Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.32890/jict2022.21.2.4
A. Elaraby, Z. Al-Ameen
Edge detection is the diverse way used to detect boundaries in digital images. Many methods exist to achieve this purpose, yet not all of them can produce results with high detection ratios. Some may have high complexity, and others may require numerous inputs. Therefore, a new multi-phase algorithm that depends on information theory is introduced in this article to detect the edges of aerial images adequately in a fully automatic manner. The proposed algorithm operated by utilizing Shannon and Hill entropies with specific rules along with a non-complex edge detector to record the vital edge information. The proposed algorithm was examined with different aerial images, its performances appraised against six existing approaches, and the outcomes were assessed using three image evaluation methods. From the results, promising performances were recorded as the proposed algorithm performed the best in many aspects and provided satisfactory results. The results of the proposed algorithm had high edge detection ratios as it was able to capture most of the significant edges of the given images. Such findings make the proposed algorithm desirable to be used as a key image detection method with other image-related applications.
{"title":"Multi-Phase Information Theory-Based Algorithm for Edge Detection of Aerial Images","authors":"A. Elaraby, Z. Al-Ameen","doi":"10.32890/jict2022.21.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/jict2022.21.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Edge detection is the diverse way used to detect boundaries in digital images. Many methods exist to achieve this purpose, yet not all of them can produce results with high detection ratios. Some may have high complexity, and others may require numerous inputs. Therefore, a new multi-phase algorithm that depends on information theory is introduced in this article to detect the edges of aerial images adequately in a fully automatic manner. The proposed algorithm operated by utilizing Shannon and Hill entropies with specific rules along with a non-complex edge detector to record the vital edge information. The proposed algorithm was examined with different aerial images, its performances appraised against six existing approaches, and the outcomes were assessed using three image evaluation methods. From the results, promising performances were recorded as the proposed algorithm performed the best in many aspects and provided satisfactory results. The results of the proposed algorithm had high edge detection ratios as it was able to capture most of the significant edges of the given images. Such findings make the proposed algorithm desirable to be used as a key image detection method with other image-related applications.","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78787819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With rapid technological progress in the Internet of Things (IoT), it has become imperative to concentrate on its security aspect. This paper represents a model that accounts for the detection of botnets through the use of machine learning algorithms. The model examined anomalies, commonly referred to as botnets, in a cluster of IoT devices attempting to connect to a network. Essentially, this paper exhibited the use of transport layer data (User Datagram Protocol- UDP) generated through IoT devices. An intelligent novel model comprising Random Forest Classifier with Independent Component Analysis (ICA) was proposed for botnet detection in IoT devices. Various machine learning algorithms were also implemented upon the processed data for comparative analysis. The experimental results of the proposed model generated state-of-the-art results for three different datasets, achieving up to 99.99% accuracy effectively with the lowest prediction time of 0.12 seconds without overfitting. The significance of this study lies in detecting botnets in IoT devices effectively and efficiently under all circumstances by utilizing ICA with Random Forest Classifier, which is a simple machine learning algorithm.
{"title":"Botnet Detection in IoT Devices Using Random Forest Classifier with Independent Component Analysis","authors":"Nazmus Sakib Akash, Shakir Rouf, Sigma Jahan, Amlan Chowdhury, J. Uddin","doi":"10.32890/jict2022.21.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/jict2022.21.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"With rapid technological progress in the Internet of Things (IoT), it has become imperative to concentrate on its security aspect. This paper represents a model that accounts for the detection of botnets through the use of machine learning algorithms. The model examined anomalies, commonly referred to as botnets, in a cluster of IoT devices attempting to connect to a network. Essentially, this paper exhibited the use of transport layer data (User Datagram Protocol- UDP) generated through IoT devices. An intelligent novel model comprising Random Forest Classifier with Independent Component Analysis (ICA) was proposed for botnet detection in IoT devices. Various machine learning algorithms were also implemented upon the processed data for comparative analysis. The experimental results of the proposed model generated state-of-the-art results for three different datasets, achieving up to 99.99% accuracy effectively with the lowest prediction time of 0.12 seconds without overfitting. The significance of this study lies in detecting botnets in IoT devices effectively and efficiently under all circumstances by utilizing ICA with Random Forest Classifier, which is a simple machine learning algorithm.","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"218 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77694821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-05DOI: 10.51548/joctec-2022-003
T. Suzuki, Alcides Velasquez
Individuals’ ability to use social media effectively, efficiently, and appropriately is increasingly important as these platforms become a common source for news and political expression. Differences in social media skills have important implications for politics, potentially generating a democratic divide. The present study examines the extent to which an individual’s perceptions of information navigation and social skills, two dimensions of social media skills, are related to social media political expression through cross-cutting exposure and pro-attitudinal exposure. Survey results show that social media skills are positively related to social media political expression through pro-attitudinal exposure, and social media skills hold a direct negative relationship with social media political expression. Implications of a social media skills divide and its relationship with social media political expression are discussed.
{"title":"Social Media Skills and Social Media Political Expression: The Mediating Role of Pro-Attitudinal and Cross-Cutting Exposure","authors":"T. Suzuki, Alcides Velasquez","doi":"10.51548/joctec-2022-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51548/joctec-2022-003","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals’ ability to use social media effectively, efficiently, and appropriately is increasingly important as these platforms become a common source for news and political expression. Differences in social media skills have important implications for politics, potentially generating a democratic divide. The present study examines the extent to which an individual’s perceptions of information navigation and social skills, two dimensions of social media skills, are related to social media political expression through cross-cutting exposure and pro-attitudinal exposure. Survey results show that social media skills are positively related to social media political expression through pro-attitudinal exposure, and social media skills hold a direct negative relationship with social media political expression. Implications of a social media skills divide and its relationship with social media political expression are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77773176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-05DOI: 10.51548/joctec-2022-002
Brent J. Hale, M. Alberta, Seung Woo Chae
Emerging research has begun examining the utility of social media platforms for information dissemination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following this developing thread, this work examines discourse within r/coronavirus, a Reddit forum (i.e., subreddit) developed to curate COVID-19 information that burgeoned during the early months of the pandemic. Through a content analysis of 226 posts and 2260 corresponding comments generated between February and May, 2020, this study investigated early-pandemic communication patterns in this platform, including what information was deemed important and how users framed causes and solutions. Overall, findings indicate that users of r/coronavirus prioritized information about COVID-19 spread, public health information (e.g., mask mandates), political and economic implications of COVID-19, and the experiences of medical workers, while also shaming people who failed to follow public health guidelines. Discourse was collectivistically oriented and negatively valenced, and engagement with the subreddit decreased over time, suggesting COVID-19 fatigue among r/coronavirus users. Taken together, this study provides a window into early pandemic discourse, furthering our understanding of COVID-19 communication in early 2020 and revealing informational needs that could be targeted during future health emergencies. Furthermore, progressive fatigue in r/coronavirus (i.e., decreasing curational motivation) showcases a difficulty facing public health communicators during a pandemic’s emergence.
{"title":"Reddit as a Source of COVID-19 Information: A Content Analysis of r/coronavirus During the Early Pandemic","authors":"Brent J. Hale, M. Alberta, Seung Woo Chae","doi":"10.51548/joctec-2022-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51548/joctec-2022-002","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging research has begun examining the utility of social media platforms for information dissemination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following this developing thread, this work examines discourse within r/coronavirus, a Reddit forum (i.e., subreddit) developed to curate COVID-19 information that burgeoned during the early months of the pandemic. Through a content analysis of 226 posts and 2260 corresponding comments generated between February and May, 2020, this study investigated early-pandemic communication patterns in this platform, including what information was deemed important and how users framed causes and solutions. Overall, findings indicate that users of r/coronavirus prioritized information about COVID-19 spread, public health information (e.g., mask mandates), political and economic implications of COVID-19, and the experiences of medical workers, while also shaming people who failed to follow public health guidelines. Discourse was collectivistically oriented and negatively valenced, and engagement with the subreddit decreased over time, suggesting COVID-19 fatigue among r/coronavirus users. Taken together, this study provides a window into early pandemic discourse, furthering our understanding of COVID-19 communication in early 2020 and revealing informational needs that could be targeted during future health emergencies. Furthermore, progressive fatigue in r/coronavirus (i.e., decreasing curational motivation) showcases a difficulty facing public health communicators during a pandemic’s emergence.","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89504138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-05DOI: 10.51548/joctec-2022-001
Lewen Wei, J. Myrick
Green consumerism is a growing trend that may contribute to a more sustainable society. However, lack of motivation to pursue a green lifestyle might subject consumers to well-documented moral licensing effects. Moreover, individuals with conservative ideological leanings are also less predisposed to take environmentally friendly actions, suggesting that sustainability communication strategies may need to differ by user ideology. The present study tested gamification techniques as a way to boost green motivations for consumers with varying political ideologies. Through an online experiment (N = 531), we reported null findings with respect to the effects of gamification techniques and political ideology on consumers’ behavioral intentions. Implications and directions for future work on sustainability communication are discussed.
{"title":"Gamifying Green Consumerism Websites: Can Gamification Mitigate Moral Licensing and Ideological Resistance to Green Behaviors?","authors":"Lewen Wei, J. Myrick","doi":"10.51548/joctec-2022-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51548/joctec-2022-001","url":null,"abstract":"Green consumerism is a growing trend that may contribute to a more sustainable society. However, lack of motivation to pursue a green lifestyle might subject consumers to well-documented moral licensing effects. Moreover, individuals with conservative ideological leanings are also less predisposed to take environmentally friendly actions, suggesting that sustainability communication strategies may need to differ by user ideology. The present study tested gamification techniques as a way to boost green motivations for consumers with varying political ideologies. Through an online experiment (N = 531), we reported null findings with respect to the effects of gamification techniques and political ideology on consumers’ behavioral intentions. Implications and directions for future work on sustainability communication are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90772483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-05DOI: 10.51548/10.51548/joctec-2022-004
Megan Cox, Casey Yetter
Virtual reality (VR) technology often provides immersive experiences through which consumers can better understand how a product works or why they should invest in a product (Dennis, 2010). Consumers who use VR are often able to simulate authentic experiences that feel “real-life” (Diemer et al., 2015). VR experience has also been associated with the characteristics of immersion, presence, interactivity (Mutterlein, 2018), and vividness (Van Kerrebroeck et al., 2017). Novelty and first-time VR use have been investigated to some extent in research on education (Adams et al., 2009; Merchant et al., 2014), but VR novelty has not been studied in-depth in other disciplines. This study takes a phenomenological approach, which uses in-depth descriptions of participants’ experiences of a real-life phenomenon to understand those experiences better and lay the foundation for future studies (Cresswell & Poth, 2018). The research uses a sample of 27 participants who experienced VR for the first time and answered open-ended questions concerning that experience, in addition to demographic questions. Participants were given 30 minutes each to select from various VR games and YouTube 360 videos in their first-ever encounter with using a VR headset. In-depth field notes were taken during the experience by the researchers, and post-experience interview prompts for participants were based on previous studies on VR immersion and flow theory. This exploratory, phenomenological study provides three themes that emerged from the data: disorientation and immersion, surprise, and a gradual release on reality. Possibilities for future research and the addition of novelty to the technology acceptance model are discussed.
虚拟现实(VR)技术通常提供身临其境的体验，通过这种体验，消费者可以更好地了解产品是如何工作的，或者他们为什么应该投资于产品(丹尼斯，2010)。使用VR的消费者通常能够模拟真实的体验，感觉“真实”(Diemer et al.， 2015)。VR体验还与沉浸感、存在感、互动性(Mutterlein, 2018)和生动性(Van Kerrebroeck等人，2017)等特征有关。在教育研究中，对新奇感和首次使用VR进行了一定程度的调查(Adams et al.， 2009;Merchant et al.， 2014)，但VR新颖性在其他学科中尚未得到深入研究。本研究采用现象学方法，对参与者对现实生活现象的体验进行深入描述，以更好地理解这些体验，为未来的研究奠定基础(Cresswell & Poth, 2018)。该研究使用了27名参与者的样本，他们首次体验虚拟现实，并回答了有关该体验的开放式问题，以及人口统计问题。参与者有30分钟的时间从各种VR游戏和YouTube 360视频中进行选择，这是他们第一次使用VR耳机。研究人员在体验过程中进行了深入的现场笔记，并根据先前关于VR沉浸和心流理论的研究为参与者提供了体验后访谈提示。这个探索性的现象学研究提供了从数据中出现的三个主题:迷失方向和沉浸，惊喜和对现实的逐渐释放。讨论了未来研究的可能性以及在技术接受模型中加入新颖性的可能性。
{"title":"“This Is So Cool”: A Phenomenological Study on Virtual Reality Novelty","authors":"Megan Cox, Casey Yetter","doi":"10.51548/10.51548/joctec-2022-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51548/10.51548/joctec-2022-004","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality (VR) technology often provides immersive experiences through which consumers can better understand how a product works or why they should invest in a product (Dennis, 2010). Consumers who use VR are often able to simulate authentic experiences that feel “real-life” (Diemer et al., 2015). VR experience has also been associated with the characteristics of immersion, presence, interactivity (Mutterlein, 2018), and vividness (Van Kerrebroeck et al., 2017). Novelty and first-time VR use have been investigated to some extent in research on education (Adams et al., 2009; Merchant et al., 2014), but VR novelty has not been studied in-depth in other disciplines. This study takes a phenomenological approach, which uses in-depth descriptions of participants’ experiences of a real-life phenomenon to understand those experiences better and lay the foundation for future studies (Cresswell & Poth, 2018). The research uses a sample of 27 participants who experienced VR for the first time and answered open-ended questions concerning that experience, in addition to demographic questions. Participants were given 30 minutes each to select from various VR games and YouTube 360 videos in their first-ever encounter with using a VR headset. In-depth field notes were taken during the experience by the researchers, and post-experience interview prompts for participants were based on previous studies on VR immersion and flow theory. This exploratory, phenomenological study provides three themes that emerged from the data: disorientation and immersion, surprise, and a gradual release on reality. Possibilities for future research and the addition of novelty to the technology acceptance model are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83151489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-05DOI: 10.51548/joctec-2022-005
Sohana Nasrin
Kakao Talk and Facebook: Korean American Youth Constructing Hybrid Identities by Jiwoo Park and Dafna Lemish is a vital addition to the literature that deals with identity development in the digital age. We live in an epoch when the technological devices we use afford us immense opportunities to form identities in virtual spaces. However, the most critical aspect of Park and Lemish’s book is that it delineates the process of creating hybrid identities—that links identity formation in virtual spaces to that of offline—of an immigrant youth group, namely the Korean American community. Throughout the book, the authors tackle the nuances of adolescent immigrant identity creation, such as the struggle of ethnic identity development, the practice of photo-sharing through smartphones, and bilingualism. By looking at the subject matter through the lens of segmented assimilation theory, this book's findings help make sense of the process by which immigrant children in the United States use digital media technologies, often creatively, to preserve and redefine ethnic identities while dealing with the local assimilative forces. Both authors identify as immigrants, which helps them develop a solid immersive methodology as they interview the Korean American youth who participated in the study.
{"title":"Kakao Talk and Facebook [Book Review]","authors":"Sohana Nasrin","doi":"10.51548/joctec-2022-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51548/joctec-2022-005","url":null,"abstract":"Kakao Talk and Facebook: Korean American Youth Constructing Hybrid Identities by Jiwoo Park and Dafna Lemish is a vital addition to the literature that deals with identity development in the digital age. We live in an epoch when the technological devices we use afford us immense opportunities to form identities in virtual spaces. However, the most critical aspect of Park and Lemish’s book is that it delineates the process of creating hybrid identities—that links identity formation in virtual spaces to that of offline—of an immigrant youth group, namely the Korean American community. Throughout the book, the authors tackle the nuances of adolescent immigrant identity creation, such as the struggle of ethnic identity development, the practice of photo-sharing through smartphones, and bilingualism. By looking at the subject matter through the lens of segmented assimilation theory, this book's findings help make sense of the process by which immigrant children in the United States use digital media technologies, often creatively, to preserve and redefine ethnic identities while dealing with the local assimilative forces. Both authors identify as immigrants, which helps them develop a solid immersive methodology as they interview the Korean American youth who participated in the study.","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85103941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijict.2022.10045832
L. Ofusori, P. Subramaniam
{"title":"Securing BYOD environment from social and mobility related threats: the case of Nigerian banking sector","authors":"L. Ofusori, P. Subramaniam","doi":"10.1504/ijict.2022.10045832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijict.2022.10045832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67041212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijict.2022.10052078
Yu Zhou
{"title":"A detection method of similar segments of music based on multi-feature fusion","authors":"Yu Zhou","doi":"10.1504/ijict.2022.10052078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijict.2022.10052078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67042789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijict.2022.10052225
Hang Zhang, Jie Fu, Helin Zhang, Renjie Su, Dongying Gao
{"title":"A data tamper-proof method of cloud computing platform based on blockchain","authors":"Hang Zhang, Jie Fu, Helin Zhang, Renjie Su, Dongying Gao","doi":"10.1504/ijict.2022.10052225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijict.2022.10052225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39396,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67042862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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