Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.21-00072
Rowan Ellis, Anu Karippal
{"title":"Child-centred methods for school-based WASH interventions: co-creating sanitation research and interventions for and with children","authors":"Rowan Ellis, Anu Karippal","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.21-00072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.21-00072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48444478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.2022.41-3ed
R. Carter
{"title":"Waterlines – the final editorial","authors":"R. Carter","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.2022.41-3ed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2022.41-3ed","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43607006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.22-00065
L. Sioné, M. R. Templeton, C. Onof, Olivia Jensen, S. Bressan, Sabitri Tripathi
{"title":"Can a citizen-science approach to collecting data assist the management of intermittent water supply in low-income and data-scarce settings?","authors":"L. Sioné, M. R. Templeton, C. Onof, Olivia Jensen, S. Bressan, Sabitri Tripathi","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.22-00065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.22-00065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48190667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.22-00662
Brighton A., David Mkwambisi, Cassandra L., F. L., Rochelle H.
{"title":"Educating sanitation professionals: moving from STEM to specialist training in higher education in Malawi","authors":"Brighton A., David Mkwambisi, Cassandra L., F. L., Rochelle H.","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.22-00662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.22-00662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44603583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.21-00017
P. Pradhan, M. Khadka, B. van Koppen, Vishnu Prasad Pandey
: Successful community institutions in the global South, which are contributing to livelihoods’ improvement while conserving water and other natural resources, can sustainably build the resilience that policy makers at different tiers are seeking. This article assesses different models of community institutions in Nepal in governing water resources from various lenses, based on Ostrom’s and others’ design principles, including bricolage. Illustrated by three empirical cases, it analyses key features of community institutions in integrated water governance, their contributions to health, nutrition, food security, and environmental conservation, and ways for empowering these institutions as viable and sustainable solutions to address various livelihood challenges. However, inequalities along gender, caste, and ethnicity lines persist. We argue that the recently established local governments under the federal system in Nepal provide new opportunities for gender and social inclusion.
{"title":"Community institutions in water governance for sustainable livelihoods","authors":"P. Pradhan, M. Khadka, B. van Koppen, Vishnu Prasad Pandey","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.21-00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.21-00017","url":null,"abstract":": Successful community institutions in the global South, which are contributing to livelihoods’ improvement while conserving water and other natural resources, can sustainably build the resilience that policy makers at different tiers are seeking. This article assesses different models of community institutions in Nepal in governing water resources from various lenses, based on Ostrom’s and others’ design principles, including bricolage. Illustrated by three empirical cases, it analyses key features of community institutions in integrated water governance, their contributions to health, nutrition, food security, and environmental conservation, and ways for empowering these institutions as viable and sustainable solutions to address various livelihood challenges. However, inequalities along gender, caste, and ethnicity lines persist. We argue that the recently established local governments under the federal system in Nepal provide new opportunities for gender and social inclusion.","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47747758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.21-00062
J. Kohlitz
{"title":"Assessing climate impacts on gender and socially inclusive WASH: lessons from a research-practice project","authors":"J. Kohlitz","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.21-00062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.21-00062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41874243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.2022.41-2ed
Richard C. Carter
{"title":"Editorial: Statistics matter, but people matter more","authors":"Richard C. Carter","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.2022.41-2ed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2022.41-2ed","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42436107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.21-00016
W. Ingram, P. Thomson
: In much of rural sub-Saharan Africa, households tend to shift water collection during rainfall periods away from cleaner groundwater sources, which they often have to pay for, towards free alternative sources. This increases disease risk and decreases sustainability of service provision. New approaches are needed to incentivize households to maintain clean water use and mitigate this environmental health challenge. We propose a pricing mechanism for ‘water ATMs’ – now possible with their pre-payment and remote monitoring capabilities – derived from measured reductions in collection over rainfall periods. Appropriate price elasticity ranges (−0.5 to −1) and relative risk of diarrhoeal disease from this intervention (0.4 to 0.8) determined from the literature are used to estimate the cost per capita and cost per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted. These are estimated to be between US$5 and 50 per DALY averted in the scenarios studied here, which would compare favourably against other water quality interventions. Cost and value would depend on elasticity of demand and potential health gains across different communities. Considerations for implementation are discussed. The potential for accurate subsidy transfers to service providers is outlined, along with the added resilience to climate change.
{"title":"Incentivizing clean water collection during rainfall to reduce disease in rural sub-Saharan Africa with weather dependent pricing","authors":"W. Ingram, P. Thomson","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.21-00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.21-00016","url":null,"abstract":": In much of rural sub-Saharan Africa, households tend to shift water collection during rainfall periods away from cleaner groundwater sources, which they often have to pay for, towards free alternative sources. This increases disease risk and decreases sustainability of service provision. New approaches are needed to incentivize households to maintain clean water use and mitigate this environmental health challenge. We propose a pricing mechanism for ‘water ATMs’ – now possible with their pre-payment and remote monitoring capabilities – derived from measured reductions in collection over rainfall periods. Appropriate price elasticity ranges (−0.5 to −1) and relative risk of diarrhoeal disease from this intervention (0.4 to 0.8) determined from the literature are used to estimate the cost per capita and cost per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted. These are estimated to be between US$5 and 50 per DALY averted in the scenarios studied here, which would compare favourably against other water quality interventions. Cost and value would depend on elasticity of demand and potential health gains across different communities. Considerations for implementation are discussed. The potential for accurate subsidy transfers to service providers is outlined, along with the added resilience to climate change.","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43163837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: This study examines how Samoa improved the capacity of Samoa Water Authority (SWA) by implementing integrated cooperation with water utilities in Okinawa Prefecture, and hardware and software development to reduce the high non-revenue water (NRW) ratio and improve water supply quality and inadequate water pressure. Standard operation procedures were formulated to enhance the capacity of SWA. The cooperation method adopted continuous on-the-job training with a bottom-up approach. Consequently, the NRW ratio was reduced from 68 per cent to 36 per cent and water supply with proper pressure was achieved in the targeted area. The quality of the tap water, in which many coliform bacteria were detected before the cooperation, achieved 100 per cent compliance with standards. The cooperation evidenced that improving water services can help users’ understanding of tariff payments, although the water tariff increased for most consumers due to a shift from fixed to metered tariff.
{"title":"Sustainable management of water utility in Samoa through services improvement with Okinawa Water Bureaus","authors":"Ryuji Ogata, Shigeyuki Matsumoto, Motomu Takara, Leiataua Semi Lesa, Keisuke Ujike","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.21-00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.21-00015","url":null,"abstract":": This study examines how Samoa improved the capacity of Samoa Water Authority (SWA) by implementing integrated cooperation with water utilities in Okinawa Prefecture, and hardware and software development to reduce the high non-revenue water (NRW) ratio and improve water supply quality and inadequate water pressure. Standard operation procedures were formulated to enhance the capacity of SWA. The cooperation method adopted continuous on-the-job training with a bottom-up approach. Consequently, the NRW ratio was reduced from 68 per cent to 36 per cent and water supply with proper pressure was achieved in the targeted area. The quality of the tap water, in which many coliform bacteria were detected before the cooperation, achieved 100 per cent compliance with standards. The cooperation evidenced that improving water services can help users’ understanding of tariff payments, although the water tariff increased for most consumers due to a shift from fixed to metered tariff.","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43789394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.21-00012
R. Difilippo, L. Bosher, C. David
: Fresh groundwater lenses on karstic oceanic islands form a vital resource sustaining local populations. However, this resource is susceptible to saltwater intrusion through human drivers (over-abstraction) and natural processes (variable precipitation and storm surges). There is a paucity of means to assess the risks that freshwater lenses are exposed to. This is partly driven by a poor understanding of the root causes of saltwater intrusion, which leads to potentially inappropriate freshwater management strategies. Thus, effective management of these freshwater lenses requires a baseline understanding of the processes that drive saltwater intrusion and the degradation of freshwater lenses, and the temporal and spatial variability of these processes. Dynamics of such freshwater lenses involve an interplay between physical, chemical, and socio-economic processes; therefore, finding a solution necessitates an interdisciplinary approach and a range of data collection strategies. This approach was formalized in a Freshwater Lens Assessment Protocol (FLAP). Results from the research developed and tested on Bantayan Island in the Philippines reveals a sufficient freshwater lens to support the current and projected population; however, local officials are operating abstraction wells from the wrong locations on the island. Such locations are utilized due to ease of access to existing infrastructure and government boundaries, but do not consider technical factors that influence saltwater intrusion. FLAP is an appropriate, cost-effective, interdisciplinary tool that uses a pragmatic approach to data collection, interpretation, and integration into an observational model. Continuous adjustments are possible through ongoing monitoring of the model, offering opportunities to evaluate the efficacy of resource management strategies. compelling island-wide observational model intended to have a positive impact on the management of the freshwater lens. The island-wide observational model, therefore, becomes an island asset. The careful application of appropriate empirical data sets to complement local data sources was intended to minimize any potential uncertainty in the island-wide observational model, providing a complete image of the natural system, with wider utilization of the data sets by stakeholders. The model’s limitations can be attributed to the frequent paucity and incompleteness of regional and local data sources. Despite this, this research provides stakeholders with an island-wide observational model, and guidance on the required data sets to take it forward. effective application as it is informed by local data sets and an understanding of stakeholder attitudes regarding water resources in their communities. The goal of this research was to be translational to local stakeholders to improve capacity and understanding of freshwater lens management. This was demonstrated by the local stakeholder workshops conducted at the close of the research. The
{"title":"Freshwater lens assessment of karst island water resources: towards an interdisciplinary protocol","authors":"R. Difilippo, L. Bosher, C. David","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.21-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.21-00012","url":null,"abstract":": Fresh groundwater lenses on karstic oceanic islands form a vital resource sustaining local populations. However, this resource is susceptible to saltwater intrusion through human drivers (over-abstraction) and natural processes (variable precipitation and storm surges). There is a paucity of means to assess the risks that freshwater lenses are exposed to. This is partly driven by a poor understanding of the root causes of saltwater intrusion, which leads to potentially inappropriate freshwater management strategies. Thus, effective management of these freshwater lenses requires a baseline understanding of the processes that drive saltwater intrusion and the degradation of freshwater lenses, and the temporal and spatial variability of these processes. Dynamics of such freshwater lenses involve an interplay between physical, chemical, and socio-economic processes; therefore, finding a solution necessitates an interdisciplinary approach and a range of data collection strategies. This approach was formalized in a Freshwater Lens Assessment Protocol (FLAP). Results from the research developed and tested on Bantayan Island in the Philippines reveals a sufficient freshwater lens to support the current and projected population; however, local officials are operating abstraction wells from the wrong locations on the island. Such locations are utilized due to ease of access to existing infrastructure and government boundaries, but do not consider technical factors that influence saltwater intrusion. FLAP is an appropriate, cost-effective, interdisciplinary tool that uses a pragmatic approach to data collection, interpretation, and integration into an observational model. Continuous adjustments are possible through ongoing monitoring of the model, offering opportunities to evaluate the efficacy of resource management strategies. compelling island-wide observational model intended to have a positive impact on the management of the freshwater lens. The island-wide observational model, therefore, becomes an island asset. The careful application of appropriate empirical data sets to complement local data sources was intended to minimize any potential uncertainty in the island-wide observational model, providing a complete image of the natural system, with wider utilization of the data sets by stakeholders. The model’s limitations can be attributed to the frequent paucity and incompleteness of regional and local data sources. Despite this, this research provides stakeholders with an island-wide observational model, and guidance on the required data sets to take it forward. effective application as it is informed by local data sets and an understanding of stakeholder attitudes regarding water resources in their communities. The goal of this research was to be translational to local stakeholders to improve capacity and understanding of freshwater lens management. This was demonstrated by the local stakeholder workshops conducted at the close of the research. The","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43799481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：