{"title":"Social Stratification, Intermediary Groups and Creation of Trustfulness","authors":"Arinori Yosano, N. Hayashi","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.20.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.20.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"12 1","pages":"27-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91262610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Articles: A New Direction for Social Capital Theory","authors":"Arinori Yosano","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.20.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.20.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89204728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trust and Belief about Others","authors":"N. Hayashi, Arinori Yosano","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.20.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.20.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"55 1","pages":"59-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74346114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although evolutionary game theory has been popular in social sciences, we have seldom checked its utility as a tool in sociology. In this paper I argue that evolutionary game theory is a good tool with which we study evolution of certain types of social order, but that it has a limitation when we apply it to the study of evolution of the division of labor. To prove the argument, I first adopt a working definition of social order as a self-enforcing relationship between action and expectation. Then I adopt the fictitious play and best reply assumptions rather than the hardwired strategy and replicator dynamics assumptions, because the former are fitter for analysis of the self-enforcing relationship. Third, I claim that the core of the division of labor is the creation of new roles and build an evolutionary game theoretic framework of evolution of the division of labor. Finally, I point out that a limitation of evolutionary game theory in the study of evolution of the division of labor as social order is that it assumes a finite set of possible actions, while evolution of the division of labor accompanies new actions. This limitation, however, shows us where to attack to make a breakthrough.
{"title":"Can Evolutionary Game Theory Evolve in Sociology","authors":"Yoshimichi Sato","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.18.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.18.185","url":null,"abstract":"Although evolutionary game theory has been popular in social sciences, we have seldom checked its utility as a tool in sociology. In this paper I argue that evolutionary game theory is a good tool with which we study evolution of certain types of social order, but that it has a limitation when we apply it to the study of evolution of the division of labor. To prove the argument, I first adopt a working definition of social order as a self-enforcing relationship between action and expectation. Then I adopt the fictitious play and best reply assumptions rather than the hardwired strategy and replicator dynamics assumptions, because the former are fitter for analysis of the self-enforcing relationship. Third, I claim that the core of the division of labor is the creation of new roles and build an evolutionary game theoretic framework of evolution of the division of labor. Finally, I point out that a limitation of evolutionary game theory in the study of evolution of the division of labor as social order is that it assumes a finite set of possible actions, while evolution of the division of labor accompanies new actions. This limitation, however, shows us where to attack to make a breakthrough.","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"185-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83729457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present research unveiled inter-industry dynamics deeply embedded in the extremely complex subcontracting networks in a large-scale industrial district, where over 7,000 small- and medium-size enterprises (SME) functioned as suppliers for leading Japanese manufacturing firms, based on relational data from 1994-95. It analyzed the regional production mechanisms embedded in the large-scale industrial district, applying the analytical concepts of cycle and network centrality in combination. Applying the concept of acyclic network, the analysis converted the complex regional subcontracting networks into a simpler form. Relative positions of the firms were mapped out across seven hierarchical clusters, by reorganizing the flows of goods and services into linked hierarchical stages of manufacturing processes. Based on degree centrality, relative positions of most central prime buyers were scrutinized, in order to identify inter-industry linkages among the linked, but different, industries. Two key findings were as follows. First, SMEs in the relatively low clusters collectively filled a role of supporting industries for the leading prime buyers located at relatively high layers, offering a variety of specialized manufacturing processes and services. The extended networks were spread out far beyond the geographical boundary. Second, there was a hierarchical order among the linked, but different, embedded industries, as the relative positions of the most central prime buyers indicated. In contrast to conventional claims that assumed the existence of random networks in large-scale industrial districts, the present research articulated the underlying social structure based on quantifiable relational data, not only between suppliers and buyers, but also among and across the embedded industries in an industrial district, for the first time in academia.
{"title":"Acyclic Depth Partition of a Complex Subcontracting Network","authors":"Tsutomu Nakano","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.18.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.18.71","url":null,"abstract":"The present research unveiled inter-industry dynamics deeply embedded in the extremely complex subcontracting networks in a large-scale industrial district, where over 7,000 small- and medium-size enterprises (SME) functioned as suppliers for leading Japanese manufacturing firms, based on relational data from 1994-95. It analyzed the regional production mechanisms embedded in the large-scale industrial district, applying the analytical concepts of cycle and network centrality in combination. Applying the concept of acyclic network, the analysis converted the complex regional subcontracting networks into a simpler form. Relative positions of the firms were mapped out across seven hierarchical clusters, by reorganizing the flows of goods and services into linked hierarchical stages of manufacturing processes. Based on degree centrality, relative positions of most central prime buyers were scrutinized, in order to identify inter-industry linkages among the linked, but different, industries. Two key findings were as follows. First, SMEs in the relatively low clusters collectively filled a role of supporting industries for the leading prime buyers located at relatively high layers, offering a variety of specialized manufacturing processes and services. The extended networks were spread out far beyond the geographical boundary. Second, there was a hierarchical order among the linked, but different, embedded industries, as the relative positions of the most central prime buyers indicated. In contrast to conventional claims that assumed the existence of random networks in large-scale industrial districts, the present research articulated the underlying social structure based on quantifiable relational data, not only between suppliers and buyers, but also among and across the embedded industries in an industrial district, for the first time in academia.","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"13 1","pages":"71-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87470346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper, based on the Boolean role model originally proposed by Misumi (1998), analyzes conditions for dyscommunication between actors. We postulate that an actor constructs a role image X based on the finite set of role elements G. After we formulate X as Boolean equations, focusing on the coincidence between the performer’s X’ and the observer’s X”, we introduce judgment rules for dyscommunication. The first level dyscommunication is caused by the discrepancies in G between groups. Based on the simplest two-element model, we prove three theorems about the conditions for it. The second level dyscommunication is the dyscommunication that occurs even when the common G is shared by the groups. It is caused by the diversity of the role image. In the extended three-element model, we investigate some “weighting principles” that extract relatively large specific sets of images, and we find that the “tolerant principle” is effective to avoid inter-group dyscommunication. After the general effectiveness of the principle is proved, the theoretical and practical implications are discussed. The real situation implied in this study is, especially, one of international marriages which have increased recently in rural areas of Japan.
{"title":"Two Levels of Dyscommunication: An Analysis by Boolean Role Model","authors":"Kazuto Misumi","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.16.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.16.229","url":null,"abstract":"This paper, based on the Boolean role model originally proposed by Misumi (1998), analyzes conditions for dyscommunication between actors. We postulate that an actor constructs a role image X based on the finite set of role elements G. After we formulate X as Boolean equations, focusing on the coincidence between the performer’s X’ and the observer’s X”, we introduce judgment rules for dyscommunication. The first level dyscommunication is caused by the discrepancies in G between groups. Based on the simplest two-element model, we prove three theorems about the conditions for it. The second level dyscommunication is the dyscommunication that occurs even when the common G is shared by the groups. It is caused by the diversity of the role image. In the extended three-element model, we investigate some “weighting principles” that extract relatively large specific sets of images, and we find that the “tolerant principle” is effective to avoid inter-group dyscommunication. After the general effectiveness of the principle is proved, the theoretical and practical implications are discussed. The real situation implied in this study is, especially, one of international marriages which have increased recently in rural areas of Japan.","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"55 1","pages":"229-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72824568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Being Unmarried under Sex Discrimination and Inequality within the Sexes","authors":"Kunihiro Kimura","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.15.375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.15.375","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"8 1","pages":"375-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73006557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rational Household Theory Examined","authors":"Sigeto Tanaka","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.14.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.14.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"403 1","pages":"19-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85832648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trust and Communication","authors":"Yoshimichi Sato","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.13.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.13.155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"8 1","pages":"155-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83361815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time series factor analysis model: Factors generated by autoregression and moving average process","authors":"H. Toyoda","doi":"10.11218/OJJAMS.12.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11218/OJJAMS.12.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39496,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Theory and Methods","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91286127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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