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Construction et validation d’une échelle d’évaluation des troubles liés à la négligence (N-FIDI : Négligence-besoins fondamentaux, interactions, détresse/enfant) 建立和验证忽视障碍评估量表(N-FIDI:忽视-基本需求、互动、痛苦/儿童)
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-05-05 DOI: 10.3917/DEV.212.0113
Rosa Mascaró, A. Duhamel, V. Deken, R. Jardri, Delphine Charlet, Floriane Carillo, Marielle Wathelet, P. Delion
La negligence peut avoir des repercussions dramatiques sur le comportement et le developpement de l’enfant. Leur reversibilite depend de la precocite du reperage et de la prise en charge. L’objectif de cette etude etait de developper et valider un outil fiable et facile a utiliser pour depister, chez l’enfant, les troubles comportementaux et developpementaux lies a la negligence.Methodes : Les items constituant la version initiale de la N-FIDI (Negligence-besoins fondamentaux, interactions, detresse/enfant) ont ete selectionnes par un groupe d’experts selon une methode Delphi. Afin de la valider, la N-FIDI a ete administree a des enfants de 0 a 30 mois et a leurs parents : un groupe ayant fait l’objet de negligence et un groupe d’enfants non negliges. Seuls les items qui differaient d’un groupe a l’autre etaient retenus pour la version finale de la N-FIDI. Une analyse en composante principale (ACP) a permis d’explorer la structure de l’echelle. Sa consistance interne etait appreciee par le calcul du coefficient alpha de Cronbach.Resultats : 83 enfants negliges et leurs 50 parents, ainsi que 75 enfants non negliges et leurs 46 parents ont ete inclus. L’echelle N-FIDI finale etait constituee de 44 items interessant 4 domaines : 1) le comportement de l’enfant, 2) les interactions enfant-professionnel, 3) les interactions enfant-parent, et 4) le comportement du parent. La proportion d’enfants/parents cotant les items etait significativement plus elevee dans le groupe « negligence » que dans l’autre groupe pour chacun des 4 domaines (respectivement 44,3 vs 18,8, p < 0,001 ; 45,3 vs 6,4, p < 0,001 ; 55,7 vs 2,8, p < 0,001 et 35,6 vs 4,8, p < 0,001). L’ACP a identifie 3 dimensions pour le premier domaine (expliquant 41 % de la variance) et 1 dimension par domaine pour les 3 autres (expliquant 46,6 %, 72,3 % et 38,8 % de la variance respectivement). Le coefficient alpha de Cronbach etait egal a 0,74.Conclusion : L’echelle N-FIDI est un outil fiable qui pourrait etre utilise facilement en pratique, par des professionnels formes, afin de reperer les enfants faisant l’objet de negligence parentale.
忽视会对儿童的行为和发展产生巨大影响。它们的可逆性取决于复发和护理的早期。本研究的目的是开发和验证一种可靠且易于使用的工具,用于识别与忽视相关的儿童行为和发育障碍。方法:专家组根据Delphi方法选择了构成N-FIDI(忽视-基本需求、互动、厌恶/儿童)初始版本的项目。为了验证这一点,对0至30个月大的儿童及其父母(一组忽视儿童和一组非忽视儿童)进行了N-FIDI。在N-FIDI的最终版本中,仅保留了因组而异的项目。主成分分析(PCA)有助于探索阶梯结构。通过计算克朗巴赫的α系数来评估其内部一致性。结果:包括83名黑人儿童及其50名父母,以及75名非黑人儿童及其46名父母。最终的N-FIDI量表由44个项目组成,涉及4个领域:1)儿童行为,2)儿童职业互动,3)儿童父母互动,4)父母行为。在4个领域中,忽视组的儿童/父母对项目评分的比例明显高于其他组(分别为44.3 vs 18.8,p<0.001;45.3 vs 6.4,p<1.001;55.7 vs 2.8,p<1.001和35.6 vs 4.8,p<1.001)。ACP确定了第一个域的3个维度(解释41%的方差),其他3个域每个维度1个(分别解释46.6%、72.3%和38.8%的方差)。克朗巴赫的α系数等于0.74。结论:N-FIDI量表是一个可靠的工具,专业人员可以在实践中轻松使用,以纠正父母忽视的儿童。
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引用次数: 0
Validation marocaine de l’échelle Alarme détresse bébé (ADBB). Comparaison du niveau de retrait relationnel d’enfants élevés en pouponnière ou dans leur famille, et une réplication de l’étude de Spitz sur la dépression anaclitique 摩洛哥婴儿遇险警报量表(ADBB)的验证。在托儿所或家庭中长大的儿童的关系退缩水平的比较,以及Spitz关于Anaclitic抑郁症研究的复制
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-05-05 DOI: 10.3917/DEV.212.0097
M. Chkirate, Khaoula Mammad, Ghizlane Chtabou, O T Ahmed Ahami, Asmaa Mdaghri Alaoui, A. Guedeney
Le retrait relationnel durable du nourrisson s’avere un indicateur important de la detresse infantile et un facteur de risque de pathologie ulterieure.Ce travail presente les resultats de la premiere etape de validation marocaine de l’echelle Alarme detresse bebe (ADBB), appliquee a deux populations tres differentes au regard de l’experience de separation precoce : d’une part, des bebes vivant en pouponniere (n = 46) et, d’autre part, des bebes eleves dans leur milieu familial (n = 56). Ces 102 nourrissons ont ete evalues avec l’ADBB, dans le cadre d’un examen pediatrique de routine, a l’âge de 2 a 18 mois. Le comportement de retrait relationnel a ete significativement plus marque parmi les nourrissons eleves en pouponniere que chez ceux eleves dans leur famille, et chez les garcons que chez les filles.Cette etude confirme, avec un groupe controle, la validite de la description de Spitz, qui mettait le retrait relationnel au centre de la depression anaclitique et qui attribuait ce retrait a la separation precoce et prolongee entre le bebe et ses caregivers.L’utilisation de l’echelle peut donc etre recommandee pour un reperage systematique lors des visites de routine en pediatrie, comme pour le suivi des enfants a risque, de facon a permettre une intervention precoce appropriee.
婴儿持续的关系退缩是婴儿恐惧的一个重要指标,也是随后病理学的风险因素。这项工作介绍了摩洛哥婴儿警报量表(ADBB)第一阶段验证的结果,该量表适用于两个在分离前经验方面非常不同的人群:一方面,生活在托儿所的婴儿(n=46),另一方面,在家庭环境中长大的婴儿(n=56)。这102名婴儿在2至18个月大时接受了ADBB评估,作为常规儿科检查的一部分。关系退缩行为在托儿所的婴儿中明显高于家庭中的婴儿,男孩中明显高于女孩。这项研究通过对照组证实了斯皮茨描述的有效性,该描述将关系退缩置于无组织抑郁症的中心,并将这种退缩归因于婴儿与其护理者之间的早期和长期分离。因此,建议在常规儿科就诊期间使用该量表进行系统性随访,以及监测风险儿童,以便进行适当的早期干预。
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引用次数: 1
Les problèmes de sommeil chez le jeune enfant perçus par les mères : une étude qualitative sur les cognitions et stratégies maternelles 母亲感知的幼儿睡眠问题:母亲认知和策略的定性研究。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.3917/DEV.211.0043
Perrine Strugarek, J. Wendland
This qualitative study explores the cognitions and strategies of French mothers when it comes to their infants’ sleep problems. A total of thirty-nine French mothers of children aged from eight months to four years were interviewed about their experience of their infants’ sleep disturbances. The results revealed a prevalence of cognitions associated with emotional or physical difficulties experienced by the infant to explain the sleep difficulties, and a preferential use of physical contact strategies or of adaptation of the sleeping environment to solve them. Thus, mothers do not seem to consider themselves to have any significant influence on their child’s sleep problems. However, working on parents’ cognitions and dysfunctional behaviors can help to effectively solve infants’ sleep problems.
这项定性研究探讨了法国母亲对婴儿睡眠问题的认知和策略。共有39位法国母亲接受了采访,讲述了她们对婴儿睡眠障碍的经历。研究结果显示,婴儿普遍存在与情绪或身体困难相关的认知,以解释睡眠困难,并优先使用身体接触策略或适应睡眠环境来解决这些问题。因此,母亲们似乎并不认为自己对孩子的睡眠问题有任何重大影响。然而,研究父母的认知和功能障碍行为有助于有效解决婴儿的睡眠问题。
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引用次数: 1
L’effet de la présence et de l’absence de fratrie sur le niveau d’adaptation sociale des enfants présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme 兄弟情谊的存在和缺失对自闭症谱系障碍儿童社会适应水平的影响
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.3917/DEV.211.0005
M. Eymard, N. Poirier, N. Nader-Grosbois
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引用次数: 0
Dépression parentale et utilisation d’objets dans les interactions parent-enfant à trois mois post-partum 产后三个月亲子互动中的父母抑郁与物品使用
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.3917/DEV.211.0023
C. Perrin, Patricia Giobbi, N. Favez, J. Despland, H. Tissot
La depression post-partum (DPP) affecte la maniere dont les parents entrent en communication avec leur bebe. Bien que des descriptions cliniques aient documente l’utilisation excessive d’objets par les parents deprimes dans le jeu avec leur enfant entre 0 et 4 mois, ce phenomene n’avait jamais fait l’objet d’une recherche empirique. La presente recherche avait pour but de combler ce manque. Les resultats indiquent qu’il existe un lien fort entre depression et utilisation d’objets dans le jeu pour les meres, mais non pour les peres.
产后抑郁症(ppd)影响父母与婴儿沟通的方式。虽然临床描述记录了抑郁父母在0 - 4个月大的孩子玩耍时过度使用物品,但这一现象从未成为实证研究的主题。本研究旨在填补这一空白。结果表明,抑郁与母亲在游戏中使用物品之间存在很强的联系,而佩雷斯则没有。
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引用次数: 0
Diseño del modelo hidráulico virreinal utilizado en Centro Histórico de Lima para abastecimiento de agua 利马历史中心用于供水的总督水力模型设计
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.21754/DEVENIR.V7I14.811
David González Espino
The objective of the work is the design of the Virreinal hydraulic model in the Historic Center of Lima, starting from a pre-Hispanic system that developed under the waters of the Rimac river. From the foundation of the city new architectural technologies are used as well as the use of materials to develop a model capable of correctly managing water in the city. With urban growth there are aqueducts, secondary canals, water boxes, nozzles, pipes, fountains and sewers that will be part of the hydraulic model of the city of Lima that will serve to supply water to its neighbors in this viceregal stage.
这项工作的目标是在利马历史中心设计Virreinal水力模型,从里马克河下开发的前西班牙裔系统开始。从城市的基础上,新的建筑技术以及材料的使用被用来开发一个能够正确管理城市水的模型。随着城市的发展,有了渡槽、二级运河、水箱、喷嘴、管道、喷泉和下水道,这些将成为利马市水力模型的一部分,在这一副总统任期内为其邻居供水。
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引用次数: 0
Iglesia Matriz de Jauja. Plan de recuperación y proceso de intervención restaurativa Jauja圣母教堂。恢复计划和恢复性干预过程
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.21754/DEVENIR.V7I14.808
Hebner Cuadros Chávez
Evaluation and diagnosis of the intervention proposal and the recovery process of the historical monument “Matriz Church” of the city of Jauja - Peru, carried out in 2009 and 2010. Comprehensive analysis of the project and the execution, regarding the methodological criteria and used, estimating its result and significance, as it is a heritage asset. Interpretation regarding the typology and methodology of the project and the restorative process, depending on the contextual scope of a political, social and cultural nature and in relation to the expectations, assessment and acceptance of the population on the cultural component, which projects a sense of collective identity and symbolizes the historical belonging of its inhabitants. Accuracies and evaluative comments on the project and the intervention and recovery procedures, taking stock of the respective criteria, achievements, shortcomings and disadvantages.
2009年和2010年对秘鲁Jauja市历史遗迹“Matriz教堂”的干预方案和修复过程进行评估和诊断。综合分析项目和执行,关于方法标准和使用,估计其结果和意义,因为它是一项遗产资产。根据政治、社会和文化性质的背景范围,以及人口对文化成分的期望、评估和接受程度,对项目的类型学和方法进行解释,这体现了集体认同感,象征着居民的历史归属。对项目、干预和恢复程序的准确性和评价意见,评估各自的标准、成就、缺点和缺点。
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引用次数: 0
Edificación del antiguo Correo y Telégrafo de Lima. Historia de un patrimonio edificado 利马古代邮件和电报的编辑。建筑遗产史
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.21754/DEVENIR.V7I14.759
Henry Barrera Camarena
The Central Mail of Lima, or formerly called Correo y Telegrafo de Lima, is a little known heritage, in part because today it is given a variety of uses, added to the fact that the last generations of the population have not come to use this service. The latter is a direct cause of the advancement of technology and the digital age. For these reasons, the objective of this work is to reassess its historical importance and the architectural design that it originally held, which over time has been modified, without this meaning the loss of its value. For this, the use of primary source was used, both in images and in information, which is the basis of this study. The conservation of heritage is a social obligation, from the field of history you can contribute to this noble deed. A monument like this, which has overcome the fluctuations of time, must not only be valued per se, its complexity can contribute to continue knowing the future of the ancient City of Kings.
利马中央邮政,或以前称为Correo y Telegrafo de Lima,是一个鲜为人知的遗产,部分原因是今天它被赋予了多种用途,再加上上上上一代人还没有使用这项服务。后者是技术进步和数字时代的直接原因。出于这些原因,这项工作的目的是重新评估其历史重要性和最初的建筑设计,随着时间的推移,这些设计已经被修改,但这并不意味着其价值的丧失。为此,在图像和信息中都使用了主要来源,这是本研究的基础。保护遗产是一项社会义务,你可以从历史领域为这一崇高行为做出贡献。像这样一座克服了时间波动的纪念碑,不仅必须重视其本身,它的复杂性也有助于继续了解古城国王的未来。
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引用次数: 0
Estudio de color de la Facultad de Arquitectura Urbanismo y Artes de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería 国立工程大学建筑、城市主义和艺术学院色彩研究
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.21754/DEVENIR.V7I14.774
Lorena Olazábal Furuya
In 2017, the color study of the building of Faculty of Architecture, Urbanism and Arts (FAUA) was carried out in order to recognize the different underlying pictorial strata to know the color palette used in the painting that correspond to the FAUA at the long of the time. This has allowed us to know the different uses and styles used, as well as used techniques and materials used. On the other hand, this type of prospecting has allowed defining the conservation status of certain strata.The use of prospecting techniques, such as the elaboration of stratigraphic samples allow to investigate and study the real estate as a historical document and in turn leave a vestige on the changes that have occurred at the aesthetic and stylistic level.
2017年,对建筑、城市主义和艺术学院(FAUA)的建筑进行了色彩研究,以识别不同的底层绘画阶层,从而了解长期以来与FAUA相对应的绘画中使用的调色板。这使我们能够了解所使用的不同用途和风格,以及所使用的技术和材料。另一方面,这种类型的勘探可以确定某些地层的保护状况。勘探技术的使用,如地层样本的制作,可以将房地产作为历史文献进行调查和研究,从而在美学和风格层面上留下变化的痕迹。
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引用次数: 0
Ciudad histórica habitada "Vida contemporánea/Hogar histórico". Manifiesto desde Arequipa hacia Latinoamérica 有人居住的历史城市“当代生活/历史家园”。从阿雷基帕到拉丁美洲的宣言
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.21754/DEVENIR.V7I14.758
Mónica Loayza Vela
What if beyond rehabilitate housing of our historical center, to generate passing uses, contemplative and beautiful, we propose among all manage your integral renewal? Can we amplify our collective identity and retrieve the relationships that give us rights as ‘patrimonial subjects’? Proposals are admitted.Our City was not like this from the beginning, as you can imagine. At the time it was a boy village. There was another city below this, and another and another more of ashlars yellow sun and unpaved streets. And by one of those little streets, our parents and grandparents grew up, much of present body they lived. And that was the moment and the light of them.But now for us is different, we maintain a disclosed a memory of the past which generally deconstructs our historic city, reconfiguring scenarios and people, in the absence of housing, denying them a true connection with the time and diversity in its historical union. And that is precisely the reason and the search of our manifest.
如果除了修复我们的历史中心的住房,产生路过的用途,沉思和美丽,我们建议在所有管理你的整体更新?我们能否放大我们的集体身份,找回赋予我们作为“世袭主体”权利的关系?建议被接受。你可以想象,我们的城市从一开始就不是这样的。那时这里还是个男孩的村庄。在这下面还有另一个城市,还有一个又一个的城市,那里有黄色的太阳和没有铺砌的街道。我们的父母和祖父母就是在其中一条小街道上长大的,他们现在的大部分身体都生活在这里。这就是他们的光芒所在。但现在对我们来说是不同的,我们保持着一种对过去的记忆,这种记忆通常会解构我们的历史城市,重新配置场景和人,在没有住房的情况下,否认他们与时间和历史联盟中的多样性的真正联系。这正是我们寻找显圣者的原因。
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引用次数: 0
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