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Pulmonary thromboembolism in adults: Experience from a tertiary care center 成人肺血栓栓塞症:三级护理中心的经验
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.09.011
Vikas Marwah , Robin Choudhary , Gaurav Bhati , Virender Malik , V. Pravin Kumar , Tentu Ajai Kumar , I.M. Pandey , Ashok Basnet

Background

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). We aimed to analyze the risk factors, clinical presentations, evaluation and management strategies as well as outcomes of adult pulmonary thromboembolism cases at a tertiary care center.

Methods

In a retrospective observational study, all consecutive adult pulmonary thromboembolism cases admitted from January 2019 to September 2020 at our center were enrolled in this study.

Results

Forty-eight patients were included in the present study. The commonest presenting features were dyspnea (93.8%) and cough (79.2%). The risk factors included hypertension 11 (23%), diabetes 6 (12%), recent trauma and recent surgery 3 (6%) each, and malignancy in 2 (4%). DVT was present in 12 (25%) cases while history of smoking was significant, 31 present in (64.6%). Tuberculosis was also found to be an important risk factor for PE in 8 (16.7%). The current COVID-19 pandemic has come up as an important risk factor for PTE which was also true in our case with 13 (27%) patients being cases of moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Electrocardiogram revealed sinus tachycardia (56.25%), precordial lead T-wave changes (6.3%), and S1Q3T3 pattern (16.67%). Diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in 81% of cases. Treatment options included low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in 91%, newer oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in 2% of the patients and thrombolysis was needed in 12.5% of patients. There was no in-hospital mortality; however one patient had major bleeding.

Conclusion

The clinical presentation of PE varied from dyspnea to cough, though the commonest feature of dyspnea remains unchanged compared to prior studies. CTPA has been modality of choice for diagnosis, however few patients with high probability for PTE were diagnosed clinically along with suggestive echocardiography and ECG findings. Thus, a high index of suspicion and timely therapeutic anticoagulation with various agents led to effective management and better outcome in the studied patients.
背景:静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)包括深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和肺栓塞(PE)。我们的目的是分析三级保健中心成人肺血栓栓塞病例的危险因素、临床表现、评估和管理策略以及结果。方法采用回顾性观察性研究,纳入2019年1月至2020年9月在我中心连续收治的成人肺血栓栓塞患者。结果48例患者纳入本研究。最常见的表现为呼吸困难(93.8%)和咳嗽(79.2%)。危险因素包括高血压11例(23%),糖尿病6例(12%),近期外伤和近期手术3例(6%),恶性肿瘤2例(4%)。12例(25%)有深静脉血栓,有明显吸烟史的有31例(64.6%)。肺结核也被发现是8例PE(16.7%)的重要危险因素。当前的COVID-19大流行已成为PTE的重要风险因素,在我们的病例中也是如此,13例(27%)患者为中度至重度COVID-19肺炎病例。心电图显示窦性心动过速(56.25%),心前导联t波改变(6.3%),S1Q3T3型(16.67%)。81%的病例通过计算机断层肺血管造影(CTPA)确诊。治疗方案包括91%的患者使用低分子肝素(LMWH), 2%的患者使用较新的口服抗凝剂(NOACs), 12.5%的患者需要溶栓。没有住院死亡率;然而,有一名患者大出血。结论PE的临床表现从呼吸困难到咳嗽不等,但与以往研究相比,最常见的呼吸困难特征保持不变。CTPA一直是诊断的首选方式,然而很少有高概率PTE患者在临床诊断时伴有暗示性超声心动图和心电图表现。因此,高怀疑指数和及时使用各种药物抗凝治疗可使所研究的患者得到有效的管理和更好的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Neuroinflammation in COVID-19: Fibrinogen (fibrin), a potential culprit! COVID-19的神经炎症:纤维蛋白原(纤维蛋白),一个潜在的罪魁祸首!
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.07.008
Rohan Magoon, Shalvi Mahajan
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引用次数: 0
Extended spectrum beta-lactamase and aminoglycoside modifying enzyme genes in multi drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria: A snapshot from a tertiary care centre 广谱β -内酰胺酶和氨基糖苷修饰酶基因在多重耐药革兰氏阴性细菌:快照从三级保健中心
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.09.007
Muqtadir Malik , Mahadevan Kumar , Gurpreet Singh Bhalla , Kundan Tandel

Background

This study aims to enhance the existing knowledge of the prevalence of genes responsible for beta-lactam resistance and aminoglycoside resistance in gram negative organisms by molecular detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes in multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

Methods

Out of 864 gram-negative isolates, 710 were phenotypically identified as multidrug-resistant by antibiotic susceptibility testing. From the above isolates, 102 representative isolates as per sample size calculated were selected for further molecular studies. The presence of blaTEM, blaCTX-M blaSHV, and five AmpC genes was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Conventional PCR was performed to detect seven aminoglycoside modifying enzyme genes namely aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ic, aac(3)-Ia, aac(3)-Ib, aac(3)-IIa, ant(2'')-Ia, and ant(4'')-IIa.

Results

Most common multidrug-resistant isolate was Klebsiella pneumoniae (35%) followed by Escherichia coli (30%). Among the 102 selected isolates all harboured blaTEM gene, 71 (69.6%) harboured blaCTX-M gene and 48 (47%) blaSHV gene. Among the selected isolates 60% showed the presence of AmpC genes. Most common aminoglycosie modifying enzyme gene was AAC 6' Ib (51%) followed by ANT 2" Ia (36%).

Conclusion

This study suggests a wider use of molecular methods using specific PCR amplification of resistance genes. It would be beneficial to perform the molecular identification of antimicrobial resistance genes to effectively monitor and manage antibiotic resistance, administer appropriate antimicrobial medication, practice antimicrobial stewardship and improve hospital infection control procedures.
本研究旨在通过对多重耐药革兰氏阴性菌的广谱β -内酰胺酶和氨基糖苷修饰酶的分子检测,进一步了解革兰氏阴性菌中β -内酰胺和氨基糖苷耐药基因的流行情况。方法864株革兰氏阴性分离株经药敏试验表型鉴定为多重耐药的710株。从上述分离株中,根据计算的样本量选择102株具有代表性的分离株进行进一步的分子研究。采用实时聚合酶链反应(real-time polymerase chain reaction, PCR)检测blaTEM、blaCTX-M、blaSHV和5个AmpC基因的存在。采用常规PCR检测7个氨基糖苷修饰酶基因aac(6′)-Ib、aac(6′)-Ic、aac(3)-Ia、aac(3)-Ib、aac(3)-IIa、ant(2′)-Ia和ant(4′)-IIa。结果最常见的耐多药分离菌为肺炎克雷伯菌(35%),其次为大肠杆菌(30%)。102株分离株中blaCTX-M基因和blaSHV基因分别为71株(69.6%)和48株(47%)。所选菌株中有60%存在AmpC基因。最常见的氨基糖修饰酶基因是AAC 6′Ib(51%),其次是ant2′Ia(36%)。结论本研究提示利用分子方法特异性扩增耐药基因具有广阔的应用前景。开展抗微生物药物耐药性基因的分子鉴定,有助于有效监测和管理抗生素耐药性,合理使用抗微生物药物,实施抗微生物药物管理,完善医院感染控制程序。
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引用次数: 0
Sweetness and positivity together aren't a happy ending: Case controlled study amongst severe COVID-19 for impact of diabetes mellitus on survival 甜美与积极并不是一个完美的结局:COVID-19重症患者糖尿病对存活影响的病例对照研究。
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.010
Uday Yanamandra , Srinath Rajagopal , Bhavya Aggarwal , Praneet Kaur , Anurag Singh , Nupur Aggarwal , Pavan B. Sai Kumar , Gaytri Duhan , Rajesh Sahu , A.S. Menon

Background

India is the epicenter of diabetes mellitus (DM). The relationship between COVID and DM in age/gender-matched non-diabetics has not been studied yet. The role of DM in predicting the disease severity and outcome in COVID patients might provide new insight for effective management.

Methods

We conducted a prospective comparative study at a COVID care center from 25th April–31st May 2021. Among 357 severe-COVID patients screened, all consecutive diabetes (n-113) and age/gender-matched non-diabetes (n-113) patients were recruited. All diabetics and non-diabetics at admission were subjected to high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, ferritin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)) before starting anti- COVID therapy. Statistical analysis was done using JMP 15·0 ver·3·0·0.

Results

The prevalence of DM among the screened population (n-357) was 38·37%. The mean age of the study population was 61y with male preponderance (57%). There was no statistical difference in the HRCT-score or inflammatory markers in the two groups except for higher NLR (p-0·0283) in diabetics. Diabetics had significantly inferior overall survival (OS) (p-0·0251) with a 15d-OS of diabetics vs. non-diabetics being 58·87%, 72·67%, and 30d-OS of diabetics vs. non-diabetics being 46·76%, 64·61%, respectively. The duration of the hospital stay was not statistically different in the two groups (p-0·2).

Conclusion

The mortality is significantly higher in severe-COVID patients with DM when compared to age/gender-matched non-diabetics. There was no significant difference in most inflammatory markers/CT at admission between the two groups.
背景:印度是糖尿病(DM)的中心:印度是糖尿病(DM)的中心。目前尚未研究年龄/性别匹配的非糖尿病患者中 COVID 与 DM 之间的关系。DM 在预测 COVID 患者疾病严重程度和预后方面的作用可能会为有效管理提供新的见解:我们于 2021 年 4 月 25 日至 5 月 31 日在一家 COVID 护理中心进行了一项前瞻性比较研究。在筛查出的 357 名重度 COVID 患者中,我们招募了所有连续的糖尿病患者(n-113)和年龄/性别匹配的非糖尿病患者(n-113)。所有糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者在入院时均接受了胸部高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)和炎症指标(C-反应蛋白(CRP)、D-二聚体、铁蛋白、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR))检查,然后才开始接受抗 COVID 治疗。统计分析采用 JMP 15-0 ver-3-0-0 进行:结果:在接受筛查的人群(n-357)中,DM 患病率为 38%-37%。研究人群的平均年龄为 61 岁,男性占多数(57%)。除了糖尿病患者的 NLR(P-0-0283)较高外,两组患者的 HRCT 评分或炎症指标均无统计学差异。糖尿病患者的总生存期(OS)明显低于非糖尿病患者(p-0-0251),糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者的15d-OS分别为58-87%和72-67%,糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者的30d-OS分别为46-76%和64-61%。两组患者的住院时间无统计学差异(P-0-2):结论:与年龄/性别匹配的非糖尿病患者相比,患有糖尿病的重度COVID患者死亡率明显较高。结论:与年龄/性别匹配的非糖尿病患者相比,患有糖尿病的重度 COVID 患者的死亡率明显更高,两组患者入院时的大多数炎症指标/CT 均无明显差异。
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引用次数: 0
Magnetic foreign body ingestion: An avoidable attraction in children 磁性异物摄入:儿童可避免的吸引力
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.12.013
Iti Jain, V. Shankar Raman, Gunjan Singh
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引用次数: 0
Periumbilical contact dermatitis mimicking Cullen's Sign 类似库伦征的脐周接触性皮炎
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.09.010
Suchi Acharya, K.M. Adhikari
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引用次数: 0
Lupoid leishmaniasis successfully treated with oral fluconazole in a child 口服氟康唑成功治疗儿童狼疮样利什曼病1例
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.12.014
Arshiya Khan, Bhushan Madke, Vikrant Saoji, Kaveri Rusia, Sharwari Jaiswal, Soham Meghe
{"title":"Lupoid leishmaniasis successfully treated with oral fluconazole in a child","authors":"Arshiya Khan,&nbsp;Bhushan Madke,&nbsp;Vikrant Saoji,&nbsp;Kaveri Rusia,&nbsp;Sharwari Jaiswal,&nbsp;Soham Meghe","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S368-S370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47786764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trench foot: A forgotten entity! 战壕脚一个被遗忘的实体!
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.11.002
Balakrishnan Arivalagan, Rohit Vashisht, Vijoy Kumar Jha, Aakash K M, Srishti Bhardwaj
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引用次数: 0
Unmasking of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases following vaccination 接种疫苗后无症状 COVID-19 病例的解蔽。
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.001
Saurabh Bobdey, S.K. Kaushik, Rajesh Vaidya, Arun Kumar Yadav, Suraj Kapoor, Prabhakar Teli, Prem Vardhan, Kunal Koundinya, Gurmanbir Singh Dhillon
{"title":"Unmasking of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases following vaccination","authors":"Saurabh Bobdey,&nbsp;S.K. Kaushik,&nbsp;Rajesh Vaidya,&nbsp;Arun Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Suraj Kapoor,&nbsp;Prabhakar Teli,&nbsp;Prem Vardhan,&nbsp;Kunal Koundinya,&nbsp;Gurmanbir Singh Dhillon","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S344-S346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40677213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The importance of the immunohematologic evaluation for presumed autoimmune hemolytic anemia in the COVID-19 era COVID-19 时代对假定自身免疫性溶血性贫血进行免疫血液学评估的重要性。
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.03.012
Jeremy W. Jacobs, T.D. Schlafer
{"title":"The importance of the immunohematologic evaluation for presumed autoimmune hemolytic anemia in the COVID-19 era","authors":"Jeremy W. Jacobs,&nbsp;T.D. Schlafer","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S389-S391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9769928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Medical Journal Armed Forces India
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