Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00003.4
Fozia Hameed, N. Gupta, Rukhsana Rahman, G. Rai
{"title":"Bioactive potential of karonda (Carissa carandas L.)","authors":"Fozia Hameed, N. Gupta, Rukhsana Rahman, G. Rai","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00003.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00003.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71222397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00004.6
Sandhya K. Trivedi, H. P. Gajera, D. D. Savaliya, R. Bhadani
{"title":"Biochemical and physiological changes influenced by saline water stress in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"Sandhya K. Trivedi, H. P. Gajera, D. D. Savaliya, R. Bhadani","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00004.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00004.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71222446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00015.0
Aasiya Majeed, P. S. D. Roy, N. Sharma, Rashmi Chalotra, K. Salaria, SK Padekar, S. Guleria
{"title":"Nanoemulsions: Applications, Challenges and Future Perspectives","authors":"Aasiya Majeed, P. S. D. Roy, N. Sharma, Rashmi Chalotra, K. Salaria, SK Padekar, S. Guleria","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00015.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00015.0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71222551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00021.6
Neerja Kharwal, K. Mohini, Nageswer Singh
{"title":"Assessment of Biochemical and Phytochemical Constituents in Some Promising Genotypes of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.)","authors":"Neerja Kharwal, K. Mohini, Nageswer Singh","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00021.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00021.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71222939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00018.6
C. Gupta, D. Prakash
{"title":"Microbial Biotransformation of Agriwaste into a High Value Natural Insecticide Nootkatone","authors":"C. Gupta, D. Prakash","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00018.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2021.00018.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71223177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00002.7
B. Mahanta, Nikhil Manhot, M. Deka, Vasudev Singh
Cereals and legumes contribute to the major fraction of macro and micronutrients in our diet. While being loaded with phytochemicals, they also come with a considerable amount of antinutritional factors. These antinutrients interact with the proteins, vitamins and minerals, making them unavailable to the body on consumption. In most of the developing nations of the world, weaning foods are sourced from cereals or legumes that are rich in macro and micronutrients vital for the optimal growth of a developing child. On the other hand, presence of antinutritional factors such as phytates, tannins, trypsin inhibitors and lectins interfere with mineral availability and protein digestibility. Traditional processing techniques such as fermentation and malting increase the availability of nutrients by lowering the levels of antinutrients. A large number of commercially available weaning foods, though nutritionally well balanced, are expensive and unaffordable to people from weaker sections of the society. Thus, there is need for a suitable weaning formulation that is cost effective and meets the nutritional requirements at the same time. To put an end to this problem, healthful yet inexpensive weaning foods can be developed through utilization of local and economical agricultural produce with the help of traditional processing aids or practices including soaking, germination, fermentation, malting, roasting etc. The resulting composites can be a nutritionally balanced, readily available and affordable source of food for infants in the developing parts of the world. This review focuses on the efficacy of such traditional yet inexpensive technologies to improve the nutritional content of weaning foods while keeping the anti-nutrients to a minimum.
{"title":"Weaning Foods: Various Methods of Preparations Focusing on Traditional Steps","authors":"B. Mahanta, Nikhil Manhot, M. Deka, Vasudev Singh","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00002.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00002.7","url":null,"abstract":"Cereals and legumes contribute to the major fraction of macro and micronutrients in our diet. While being loaded with phytochemicals, they also come with a considerable amount of antinutritional factors. These antinutrients interact with the proteins, vitamins and minerals, making them unavailable to the body on consumption. In most of the developing nations of the world, weaning foods are sourced from cereals or legumes that are rich in macro and micronutrients vital for the optimal growth of a developing child. On the other hand, presence of antinutritional factors such as phytates, tannins, trypsin inhibitors and lectins interfere with mineral availability and protein digestibility. Traditional processing techniques such as fermentation and malting increase the availability of nutrients by lowering the levels of antinutrients. A large number of commercially available weaning foods, though nutritionally well balanced, are expensive and unaffordable to people from weaker sections of the society. Thus, there is need for a suitable weaning formulation that is cost effective and meets the nutritional requirements at the same time. To put an end to this problem, healthful yet inexpensive weaning foods can be developed through utilization of local and economical agricultural produce with the help of traditional processing aids or practices including soaking, germination, fermentation, malting, roasting etc. The resulting composites can be a nutritionally balanced, readily available and affordable source of food for infants in the developing parts of the world. This review focuses on the efficacy of such traditional yet inexpensive technologies to improve the nutritional content of weaning foods while keeping the anti-nutrients to a minimum.","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71221098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00010.6
B. Sakhale, R. Chavan, N. Giri
The present investigation was carried out for justifying the suitability of various dehydration techniques for desired quality of finished products. The commonly consumed green leafy vegetables viz. fenugreek leaves (Trigonella foenumgraecum) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) were assessed for their commercial processing potential through dehydration technology. The selected fresh green leafy vegetables were washed and subjected to steam blanching. The pretreated vegetables were then dehydrated under different drying conditions i.e. sun, shade and tray drying to safe moisture level. The dried samples were evaluated for their dehydration process features, nutritional and sensory characteristics. The data on the dehydration technology revealed that tray dried green leafy vegetables found comparatively more wholesome, palatable and reported maximum retention of nutrients like vitamin C (35–47%), minerals (96%), with minimum drying time (2.30–3.30 hrs) and equilibrium moisture content (6%) as compared to rest of drying methods. The rate constant for drying of fenugreek and spinach leaves were found to be 0.0105 min−1 and 0.0088 min−1, respectively in tray drier. The tray drying method was found comparatively superior in retention of sensory quality parameters (color, texture and overall acceptability) over sun and at par with shade drying.
{"title":"Effect of Drying Modes on Quality Characteristics of Dehydrated Green Leafy Vegetables","authors":"B. Sakhale, R. Chavan, N. Giri","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00010.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00010.6","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out for justifying the suitability of various dehydration techniques for desired quality of finished products. The commonly consumed green leafy vegetables viz. fenugreek leaves (Trigonella foenumgraecum) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) were assessed for their commercial processing potential through dehydration technology. The selected fresh green leafy vegetables were washed and subjected to steam blanching. The pretreated vegetables were then dehydrated under different drying conditions i.e. sun, shade and tray drying to safe moisture level. The dried samples were evaluated for their dehydration process features, nutritional and sensory characteristics. The data on the dehydration technology revealed that tray dried green leafy vegetables found comparatively more wholesome, palatable and reported maximum retention of nutrients like vitamin C (35–47%), minerals (96%), with minimum drying time (2.30–3.30 hrs) and equilibrium moisture content (6%) as compared to rest of drying methods. The rate constant for drying of fenugreek and spinach leaves were found to be 0.0105 min−1 and 0.0088 min−1, respectively in tray drier. The tray drying method was found comparatively superior in retention of sensory quality parameters (color, texture and overall acceptability) over sun and at par with shade drying.","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":"61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71221236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00005.2
D. Dixit, N. Sinha
The object of the present study was to determine the phenols, flavonoids contents and antioxidant potential of some weeds growing in agriculture fields. Ten common weed species viz. Acalypha indica (kuppi), Amaranthus spinosus (kanta chaulai), Argemone Mexicana (satyanashi), Bacopa monnieri (brahmi), Calotropis procera (aak), Cannabis sativa (bhang), Cuscuta reflexa (amar bel), Mimosa pudica (chui-mui), Tinospora cordifolia (gulbel) and Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) were assessed for the secondary metabolites content and antioxidant potential in the different parts of these plants. Methanolic extracts were prepared by the maceration method. Total phenolic, flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging activity and reducing power of methanolic extracts of different parts of weeds were performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Maximum content of phenolics were reported in Withania somnifera (295.48±1.9 mg GAE/g) and lowest in Mimosa pudica (7.86±0.6 mg GAE/g). The flavonoid content was also reported to be highest in Withania somnifera (108.43±1.4 mg QE/g) and lowest in Mimosa pudica (9.12±0.2 mg QE/g). All the species of weeds having high phenol and flavonoid content, also have strong antioxidant potential in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging activity and reducing power of different extracts. The DPPH inhibition (%) was reported to be highest in Withania somnifera leaves (89%) and lowest inhibition in DPPH radical was observed by Mimosa pudica leaves (20%). The nitric oxide scavenging activity was also reported to be highest (93%) in Withania somnifera leaves and lowest (25%) in Mimosa pudica leaves. The reducing power of these extracts also exhibited the same pattern with highest reducing power shown by leaves of Withania somnifera (90%) and lowest (10%) in Mimosa pudica leaves. Our results demonstrate that, these weeds could be a potential source of natural antioxidants in future for the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Studies on the Antioxidant Property of Some Weeds Found in Agricultural Fields","authors":"D. Dixit, N. Sinha","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00005.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00005.2","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the present study was to determine the phenols, flavonoids contents and antioxidant potential of some weeds growing in agriculture fields. Ten common weed species viz. Acalypha indica (kuppi), Amaranthus spinosus (kanta chaulai), Argemone Mexicana (satyanashi), Bacopa monnieri (brahmi), Calotropis procera (aak), Cannabis sativa (bhang), Cuscuta reflexa (amar bel), Mimosa pudica (chui-mui), Tinospora cordifolia (gulbel) and Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) were assessed for the secondary metabolites content and antioxidant potential in the different parts of these plants. Methanolic extracts were prepared by the maceration method. Total phenolic, flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging activity and reducing power of methanolic extracts of different parts of weeds were performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Maximum content of phenolics were reported in Withania somnifera (295.48±1.9 mg GAE/g) and lowest in Mimosa pudica (7.86±0.6 mg GAE/g). The flavonoid content was also reported to be highest in Withania somnifera (108.43±1.4 mg QE/g) and lowest in Mimosa pudica (9.12±0.2 mg QE/g). All the species of weeds having high phenol and flavonoid content, also have strong antioxidant potential in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging activity and reducing power of different extracts. The DPPH inhibition (%) was reported to be highest in Withania somnifera leaves (89%) and lowest inhibition in DPPH radical was observed by Mimosa pudica leaves (20%). The nitric oxide scavenging activity was also reported to be highest (93%) in Withania somnifera leaves and lowest (25%) in Mimosa pudica leaves. The reducing power of these extracts also exhibited the same pattern with highest reducing power shown by leaves of Withania somnifera (90%) and lowest (10%) in Mimosa pudica leaves. Our results demonstrate that, these weeds could be a potential source of natural antioxidants in future for the pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71221319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00012.x
Dimpal M Zala, J. Dhruv
The promotion and consumption of indigenous vegetables could help to mitigate food insecurity and alleviate malnutrition in developing countries. Pumpkin is a nutritional source of valuable nutrients. Being rich source of carotenoids pumpkinbased food products can help in preventing various types of diseases. The present investigation was carried to enhance understanding regarding the nutraceutical molecules in fruit of eleven pumpkin genotypes. The study revealed that significant differences were observed for most of the traits. The moisture, flavanoids and zinc content was recorded higher in GP PK 29. Total soluble solids and vitamin C content was found maximum in GP PK 142. Total phenol, beta carotene and saponin content were higher in GP PK 67. The catalase enzyme activity was found higher in GP PK 132, while peroxidise and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity were observed higher in GP PK 23. Therefore, increase in the production and consumption of these nutrient-rich indigenous pumpkin fruits will help to supplement the diets and alleviate the problems associated with malnutrition in the country.
{"title":"Nutraceutical Characterization of Pumpkin Fruit (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex. Poir)","authors":"Dimpal M Zala, J. Dhruv","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00012.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00012.x","url":null,"abstract":"The promotion and consumption of indigenous vegetables could help to mitigate food insecurity and alleviate malnutrition in developing countries. Pumpkin is a nutritional source of valuable nutrients. Being rich source of carotenoids pumpkinbased food products can help in preventing various types of diseases. The present investigation was carried to enhance understanding regarding the nutraceutical molecules in fruit of eleven pumpkin genotypes. The study revealed that significant differences were observed for most of the traits. The moisture, flavanoids and zinc content was recorded higher in GP PK 29. Total soluble solids and vitamin C content was found maximum in GP PK 142. Total phenol, beta carotene and saponin content were higher in GP PK 67. The catalase enzyme activity was found higher in GP PK 132, while peroxidise and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity were observed higher in GP PK 23. Therefore, increase in the production and consumption of these nutrient-rich indigenous pumpkin fruits will help to supplement the diets and alleviate the problems associated with malnutrition in the country.","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":"76-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71221672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00013.1
M. Thakur, S. Baishya
Sixteen buckwheat germplasm were evaluated for biochemical constituents of quality significance. The germplasm varied significantly in their proximate composition with moisture content ranging from 7.52–9.11%, crude protein from 7.23–9.53%, crude fat 1.97–3.62%, ash 1.83–2.93% and crude fibre from 3.71–4.78% on dry weight basis. Buckwheat flour contained 63.18–72.61% starch consisting of average 23.21% amylose. The resistant starch was found varying between 15.20–20.53%. Total soluble protein ranged from 4.58% to 7.40% with globulin as the major fraction (2.12–3.53%). The buckwheat germplasm contained high level of calcium (0.18%), phosphorus (0.26%) and potassium (0.26%). Total phenolic content was found between 378.41 to 652.71 mg/100g and flavonoids between 33.80 to 60.11 mg/100g on dry weight basis. The local genotypes were found comparable with the released genotypes in their nutrient composition and BWC-1, BWC- 2 and Kharupetia-2 along with buckwheat accessions EC-218742 and EC-27242 were found superior over others in terms of nutritional quality.
{"title":"Quality Analysis of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Genotypes of Assam","authors":"M. Thakur, S. Baishya","doi":"10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00013.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4479.2020.00013.1","url":null,"abstract":"Sixteen buckwheat germplasm were evaluated for biochemical constituents of quality significance. The germplasm varied significantly in their proximate composition with moisture content ranging from 7.52–9.11%, crude protein from 7.23–9.53%, crude fat 1.97–3.62%, ash 1.83–2.93% and crude fibre from 3.71–4.78% on dry weight basis. Buckwheat flour contained 63.18–72.61% starch consisting of average 23.21% amylose. The resistant starch was found varying between 15.20–20.53%. Total soluble protein ranged from 4.58% to 7.40% with globulin as the major fraction (2.12–3.53%). The buckwheat germplasm contained high level of calcium (0.18%), phosphorus (0.26%) and potassium (0.26%). Total phenolic content was found between 378.41 to 652.71 mg/100g and flavonoids between 33.80 to 60.11 mg/100g on dry weight basis. The local genotypes were found comparable with the released genotypes in their nutrient composition and BWC-1, BWC- 2 and Kharupetia-2 along with buckwheat accessions EC-218742 and EC-27242 were found superior over others in terms of nutritional quality.","PeriodicalId":39477,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71221747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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