Objective: To establish a viable bacteria assay for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by assessing the cgt gene expression, and to develop accordingly a rapid and novel testing method for clinical precision treatment.
Methods: Viable bacteria count was determined in bacterial cultures. The transcriptional expression level of cgt (hp0421), the conserved gene that encodes cholesterol-α-glucosyltransferase (CGT) in H. pylori, was measured by RT-PCR. The correlation between the number of colonies and cgt gene transcription expression was analyzed and the regression model was constructed. The linear range, sensitivity, and specificity of the new method were examined accordingly. The bactericidal action of clarithromycin was assessed using this method to verify the performance of the method in determining clinical bacterial drug resistance.
Results: The Ct values of cgt for H. pylori colony counts of 102, 104, 106, and 108 CFU/mL were 29.67±0.14, 23.37±0.36, 17.65±0.37, and 11.38±0.39, respectively. In the range of 101-108 CFU/mL, the regression equation for cgt gene expression and viable bacterial counts determined by RT-qPCR was y=-0.3501x+12.49, with the correlation coefficient being R2=0.9992 and the sensitivity being 101 CFU/mL, showing no cross-reaction with 13 other bacteria. The lg values of live H. pylori bacteria treated with clarithromycin at 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/mL for 12 h were 2.57±0.02, 2.45±0.01, 2.19±0.02, 1.91±0.07, and 1.33±0.05, respectively. The corresponding cgt gene Ct values were 27.76±0.09, 28.37±0.24, 29.51±0.14, 30.11±0.12, and 31.66±0.11. By applying the cgt gene expression in the equation, the estimated counts of viable bacteria were found to be 2.73±0.03, 2.52±0.08, 2.11±0.05, 1.89±0.02, and 1.33±0.04, showing no significant difference in statistical analysis (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The method for assessing viable bacteria account by evaluating cgt gene expression in H. pylori was successfully established, significantly reducing the time required to determine viable bacteria count and providing a new method for clinical viable bacteria testing.
{"title":"[Viable Bacteria Assay of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> by RT-qPCR Measurement of <i>cgt</i> Gene Expression Levels: Establishment and Application of a New Method].","authors":"Zhihui Tang, Lifa Fu, Yanrong Zhang, Boyan Zhou, Tianqin Feng, Wenjuan Yang, Ge Liang, Qianya Yan, Canlin Zheng, Mingjiang Bie, Baoning Wang","doi":"10.12182/20240960402","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240960402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish a viable bacteria assay for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) by assessing the <i>cgt</i> gene expression, and to develop accordingly a rapid and novel testing method for clinical precision treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Viable bacteria count was determined in bacterial cultures. The transcriptional expression level of <i>cgt</i> (<i>hp0421</i>), the conserved gene that encodes cholesterol-α-glucosyltransferase (CGT) in <i>H. pylori</i>, was measured by RT-PCR. The correlation between the number of colonies and <i>cgt</i> gene transcription expression was analyzed and the regression model was constructed. The linear range, sensitivity, and specificity of the new method were examined accordingly. The bactericidal action of clarithromycin was assessed using this method to verify the performance of the method in determining clinical bacterial drug resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Ct values of <i>cgt</i> for <i>H. pylori</i> colony counts of 10<sup>2</sup>, 10<sup>4</sup>, 10<sup>6</sup>, and 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/mL were 29.67±0.14, 23.37±0.36, 17.65±0.37, and 11.38±0.39, respectively. In the range of 10<sup>1</sup>-10<sup>8</sup> CFU/mL, the regression equation for <i>cgt</i> gene expression and viable bacterial counts determined by RT-qPCR was <i>y</i>=-0.3501<i>x</i>+12.49, with the correlation coefficient being <i>R</i> <sup>2</sup>=0.9992 and the sensitivity being 10<sup>1</sup> CFU/mL, showing no cross-reaction with 13 other bacteria. The lg values of live <i>H. pylori</i> bacteria treated with clarithromycin at 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/mL for 12 h were 2.57±0.02, 2.45±0.01, 2.19±0.02, 1.91±0.07, and 1.33±0.05, respectively. The corresponding <i>cgt</i> gene Ct values were 27.76±0.09, 28.37±0.24, 29.51±0.14, 30.11±0.12, and 31.66±0.11. By applying the <i>cgt</i> gene expression in the equation, the estimated counts of viable bacteria were found to be 2.73±0.03, 2.52±0.08, 2.11±0.05, 1.89±0.02, and 1.33±0.04, showing no significant difference in statistical analysis (<i>P</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The method for assessing viable bacteria account by evaluating <i>cgt</i> gene expression in <i>H. pylori</i> was successfully established, significantly reducing the time required to determine viable bacteria count and providing a new method for clinical viable bacteria testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"四川大学学报(医学版)","volume":"55 5","pages":"1316-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with resectable sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder (SCB).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted with the clinical data of patients with resectable SCB treated at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between September 2008 and December 2023. The patients were divided into two groups, a bladder-preserving surgery (BPS) group and a radical cystectomy (RC) group, according to the specific surgical approach used for each patient. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) in both groups, and Cox regression models were employed to identify risk factors affecting survival.
Results: A total of 77 patients with resectable SCB were included. Among them, 35 patients (45.5%) underwent BPS, while 42 patients (54.5%) underwent RC. Ki-67 expression≥30% was observed in 91.7% of the patients. A total of 92.2% of the patients was tested positive for cytokeratin (CK) and 98.1% for vimentin. In addition, 62.5% and 37.5% of patients had the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2) scores of 0 and 1+, respectively. The median follow-up time was 23.2 months (ranging from 0.4 to 164.7 months). The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates for the BPS group and the RC group were as follows, 76.2% vs. 84.9%, 46.7% vs. 61.1%, and 35.6% vs. 43.2%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that in the RC group, age≥75 years old (hazard ratio [HR]=3.836, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.168-12.595, P=0.027), tumor multiplicity (HR=3.439, 95% CI: 1.235-9.574, P=0.018), and lack of adjuvant therapy (HR=3.164, 95% CI: 1.015-9.862, P=0.047) were independent risk factors affecting survival. In the BPS group, female sex was identified as an independent risk factor for survival (HR=3.601, 95% CI: 1.200-10.804, P=0.022).
Conclusion: Ki-67, CK, and vimentin are significantly overexpressed in SCB patients, while Her-2 is either unexpressed or expressed at low levels. In the RC group, tumor multiplicity, age ≥75 years, and lack of postoperative adjuvant therapy are independent risk factors for overall survival. Female sex is an independent risk factor affecting prognosis in the BPS group.
目的研究可切除膀胱肉瘤样癌（SCB）患者的临床病理特征及影响预后的因素：方法：对2008年9月至2023年12月期间在天津医科大学第二医院接受治疗的可切除膀胱肉瘤样癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据每位患者采用的具体手术方式，将患者分为两组，即膀胱保留手术（BPS）组和根治性膀胱切除术（RC）组。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线评估两组患者的总生存率（OS），并采用Cox回归模型确定影响生存率的风险因素：结果：共纳入77例可切除SCB患者。结果：共纳入77例可切除SCB患者，其中35例（45.5%）接受了BPS治疗，42例（54.5%）接受了RC治疗。91.7%的患者 Ki-67 表达≥30%。92.2%的患者细胞角蛋白（CK）呈阳性，98.1%的患者波形蛋白呈阳性。此外，62.5%和37.5%的患者人表皮生长因子受体2（Her-2）评分分别为0和1+。中位随访时间为 23.2 个月（0.4 至 164.7 个月不等）。BPS组和RC组的1年、3年和5年生存率分别为76.2% vs. 84.9%、46.7% vs. 61.1%和35.6% vs. 43.2%。多变量 Cox 回归分析显示，在 RC 组中，年龄≥75 岁（危险比 [HR]=3.836，95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.168-12.595，P=0.027）、肿瘤多发性（HR=3.439，95% 置信区间[CI]：1.235-9.574，P=0.018）和缺乏辅助治疗（HR=3.164，95% 置信区间[CI]：1.015-9.862，P=0.047）是影响生存的独立危险因素。在BPS组中，女性性别被认为是影响生存的独立危险因素（HR=3.601，95% CI：1.200-10.804，P=0.022）：结论：Ki-67、CK和波形蛋白在SCB患者中明显过表达，而Her-2未表达或表达水平较低。在 RC 组中，肿瘤多发性、年龄≥75 岁和术后未进行辅助治疗是影响总生存率的独立危险因素。在BPS组中，女性性别是影响预后的独立危险因素。
{"title":"[Analysis of Clinicopathological Characteristics and Factors Affecting the Prognosis of Patients With Resectable Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Bladder].","authors":"Shiwang Huang, Kaipeng Jia, Chong Shen, Huitong Chen, Zhe Zhang, Zhouliang Wu, Yunkai Qie, Jianing Guo, Hailong Hu","doi":"10.12182/20240960102","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240960102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with resectable sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder (SCB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted with the clinical data of patients with resectable SCB treated at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between September 2008 and December 2023. The patients were divided into two groups, a bladder-preserving surgery (BPS) group and a radical cystectomy (RC) group, according to the specific surgical approach used for each patient. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) in both groups, and Cox regression models were employed to identify risk factors affecting survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 77 patients with resectable SCB were included. Among them, 35 patients (45.5%) underwent BPS, while 42 patients (54.5%) underwent RC. Ki-67 expression≥30% was observed in 91.7% of the patients. A total of 92.2% of the patients was tested positive for cytokeratin (CK) and 98.1% for vimentin. In addition, 62.5% and 37.5% of patients had the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2) scores of 0 and 1+, respectively. The median follow-up time was 23.2 months (ranging from 0.4 to 164.7 months). The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates for the BPS group and the RC group were as follows, 76.2% vs. 84.9%, 46.7% vs. 61.1%, and 35.6% vs. 43.2%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that in the RC group, age≥75 years old (hazard ratio [HR]=3.836, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.168-12.595, <i>P</i>=0.027), tumor multiplicity (HR=3.439, 95% CI: 1.235-9.574, <i>P</i>=0.018), and lack of adjuvant therapy (HR=3.164, 95% CI: 1.015-9.862, <i>P</i>=0.047) were independent risk factors affecting survival. In the BPS group, female sex was identified as an independent risk factor for survival (HR=3.601, 95% CI: 1.200-10.804, <i>P</i>=0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ki-67, CK, and vimentin are significantly overexpressed in SCB patients, while Her-2 is either unexpressed or expressed at low levels. In the RC group, tumor multiplicity, age ≥75 years, and lack of postoperative adjuvant therapy are independent risk factors for overall survival. Female sex is an independent risk factor affecting prognosis in the BPS group.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"四川大学学报(医学版)","volume":"55 5","pages":"1085-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lijuan Zhang, Kun Wen, Yan Wang, Lihong Yang, Minghong Sun, Yi Tao
Objective: To explore the mediating effect of fatigue between social support and depression in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke, so as to provide reference for improving post-stroke depression.
Methods: A total of 142 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled and investigation was conducted with self-rating depression scale (SDS), social support rating scale (SSRS), and fatigue severity scale (FSS). Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the variables. A model for the mediating effect between the variables was established by using the AMOS 23.0 software to analyze the mediating effect of fatigue between social support and depression. The Bootstrap method was used to test the significance of intermediary effect.
Results: The scores for SDS, SSRS, and FSS in the hospitalized ischemic stroke patients enrolled were 48.96±9.09, 31.34±8.35, and 30.70±13.99, respectively. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that depression was positively correlated with fatigue and negatively correlated with social support. In addition, fatigue was negatively correlated with social support. Analysis of the mediating effect model established that fatigue played a mediating role between social support and depression in patients with ischemic stroke, with the mediating effect value being -0.170 and the mediating effect accounting for 90.0% of the total effect.
Conclusion: The effect of social support on depression in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke is mainly achieved by affecting the sense of fatigue. Health workers should pay attention to the severity of fatigue of patients and reduce their sense of fatigue as much as possible, which will help enhance social support for the patients and reduce their depression.
{"title":"[Analysis of the Mediating Effect of Fatigue Between Social Support and Depression in Hospitalized Patients With Ischemic Stroke].","authors":"Lijuan Zhang, Kun Wen, Yan Wang, Lihong Yang, Minghong Sun, Yi Tao","doi":"10.12182/20240960506","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240960506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the mediating effect of fatigue between social support and depression in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke, so as to provide reference for improving post-stroke depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 142 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled and investigation was conducted with self-rating depression scale (SDS), social support rating scale (SSRS), and fatigue severity scale (FSS). Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the variables. A model for the mediating effect between the variables was established by using the AMOS 23.0 software to analyze the mediating effect of fatigue between social support and depression. The Bootstrap method was used to test the significance of intermediary effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scores for SDS, SSRS, and FSS in the hospitalized ischemic stroke patients enrolled were 48.96±9.09, 31.34±8.35, and 30.70±13.99, respectively. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that depression was positively correlated with fatigue and negatively correlated with social support. In addition, fatigue was negatively correlated with social support. Analysis of the mediating effect model established that fatigue played a mediating role between social support and depression in patients with ischemic stroke, with the mediating effect value being -0.170 and the mediating effect accounting for 90.0% of the total effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of social support on depression in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke is mainly achieved by affecting the sense of fatigue. Health workers should pay attention to the severity of fatigue of patients and reduce their sense of fatigue as much as possible, which will help enhance social support for the patients and reduce their depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"四川大学学报(医学版)","volume":"55 5","pages":"1226-1231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fetal ventriculomegaly is a central nervous system disorder commonly seen in prenatal imaging, and the prognosis ranges from normal health to severe dysfunction. Currently, fetal predictive markers associated with postpartum individual neurodevelopmental function are still not available, which increases the difficulty of prenatal diagnosis and clinical management. Constant advancements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology have brought better accuracy and reliability of MRI applied in the diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and etiology investigation of ventriculomegaly. MRI plays a critical role in prognostic management and prenatal consultation. Nevertheless, due to the potential safety hazards and economic and technical constraints of MRI, it is not the first choice for prenatal imaging diagnosis. Moreover, there are different opinions regarding the measurement results and grading criteria of ultrasound and MRI. At present, it is accepted that three-dimensional volume may provide reliable information for prognosis. However, accurate segmentation and measurement of brain structure remain serious challenges, and no consensus on the MRI measurement of lateral ventricle volume has been reached. In this paper, based on the latest research reports from China and around the world, we reviewed the progress in applying MRI in the prenatal diagnosis and treatment of ventriculomegaly. This review offers a theoretical foundation for further exploration of the role of lateral ventricle volume measurement in disease diagnosis and management. We suggest that researchers combine two-dimensional width with three-dimensional volume in the future to identify the optimal cutoff value for prognostic prediction of fetal ventriculomegaly.
{"title":"[Research Progress in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Fetal Ventriculomegaly].","authors":"Lei Yu, Xue Xiao, Jun Zhan, Liujie Han","doi":"10.12182/20240960107","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240960107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal ventriculomegaly is a central nervous system disorder commonly seen in prenatal imaging, and the prognosis ranges from normal health to severe dysfunction. Currently, fetal predictive markers associated with postpartum individual neurodevelopmental function are still not available, which increases the difficulty of prenatal diagnosis and clinical management. Constant advancements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology have brought better accuracy and reliability of MRI applied in the diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and etiology investigation of ventriculomegaly. MRI plays a critical role in prognostic management and prenatal consultation. Nevertheless, due to the potential safety hazards and economic and technical constraints of MRI, it is not the first choice for prenatal imaging diagnosis. Moreover, there are different opinions regarding the measurement results and grading criteria of ultrasound and MRI. At present, it is accepted that three-dimensional volume may provide reliable information for prognosis. However, accurate segmentation and measurement of brain structure remain serious challenges, and no consensus on the MRI measurement of lateral ventricle volume has been reached. In this paper, based on the latest research reports from China and around the world, we reviewed the progress in applying MRI in the prenatal diagnosis and treatment of ventriculomegaly. This review offers a theoretical foundation for further exploration of the role of lateral ventricle volume measurement in disease diagnosis and management. We suggest that researchers combine two-dimensional width with three-dimensional volume in the future to identify the optimal cutoff value for prognostic prediction of fetal ventriculomegaly.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"四川大学学报(医学版)","volume":"55 5","pages":"1133-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Yang, Chenyan Zhu, Lu Yuan, Tao Zhang, Jiayuan Li, Xia Jiang, Lu Long, Jiaqiang Liao, Tianpei Ma, West China Health And Aging Chronic Disease Preventive And Treatment Merging Study Wchac Collaborative Group
Objective: To explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and TyG-obesity composite indices, including TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), and TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and to provide reference for the prevention of IHD.
Methods: The sample of this study was derived from the West China Elderly Preventive and Treatment Merging Cohort, from which 9628 elderly individuals from the retrospective cohort were selected. Cox regression models were used to analyze the association between TyG-related indices and the risk of IHD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess and compare the performance of TyG-related indices in predicting the occurrence of IHD.
Results: The participants were followed up for a median of 2.82 years, with 7.2% (694/9628) of the participants experiencing IHD events. Multivariate Cox regression showed that after controlling for the covariates, including sex, age, educational attainment, smoking, drinking, exercise, dietary habits, medication history, and whether the participant had hypertension, every time TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-BMI and TyG-WHtR increased by one standard deviation (SD), the risk of IHD increased by 12% (hazard ratio [HR]=1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.20), 21% (HR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.12-1.31), 20% (HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.12-1.29), and 19% (HR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.10-1.28), respectively. Both the TyG index and TyG-obesity composite indices were positively correlated with IHD risk, showing a linear relationship (P<0.05). TyG-WC (area under the curve[AUC]=0.680, 95% CI: 0.660-0.700, P<0.001), TyG-BMI (AUC=0.674, 95% CI: 0.654-0.695, P<0.001), and TyG-WHtR (AUC=0.678, 95% CI: 0.658-0.698, P<0.001) demonstrated better predictive performance than TyG did (AUC=0.669, 95% CI: 0.648-0.689, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Elevated levels of TyG and TyG-obesity composite indices were associated with a higher risk for IHD, and combining TyG with BMI, WC, and WHtR may lead to better performance in risk assessment for IHD than using TyG alone.
{"title":"[Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Triglyceride Glucose-Obesity Composite Indices and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease].","authors":"Jing Yang, Chenyan Zhu, Lu Yuan, Tao Zhang, Jiayuan Li, Xia Jiang, Lu Long, Jiaqiang Liao, Tianpei Ma, West China Health And Aging Chronic Disease Preventive And Treatment Merging Study Wchac Collaborative Group","doi":"10.12182/20240960103","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240960103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and TyG-obesity composite indices, including TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), and TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and to provide reference for the prevention of IHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample of this study was derived from the West China Elderly Preventive and Treatment Merging Cohort, from which 9628 elderly individuals from the retrospective cohort were selected. Cox regression models were used to analyze the association between TyG-related indices and the risk of IHD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess and compare the performance of TyG-related indices in predicting the occurrence of IHD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants were followed up for a median of 2.82 years, with 7.2% (694/9628) of the participants experiencing IHD events. Multivariate Cox regression showed that after controlling for the covariates, including sex, age, educational attainment, smoking, drinking, exercise, dietary habits, medication history, and whether the participant had hypertension, every time TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-BMI and TyG-WHtR increased by one standard deviation (SD), the risk of IHD increased by 12% (hazard ratio [HR]=1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.20), 21% (HR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.12-1.31), 20% (HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.12-1.29), and 19% (HR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.10-1.28), respectively. Both the TyG index and TyG-obesity composite indices were positively correlated with IHD risk, showing a linear relationship (<i>P</i><0.05). TyG-WC (area under the curve[AUC]=0.680, 95% CI: 0.660-0.700, <i>P</i><0.001), TyG-BMI (AUC=0.674, 95% CI: 0.654-0.695, <i>P</i><0.001), and TyG-WHtR (AUC=0.678, 95% CI: 0.658-0.698, <i>P</i><0.001) demonstrated better predictive performance than TyG did (AUC=0.669, 95% CI: 0.648-0.689, <i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated levels of TyG and TyG-obesity composite indices were associated with a higher risk for IHD, and combining TyG with BMI, WC, and WHtR may lead to better performance in risk assessment for IHD than using TyG alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"四川大学学报(医学版)","volume":"55 5","pages":"1123-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shan Luo, Xiaohong Li, Yan Wang, Wei Fan, Long Zhang, Yi Quan, Wei Huang
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate effect of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) on the reproductive outcomes of women of advanced maternal age (AMA) (≥38 years), and to analyze factors influencing the live birth rate in AMA women who have received PGT-A.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted. AMA women undergoing PGT-A were enrolled in the PGT-A group. All of them underwent their first oocyte retrieval cycle between January 2019 and June 2023. AMA women undergoing <i>in vitro</i> fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) and their first oocyte retrieval cycle over the same period of time were enrolled in the control group (the non-PGT-A group) via propensity score matching. The PGT-A group and the non-PGT-A group each included 193 cycles, which were followed up until January 2024. Follow-up concerning live births was completed for all oocyte retrieval cycles conducted between January 2019 and October 2022. The reproductive outcomes were compared between the two groups. The primary outcome indicator was cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) per oocyte retrieval, while the secondary outcome indicators were cumulative clinical pregnancy rate (CCPR) per oocyte retrieval and spontaneous abortion rate. For the 145 cycles in the PGT-A group with completed live birth follow-up, binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the influencing factors of live birth rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 145 cycles in the PGT-A group and 161 cycles in the non-PGT-A group completed follow-up for live births. The CLBR per oocyte retrieval of the PGT-A group was 25.52% (37/145), while that of the non-PGT-A group was 28.50% (46/161), with no significant difference being observed between the two groups (<i>P</i><0.05). Of the 193 oocyte retrieval cycles in each group, 53 cycles in the PGT-A group and 72 cycles in the non-PGT-A group resulted in clinical pregnancies, with the difference in the CCPR per oocyte retrieval being statistically significant (27.46% vs. 37.31%, <i>P</i><0.05). Concerning clinical pregnancies, the spontaneous abortion rate of the PGT-A group was lower than that of the non-PGT-A group, with the difference being statistically significant (7.55% vs. 25.00%, <i>P</i><0.05). In AMA women who had undergone PGT-A for reproductive assistance, maternal age (odds ratio [OR]=0.786, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.635-0.973) and the antral follicle count (AFC) (OR=1.110, 95% CI: 1.013-1.216) were correlated with the outcome of live births outcome. The probability of live births decreased with increasing maternal age and decreasing AFC. When the female age was ≥42 years or when AFC≤8, the expected live birth outcome of PGT-A assisted pregnancy was poor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PGT-A does not affect the CLBR per oocyte retrieval in AMA women, but it can effectively reduce the risks of implanta
{"title":"[Effect of Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidies on Live Birth Outcomes and the Influencing Factors in Women of Advanced Maternal Age].","authors":"Shan Luo, Xiaohong Li, Yan Wang, Wei Fan, Long Zhang, Yi Quan, Wei Huang","doi":"10.12182/20240960208","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240960208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate effect of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) on the reproductive outcomes of women of advanced maternal age (AMA) (≥38 years), and to analyze factors influencing the live birth rate in AMA women who have received PGT-A.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted. AMA women undergoing PGT-A were enrolled in the PGT-A group. All of them underwent their first oocyte retrieval cycle between January 2019 and June 2023. AMA women undergoing <i>in vitro</i> fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) and their first oocyte retrieval cycle over the same period of time were enrolled in the control group (the non-PGT-A group) via propensity score matching. The PGT-A group and the non-PGT-A group each included 193 cycles, which were followed up until January 2024. Follow-up concerning live births was completed for all oocyte retrieval cycles conducted between January 2019 and October 2022. The reproductive outcomes were compared between the two groups. The primary outcome indicator was cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) per oocyte retrieval, while the secondary outcome indicators were cumulative clinical pregnancy rate (CCPR) per oocyte retrieval and spontaneous abortion rate. For the 145 cycles in the PGT-A group with completed live birth follow-up, binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the influencing factors of live birth rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 145 cycles in the PGT-A group and 161 cycles in the non-PGT-A group completed follow-up for live births. The CLBR per oocyte retrieval of the PGT-A group was 25.52% (37/145), while that of the non-PGT-A group was 28.50% (46/161), with no significant difference being observed between the two groups (<i>P</i><0.05). Of the 193 oocyte retrieval cycles in each group, 53 cycles in the PGT-A group and 72 cycles in the non-PGT-A group resulted in clinical pregnancies, with the difference in the CCPR per oocyte retrieval being statistically significant (27.46% vs. 37.31%, <i>P</i><0.05). Concerning clinical pregnancies, the spontaneous abortion rate of the PGT-A group was lower than that of the non-PGT-A group, with the difference being statistically significant (7.55% vs. 25.00%, <i>P</i><0.05). In AMA women who had undergone PGT-A for reproductive assistance, maternal age (odds ratio [OR]=0.786, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.635-0.973) and the antral follicle count (AFC) (OR=1.110, 95% CI: 1.013-1.216) were correlated with the outcome of live births outcome. The probability of live births decreased with increasing maternal age and decreasing AFC. When the female age was ≥42 years or when AFC≤8, the expected live birth outcome of PGT-A assisted pregnancy was poor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PGT-A does not affect the CLBR per oocyte retrieval in AMA women, but it can effectively reduce the risks of implanta","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"四川大学学报(医学版)","volume":"55 5","pages":"1288-1294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of isolongifolene (ISO) on the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced Crohn's disease (CD)-like colitis in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the animal experiments, mice were randomly assigned to the wild type (WT) group, TNBS group and TNBS+ISO group, with 8 mice in each group. Colitis models of mice were established in the TNBS group and the TNBS+ISO group by rectal injection of TNBS. After modeling, the mice in the TNBS+ISO group were given ISO intervention via intragastric gavage (10 mg/kg), and the other two groups were given the same amount of normal saline via intragastric gavage. The mice were sacrificed on the 7th day. The changes in body mass, disease activity scores (DAI), and the colon length of mice were measured, and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of the colon tissues was determined. The score of colon inflammation was calculated according to HE staining. The levels of intestinal mucosal inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA. The apoptosis of colon tissue cells was determined by TUNEL assay. The expressions of apoptotic proteins (cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bax), an anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), and tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and claudin-1) were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence. In the cell experiment, TNF-α was used to induce intestinal epithelial cell Caco-2 apoptosis model, which was treated with ISO. Then, intervention with the AMPK inhibitor Compound C was given. TUNEL assay, Western blot assay, and immunofluorescence assay were performed to measure apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis proteins in the Caco-2 cells. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed to predict the biological function of ISO. Then, the mechanism involved was verified by examination of the mice and Caco-2 cells. Western blot was performed to determine the expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-PGC1α in the colon tissues from the mice of different groups and Caco-2 cells. The apoptosis of the cells was determined by TUNEL assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the results of the animal experiment, ISO could alleviate experimental colitis and intestinal barrier dysfunction, leading to improvements in body mass loss, colon length shortening, DAI score, inflammatory rating, and TEER values (all <i>P</i><0.05) in mice. Furthermore, ISO decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6 and increased the expression of the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and claudin-1 (all <i>P</i><0.05). In the cell experiment, in a TNF-α-induced intestinal epithelial cell model, ISO was also found to protect intestinal barrier against damage. ISO reduced the proportion of apoptotic intestinal epithelial cells, reduced the expres
研究目的方法：将小鼠随机分为野生型（WT）组、TNBS组和TNBS+ISO组，每组8只：在动物实验中，小鼠被随机分配到野生型（WT）组、TNBS 组和 TNBS+ISO 组，每组 8 只。通过直肠注射 TNBS，在 TNBS 组和 TNBS+ISO 组建立小鼠结肠炎模型。建模后，TNBS+ISO组小鼠经胃内灌胃给予ISO干预（10 mg/kg），其他两组小鼠经胃内灌胃给予等量的生理盐水。小鼠在第 7 天被处死。测量小鼠体重、疾病活动评分（DAI）和结肠长度的变化，并测定结肠组织的经上皮电阻（TEER）。根据 HE 染色计算结肠炎症评分。通过 RT-PCR 和 ELISA 检测肠粘膜炎症因子的水平，包括肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、干扰素（IFN）-γ、白细胞介素（IL）-1β 和 IL-6。结肠组织细胞的凋亡采用 TUNEL 法检测。通过 Western 印迹和免疫荧光检测了凋亡蛋白（裂解的 caspase-3/caspase-3 和 Bax）、抗凋亡蛋白（Bcl-2）和紧密连接蛋白（ZO-1 和 claudin-1）的表达。在细胞实验中，使用 TNF-α 诱导肠上皮细胞 Caco-2 细胞凋亡模型，并用 ISO 处理。然后使用 AMPK 抑制剂化合物 C 进行干预。通过 TUNEL 检测、Western 印迹检测和免疫荧光检测来测定 Caco-2 细胞的凋亡和凋亡蛋白的表达。通过基因本体（GO）富集分析预测了 ISO 的生物学功能。然后，通过对小鼠和 Caco-2 细胞的研究验证了其中的机制。用 Western blot 检测了不同组小鼠结肠组织和 Caco-2 细胞中 p-AMPK/AMPK 和 p-PGC1α 的表达水平。TUNEL检测法测定细胞凋亡情况：结果：动物实验结果表明，ISO能缓解实验性结肠炎和肠屏障功能障碍，从而改善体重下降、结肠长度缩短、DAI评分、炎症评分和TEER值（均为PPPPP结论：ISO能减少肠道上皮细胞的凋亡：ISO至少部分通过激活AMPK/PGC1α信号通路减少肠上皮细胞凋亡，从而缓解TNBS诱导的小鼠肠屏障功能障碍和CD样结肠炎。
{"title":"[Isongifolene Improves Crohn's Disease-Like Colitis in Mice by Reducing Apoptosis of Intestinal Epithelial Cells].","authors":"Ting Duan, Zhijun Geng, Jingjing Yang, Lixia Yin, Mingxi Sun, Shunyin Wang, Xiaofeng Zhang, Jing Li, Jianguo Hu, Guoyu Lu","doi":"10.12182/20240960204","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240960204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of isolongifolene (ISO) on the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced Crohn's disease (CD)-like colitis in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the animal experiments, mice were randomly assigned to the wild type (WT) group, TNBS group and TNBS+ISO group, with 8 mice in each group. Colitis models of mice were established in the TNBS group and the TNBS+ISO group by rectal injection of TNBS. After modeling, the mice in the TNBS+ISO group were given ISO intervention via intragastric gavage (10 mg/kg), and the other two groups were given the same amount of normal saline via intragastric gavage. The mice were sacrificed on the 7th day. The changes in body mass, disease activity scores (DAI), and the colon length of mice were measured, and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of the colon tissues was determined. The score of colon inflammation was calculated according to HE staining. The levels of intestinal mucosal inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA. The apoptosis of colon tissue cells was determined by TUNEL assay. The expressions of apoptotic proteins (cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bax), an anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), and tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and claudin-1) were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence. In the cell experiment, TNF-α was used to induce intestinal epithelial cell Caco-2 apoptosis model, which was treated with ISO. Then, intervention with the AMPK inhibitor Compound C was given. TUNEL assay, Western blot assay, and immunofluorescence assay were performed to measure apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis proteins in the Caco-2 cells. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed to predict the biological function of ISO. Then, the mechanism involved was verified by examination of the mice and Caco-2 cells. Western blot was performed to determine the expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-PGC1α in the colon tissues from the mice of different groups and Caco-2 cells. The apoptosis of the cells was determined by TUNEL assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the results of the animal experiment, ISO could alleviate experimental colitis and intestinal barrier dysfunction, leading to improvements in body mass loss, colon length shortening, DAI score, inflammatory rating, and TEER values (all <i>P</i><0.05) in mice. Furthermore, ISO decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6 and increased the expression of the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and claudin-1 (all <i>P</i><0.05). In the cell experiment, in a TNF-α-induced intestinal epithelial cell model, ISO was also found to protect intestinal barrier against damage. ISO reduced the proportion of apoptotic intestinal epithelial cells, reduced the expres","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"四川大学学报(医学版)","volume":"55 5","pages":"1175-1185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of oral frailty in elderly residents of elderly care facilities and to provide a basis for the development of effective intervention programs for oral frailty in this population.
Methods: A combination of subjective and objective measurements of oral frailty, a general information questionnaire, a leisure activity questionnaire, the Dietary Variety Score (DVS), the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ), the Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF), Barthel Index (BI), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 15-Item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2 (GAD-2) were used to survey 348 elderly residents in three elderly care facilities in Chengdu and to analyze the factors related to oral frailty.
Results: The prevalence of oral frailty in elderly residents of elderly care facilities was 31.0% (108/348). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age (odds ratio [OR]=1.347, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.237-1.496, P<0.001), cognitive impairment (OR=6.769, 95% CI: 2.628-18.916, P<0.001), and depression (OR=8.632, 95% CI: 1.931-44.387, P=0.007) were risk factors for oral frailty in elderly residents of elderly care facilities. High scores in leisure activities (OR=0.883, 95% CI: 0.786-0.986, P=0.030), and dietary diversity (OR=0.199, 95% CI: 0.069-0.530, P=0.002) were protective factors against oral frailty.
Conclusion: The prevalence of oral frailty is relatively high among elderly residents of elderly care facilities. Risk factors for oral frailty include advanced age, cognitive impairment, and depression, while increased levels of leisure activities and dietary diversity can help prevent the occurrence of oral frailty in elderly individuals.
{"title":"[Analysis of the Occurrence and Influencing Factors of Oral Frailty in Elderly Residents of Elderly Care Facilities].","authors":"Jingyi Wei, Qiuyan Zhao, Wei Huang, Xing Liu, Xuemei Zhang","doi":"10.12182/20240760602","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240760602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of oral frailty in elderly residents of elderly care facilities and to provide a basis for the development of effective intervention programs for oral frailty in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A combination of subjective and objective measurements of oral frailty, a general information questionnaire, a leisure activity questionnaire, the Dietary Variety Score (DVS), the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ), the Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF), Barthel Index (BI), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 15-Item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2 (GAD-2) were used to survey 348 elderly residents in three elderly care facilities in Chengdu and to analyze the factors related to oral frailty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of oral frailty in elderly residents of elderly care facilities was 31.0% (108/348). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age (odds ratio [OR]=1.347, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.237-1.496, <i>P</i><0.001), cognitive impairment (OR=6.769, 95% CI: 2.628-18.916, <i>P</i><0.001), and depression (OR=8.632, 95% CI: 1.931-44.387, <i>P</i>=0.007) were risk factors for oral frailty in elderly residents of elderly care facilities. High scores in leisure activities (OR=0.883, 95% CI: 0.786-0.986, <i>P</i>=0.030), and dietary diversity (OR=0.199, 95% CI: 0.069-0.530, <i>P</i>=0.002) were protective factors against oral frailty.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of oral frailty is relatively high among elderly residents of elderly care facilities. Risk factors for oral frailty include advanced age, cognitive impairment, and depression, while increased levels of leisure activities and dietary diversity can help prevent the occurrence of oral frailty in elderly individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition)","volume":"55 4","pages":"947-957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11334268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uremic pruritus, a severe complication in patients with chronic kidney disease, is associated with a high prevalence. It can cause depression and sleep disorders, and seriously affect the quality of life and the social relations of patients. Recently, there is growing evidence showing that κ-opioid receptor agonists, including nalfurafine, difelikefalin, and nalbuphine, can effectively and safely reduce itching symptoms in patients with refractory uremic pruritus. Herein, we reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, and treatment strategies of uremic pruritus, and summarized in detail the progress in clinical research on the use of κ-opioid receptor agonists, including nalfurafine, difelikefalin, and nalbuphine, in the management of patients with uremic pruritus.
{"title":"[Clinical Research Progress on Using κ-Opioid Receptor Agonists to Treat Uremic Pruritus].","authors":"Mei Yang, Yupei Li, Qinbo Yang, Baihai Su","doi":"10.12182/20240760506","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240760506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uremic pruritus, a severe complication in patients with chronic kidney disease, is associated with a high prevalence. It can cause depression and sleep disorders, and seriously affect the quality of life and the social relations of patients. Recently, there is growing evidence showing that κ-opioid receptor agonists, including nalfurafine, difelikefalin, and nalbuphine, can effectively and safely reduce itching symptoms in patients with refractory uremic pruritus. Herein, we reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, and treatment strategies of uremic pruritus, and summarized in detail the progress in clinical research on the use of κ-opioid receptor agonists, including nalfurafine, difelikefalin, and nalbuphine, in the management of patients with uremic pruritus.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition)","volume":"55 4","pages":"1044-1048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11334266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanxi Ding, Shiyu Zhang, Mengtong Yang, Sijia Chen, Ju Zhang, Piao Zhang, Ming Li, Danping Su, Hongli Dong, Yishan Guo, Wenya Yin, Guo Zeng
Objective: To investigate and analyze the current status and challenges of infant and toddler nutritional services in urban and rural medical facilities in Sichuan Province.
Methods: In 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on infant and toddler nutritional services, including feeding guidance, physical growth assessment, and micronutrient deficiency screening, as well as information on personnel and tools in medical facilities throughout Sichuan Province. The provision of nutritional services was analyzed and the urban-rural disparities were assessed.
Results: A total of 2206 medical facilities (29.1% from urban areas and 70.9% from rural areas) were investigated. Only 35.8% of medical facilities provided all three types of nutritional services. Specifically, the overall service provision rates were high for feeding guidance (94.6%) and physical growth assessment (85.0%), but lower for micronutrient deficiency screening (37.4%). Rural facilities exhibited significantly lower rates than their urban counterparts for both physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening (P<0.05). The provision rates of feeding guidance ranged from 70.6% to 93.2%, with responsive feeding guidance being the least implemented (70.6%), particularly in rural areas compared to urban areas (P<0.05). Rates for physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening ranged from 75.3% to 81.8% and 23.6% to 30.8%, respectively, both showing lower rates in rural settings compared to urban ones (P<0.05). Nutrition service providers were predominantly nurses (52.3%) and clinical practitioners (43.4%). The availability of dietary assessment tools ranged from 7.7% to 15.9%, significantly lower in rural areas compared to urban areas (P<0.001), while physical measurement tools were widely available at rates of 94.6% to 98.5%.
Conclusion: At present, the infant and toddler nutritional service provisions of medical facilities in Sichuan Province are incomplete, particularly so in the implementation of feeding guidance, physical growth assessment, and micronutrient deficiency screening. There is a notable shortage of personnel and necessary tools, with rural areas facing more significant challenges. Enhancing the overall capacity of infant and toddler nutritional services in Sichuan Province is essential, with specific attention needed for rural healthcare settings.
{"title":"[Cross-Sectional Study of Nutritional Service Capacity for Infants and Toddlers in Urban and Rural Medical Facilities in Sichuan Province].","authors":"Yanxi Ding, Shiyu Zhang, Mengtong Yang, Sijia Chen, Ju Zhang, Piao Zhang, Ming Li, Danping Su, Hongli Dong, Yishan Guo, Wenya Yin, Guo Zeng","doi":"10.12182/20240760503","DOIUrl":"10.12182/20240760503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate and analyze the current status and challenges of infant and toddler nutritional services in urban and rural medical facilities in Sichuan Province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on infant and toddler nutritional services, including feeding guidance, physical growth assessment, and micronutrient deficiency screening, as well as information on personnel and tools in medical facilities throughout Sichuan Province. The provision of nutritional services was analyzed and the urban-rural disparities were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2206 medical facilities (29.1% from urban areas and 70.9% from rural areas) were investigated. Only 35.8% of medical facilities provided all three types of nutritional services. Specifically, the overall service provision rates were high for feeding guidance (94.6%) and physical growth assessment (85.0%), but lower for micronutrient deficiency screening (37.4%). Rural facilities exhibited significantly lower rates than their urban counterparts for both physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening (<i>P</i><0.05). The provision rates of feeding guidance ranged from 70.6% to 93.2%, with responsive feeding guidance being the least implemented (70.6%), particularly in rural areas compared to urban areas (<i>P</i><0.05). Rates for physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening ranged from 75.3% to 81.8% and 23.6% to 30.8%, respectively, both showing lower rates in rural settings compared to urban ones (<i>P</i><0.05). Nutrition service providers were predominantly nurses (52.3%) and clinical practitioners (43.4%). The availability of dietary assessment tools ranged from 7.7% to 15.9%, significantly lower in rural areas compared to urban areas (<i>P</i><0.001), while physical measurement tools were widely available at rates of 94.6% to 98.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At present, the infant and toddler nutritional service provisions of medical facilities in Sichuan Province are incomplete, particularly so in the implementation of feeding guidance, physical growth assessment, and micronutrient deficiency screening. There is a notable shortage of personnel and necessary tools, with rural areas facing more significant challenges. Enhancing the overall capacity of infant and toddler nutritional services in Sichuan Province is essential, with specific attention needed for rural healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":39321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition)","volume":"55 4","pages":"911-917"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11334297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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