Medical Journal Armed Forces India最新文献

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Computer simulation in pharmaceutical research and drug development for pharmacokinetic and therapeutic optimization 药物研究和药物开发中用于药代动力学和治疗优化的计算机模拟

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.10.007

Vikas Jogpal, Aashish Sharma, Rahul Pratap Singh, Vikas Jhawat

引用次数: 0

Aplasia cutis congenita 先天性皮肤增生症

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.12.002

Divyanshi, Subhash Chandra Shaw

引用次数: 0

Neonatal caudal regression syndrome: Devil lies in details 新生儿尾端退化综合征:细节决定成败

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.12.004

Praneetha Mude, Usha Devi, Pankaj K. Mohanty, Tapas K. Som, Tanushree Sahoo

引用次数: 0

Fibrous bodies in pituitary adenoma 垂体腺瘤中的纤维体

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2024.02.005

Abhilasha Nijalingappa Shigihalli, Anil Kumar, Mandeep Sharma, Arun Prasad Balasubramanian, Manoj Gopal Madakshira

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and impact of obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A descriptive cross-sectional study 2型糖尿病患者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的患病率和影响：一项描述性横断面研究

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.07.008

Puneet Saxena , Dharmendra Singh , Yashpal Singh

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been reported to have a high prevalence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is scarcity of literature on relationship between OSA and diabetes in Indian population.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital and 80 consecutive and consenting patients with diabetes were enrolled over 24 months from 01 Sep 2014 to 31 Aug 2016. After a detailed history and clinical examination, all patients were subjected to a level I polysomnography (PSG), and their blood sample was drawn for the assessment of diabetes control, insulin resistance, and microvascular complications.

Results

Out of 80 patients with diabetes, 30 (37.5%) patients had a high-risk score on Berlin questionnaire and 59 (73.8%) patients had evidence of OSA by PSG. The prevalence of OSA in diabetics with normal body mass index, waist circumference, and neck circumference was 65.5%, 64.2%, and 67.2%, respectively. Patients with OSA had a significantly higher mean glycosylated hemoglobin (correlation coefficient 0.53) and higher insulin resistance (correlation coefficient 0.78). Patients with microvascular complications had a higher prevalence of OSA than those without. This included neuropathy (100% versus 62.5%), retinopathy (100% versus 69.6%) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (90.9% versus 52.8%). Patients with any microvascular complication were significantly more likely to have OSA (odds ratio 13.66, 95% confidence interval 3.94–47.37, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Indian patients with diabetes have a high prevalence of OSA, regardless of obesity. Patients with diabetes and OSA have poorer diabetes control, more insulin resistance, and higher prevalence of microvascular complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy.

背景：据报道，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）在2型糖尿病患者中发病率很高。关于印度人群中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与糖尿病关系的文献很少。方法于2014年9月1日至2016年8月31日，在一家三级医院进行了一项横断面观察性研究，纳入80例连续且同意的糖尿病患者，为期24个月。在详细的病史和临床检查后，所有患者接受I级多导睡眠描记仪（PSG）检查，并抽血评估糖尿病控制、胰岛素抵抗和微血管并发症。结果80例糖尿病患者中，30例（37.5%）患者在柏林问卷中有高危评分，59例（73.8%）患者在PSG中有OSA的证据。体重指数、腰围和颈围正常的糖尿病患者的OSA患病率分别为65.5%、64.2%和67.2%。OSA患者的平均糖化血红蛋白显著增高（相关系数0.53），胰岛素抵抗显著增高（相关系数0.78）。有微血管并发症的患者的OSA患病率高于无微血管并发症的患者。这包括神经病变（100%对62.5%）、视网膜病变（100%对69.6%）和糖尿病肾病（DKD）（90.9%对52.8%）。有微血管并发症的患者发生OSA的可能性显著增加(优势比13.66,95%可信区间3.94-47.37,p <；0.001)。结论与肥胖无关，印度糖尿病患者OSA患病率较高。糖尿病和OSA患者糖尿病控制较差，胰岛素抵抗较多，肾病、神经病变、视网膜病变等微血管并发症发生率较高。

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引用次数: 0

Protected or not? Hepatitis B vaccination status among healthcare workers and the level of protection post-vaccination 是否受保护？医护人员乙肝疫苗接种情况及接种后防护水平

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.01.013

Manish Manrai , P. Harikrishnan , Rajesh Sahu , S.P.S. Shergill

Background

Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the major concerns in global health care. With a far-reaching health, social, economic impact, preventive strategies form the cornerstone of its management. Knowledge about vaccination status and protection rendered thereof would aid in more wholesome management among highrisk population groups like healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Hepatitis B vaccination status among Healthcare workers (HCW) and the level of protection post-vaccination.

Methods

During the study period a total of 420 HCWs were included in the study. The details of vaccination status was ascertained by an online questionnaire. Serum samples were evaluated for HBsAg status and Anti HBs titres to assess the level of protection against HBV infection. Those who were HBsAg negative, anti-HBc total was assessed.

Results

Our study revealed a high vaccination status among HCWs, n-384 (93.2%). However, the percentage of HCWs who were completely vaccinated was low (56.3%). Most of the study population, n-395 (95.6%) had protective titres of anti-HBs which showed a declining trend with increasing duration since the last dose of the vaccine.

Conclusion

Hepatitis B infection continues to be an important health hazard with significant morbidity and mortality. Healthcare workers are at higher risk of contracting the infection. Merely considering the vaccination status without knowing the protective anti-HBs titres is to be discouraged as it has been observed that the protective antibody titres show a declining trend with time as even completely vaccinated individuals had non-protective levels of antibody titres.

乙型肝炎病毒感染是全球卫生保健的主要问题之一。预防战略具有深远的健康、社会和经济影响，是其管理的基石。了解疫苗接种状况及其保护措施将有助于对卫生保健工作者等高危人群进行更健康的管理。本研究的目的是评估卫生保健工作者（HCW）的乙肝疫苗接种状况和疫苗接种后的保护水平。方法研究期间共纳入420名健康护理人员。通过在线问卷调查确定疫苗接种状况的细节。评估血清样本的HBsAg状态和抗HBs滴度，以评估对HBV感染的保护水平。检测HBsAg阴性者的抗- hbc总量。结果卫生保健工作者的疫苗接种率较高，n-384（93.2%）。然而，卫生保健工作者完全接种疫苗的比例很低（56.3%）。大多数研究人群n-395（95.6%）具有抗- hbs保护滴度，自最后一次接种疫苗以来，随着接种时间的增加，抗- hbs保护滴度呈下降趋势。结论乙型肝炎感染仍是一种重要的健康危害，发病率和死亡率均较高。卫生保健工作者感染这种病毒的风险较高。不鼓励仅仅考虑疫苗接种状态而不知道保护性抗hbs滴度，因为已经观察到保护性抗体滴度随着时间的推移呈下降趋势，即使完全接种疫苗的个体也有非保护性抗体滴度。

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引用次数: 0

Experience in developing and implementing the self-directed learning assessment tools among undergraduate medical students 在医科本科生中开发和实施自主学习评估工具的经验

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.04.002

Puja Dulloo , Suman Singh , Minal Patel , Praveen Singh , Amol Dongre , Neeraj Vedi

Background

The upcoming changes in digital technology have motivated health professionals to be lifelong learners and be updated with the recent trends. Self-directed learning (SDL) is one of the approaches for making undergraduate students health/ profession students lifelong learners. Moreover, the SDL approach allows learners to work in a team and gain social skills. The aim of the study was to develop and validate the facilitator and peer score sheet as an assessment tool for self-directed learning in the department of physiology, in the Indian context.

Method

The facilitator and peer score sheet was developed and validated by the Delphi technique. The score sheet was implemented as a pilot test for one of the SDL modules in the department of physiology for undergraduate students.

Result

Two Delphi rounds were conducted till the content validity index (CVI) for the Facilitator Score Sheet (FSS), for 10 items attained was 0.977 and a CVI of 0.90 for seven items was for the Peer Score Sheet (PSS). The Coefficient of Variance (CV) in FSS for items 6, 10, and 11 and in PSS for item 6 was more than 30, which is not acceptable, so the item needed to be modified or removed from the list.

Conclusion

Varied assessment strategies are required for the SDL module to attain academic gain as per cognitive and affective attributional gains. Although novel, the present scale needs to be modified after incorporating all the recommendations from different stakeholders before reusing it for the students’ SDL module.

即将到来的数字技术变革促使卫生专业人员成为终身学习者，并与最新趋势保持同步。自主学习（SDL）是使本科卫生专业学生成为终身学习者的途径之一。此外，SDL方法允许学习者在团队中工作并获得社交技能。该研究的目的是开发和验证促进者和同伴计分表作为印度生理学系自主学习的评估工具。方法采用德尔菲法编制引导者和同伴评分表，并进行验证。该计分表是作为生理学系本科SDL模块之一的试点测试实施的。结果共进行2轮德尔菲调查，获得Facilitator Score Sheet （FSS）的内容效度指数（CVI），其中10个项目的CVI为0.977，同行评分Sheet （PSS）的7个项目的CVI为0.90。FSS中第6、10、11项和PSS中第6项的方差系数（CV）大于30，这是不可接受的，因此需要修改或从列表中删除。结论根据认知归因和情感归因的不同，SDL模块需要不同的评估策略来获得学术收益。目前的量表虽然新颖，但在将其重新用于学生的SDL模块之前，需要在纳入不同利益相关者的所有建议后进行修改。

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引用次数: 0

Disseminated talaromycosis: Truly uncommon or uncommonly recognized? 弥散性芳香菌病:真的不常见还是不常见?

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.12.008

Padamata Harika , Bhushan Asthana , Rohit Vashisht , Naveen Yadav , Nandita Hazra , Manish Manrai , Anil S. Menon

34 years old male from north-east India, a known case of retroviral disease, presented with shortness of breath and significant weight loss and was found to have pancytopenia, skin lesions, organomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy, cavitary lung disease with very low CD4 counts. He failed to improve on empirical antitubercular therapy and further evaluation revealed features of disseminated talaromycosis on bone marrow studies. We hereby present an interesting case of a systemic fungal disease in the setting of advanced HIV infection.

来自印度东北部的34岁男性，已知逆转录病毒疾病病例，表现为呼吸短促和体重明显减轻，发现有全血细胞减少症、皮肤病变、器官肿大、全身淋巴结病、空洞性肺病，CD4计数极低。他未能改进经验性抗结核治疗，进一步的评估在骨髓研究中揭示了弥散性塔氏菌病的特征。我们在此提出一个有趣的情况下，全身性真菌疾病在设置晚期艾滋病毒感染。

引用次数: 0

Topical imiquimod: A miraculous option in extramammary Paget’s disease? 局部咪喹莫特：治疗乳腺外Paget病（EMPD）的神奇选择？

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.05.003

Richa Kumar, Manas Chatterjee

引用次数: 0

Autoerotism and foreign body bladder 自体性行为和异物膀胱

Q2 Medicine

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.07.004

Rahul Sandhu , Deepak Dwivedi

引用次数: 0

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