NCHS data brief最新文献

Objectives: This report examines trends in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in the United States overall and by maternal age, race and Hispanic origin, gestational age and birthweight of the newborn, and state of residence of the mother from 2016 to 2023.

Methods: Data are from the National Vital Statistics System birth files. The percentage of total NICU admissions in the United States from 2016 to 2023 are presented. Also presented are percentages of NICU admissions by maternal age, race and Hispanic origin, gestational age and birthweight of the newborn, and state of residence of the mother from 2016 to 2023.

Key findings: The percentage of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the United States rose 13% from 2016 to 2023, from 8.7% to 9.8%. Increases from 2016 to 2023 were seen for all maternal age, race and Hispanic origin groups, gestational age and birthweight categories and in 40 states.

Introduction: This data brief presents trends in injury death rates, in total and by the three leading intents (unintentional, suicide, homicide) for 2003 to 2023. Trends in unintentional injury, suicide, and homicide death rates are then presented by the three leading methods for each intent.

Methods: Mortality data for 2003-2020 are from the National Center for Health Statistics' 1999-2020 Underlying Cause of Death by Bridged-Race Categories and data for 2021-2023 are from the 2018-2023 Underlying Cause of Death by Single-Race Categories. Age-adjusted death rates are based on the 2000 standard U.S. population and are per 100,000 population. Injury deaths are identified using International Classification of Diseases,10th Revision codes. Rates are presented for the three leading injury intents (unintentional, suicide, homicide), which are based on the number of deaths. Rates for the three leading methods within each intent are then presented.

Key findings: After a period of stability from 2003 to 2013, the total injury death rate increased 21% from 2013 to 2019 and an additional 25% through 2021 before declining 4% through 2023. This pattern of an increase before 2019 and an even greater increase from 2019 to 2021 was seen for both unintentional injury and homicide deaths. Suicide, however, exhibited a different pattern, with increases from 2003 to 2018 and then a decline from 2018 to 2020 before resuming its increase. Drug overdose was the leading method of unintentional injury deaths during the period. Death rates increased from 2003 to 2022, with the largest increase from 2019 to 2022. The rate declined from 2022 to 2023. Firearms were the leading method for both suicide and homicide, with rates generally increasing over the period. Since 2021, firearm-involved homicide rates declined, while firearm-involved suicide rates were stable.

Introduction: This report uses data from the 2019-2023 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to present 5-year trends in electronic cigarette use among adults and to show how prevalence estimates changed between 2019 and 2023 for men and women and by age and race and ethnicity.

Methods: Point estimates and the corresponding confidence intervals for this analysis were calculated using SAS-callable SUDAAN software to account for the complex sample design of NHIS. Differences between percentages were evaluated using two-sided significance tests at the 0.05 level. Linear and quadratic trends by year and age were evaluated using orthogonal polynomials.

Key findings: The percentage of adults who used electronic cigarettes increased from 4.5% in 2019 to 6.5% in 2023. In both 2019 and 2023, men were more likely than women to use electronic cigarettes. In 2023, young adults ages 21-24 were most likely to use electronic cigarettes (15.5%). The percentage of adults who used electronic cigarettes varied by race and Hispanic ethnicity in both 2019 and 2023.

Objective: This report explores differences between cesarean delivery rates for Puerto Rican mothers giving birth in Puerto Rico and the U.S. mainland in 2023, by maternal age, gestational age, source of payment for the delivery, and state.

Methods: This report uses data from the National Vital Statistics System natality data file. Information for Puerto Rico is based on data from birth certificates and includes all births occurring in Puerto Rico to residents of Puerto Rico who self-reported Puerto Rican ethnicity with known method of delivery (17,547 births in 2023). Information for the U.S. mainland is based on data for births occurring in the 50 states and District of Columbia (D.C.) to residents of the 50 states and D.C. who self-reported Puerto Rican ethnicity (1.8% of U.S. births in 2023) with known method of delivery (66,186 births in 2023).

Results: The cesarean delivery rate among Puerto Rican mothers in Puerto Rico was 50.9% in 2023, 51% higher than that for Puerto Rican mothers in the U.S. mainland, 33.8%. Cesarean delivery rates for Puerto Rican mothers in Puerto Rico were higher than rates for Puerto Rican mothers in the U.S. mainland for all maternal age groups, all gestational ages except early preterm, all sources of payment for the delivery (private insurance, Medicaid, and self-pay), and all states with statistically reliable data and D.C.

Objectives: This report describes the development and operations of the 2016 National Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services Survey for Office-based Physicians (National CLAS Physician Survey). The survey was developed to understand awareness, adoption, and implementation of the National CLAS Standards in health and health care among office-based physicians.

Methods: Survey development included a literature review of survey and assessment instruments that evaluated cultural and linguistic appropriateness in health care. Survey questions were pretested during a cognitive interview study of 20 office-based physicians in the District of Columbia metropolitan area. The cognitive interviews were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. The final survey was administered via web, mail, and computer-assisted telephone interview to 2,400 sampled physicians between August 2016 and December 2016. A nonresponse bias assessment was conducted.

Results: The literature review identified five survey and assessment instruments. Collectively, survey content included: cultural competency training, cultural awareness, and adoption of the National CLAS Standards. Cognitive interviews showed respondent difficulty in question interpretation and survey completion of some items. Survey revisions addressed these issues. The final overall weighted survey response rate was 33.8%. Final weights produced a lower standardized bias than base weights.

Conclusions: The National CLAS Physician Survey is the first nationally representative survey to describe the use and implementation of culturally and linguistically appropriate services by office-based physicians. Data can serve as a baseline for future studies and as a benchmark for meeting the key objectives of the National CLAS Standards.

Introduction: This report presents rates of drug overdose deaths from the National Vital Statistics System by demographic group and by the type of drugs involved (specifically, opioids and stimulants), with a focus on changes from 2022 to 2023.

Methods: Data were analyzed using National Vital Statistics System multiple cause-of-death mortality files for 2003 through 2023, drug poisoning (overdose) deaths were defined as having an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) underlying cause-of-death code of X40-X44 (unintentional), X60-X64 (suicide), X85 (homicide), or Y10-Y14 (undetermined intent). The type of drug(s) involved was indicated by ICD-10 multiple cause-of-death codes: T40.1 (heroin), T40.2 (natural and semisynthetic opioids), T40.3 (methadone), T40.4 (synthetic opioids other than methadone), T40.5 (cocaine), and T43.6 (psychostimulants with abuse potential). Age-adjusted death rates were calculated using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population. Pairwise comparisons of were conducted using the z test with an alpha level of 0.05, and trends were assessed using the Joinpoint Regression Program (5.0.2).

Key findings: The age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths decreased from 32.6 deaths per 100,000 standard population in 2022, to 31.3 in 2023. Rates decreased between 2022 and 2023 for people ages 15-54 and increased for adults 55 and older. From 2022 to 2023, rates decreased for White non-Hispanic people, while rates for other race and Hispanic groups generally stayed the same or increased. From 2022 to 2023, rates declined for deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone, heroin, and natural and semisynthetic opioids, remained statistically unchanged for methadone, and increased by 4.9% for cocaine (from 8.2 to 8.6) and by 1.9% for psychostimulants with abuse potential (from 10.4 to 10.6).

Introduction: Influenza, also known as flu, is a viral respiratory infection. In the 2022-2023 flu season, an estimated 31 million people developed influenza, 360,000 were hospitalized with influenza, and 21,000 died from influenza. To prevent more serious illness, early identification and treatment of influenza is important. This report uses data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to study trends in the use of influenza testing at hospital emergency department (ED)visits from 2013 through 2022.

Methods: Data in this report are from NHAMCS, a nationally representative annual survey of nonfederal general and short-stay hospitals. Results are presented from 2013 to 2022. Estimates and their corresponding variances were calculated using SAS-callable SUDAAN software. Differences between percentages were evaluated using two-sided significance  t  tests at the 0.05 level. Linear regression was used to test the significance of slope.

Key findings: ED visits by children ages 0-5 years had the highest percentage of influenza tests ordered or provided in 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased between 2013 and 2022 for all age groups. Fever and cough were the most frequent first-listed reasons for ED visits at which an influenza test was ordered or provided in both 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased within each region of the United States (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) between 2013 and 2022.

Introduction: Influenza, also known as flu, is a viral respiratory infection. In the 2022-2023 flu season, an estimated 31 million people developed influenza, 360,000 were hospitalized with influenza, and 21,000 died from influenza. To prevent more serious illness, early identification and treatment of influenza is important. This report uses data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to study trends in the use of influenza testing at hospital emergency department (ED)visits from 2013 through 2022.

Methods: Data in this report are from NHAMCS, a nationally representative annual survey of nonfederal general and short-stay hospitals. Results are presented from 2013 to 2022. Estimates and their corresponding variances were calculated using SAS-callable SUDAAN software. Differences between percentages were evaluated using two-sided significance  t  tests at the 0.05 level. Linear regression was used to test the significance of slope.

Key findings: ED visits by children ages 0-5 years had the highest percentage of influenza tests ordered or provided in 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased between 2013 and 2022 for all age groups. Fever and cough were the most frequent first-listed reasons for ED visits at which an influenza test was ordered or provided in both 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased within each region of the United States (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) between 2013 and 2022.

Introduction: This report provides estimates of anemia prevalence during August 2021âAugust 2023 by sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, and poverty income ratio, a measure of family income.

Methods: Data from the August 2021âAugust 2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to calculate anemia prevalence for people age 2 years and older using phlebotomy sample weights. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) less than 11.0 g/dL for children ages 2â4; Hb less than 11.5 g/dL for children 5â11; Hb less than 12.0 g/dL for children 12â14 and females 15 and older, and Hb less than 13.0 g/dL for males 15 and older. Differences between estimates overall and among subgroups were evaluated using t tests at the 0.05 level. Linear regression was used to test the significance of a linear trend by family income. All analyses accounted for the surveyâs complex, multistage probability design.

Key findings: During August 2021âAugust 2023, the overall prevalence of anemia in people age 2 and older was 9.3%, and prevalence was higher in females (13.0%) than in males (5.5%). The prevalence of anemia in Black non-Hispanic people was higher than in all other race and Hispanic-origin groups. Anemia prevalence increased with decreasing income overall. In all race and Hispanic-origin groups and income groups, females had higher anemia prevalence than males.

Introduction: This report uses data from the 2022‒2023 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) to estimate receipt of family planning services by selected characteristics among females ages 15‒49 in the United States.

Methods: NSFG data were collected through a multi-mode design (in-person and web interviews) with a nationally representative samples of males and females ages 15-49 in the household population of the United States. This report uses data from 5,586 females who completed the survey between January 2022 and December 2023.

Key findings: During 2022‒2023, 35.7% of females ages 15‒49 received a family planning service in the past 12 months. A larger percentage of White, non-Hispanic females ages 15‒49 received a family planning service (39.7%) compared with Black, non-Hispanic (34.7%) and Hispanic (32.4%) females.