Pub Date : 2015-12-02DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1435
T. S. Krivonogova, T. Shemyakina, Yu A Babikova, A. N. Gavrilova
Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic disease in children affecting 30% of the child population. The purpose of this review was to analyze and summarize the works offoreign and Russian authors who evaluated the impact of mental disorders on the course of asthma in children. The article presents the definition of asthma as a psychosomatic disease and relevance of the study against this background. The authors adduce the results of research studies which allow us to estimate the interaction between the degree of anxiety, accentuation of the nature, severity of asthma, and the duration of the disease. The existing publications demonstrate that the researchers' opinions are polarized regarding the cause-and-effect relationship between psychological disorders and controlled asthma. The authors came to a conclusion that early detection ofpsychopathological symptoms and appropriate psychotherapeutic administration would improve the efficacy of treatment in children with bronchial asthma and the social adaptation, adjust the system offamily relations, and have a positive effect on the course of the disease.
{"title":"[Psychosomatic Aspects of Bronchial Asthma in Children].","authors":"T. S. Krivonogova, T. Shemyakina, Yu A Babikova, A. N. Gavrilova","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1435","url":null,"abstract":"Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic disease in children affecting 30% of the child population. The purpose of this review was to analyze and summarize the works offoreign and Russian authors who evaluated the impact of mental disorders on the course of asthma in children. The article presents the definition of asthma as a psychosomatic disease and relevance of the study against this background. The authors adduce the results of research studies which allow us to estimate the interaction between the degree of anxiety, accentuation of the nature, severity of asthma, and the duration of the disease. The existing publications demonstrate that the researchers' opinions are polarized regarding the cause-and-effect relationship between psychological disorders and controlled asthma. The authors came to a conclusion that early detection ofpsychopathological symptoms and appropriate psychotherapeutic administration would improve the efficacy of treatment in children with bronchial asthma and the social adaptation, adjust the system offamily relations, and have a positive effect on the course of the disease.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"50 1","pages":"509-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74300632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-02DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1440
T. Grebennikova, Belaya ZhE, Liudmila Rozhinskaya, Galina A. Melnichenko, Dedov
This review describes the epigenetic regulation of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis and its future implementation in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. A considerable part of the review is dedicated to the microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small regulatory factors that regulate gene expression, by post-transcriptional regulation of genes playing an important role in numerous cellular processes, including cell differentiation and apoptosis. Recently, a number of studies have revealed that miRNAs participate in bone homeostasis and their role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is practically evident. In this review, we highlight the miRNAs involved in bone remodelling and their roles in osteoporosis. miRNAs are stable molecules which make them promising potential markers for bone remodeling and osteoporosis.
{"title":"[Epigenetic Aspects of Osteoporosis].","authors":"T. Grebennikova, Belaya ZhE, Liudmila Rozhinskaya, Galina A. Melnichenko, Dedov","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1440","url":null,"abstract":"This review describes the epigenetic regulation of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis and its future implementation in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. A considerable part of the review is dedicated to the microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small regulatory factors that regulate gene expression, by post-transcriptional regulation of genes playing an important role in numerous cellular processes, including cell differentiation and apoptosis. Recently, a number of studies have revealed that miRNAs participate in bone homeostasis and their role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is practically evident. In this review, we highlight the miRNAs involved in bone remodelling and their roles in osteoporosis. miRNAs are stable molecules which make them promising potential markers for bone remodeling and osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"389 1","pages":"541-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78035379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-02DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1442
D. S. Baranovsky, A. Lyundup, V. Parshin
BACKGROUND Currently all tissue engineered trachea transplants had no ciliated epithelium until transplantation, and long-term temporary lack of mucociliary clearance leads to patients' condition decline and reduced life quality in postoperative period. So, the need for a better cultivation method and studying ciliated epithelium growth characteristics in cell culture increased rapidly. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to investigate cultivation offunctionally complete passaged ciliated epitheliumfor trachea tissue engineering. METHODS Human ciliated epithelium isolated from intraoperative bioptate was used for culturing in the special complex medium with morphological and functional characteristics evaluation. RESULTS Ciliated epithelial cell-groups were obtained by culturing in the special complex medium. Generated cell-groups had ciliary activity and showed well-coordinated movement with functional characteristics similar to native epithelial tissue. The basic parameters of cell-activity were studied. CONCLUSION Thus our study provides a new insight for the problem of ciliated epithelium in vitro culturing as well as developing the optimal laboratory method.
{"title":"[In vitro Cultivation of Functioning Passaged Ciliated Epithelium for Trachea Tissue Engineering].","authors":"D. S. Baranovsky, A. Lyundup, V. Parshin","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1442","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Currently all tissue engineered trachea transplants had no ciliated epithelium until transplantation, and long-term temporary lack of mucociliary clearance leads to patients' condition decline and reduced life quality in postoperative period. So, the need for a better cultivation method and studying ciliated epithelium growth characteristics in cell culture increased rapidly.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The aim of our study was to investigate cultivation offunctionally complete passaged ciliated epitheliumfor trachea tissue engineering.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Human ciliated epithelium isolated from intraoperative bioptate was used for culturing in the special complex medium with morphological and functional characteristics evaluation.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Ciliated epithelial cell-groups were obtained by culturing in the special complex medium. Generated cell-groups had ciliary activity and showed well-coordinated movement with functional characteristics similar to native epithelial tissue. The basic parameters of cell-activity were studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Thus our study provides a new insight for the problem of ciliated epithelium in vitro culturing as well as developing the optimal laboratory method.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"34 1","pages":"561-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77411279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-02DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1439
O. Smirnova, V. Manchuk, Yu N Agilova
BACKGROUND Infectious complications--the leading cause of mortality in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), their appearance is regarded as an adverse prognostic factor in the course of the disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological features of infectious complications in patients with G-immunochemical MM to find the most informative indicators in their forecasting. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was made. All patients were divided into 3 groupsfor comparison: Group 1 (n = 47)--MM patients, G-immunochemical variant with infection, Group 2 (n = 54)--MM patients, G-immunochemical option no infectious complications, and Group 3 (n = 125)--healthy volunteers. Research material was deoxygenated blood taken on admission of a patient to the hematology department before the pathogenetic treatment. Identification of G-variant was carried by immunofixation and electrophoresis. The immune status was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence. The concentration of IgA, M, E and G, and the levels of IL 2, IL 4, IL 8, TNFα, IFNγ in serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. The activity of neutrophil granulocytes (NG) was studied by chemiluminescent analysis of spontaneous and induced production of reactive oxygen species. Statistical analysis was performed using the software STATISTICA v. 8.0 (USA), RESULTS: We analyzed data from 101 patients with MM and 125 healthy volunteers. The average age of MM patients was 60.53 ± 6.78 years. The group of healthy volunteers was similar in sex and age to groups of patients with MM. In patients with MM in the presence of infectious complications the researchers detected combined secondary development of T and B cell immunodeficiency, changes in non-specific immunity depended on the stage of the disease, unidirectional irregularities in spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence activity NG in II stage disease and multidirectional irregularities in stage III (p = 0.045). Prevalence of the content of proinflammatory cytokines on inflammatory (p < 0.001) and the deviation of the immune response to Th1-type were detected. CONCLUSION the set of 6 informative indicators (the content of IL 4, IL 2, TNF α, IgG, the absolute number of CD4+ and CD19+ cells) enables the development of prediction method of infectious complications in patients with MM.
{"title":"[Clinical and Immunological Features of Infectious Complications in Patients with Multiple Myeloma].","authors":"O. Smirnova, V. Manchuk, Yu N Agilova","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1439","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Infectious complications--the leading cause of mortality in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), their appearance is regarded as an adverse prognostic factor in the course of the disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological features of infectious complications in patients with G-immunochemical MM to find the most informative indicators in their forecasting.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A randomized controlled trial was made. All patients were divided into 3 groupsfor comparison: Group 1 (n = 47)--MM patients, G-immunochemical variant with infection, Group 2 (n = 54)--MM patients, G-immunochemical option no infectious complications, and Group 3 (n = 125)--healthy volunteers. Research material was deoxygenated blood taken on admission of a patient to the hematology department before the pathogenetic treatment. Identification of G-variant was carried by immunofixation and electrophoresis. The immune status was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence. The concentration of IgA, M, E and G, and the levels of IL 2, IL 4, IL 8, TNFα, IFNγ in serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. The activity of neutrophil granulocytes (NG) was studied by chemiluminescent analysis of spontaneous and induced production of reactive oxygen species. Statistical analysis was performed using the software STATISTICA v. 8.0 (USA), RESULTS: We analyzed data from 101 patients with MM and 125 healthy volunteers. The average age of MM patients was 60.53 ± 6.78 years. The group of healthy volunteers was similar in sex and age to groups of patients with MM. In patients with MM in the presence of infectious complications the researchers detected combined secondary development of T and B cell immunodeficiency, changes in non-specific immunity depended on the stage of the disease, unidirectional irregularities in spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence activity NG in II stage disease and multidirectional irregularities in stage III (p = 0.045). Prevalence of the content of proinflammatory cytokines on inflammatory (p < 0.001) and the deviation of the immune response to Th1-type were detected.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000the set of 6 informative indicators (the content of IL 4, IL 2, TNF α, IgG, the absolute number of CD4+ and CD19+ cells) enables the development of prediction method of infectious complications in patients with MM.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"49 1","pages":"534-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86070287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-02DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1441
V. A. Karpel'ev, Yu. I. Filippov, Y. Tarasov, M. D. Boyarsky, A. Y. Mayorov, M. Shestakova, I. Dedov
Interest in the mathematical modeling of the carbohydrate metabolism regulation system increases in recent years. This is associated with a "closed loop" insulin pump development (it controls an insulin infusion depending on the blood glucose level). To create an algorithm for the automatic control of insulin (and other hormones) infusion using an insulin pump it is necessary to accurately predict glycaemia level. So, the primary objective of mathematical modeling is to predict the blood glucose level changes, caused by the wide range of external factors. This review discusses the main mathematical models of blood glucose level control physiological system (simplified insulin-glucose system). The two major classes of models--empirical and theoretical--are described in detail. The ideal mathematical model of carbohydrate metabolism regulatory system is absent. However, the success in the field of blood glucose level control modeling and simulating is essentialfor the further development of diabetes prevention and treatment technologies, and creating an artificial pancreas in particular.
{"title":"[Mathematical Modeling of the Blood Glucose Regulation System in Diabetes Mellitus Patients].","authors":"V. A. Karpel'ev, Yu. I. Filippov, Y. Tarasov, M. D. Boyarsky, A. Y. Mayorov, M. Shestakova, I. Dedov","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I5.1441","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in the mathematical modeling of the carbohydrate metabolism regulation system increases in recent years. This is associated with a \"closed loop\" insulin pump development (it controls an insulin infusion depending on the blood glucose level). To create an algorithm for the automatic control of insulin (and other hormones) infusion using an insulin pump it is necessary to accurately predict glycaemia level. So, the primary objective of mathematical modeling is to predict the blood glucose level changes, caused by the wide range of external factors. This review discusses the main mathematical models of blood glucose level control physiological system (simplified insulin-glucose system). The two major classes of models--empirical and theoretical--are described in detail. The ideal mathematical model of carbohydrate metabolism regulatory system is absent. However, the success in the field of blood glucose level control modeling and simulating is essentialfor the further development of diabetes prevention and treatment technologies, and creating an artificial pancreas in particular.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"3 1","pages":"549-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90214087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-02DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70.i5.1436
D. Morozov, E. Pimenova, E. D. Mirokova
According to the papers thyroid nodules are quite rare in the first two decades of life. However, there are some exceptions, relating to areas with an iodine deficiency or affected by radioactive fallout, where the risk of nodules and carcinomas is increased. Therefore, it is a great challenge for the physician to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions preoperatively, and not only in these areas of greater risk. The authors analyzed current works, which are devoted to diagnostics and treatment of adenomas of thyroid gland in children. This literature review is based on works dedicated to epidemiology, histotypes study, and methods of diagnostics, surgical treatment, prognosis and complications of this pathology. The current tendencies in surgical approaches, intraoperative monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve are also discussed. The actuality of this problem is connected with last decade increase of adenomas in structure of thyroid gland nodules, increase of number of patients with multiple adenomas and with polypathias: adenomas with nodular goiter, autoimmune thyroiditis and cancer in children. The difficulties of diagnostic of adenomas are related to the similar clinical symptoms, cytogenetic characteristics of growth of benign and malignant lesions of thyroid gland. Additionally there is no systematic review about thyroid adenomas in children recent years.
{"title":"[Thyroid Adenomas in Children].","authors":"D. Morozov, E. Pimenova, E. D. Mirokova","doi":"10.15690/vramn.v70.i5.1436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v70.i5.1436","url":null,"abstract":"According to the papers thyroid nodules are quite rare in the first two decades of life. However, there are some exceptions, relating to areas with an iodine deficiency or affected by radioactive fallout, where the risk of nodules and carcinomas is increased. Therefore, it is a great challenge for the physician to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions preoperatively, and not only in these areas of greater risk. The authors analyzed current works, which are devoted to diagnostics and treatment of adenomas of thyroid gland in children. This literature review is based on works dedicated to epidemiology, histotypes study, and methods of diagnostics, surgical treatment, prognosis and complications of this pathology. The current tendencies in surgical approaches, intraoperative monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve are also discussed. The actuality of this problem is connected with last decade increase of adenomas in structure of thyroid gland nodules, increase of number of patients with multiple adenomas and with polypathias: adenomas with nodular goiter, autoimmune thyroiditis and cancer in children. The difficulties of diagnostic of adenomas are related to the similar clinical symptoms, cytogenetic characteristics of growth of benign and malignant lesions of thyroid gland. Additionally there is no systematic review about thyroid adenomas in children recent years.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"11 1","pages":"513-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85356803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-29DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1413
S. Borzenok, D. Afanasyeva, M. Gushchina
Our understanding of the role of adipose tissue has been completely changed during the past decades. The knowledge of its contribution to endocrine and immune pathways opened the new insights on the pathogenesis and therapy of many diseases and new perspectives for the regenerative medicine. The further researches should be provided to study anatomy and functions of local fat depots in more details. Of the most interest is the orbital adipose tissue due to its origin from the neural crest. This review represents the current data about anatomy, structure, cell composition and biochemistry of orbital fat. The main attention is put to such cell types as adipocytes and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. The foreign authors' findings on such characteristics of stem cells from orbital adipose tissue as CD markers and differential capacity are reviewed. The found evidences of interaction between orbital adipose tissue, eyeball and associated structures allow us to hypothesize that this fat depot may contribute to various ocular pathology. In this paper, we outlined the possible directions for further investigation and clinical application of orbital fat and cells its composing in ophthalmology, reconstructive and plastic surgery and regenerative medicine.
{"title":"[Orbital Adipose Tissue: Just a Fat Pad or Terra Incognita in Ophthalmology].","authors":"S. Borzenok, D. Afanasyeva, M. Gushchina","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1413","url":null,"abstract":"Our understanding of the role of adipose tissue has been completely changed during the past decades. The knowledge of its contribution to endocrine and immune pathways opened the new insights on the pathogenesis and therapy of many diseases and new perspectives for the regenerative medicine. The further researches should be provided to study anatomy and functions of local fat depots in more details. Of the most interest is the orbital adipose tissue due to its origin from the neural crest. This review represents the current data about anatomy, structure, cell composition and biochemistry of orbital fat. The main attention is put to such cell types as adipocytes and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. The foreign authors' findings on such characteristics of stem cells from orbital adipose tissue as CD markers and differential capacity are reviewed. The found evidences of interaction between orbital adipose tissue, eyeball and associated structures allow us to hypothesize that this fat depot may contribute to various ocular pathology. In this paper, we outlined the possible directions for further investigation and clinical application of orbital fat and cells its composing in ophthalmology, reconstructive and plastic surgery and regenerative medicine.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"28 1","pages":"464-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87636146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-29DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1415
A. Isaeva, A. P. Zima, I. Shabalova, N. Ryazantseva, Vasil'eva Oa, Kasoayn Kt, T. Saprina, Latypova Vn, I. S. Berezkina, V. Novitskii
The article presents the data on the structure and mechanisms of β-catenin functioning. The basic aspects of the role of β-catenin in malignant transformation have been studied at various tumors. Primary structure of β-catenin allows it to interact with many factors and ligands, including transcription factors, α-catenin, cadherin, Axin, Rho family GTPases, Bcl9 et al. This interaction is the base for β-catenin's intracellular multi-functioning. The review presents data on the participation of β-catenin in the mechanisms of adhesion, regulation of RNA metabolism, formation contacts with the cytoskeleton and its role in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, marked examples pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of β-catenin. The β-catenin involvement in malignant transformation and progression of certain tumors is not in doubt. The data on the changes in β-catenin expression in the given examples of colon cancer, prostate cancer, different forms of thyroid cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma are presented with the prospects of its use as a marker and a predictor of malignant transformation. Continued research in this area will not only make use of β-catenin as a potential predictor of malignant tumors, but also to develop approaches to targeted therapy.
{"title":"[β-Catenin: Structure, Function and Role in Malignant Transformation of Epithelial Cells].","authors":"A. Isaeva, A. P. Zima, I. Shabalova, N. Ryazantseva, Vasil'eva Oa, Kasoayn Kt, T. Saprina, Latypova Vn, I. S. Berezkina, V. Novitskii","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1415","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the data on the structure and mechanisms of β-catenin functioning. The basic aspects of the role of β-catenin in malignant transformation have been studied at various tumors. Primary structure of β-catenin allows it to interact with many factors and ligands, including transcription factors, α-catenin, cadherin, Axin, Rho family GTPases, Bcl9 et al. This interaction is the base for β-catenin's intracellular multi-functioning. The review presents data on the participation of β-catenin in the mechanisms of adhesion, regulation of RNA metabolism, formation contacts with the cytoskeleton and its role in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, marked examples pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of β-catenin. The β-catenin involvement in malignant transformation and progression of certain tumors is not in doubt. The data on the changes in β-catenin expression in the given examples of colon cancer, prostate cancer, different forms of thyroid cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma are presented with the prospects of its use as a marker and a predictor of malignant transformation. Continued research in this area will not only make use of β-catenin as a potential predictor of malignant tumors, but also to develop approaches to targeted therapy.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"1 1","pages":"475-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79088654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-28DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1406
D. A. Morozov, S. Klyuev
Splenectomy is a serious operation, which includes the removal of the largest peripheral immune organ. Vast array of different pools of immunocompetent cells and immune-factors eliminate from the body as a result of this operation. Occurrence of hyposplenism in our country pediatric service is not determined--there are neither clear criteria for its diagnosis, nor approved algorithms for prevention. Data of postsplenectomy sepsis incidence in Russia are unknown. In this review article authors give contemporary literature data relating to the issue of developing hyposplenism and changes in the body after removal of spleen. Systemic effect of organ-resecting operation and the basic directions of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection and sepsis prevention are discussed.
{"title":"[Hyposlenism After Splenectomy].","authors":"D. A. Morozov, S. Klyuev","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1406","url":null,"abstract":"Splenectomy is a serious operation, which includes the removal of the largest peripheral immune organ. Vast array of different pools of immunocompetent cells and immune-factors eliminate from the body as a result of this operation. Occurrence of hyposplenism in our country pediatric service is not determined--there are neither clear criteria for its diagnosis, nor approved algorithms for prevention. Data of postsplenectomy sepsis incidence in Russia are unknown. In this review article authors give contemporary literature data relating to the issue of developing hyposplenism and changes in the body after removal of spleen. Systemic effect of organ-resecting operation and the basic directions of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection and sepsis prevention are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"136 1","pages":"413-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77086160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-28DOI: 10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1409
A. V. Chaplin, A. G. Brzhozovskii, T. Parfenova, L. I. Kafarskaia, N. Volodin, A. Shkoporov, E. Ilina, B. A. Efimov
BACKGROUND The members of genus Bifidobacterium represent a significant part of intestinal microbiota in adults and predominate in infants. Species repertoire of the intestinal bifidobacteria is known to be subjected to major changes with age; however, many details of this process are still to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to study the diversity of intestinal bifidobacteria and changes of their qualitative and quantitative composition characteristics during the process of growing up using MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometric analysis ofpure bacterial cultures. METHODS A cross-sectional study of bifidobacteria in the intestinal microbiota was performed in 93 healthy people of the ages from 1 month to 57 years. Strains were identified using Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS, the confirmation was performed by 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing. RESULTS 93% of isolated bifidobacterial strains were successfully identified using MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry. At least two of the strains from each species were additionally identified by 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing, in all of the cases the results were the same. It was shown that the total concentration of bifidobacteria decreases with age (p<0.001) as well as the frequency of isolation of Bifidobacterium bifidum (p=0.020) and Bifidobacterium breve (p<0.001), and the frequency of isolation of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, increases (p<0.001), representing the continuous process of transformation of microbiota. CONCLUSION The method of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry demonstrated the ability to perform rapid and reliable identification of bifidobacteria that allowed the study of changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human microbiota in the process of growing up.
{"title":"[Species Diversity of Bifidobacteria in the Intestinal Microbiota Studied Using MALDI-TOF Mass-Spectrometry].","authors":"A. V. Chaplin, A. G. Brzhozovskii, T. Parfenova, L. I. Kafarskaia, N. Volodin, A. Shkoporov, E. Ilina, B. A. Efimov","doi":"10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VRAMN.V70.I4.1409","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The members of genus Bifidobacterium represent a significant part of intestinal microbiota in adults and predominate in infants. Species repertoire of the intestinal bifidobacteria is known to be subjected to major changes with age; however, many details of this process are still to be elucidated.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000Our aim was to study the diversity of intestinal bifidobacteria and changes of their qualitative and quantitative composition characteristics during the process of growing up using MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometric analysis ofpure bacterial cultures.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A cross-sectional study of bifidobacteria in the intestinal microbiota was performed in 93 healthy people of the ages from 1 month to 57 years. Strains were identified using Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS, the confirmation was performed by 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u000093% of isolated bifidobacterial strains were successfully identified using MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry. At least two of the strains from each species were additionally identified by 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing, in all of the cases the results were the same. It was shown that the total concentration of bifidobacteria decreases with age (p<0.001) as well as the frequency of isolation of Bifidobacterium bifidum (p=0.020) and Bifidobacterium breve (p<0.001), and the frequency of isolation of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, increases (p<0.001), representing the continuous process of transformation of microbiota.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The method of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry demonstrated the ability to perform rapid and reliable identification of bifidobacteria that allowed the study of changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human microbiota in the process of growing up.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":"12 10 1","pages":"435-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82619318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：