20V and 100V), and changes in slenderness ratio.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objectives of this work are as follows: to analyze the impact of variations in voltage\u0000levels and slenderness ratios on the critical buckling and bending properties of the SFG beam and to\u0000showcase the effect of variation in the slenderness ratio on the dimensionless normal stress through\u0000the thickness of the Hinge-Hinge beam.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The research work analyzes the elastic buckling as well as static bending of Smart Functionally Graded (SFG) porous beams, considering the equations derived from the Timoshenko\u0000beam theory. To simulate the results and analyze the various effects, the ANSYS software has been\u0000utilized in this paper.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This research work examines how the slenderness ratio impacts the maximum deflection,\u0000CBL, along with stress distribution. Experimental data demonstrates that as the slenderness ratio\u0000increases, CBL reduces, and maximum deflections in SFG porous beams increase. Also, it has been\u0000observed that normal stress distribution shifts from linear to non-linear and changes significantly.\u0000Further, the PDs significantly affect the static bending as well as the buckling performance of the\u0000beam. The symmetric distribution pattern provides superior buckling capability and enhanced bending resistance compared to the unsymmetric distribution pattern. Additionally, it has been found\u0000that as the voltage across the SFG increases, the buckling load increases and the deflection of the\u0000beam decreases.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This research work has analyzed the effects of slenderness ratio and voltage level on\u0000the Critical Buckling Load (CBL) and bending properties of SFG porous beams, considering four\u0000different boundary conditions and a fixed set of parameters. The key findings of this paper are that\u0000as the slenderness ratio increases, the CBL decreases, and distribution shifts from linear to nonlinear region. Changes are significant, whereas maximum deflection increases. A significant effect is\u0000observed in the performance of static bending and buckling of SFG beams. It has been investigated\u0000that with an increase in voltage across the SFG beam, the buckling load increases, whereas the\u0000maximum deflection of the beam decreases.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":" 836","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The advent of Industry 4.0 has highlighted the importance of spur gears in power transmission across the automotive, aerospace, and marine industries. However, these gears are susceptible to failure due to bending and contact stresses from fatigue. Designing an involute gear profile presents challenges, particularly in managing tooth root stresses and avoiding interference. This study tackles these issues through comprehensive stress analysis, using modeling and FEM assessment. The focus is on evaluating bending stresses at critical locations and identifying strategies to reduce stress concentrations at the gear tooth root. By enhancing gear robustness, this research could contribute to potential patents in gear technology. Spur gears are crucial for power transmission but often fail due to fatigue-induced stresses and design challenges at the tooth root. This study aims to address spur gear design challenges through comprehensive stress analysis, using modeling and FEM to assess bending stresses and explore strategies to reduce stress concentrations at the tooth root. The research uses SolidWorks and ANSYS for FEM analysis, focusing on bending stresses and exploring modifications in gear design using various materials for optimization. The analysis shows strategic modifications to the gear's fillet radius and addendum can reduce stress at the tooth root by 38.26%, with stainless steel being the optimal material for enhanced gear strength. The study emphasizes strategic adjustments in fillet radius and addendum to reduce stress in spur gears, highlighting stainless steel's superior performance for optimized design and enhanced strength.
工业 4.0 的到来凸显了正齿轮在汽车、航空航天和船舶工业动力传输中的重要性。然而，这些齿轮很容易因疲劳产生的弯曲和接触应力而失效。设计渐开线齿轮齿廓是一项挑战，尤其是在管理齿根应力和避免干涉方面。本研究通过建模和有限元评估进行综合应力分析来解决这些问题。重点是评估关键位置的弯曲应力，并确定减少齿轮齿根应力集中的策略。本研究旨在通过全面的应力分析，利用建模和 FEM 评估弯曲应力，并探索减少齿根处应力集中的策略，从而解决正齿轮设计难题。该研究使用 SolidWorks 和 ANSYS 进行有限元分析，重点关注弯曲应力，并探索使用各种材料对齿轮设计进行修改以实现优化。分析表明，对齿轮圆角半径和增量进行战略性修改可将齿根处的应力降低 38.26%，而不锈钢是增强齿轮强度的最佳材料。
{"title":"Optimizing Structural Steel Spur Gear Design for Reduced Stress\u0000Concentrations in Industry 4.0 Using Finite Element Analysis","authors":"A. Agrawal, Shahazad Ali, Naveen Mani Tripathi, Rajeev Kumar, Pulkit Srivastava","doi":"10.2174/0122127976309163240620080241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976309163240620080241","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The advent of Industry 4.0 has highlighted the importance of spur gears in power transmission across the automotive, aerospace, and marine industries. However, these gears are susceptible to failure due to bending and contact stresses from fatigue. Designing an involute gear profile\u0000presents challenges, particularly in managing tooth root stresses and avoiding interference. This\u0000study tackles these issues through comprehensive stress analysis, using modeling and FEM assessment. The focus is on evaluating bending stresses at critical locations and identifying strategies to\u0000reduce stress concentrations at the gear tooth root. By enhancing gear robustness, this research\u0000could contribute to potential patents in gear technology.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Spur gears are crucial for power transmission but often fail due to fatigue-induced\u0000stresses and design challenges at the tooth root.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aims to address spur gear design challenges through comprehensive stress\u0000analysis, using modeling and FEM to assess bending stresses and explore strategies to reduce stress\u0000concentrations at the tooth root.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The research uses SolidWorks and ANSYS for FEM analysis, focusing on bending\u0000stresses and exploring modifications in gear design using various materials for optimization.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The analysis shows strategic modifications to the gear's fillet radius and addendum can reduce stress at the tooth root by 38.26%, with stainless steel being the optimal material for enhanced\u0000gear strength.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study emphasizes strategic adjustments in fillet radius and addendum to reduce\u0000stress in spur gears, highlighting stainless steel's superior performance for optimized design and enhanced strength.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dual-fuel diesel engines using hydrogen as a secondary fuel source are a promising technology for reducing emissions while maintaining engine performance. However, optimizing these engines for all three aspects (performance, emissions, and vibration) simultaneously presents a challenge. This study aimed to address this challenge by employing Response Surface Methodology, a statistical technique used to optimize multi-variable processes. The goal was to find the ideal combination of engine load, hydrogen flow rate, and compression ratio that would maximize Brake Thermal Efficiency while minimizing Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption, Nitrogen Oxide emissions, and engine vibration. A Box-Behnken design, a specific type of design optimization with three factors and three levels, was employed. The experiment evaluated the impact of three key factors: engine load (ranging from 0 - 12 kg), hydrogen flow rate (0-15 L/min), and compression ratio (16 to 18:1). The effects of these factors on performance, emissions, and vibration were measured. The results revealed a trade-off between achieving optimal performance and minimizing emissions. The highest Brake Thermal Efficiency and lowest Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption were achieved at a high compression ratio (18:1), maximum hydrogen flow rate (15 L/min), and under full engine load (12 kg), corresponding to a brake power of 3.5 kW. However, these conditions also resulted in higher NOx emissions and vibration levels. Conversely, minimizing NOx and vibration occurred at a lower compression ratio (16:1), with the same maximum hydrogen flow rate (15 L/min), but at a significantly reduced engine load (3 kg), resulting in a much lower brake power of 0.875 kW. These findings highlight the complex relationship between performance, emissions, and vibration in a hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine optimized using Response Surface Methodology. While optimal conditions were identified for specific goals, achieving all desired characteristics simultaneously across the entire operating range remains a challenge.
{"title":"Optimization of Performance, Emissions, and Vibration in a\u0000Hydrogen-Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine Using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Subani Shaik, Vinay Kumar Domakonda, Farooq Shaik, Anil Kumar T Ch","doi":"10.2174/0122127976322070240621095449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976322070240621095449","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Dual-fuel diesel engines using hydrogen as a secondary fuel source are a\u0000promising technology for reducing emissions while maintaining engine performance. However, optimizing these engines for all three aspects (performance, emissions, and vibration) simultaneously\u0000presents a challenge.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to address this challenge by employing Response Surface Methodology, a statistical technique used to optimize multi-variable processes. The goal was to find the ideal\u0000combination of engine load, hydrogen flow rate, and compression ratio that would maximize Brake\u0000Thermal Efficiency while minimizing Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption, Nitrogen Oxide emissions, and engine vibration.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A Box-Behnken design, a specific type of design optimization with three factors and three\u0000levels, was employed. The experiment evaluated the impact of three key factors: engine load (ranging from 0 - 12 kg), hydrogen flow rate (0-15 L/min), and compression ratio (16 to 18:1). The effects of these factors on performance, emissions, and vibration were measured.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results revealed a trade-off between achieving optimal performance and minimizing\u0000emissions. The highest Brake Thermal Efficiency and lowest Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption\u0000were achieved at a high compression ratio (18:1), maximum hydrogen flow rate (15 L/min), and\u0000under full engine load (12 kg), corresponding to a brake power of 3.5 kW. However, these conditions also resulted in higher NOx emissions and vibration levels. Conversely, minimizing NOx and\u0000vibration occurred at a lower compression ratio (16:1), with the same maximum hydrogen flow rate\u0000(15 L/min), but at a significantly reduced engine load (3 kg), resulting in a much lower brake power\u0000of 0.875 kW.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000These findings highlight the complex relationship between performance, emissions,\u0000and vibration in a hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine optimized using Response Surface Methodology. While optimal conditions were identified for specific goals, achieving all desired characteristics\u0000simultaneously across the entire operating range remains a challenge.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to analyze the accuracy of single- and double-diode models in predicting the electrical parameters of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells as described in relevant patents under various operating conditions. This study obtained and analyzed experimental and theoretical values of the relevant electrical parameters of solar cells through a combination of experimental research and theoretical model calculations. The results indicated that the root mean square error of the short-circuit current decreased from 0.21 at 400 W/m² to 0.11 at 1000 W/m². The temperature of the two precision cut-off points for the open-circuit voltage in the single- and double-diode models increased from 34°C and 64°C at 400 W/m² to 39°C and 72°C at 1000 W/m². Additionally, for peak power and conversion efficiency, the precision cut-off temperatures of the single- and double-diode models were 56°C, 68°C, and 77°C at 400 W/m², 600 W/m², and 800 W/m², respectively. The theoretical values of the short-circuit current exceeded the corresponding experimental values. The single- and double-diode models for open-circuit voltage exhibited two accuracy cut-off points, with the single-diode model demonstrating greater accuracy within this temperature range. Similarly, the peak power and conversion efficiency models for single- and double-diodes have an accuracy cut-off point, with the double-diode model performing better at higher temperatures.
{"title":"Influence of Cell Temperature on Theoretical Properties of InGaP/\u0000InGaAs/Ge Triple-Junction Concentrated Solar Cells","authors":"Zhiqiang Song, Zilong Wang, Hua Zhang, Weidong Wu, Binlin Dou, Ziao Tian, Changqing Hu, Qian Jin","doi":"10.2174/0122127976281400231211113923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976281400231211113923","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This study aims to analyze the accuracy of single- and double-diode models in predicting the electrical parameters of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells as described in relevant patents under various operating conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study obtained and analyzed experimental and theoretical values of the relevant electrical parameters of solar cells through a combination of experimental research and theoretical model\u0000calculations.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results indicated that the root mean square error of the short-circuit current decreased\u0000from 0.21 at 400 W/m² to 0.11 at 1000 W/m². The temperature of the two precision cut-off points for\u0000the open-circuit voltage in the single- and double-diode models increased from 34°C and 64°C at\u0000400 W/m² to 39°C and 72°C at 1000 W/m². Additionally, for peak power and conversion efficiency,\u0000the precision cut-off temperatures of the single- and double-diode models were 56°C, 68°C, and\u000077°C at 400 W/m², 600 W/m², and 800 W/m², respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The theoretical values of the short-circuit current exceeded the corresponding experimental values. The single- and double-diode models for open-circuit voltage exhibited two accuracy\u0000cut-off points, with the single-diode model demonstrating greater accuracy within this temperature\u0000range. Similarly, the peak power and conversion efficiency models for single- and double-diodes\u0000have an accuracy cut-off point, with the double-diode model performing better at higher temperatures.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141705063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.2174/0122127976300859240409044842
H. Mastrisiswadi, Wangi Pandan Sari, A. Tontowi, Herianto
The soft pneumatic actuator is a technology in the robotics field driven by pneumatic power. Further, the problems in complicated fabrication processes can now be overcome with new technologies, such as additive manufacturing. Thus, the number of patent documents will also continue to increase. For this reason, a patent analysis is needed to help researchers map the direction of the research to be carried out. By analyzing existing patents, unnecessary investment in technology can be avoided as early as possible. Thus, this article aimed to find updates and gaps in existing patents. The patent analysis in this study used the systematic literature review method, which started with identifying, screening, and determining the patents being reviewed. In the early stages, 114 patents were obtained, and after screening, 18 patents related to the soft pneumatic actuator were obtained, divided into six families. Patents related to the existing soft pneumatic actuator are more directed to robotics and wearable devices. Hence, the current patent gap is still very wide open regarding fabrication, geometric shapes, and its application in other fields. Research gaps were obtained related to fabrication technology, geometric shapes, and applications in fields other than robotics and wearable devices that are still very wide open for development and patent registration to advanced technology.
{"title":"Patent Analysis of Soft Pneumatic Actuators: A Systematic Literature\u0000Review","authors":"H. Mastrisiswadi, Wangi Pandan Sari, A. Tontowi, Herianto","doi":"10.2174/0122127976300859240409044842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976300859240409044842","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The soft pneumatic actuator is a technology in the robotics field driven by\u0000pneumatic power. Further, the problems in complicated fabrication processes can now be overcome\u0000with new technologies, such as additive manufacturing. Thus, the number of patent documents will\u0000also continue to increase. For this reason, a patent analysis is needed to help researchers map the direction\u0000of the research to be carried out.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000By analyzing existing patents, unnecessary investment in technology can be avoided as\u0000early as possible. Thus, this article aimed to find updates and gaps in existing patents.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The patent analysis in this study used the systematic literature review method, which started\u0000with identifying, screening, and determining the patents being reviewed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In the early stages, 114 patents were obtained, and after screening, 18 patents related to the\u0000soft pneumatic actuator were obtained, divided into six families. Patents related to the existing soft\u0000pneumatic actuator are more directed to robotics and wearable devices. Hence, the current patent\u0000gap is still very wide open regarding fabrication, geometric shapes, and its application in other\u0000fields.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Research gaps were obtained related to fabrication technology, geometric shapes, and\u0000applications in fields other than robotics and wearable devices that are still very wide open for development\u0000and patent registration to advanced technology.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.2174/0122127976315329240424101230
Vishwesh Mishra, Piyush Singhal
During severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing, aluminum alloys exhibit moderate strength and ductility. Nevertheless, the materials' ductility, as determined by tensile testing, does not accurately represent their capacity for plastic deformation. After the tensile test, its material, aluminum alloy 5083, was observed to be super ductile. The results of a more thorough plasticity analysis—applied for the first time to material following SPD processing—are presented in this paper. The aluminum alloy 5083 is examined in the patent both before and after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). A highly effective aluminum alloy 5083 specimen preparation was suggested. Under heated temperatures, the process involves severe plastic deformation. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for micro-structural research in order to look at the distribution of second-phase particles and the evolution of grain structure. Furthermore, Vickers micro-hardness testing was utilized to assess the mechanical characteristics of the alloy after processing. The outcomes showed that after ECAP processing, there was a significant decrease in grain size and an increase in micro-hardness. Additionally, the production of a finer microstructure with a more uniform distribution of strengthening precipitates was clarified by electron microscopy (SEM). The micro-structural evolution and mechanical behavior of aluminum alloy 5083 under ECAP are well-explained in this patent, which may lead to improved performance in structural applications. This method can be used to forecast fractures in plastic deformation processes and estimate the final plasticity of the materials for various stress-strain states after ECAP processing, as well as the mechanical properties discussed. Due to its unique mechanical qualities, aluminum alloy 5083 shows great potential in a variety of structural applications. The effects of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on the hardness and microstructure of aluminum alloy 5083 were examined in this patent work. The specimen's mechanical characteristics are at their finest following a single deformation when the temperature reaches 300°C. Compared to the original specimen, the tensile strength observed enhanced after the fourth pass, and breaking elongation (28.3%) was improved. Through second-phase strengthening and fine-tuning, the recrystallized grains and second-phase particles increase the material's strength.
{"title":"Influence of Equal Channel Angular Pressing Technique on Mechanical Properties, Corrosion Resistance, and Microstructural Behavior of Al-Alloy 5083","authors":"Vishwesh Mishra, Piyush Singhal","doi":"10.2174/0122127976315329240424101230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976315329240424101230","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000During severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing, aluminum alloys exhibit\u0000moderate strength and ductility. Nevertheless, the materials' ductility, as determined by tensile\u0000testing, does not accurately represent their capacity for plastic deformation. After the tensile test, its\u0000material, aluminum alloy 5083, was observed to be super ductile.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results of a more thorough plasticity analysis—applied for the first time to material\u0000following SPD processing—are presented in this paper. The aluminum alloy 5083 is examined in\u0000the patent both before and after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). A highly effective aluminum\u0000alloy 5083 specimen preparation was suggested. Under heated temperatures, the process involves\u0000severe plastic deformation. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)\u0000were used for micro-structural research in order to look at the distribution of second-phase particles\u0000and the evolution of grain structure. Furthermore, Vickers micro-hardness testing was utilized to assess\u0000the mechanical characteristics of the alloy after processing. The outcomes showed that after\u0000ECAP processing, there was a significant decrease in grain size and an increase in micro-hardness.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Additionally, the production of a finer microstructure with a more uniform distribution of\u0000strengthening precipitates was clarified by electron microscopy (SEM). The micro-structural evolution\u0000and mechanical behavior of aluminum alloy 5083 under ECAP are well-explained in this patent,\u0000which may lead to improved performance in structural applications. This method can be used\u0000to forecast fractures in plastic deformation processes and estimate the final plasticity of the materials\u0000for various stress-strain states after ECAP processing, as well as the mechanical properties discussed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Due to its unique mechanical qualities, aluminum alloy 5083 shows great potential in a\u0000variety of structural applications. The effects of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on the\u0000hardness and microstructure of aluminum alloy 5083 were examined in this patent work.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The specimen's mechanical characteristics are at their finest following a single deformation when the temperature reaches 300°C. Compared to the original specimen, the tensile strength observed enhanced after the fourth pass, and breaking elongation (28.3%) was improved. Through second-phase strengthening and fine-tuning, the recrystallized grains and second-phase particles increase the material's strength.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.2174/0122127976287776240426105333
Jishu Guo
By referring and combining existing mechanical design ideas of some series configuration VSJs with good stiffness adjustment mechanism schemes, a novel series configuration VSJ based on an equivalent lever mechanism and relying on adjusting the position of the lever pivot to change joint stiffness has been implemented through CAD drawing, 3D printing, and assembly. Due to the wide movable range of the lever pivot, the designed VSJ has a wide adjustable range of stiffness. Moreover, assembly design and modular design have been achieved in terms of elastic output and power transmission, for easy installation and maintenance. The movability and stiffness adjustability of the designed VSJ were preliminarily verified through manual adjustment. The assembly model of the VSJ demonstrates the feasibility of structural design. The stiffness adjustment experiment showed the variable stiffness ability of the designed VSJ.
{"title":"Mechanical Design of Variable Stiffness Joint Based on Planetary Gear\u0000Train and Modular Elastic Element","authors":"Jishu Guo","doi":"10.2174/0122127976287776240426105333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976287776240426105333","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000By referring and combining existing mechanical design ideas of some series configuration\u0000VSJs with good stiffness adjustment mechanism schemes, a novel series configuration VSJ\u0000based on an equivalent lever mechanism and relying on adjusting the position of the lever pivot to\u0000change joint stiffness has been implemented through CAD drawing, 3D printing, and assembly.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Due to the wide movable range of the lever pivot, the designed VSJ has a wide adjustable\u0000range of stiffness. Moreover, assembly design and modular design have been achieved in terms of\u0000elastic output and power transmission, for easy installation and maintenance. The movability and\u0000stiffness adjustability of the designed VSJ were preliminarily verified through manual adjustment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The assembly model of the VSJ demonstrates the feasibility of structural design. The\u0000stiffness adjustment experiment showed the variable stiffness ability of the designed VSJ.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.2174/0122127976300871240424113630
Wenqing Lv, Huiming Yao
The traditional chord reference method and its device have faced challenges matching the sharp curve track. Thus, it is of utmost importance to research and develop a measurement device and method that can obtain accurate and comprehensive information regarding rail running band corrugation. It provides a solution for the measurement of the multi-point chord reference method on sharply curved rails and, at the same time, meets the demand for data richness and accuracy in theoretical studies on the causes of rail corrugation and wheel-rail contact relationships. This paper aims to research and design a measurement device based on the multi-point chord reference method for the rail running band corrugation. Meanwhile, the error in measuring the sharp curve rail is corrected and verified by simulation. The lateral information of rail running band is obtained by using a line laser profile sensor; the rail corrugation measurement model and error correction model of the rail running band area are established based on multi-point reference system; the simulation of the system model is carried out using Matlab; and the mechanical structure is built for static testing. The measurement model based on the profile sensor and multi-point chord reference system can accurately obtain the rail corrugation waveform of any longitudinal measurement line in the running band area. The measurement results can be accurately corrected for a radius of 200m- 400m, the error parameters can be effectively improved, and the mechanical mechanism of the measurement system runs stably. The results show that the measurement model can accurately measure the rail corrugation of the sharp curve section, and the multi-waveform in the rail running band area has good measurement performance, but the mechanical structure can be optimized and improved in the light weight.
{"title":"An Improved Multi-point Chord Reference Measurement Device and Error Correction Method for Corrugation Measuring in Sharp Curves","authors":"Wenqing Lv, Huiming Yao","doi":"10.2174/0122127976300871240424113630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976300871240424113630","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The traditional chord reference method and its device have faced challenges\u0000matching the sharp curve track. Thus, it is of utmost importance to research and develop a measurement\u0000device and method that can obtain accurate and comprehensive information regarding rail\u0000running band corrugation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000It provides a solution for the measurement of the multi-point chord reference method on\u0000sharply curved rails and, at the same time, meets the demand for data richness and accuracy in theoretical\u0000studies on the causes of rail corrugation and wheel-rail contact relationships.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This paper aims to research and design a measurement device based on the multi-point\u0000chord reference method for the rail running band corrugation. Meanwhile, the error in measuring\u0000the sharp curve rail is corrected and verified by simulation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The lateral information of rail running band is obtained by using a line laser profile sensor;\u0000the rail corrugation measurement model and error correction model of the rail running band area\u0000are established based on multi-point reference system; the simulation of the system model is carried\u0000out using Matlab; and the mechanical structure is built for static testing.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The measurement model based on the profile sensor and multi-point chord reference system\u0000can accurately obtain the rail corrugation waveform of any longitudinal measurement line in\u0000the running band area. The measurement results can be accurately corrected for a radius of 200m-\u0000400m, the error parameters can be effectively improved, and the mechanical mechanism of the\u0000measurement system runs stably.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results show that the measurement model can accurately measure the rail corrugation\u0000of the sharp curve section, and the multi-waveform in the rail running band area has good\u0000measurement performance, but the mechanical structure can be optimized and improved in the light\u0000weight.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140995147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.2174/0122127976294622240314042341
Haigang Zhang, Ming Yin, Haoqiang Zhou, Song Zeng, Zizhuo Wang, Junpeng Xu, Bulai Wang, Jinbai Zou
Railroad transportation in the actual operation process, there are also many dangerous accidents caused by resonance, which greatly affect the safety of railroad transportation. A comprehensive examination of the operational dynamics within the power branch of a traction substation is imperative for sustaining system equilibrium. Discrepancies between these facets pose a potential threat to the safety of railway transport. Thus, a meticulous analysis of highfrequency resonance characteristics and the formulation of effective suppression techniques become paramount. Harmonics from grid-side locomotive traction braking are scrutinized under different operational scenarios and different train runs. The aim is to develop an effective harmonic management strategy to normalize the THD and thus maintain the traction power supply system to become more stable. This study investigates the high-frequency harmonic resonance characteristics using a control variable approach. Harmonics and negative sequences generated during locomotive traction braking under different operating conditions are investigated by means of extensive analysis. These challenges require the implementation of a harmonic management method. This method uses a combination of two monotonic filters and a C filter in parallel. This method applies to different operating conditions and can dynamically adapt harmonics to changes in the number of trains, which is related to the actual dynamics of the traction power system closely. A comparative evaluation of seven operating conditions shows that the filter in this patent exceeds the efficiency of existing methods. The filter reduces the fluctuations during spectral changes, and the voltage distortion rate decreases from the previous 2.33% to 0.55%, making it more adaptable and promising effective harmonic management in high voltage and high current situations. Through multiple simulation tests, a synergistic configuration involving the C-type filter and two single-tuned parallel connections under regenerative braking conditions emerges. This refined, patented filter design not only mitigates the impact of negative sequence during the filtration process but also substantially diminishes high harmonics and THD.
铁路运输在实际运行过程中，也存在很多因共振而引发的危险事故，极大地影响了铁路运输的安全。要想维持系统的平衡，就必须对牵引变电所动力分支内部的运行动态进行全面检查。对牵引变电站电力分支内部的运行动态进行全面检查是维持系统平衡的当务之急，这些方面的差异对铁路运输安全构成了潜在威胁。因此，对高频共振特性进行细致分析并制定有效的抑制技术就显得尤为重要。本研究采用控制变量方法研究了高频谐波共振特性。通过大量分析，研究了机车牵引制动时在不同运行条件下产生的谐波和负序。这些挑战要求实施一种谐波管理方法。这种方法采用两个单调滤波器和一个 C 滤波器并联的组合。这种方法适用于不同的运行条件，可以根据列车数量的变化动态调整谐波，这与牵引供电系统的实际动态密切相关。对七种运行条件的比较评估表明，本专利中的滤波器超过了现有方法的效率。滤波器降低了频谱变化时的波动，电压畸变率也从之前的 2.33% 降至 0.55%，使其适应性更强，有望在高电压和大电流条件下实现有效的谐波管理。通过多次仿真测试，在再生制动条件下，C 型滤波器和两个单谐并联的协同配置出现了。
{"title":"High-frequency Resonance Suppression of Railway Traction Power Supply\u0000System Based on the Combination of Single-tuned and C-type Filters","authors":"Haigang Zhang, Ming Yin, Haoqiang Zhou, Song Zeng, Zizhuo Wang, Junpeng Xu, Bulai Wang, Jinbai Zou","doi":"10.2174/0122127976294622240314042341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976294622240314042341","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Railroad transportation in the actual operation process, there are also\u0000many dangerous accidents caused by resonance, which greatly affect the safety of railroad transportation.\u0000A comprehensive examination of the operational dynamics within the power branch of a\u0000traction substation is imperative for sustaining system equilibrium. Discrepancies between these\u0000facets pose a potential threat to the safety of railway transport. Thus, a meticulous analysis of highfrequency\u0000resonance characteristics and the formulation of effective suppression techniques become\u0000paramount.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Harmonics from grid-side locomotive traction braking are scrutinized under different\u0000operational scenarios and different train runs. The aim is to develop an effective harmonic management\u0000strategy to normalize the THD and thus maintain the traction power supply system to become\u0000more stable.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study investigates the high-frequency harmonic resonance characteristics using a\u0000control variable approach. Harmonics and negative sequences generated during locomotive traction\u0000braking under different operating conditions are investigated by means of extensive analysis. These\u0000challenges require the implementation of a harmonic management method. This method uses a\u0000combination of two monotonic filters and a C filter in parallel. This method applies to different operating\u0000conditions and can dynamically adapt harmonics to changes in the number of trains, which\u0000is related to the actual dynamics of the traction power system closely.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A comparative evaluation of seven operating conditions shows that the filter in this patent\u0000exceeds the efficiency of existing methods. The filter reduces the fluctuations during spectral\u0000changes, and the voltage distortion rate decreases from the previous 2.33% to 0.55%, making it\u0000more adaptable and promising effective harmonic management in high voltage and high current\u0000situations.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Through multiple simulation tests, a synergistic configuration involving the C-type\u0000filter and two single-tuned parallel connections under regenerative braking conditions emerges.\u0000This refined, patented filter design not only mitigates the impact of negative sequence during the\u0000filtration process but also substantially diminishes high harmonics and THD.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39169,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering","volume":" 87","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140685045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：