Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00039
G. V. Medeazza, S. Cavill, J. Fisher
This paper presents the main results from a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in government schools in the State of Palestine (SoP). In 2012 ...
本文介绍了巴勒斯坦国公立学校水、环境卫生和个人卫生知识、态度和实践调查的主要结果。2012年。。。
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Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.2019.38-2ED
R. Carter
In development work, as in many other areas of life, we have a natural human tendency to focus on the one thing – the single highest priority issue, or perhaps the current fashion – without recogni...
{"title":"Editorial: Leave no one behind in rural water services","authors":"R. Carter","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.2019.38-2ED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2019.38-2ED","url":null,"abstract":"In development work, as in many other areas of life, we have a natural human tendency to focus on the one thing – the single highest priority issue, or perhaps the current fashion – without recogni...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42870876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00032
Alejandra Almeida-Velasco, M. Sivakami
The objective of the research was to compare factors associated with menstrual hygiene management (MHM) between urban and rural ever-married women in India, and its effect on reproductive tract inf...
{"title":"Menstrual hygiene management and reproductive tract infections: a comparison between rural and urban India","authors":"Alejandra Almeida-Velasco, M. Sivakami","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00032","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the research was to compare factors associated with menstrual hygiene management (MHM) between urban and rural ever-married women in India, and its effect on reproductive tract inf...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41633941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00033
H. Chaplin, Hugo Legge
Rural water supply interventions in low-resource settings often suffer from poor functionality. The use of technologies and financing approaches, that are out of step with the communities that they...
在资源匮乏的环境中，农村供水干预措施往往功能不佳。技术和融资方式的使用，与他们…
{"title":"Financing and design innovation in rural domestic rainwater harvesting in Madagascar","authors":"H. Chaplin, Hugo Legge","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00033","url":null,"abstract":"Rural water supply interventions in low-resource settings often suffer from poor functionality. The use of technologies and financing approaches, that are out of step with the communities that they...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43298505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00028
W. Ingram, F. Memon
Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are beginning to transform rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa. Such information and communications technologies (ICTs) can facilitate change away from cu...
{"title":"Internet of Things innovation in rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa: a critical assessment of emerging ICT","authors":"W. Ingram, F. Memon","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00028","url":null,"abstract":"Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are beginning to transform rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa. Such information and communications technologies (ICTs) can facilitate change away from cu...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44310394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00014
D. Saywell, J. Crocker
Implementers and researchers are responding to increasingly strong incentives to work together closely. Donors are placing a higher value on data, rigour, and evidence of impact from development as...
{"title":"Process learning on partnerships: building functioning research and practice organizational relationships","authors":"D. Saywell, J. Crocker","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00014","url":null,"abstract":"Implementers and researchers are responding to increasingly strong incentives to work together closely. Donors are placing a higher value on data, rigour, and evidence of impact from development as...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49508269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00018
E. Burnet, J. Rudge
The objective of this review is to identify sanitation failures that have contributed to the occurrence of diarrhoeal disease outbreaks among displaced populations living in camps. Three electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health) and reference lists were searched for peer-reviewed literature using a systematic approach. Articles published since 1960 describing both diarrhoeal disease outbreaks and sanitation characteristics in camps hosting displaced populations were included. Evidence linking outbreaks to sanitation-related factors was synthesized and critically appraised. The search yielded 608 articles, of which 12 met inclusion criteria. They described cholera and shigellosis outbreaks occurring in 21 different camps between 1974 and 2009. Recurring contributing factors across outbreaks included a sudden population influx, inadequate provision or maintenance of latrines, sudden rains, and insufficient safe water quantities. Most studies were descriptive only or did not consider sanitation-related exposures in risk factor analyses. However, two case-control studies found that cases were significantly more likely than controls to share latrines with several households. Two other case-control studies identified an increased risk of infection from exposure to drinking contaminated river or shallow well water. Evidence from previous outbreak investigations illustrates how sanitation failures, particularly following population influxes, can contribute to the occurrence of diarrhoeal disease outbreaks in refugee camps. Further development and application of sanitation assessment tools and metrics would enable more robust evaluation of risks associated with specific sanitation-related exposures and the effectiveness of interventions. Recent guidelines address the identified risk factors but stakeholders should be aware of the impact of population dynamics.
{"title":"Diarrhoeal disease outbreaks associated with sanitation provision failures in refugee camps worldwide: a literature review","authors":"E. Burnet, J. Rudge","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00018","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this review is to identify sanitation failures that have contributed to the occurrence of diarrhoeal disease outbreaks among displaced populations living in camps. Three electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health) and reference lists were searched for peer-reviewed literature using a systematic approach. Articles published since 1960 describing both diarrhoeal disease outbreaks and sanitation characteristics in camps hosting displaced populations were included. Evidence linking outbreaks to sanitation-related factors was synthesized and critically appraised. The search yielded 608 articles, of which 12 met inclusion criteria. They described cholera and shigellosis outbreaks occurring in 21 different camps between 1974 and 2009. Recurring contributing factors across outbreaks included a sudden population influx, inadequate provision or maintenance of latrines, sudden rains, and insufficient safe water quantities. Most studies were descriptive only or did not consider sanitation-related exposures in risk factor analyses. However, two case-control studies found that cases were significantly more likely than controls to share latrines with several households. Two other case-control studies identified an increased risk of infection from exposure to drinking contaminated river or shallow well water. Evidence from previous outbreak investigations illustrates how sanitation failures, particularly following population influxes, can contribute to the occurrence of diarrhoeal disease outbreaks in refugee camps. Further development and application of sanitation assessment tools and metrics would enable more robust evaluation of risks associated with specific sanitation-related exposures and the effectiveness of interventions. Recent guidelines address the identified risk factors but stakeholders should be aware of the impact of population dynamics.","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46102801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.19-00005
A. Ramaiya, S. Sood
The objective of the research was to test the relationship between restrictions and menstrual health and hygiene management (MHHM). A total of 2,212 adolescents in the structured questionnaire and ...
{"title":"What is the relationship between menstruation-related restrictions and menstrual health and hygiene management? A mixed method, community-based, cross-sectional study in rural India","authors":"A. Ramaiya, S. Sood","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.19-00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.19-00005","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the research was to test the relationship between restrictions and menstrual health and hygiene management (MHHM). A total of 2,212 adolescents in the structured questionnaire and ...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69469776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00019
Touqeer Ahmad Abbasi, Iqbal Badruddin
It is now globally recognized that sanitation workers face a fatality risk that is 10 times higher than workers in all other industries, and their injury risk is 2.5 times higher than that of miners. Pakistan is the most urbanized country in South Asia and most of the urban population resides in 10 large cities of which five are in the province of Punjab. In Punjab province, these big cities are Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Lahore, and Faisalabad. The poor use and maintenance of sanitation systems aggravate the problems of sanitation workers. There were no standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the sanitation workers and due to the absence of such SOPs, the lives of these workers was at continuous risk. WaterAid Pakistan triggered this discussion among the utility managers of the five big cities of Punjab, two large cities of Sindh, one from Balochistan, and two from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces. All these utilities are members of the steering committee of the Pakistan Water Operators Network (P-WON)...
{"title":"Developing standard operating procedures for sanitation workers working with urban utilities in Pakistan","authors":"Touqeer Ahmad Abbasi, Iqbal Badruddin","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00019","url":null,"abstract":"It is now globally recognized that sanitation workers face a fatality risk that is 10 times higher than workers in all other industries, and their injury risk is 2.5 times higher than that of miners. Pakistan is the most urbanized country in South Asia and most of the urban population resides in 10 large cities of which five are in the province of Punjab. In Punjab province, these big cities are Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Lahore, and Faisalabad. The poor use and maintenance of sanitation systems aggravate the problems of sanitation workers. There were no standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the sanitation workers and due to the absence of such SOPs, the lives of these workers was at continuous risk. WaterAid Pakistan triggered this discussion among the utility managers of the five big cities of Punjab, two large cities of Sindh, one from Balochistan, and two from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces. All these utilities are members of the steering committee of the Pakistan Water Operators Network (P-WON)...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69469713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.17-00024
S. Sagan, F. Tolani, Marion O’Reilly, A. Daryanani, Arathi Unni
This paper examines how emotional motivators can be used to promote handwashing with soap (HWWS) among mothers affected by an emergency. The impact of using emotional motivators along with other be...
{"title":"Assessing emotional motivators for handwashing with soap in emergencies: results from three Asian countries","authors":"S. Sagan, F. Tolani, Marion O’Reilly, A. Daryanani, Arathi Unni","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.17-00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.17-00024","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how emotional motivators can be used to promote handwashing with soap (HWWS) among mothers affected by an emergency. The impact of using emotional motivators along with other be...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45061873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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