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Two Poems for Capitalism Nature Socialism 资本主义和社会主义的两首诗
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.2010348
S. Sen
SUDEEP SEN’s [www.sudeepsen.org] prize-winning books include: Postmarked India: New & Selected Poems (HarperCollins), Rain, Aria (A. K. Ramanujan Translation Award), Fractals: New & Selected Poems | Translations 1980-2015 (London Magazine Editions), EroText (Vintage: Penguin Random House), Kaifi Azmi: Poems | Nazms (Bloomsbury), and Anthropocene: Climate Change, Contagion, Consolation (Pippa Rann). He has edited influential anthologies, including: The HarperCollins Book of English Poetry, World English Poetry, and Modern English Poetry by Younger Indians (Sahitya Akademi). Blue Nude: Ekphrasis & New Poems (Jorge Zalamea International Poetry Prize) and The Whispering Anklets are forthcoming. Sen’s works have been translated into over 25 languages. His words have appeared in the Times Literary Supplement, Newsweek, Guardian, Observer, Independent, Telegraph, Financial Times, Herald, Poetry Review, Literary Review, Harvard Review, Hindu, Hindustan Times, Times of India, Indian Express, Outlook, India Today, and broadcast on BBC, PBS, CNN IBN, NDTV, AIR & Doordarshan. Sen’s newer work appears in New Writing 15 (Granta), Language for a New Century (Norton), Leela: An Erotic Play of Verse and Art (Collins), Indian Love Poems (Knopf/Random House/Everyman), Out of Bounds (Bloodaxe), Initiate: Oxford New Writing (Blackwell), and Name me a Word (Yale). He is the editorial director of AARK ARTS, the editor of Atlas, and currently the inaugural artist-in-residence at theMuseo Camera. Sen is the first Asian honoured to deliver the Derek Walcott Lecture and read at the Nobel Laureate Festival. The Government of India awarded him the senior fellowship for “outstanding persons in the field of culture/literature.”
SUDEEP SEN的获奖书籍包括:《后标记的印度:新诗选》(HarperCollins)、《雨》、《咏叹调》(A.K.Ramanujan翻译奖)、《分形:1980-2015年新诗选|翻译》(伦敦杂志版)、《情色文本》(Vintage:企鹅兰登书屋)、,安慰(皮帕·拉恩)。他编辑了一些有影响力的选集,包括:《哈珀柯林斯英语诗集》、《世界英语诗歌》和《年轻印度人的现代英语诗歌》(Sahitya Akademi)。《蓝色裸体:Ekprassis&New Poems》(Jorge Zalamea国际诗歌奖)和《低语的脚踝》即将出版。森的作品已被翻译成超过25种语言。他的话出现在《泰晤士报文学增刊》、《新闻周刊》、《卫报》、《观察家报》、《独立报》、电讯报、《金融时报》、《先驱报》、诗歌评论、文学评论、哈佛评论、《印度教徒》、《印度斯坦时报》、印度时报、《印度快报》、《了望》、《今日印度》上,并在BBC、PBS、CNN IBN、NDTV、AIR和Doordarshan播出。森的新作品出现在《新写作15》(Granta)、《新世纪的语言》(Norton)、《Leela:诗歌与艺术的性爱游戏》(Collins)、《印度爱情诗》(Knopf/Random House/Everyman)、《越界》(Bloodaxe)、《启蒙:牛津新写作》(Blackwell)和《给我一个词命名》(Yale)中。他是AARKARTS的编辑总监,Atlas的编辑,目前是MuseoCamera的首任常驻艺术家。森是第一位有幸在诺贝尔奖获得者节上发表Derek Walcott演讲并阅读的亚洲人。印度政府授予他“文化/文学领域杰出人士”高级研究金
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引用次数: 0
“Collaborative Research and Action for Climate Justice in California” “加州气候正义合作研究与行动”
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.2007538
David N. Pellow, E. Williams, Ana Rosa Rizo-Centino
ABSTRACT How can university scholars and community activists effectively collaborate to produce generative, empowering, and materially impactful knowledge and actions concerning climate change and climate justice? In this paper, we report on a collaborative effort between climate justice non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and university faculty and students to conduct research to produce innovative ideas and insights about just transitions in California and to support social movement campaigns aimed at actually reducing greenhouse gas emissions by keeping fossil fuels in the ground. This collaboration was jointly initiated by faculty and students at a California university alongside leaders of local social movement organizations dedicated to climate justice, as a response to several proposed development projects that would expand oil extraction and fossil fuel use in that state. We argue that these efforts produced a climate justice gestalt that serves to amplify our productivity, power, and impact well beyond what any single partner could do separately or individually with respect to addressing climate injustices in our region. This is our plan for addressing climate change from an anti-authoritarian, participatory approach that will speak to new developments in the scholarship on climate and environmental justice studies and collaborative research methods.
大学学者和社区活动家如何有效地合作,产生关于气候变化和气候正义的生产性、赋权性和实质性影响的知识和行动?在本文中,我们报告了气候正义非政府组织(ngo)与大学教师和学生之间的合作努力,他们进行研究,以产生有关加州公正过渡的创新想法和见解,并支持旨在通过保留化石燃料来减少温室气体排放的社会运动。这项合作是由加州一所大学的师生和当地致力于气候正义的社会运动组织的领导人共同发起的,作为对几个拟议的开发项目的回应,这些项目将扩大该州的石油开采和化石燃料的使用。我们认为,这些努力产生了一种气候正义的格式塔,有助于扩大我们的生产力、权力和影响,远远超出任何一个合作伙伴单独或单独在解决我们地区的气候不公正方面所能做的。这是我们从一种反专制、参与式的方法来解决气候变化问题的计划,它将讨论气候和环境正义研究以及合作研究方法方面学术研究的新发展。
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引用次数: 2
World’s Oddest Toads: Xenopus Pregnancy Tests and Animal Commodities in “Capitalist Ruins” 世界上最奇怪的蟾蜍:“资本主义废墟”中的非洲爪蟾怀孕测试和动物商品
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.2005109
D. Lynn
ABSTRACT In the 1930s it was discovered that the Xenopus toad was a useful instrument in urine pregnancy tests. An injection of a woman’s urine into a toad that resulted in the production of ova was proof of pregnancy. Extracted from its native South Africa and imported to the United States, the Xenopus was a popular tool, used to this day for high school dissection and in professional labs. But once replaced by chemical pregnancy tests, labs no longer needed large Xenopus populations and began to release them or give them to pet dealers. Because of its long life, pet owners often tired of the toad and released it into the wild. Today the Xenopus is an invasive amphibian present on four continents feeding on endangered amphibians, creating resilient populations, and becoming a pest. With a warming climate, scientists predict that the carnivorous toad will continue to expand its habitat threatening other species. The medical and pet supply industries led to a large-scale extraction and trade in the Xenopus which has made the toad one of the most widespread amphibian species globally. The Xenopus’s resilience has allowed it to make a home within the destructive environment created by capitalism.
20世纪30年代,人们发现非洲爪蟾是尿液妊娠试验的有用工具。将女性的尿液注射到蟾蜍体内并产生卵子就是怀孕的证据。非洲爪蟾是一种很受欢迎的工具,直到今天,它还被用于高中解剖和专业实验室。但一旦被化学怀孕测试所取代,实验室就不再需要大量的非洲爪蟾,并开始释放它们或将它们交给宠物经销商。由于蟾蜍寿命长,宠物主人经常对它感到厌倦,把它放归野外。今天,爪蟾是一种入侵性两栖动物,分布在四大洲,以濒危两栖动物为食,创造了有弹性的种群,并成为一种害虫。随着气候变暖,科学家预测,食肉蟾蜍将继续扩大其栖息地,威胁到其他物种。医疗和宠物供应行业导致了非洲爪蟾的大规模开采和贸易,这使得蟾蜍成为全球分布最广的两栖动物物种之一。爪蟾的适应力使它能够在资本主义造成的破坏性环境中安家。
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引用次数: 0
Violence and Illegal Deforestation: The Crimes of “Environmental Militias” in the Amazon Forest 暴力和非法砍伐森林:亚马逊森林中的“环境民兵”罪行
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-12 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.1980817
Luiz Enrique Vieira DE Souza, Marcelo Fetz, Bruna Pastro Zagatto, Nataly Sousa Pinho
ABSTRACT This article presents a conceptual definition of the “environmental militias,” which are criminal networks responsible for the rampant increase of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. We demonstrate how they combine violence and technology to reinforce the economic interests of agribusiness, illegal mining and logging sectors, providing all the logistic chain that interconnects such illegal activities and the global market. We argue that since the election of Jair Bolsonaro “environmental militias” have not only been supported by the president’s discourse, but also by federal institutions and government programs negatively impacting the Brazilian environmental legislation, reducing monitoring, control and surveillance of environmental assets and the power of institutions responsible for demarcating Indigenous Lands. This article demonstrates the struggle of the Brazilian federal government against scientific data related to deforestation and the increase in human caused fires in the Amazon region. Environmental concern based on scientific criteria has been redefined as “leftist ideology” and the government replaced specialized technicians by military members with no expertise in environmental monitoring or oversight institutions. Finally, we critically analyze market discourses on sustainability by understanding them as corporative reputational strategies rather than effective commitment with the preservation of the Amazon Forest.
摘要本文提出了“环境民兵”的概念定义,即对巴西亚马逊地区森林砍伐猖獗负有责任的犯罪网络。我们展示了他们如何将暴力和技术结合起来,以加强农业综合企业、非法采矿和伐木部门的经济利益,提供将这些非法活动与全球市场联系起来的所有物流链。我们认为,自Jair Bolsonaro当选以来,“环境民兵”不仅得到了总统言论的支持,而且得到了联邦机构和政府项目的支持,这些项目对巴西的环境立法产生了负面影响,减少了监测,对环境资产的控制和监督以及负责标定土著土地的机构的权力。这篇文章展示了巴西联邦政府反对与亚马逊地区森林砍伐和人为火灾增加有关的科学数据的斗争。基于科学标准的环境问题已被重新定义为“左派意识形态”,政府用没有环境监测或监督机构专业知识的军人取代了专业技术人员。最后,我们批判性地分析了关于可持续性的市场话语,将其理解为公司声誉战略,而不是保护亚马逊森林的有效承诺。
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引用次数: 8
“Something in the Air”: Reasserting Humanity in a Polluted Neighbourhood “空气中的某些东西”:让污染的邻居重新感受人性
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.1989702
Franca Marquardt
ABSTRACT Within one week in 2019, there were two traffic incidents on the South Circular in Catford, South East London, where one cyclist died and another one was severely injured. At the same time, a new inquest into the death of a nine-year-old resident who had died back in 2013 was being conducted, making the girl the first person in the UK whose cause of death is officially linked to pollution. This article assesses how uneven geographies of toxicity and oppressive infrastructures within cities highlight the entanglements of histories of colonialism and capitalism, as well as race and inequalities. Forms of slow violence are being executed by intentionally building and maintaining cities according to hegemonic visions of progress, marking some lives and landscapes as favourable and others as “disposable.” Hence, in order to work against the silencing of voices, more attention needs to be brought to the experiences of people living in toxic environments. Speaking to fundamental registers of visibility and politics of knowledge, this article asserts how people create meanings by relating to each other and their environments in order to resist the dehumanising consequences of toxic violence.
2019年的一周内,伦敦东南部凯特福德的南环路发生了两起交通事故,造成一名骑车人死亡,另一名骑车人严重受伤。与此同时,对2013年死亡的一名9岁居民的死亡进行了新的调查,使这名女孩成为英国第一个正式与污染有关的死亡原因的人。本文评估了城市中毒性和压迫性基础设施的不均匀地理分布如何突出了殖民主义和资本主义历史的纠缠,以及种族和不平等。缓慢暴力的形式是通过根据霸权主义的进步愿景有意地建设和维护城市来执行的,将一些生活和景观标记为有利的,而将另一些标记为“可丢弃的”。因此,为了消除噤声现象,需要更多地关注生活在有毒环境中的人们的经历。谈到能见度和知识政治的基本记录,这篇文章断言人们如何通过相互联系和他们的环境来创造意义,以抵制有毒暴力的非人性化后果。
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引用次数: 1
Not all People are Polluted Equally in Capitalist Society: An Eco-Socialist Commentary on Liberal Environmental Justice Theory 资本主义社会并非所有人都受到同等污染——自由主义环境正义理论的生态社会主义述评
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.2009640
D. Faber, Benjamin Levy, Christina Schlegel
In reaction to the economic and ecological injustices perpetrated by neoliberal capitalism and corporate-led globalization, as well as the global pandemic and deepening climate crisis, a deeper shade of green politics is coming of age throughout the world (Bond and Dorsey 2010; MartinezAlier 2020). Peoples traditionally relegated to the political margins of society are challenging the wholesale depredation of their land, water, air, and community health. At the forefront of this new wave of activism are thousands of grassroots environmental justice (EJ) organizations working to reverse the disproportionate social and ecological hardships borne by Indigenous peoples, communities of color, ethnic minorities, peasants, women, rural communities and working class families. The importance of these struggles cannot be overstated. Now, more than ever, a truly massbased, international movement devoted to environmental justice and ecological socialism is needed to confront the global ecological crisis and existential threat to humanity that is climate change. There are many major challenges confronting activists as they try to forge such a movement. These challenges include the formation of a master “frame” that allows for activists to identify with the goals of the movement; the adoption of suitable organizational structures that will allow the movement to grow and prosper; as well as the utilization of effective political strategies and tactics necessary to bring about real transformation of dominative state structures, racial and gender oppression, class exploitation, and the global capitalist system. Forging a socialist EJ movement is a daunting task. Transnational coalition building requires that activists frame EJ issues in ways that resonate with those in both the global South and North, and experience shows that
为了应对新自由主义资本主义和企业主导的全球化造成的经济和生态不公正,以及全球疫情和不断加深的气候危机,世界各地正在形成一种更深层次的绿色政治(Bond和Dorsey,2010年;MartinezAlier,2020年)。传统上被社会政治边缘化的人们正在挑战对他们的土地、水、空气和社区健康的大规模掠夺。数千个基层环境正义组织站在这一波新行动主义的最前沿,致力于扭转土著人民、有色人种社区、少数民族、农民、妇女、农村社区和工人阶级家庭所承受的不成比例的社会和生态困难。这些斗争的重要性怎么强调都不为过。现在,比以往任何时候都更需要一场真正以群众为基础的国际运动,致力于环境正义和生态社会主义,以应对全球生态危机和气候变化对人类生存的威胁。在积极分子试图推动这一运动的过程中,他们面临着许多重大挑战。这些挑战包括形成一个主“框架”,使活动家能够认同运动的目标;采用适当的组织结构,使该运动得以发展和繁荣;以及利用必要的有效政治战略和策略,实现统治性国家结构、种族和性别压迫、阶级剥削和全球资本主义制度的真正转变。打造社会主义EJ运动是一项艰巨的任务。跨国联盟建设要求活动家以与全球南方和北方的人产生共鸣的方式来界定EJ问题,经验表明
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引用次数: 8
Old Gods, New Enigmas and Marx’s Lost Theory 旧神、新谜与马克思的失落理论
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.1971402
Özge Yüksekkaya
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引用次数: 0
Moishe Postone, the Mode of Production of Capital and Cuban Agriculture Moishe Postone,资本生产方式和古巴农业
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.1952464
Ingrid Hanon
ABSTRACT The article develops a critical analysis of the work and thought of Moishe Postone. First, I highlight his main contributions to the understanding of the mode of production of capital, the way the categories of value and abstract labour shape the labour process, and the ongoing reconstitution of socially necessary labour time. Second, I expose his contradictory proposal to free workers from capital, while considering Cuban socialist experience in the agrarian sector as starting point for the critique.
本文对莫伊舍·波斯通的工作和思想进行了批判性分析。首先,我强调了他对理解资本生产模式、价值类别和抽象劳动塑造劳动过程的方式以及社会必要劳动时间的持续重建的主要贡献。其次,我揭露了他关于将工人从资本中解放出来的矛盾建议,同时将古巴社会主义在农业部门的经验作为批判的起点。
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引用次数: 1
Cooling the Planet Without Hot Takes 不用加热就能让地球降温
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.1959857
Elliott Woodhouse
Geoengineering is a discipline that thinks big. Within its aegis are ideas straight out of science fiction: technologies to cool the planet with artificial trees (McFarlan 2016), simulated volcanic...
地球工程是一门思想远大的学科。在它的庇护下,有一些直接来自科幻小说的想法:用人造树冷却地球的技术(McFarlan 2016),模拟火山。。。
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引用次数: 0
Ecosocialism and catastrophe 生态社会主义与灾难
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2021.1996745
S. Fassbinder
Facing Catastrophe is the latest published effort of Carl Boggs, a professor of social science in southern California and the author of numerous books on social theory and on international activisms of various sorts. It’s ultimately a book about the future. To be sure, it’s a book about the present moment, which it characterizes as an “impasse.” So in dwelling on that present moment, it’s a book about approaching that future, such as can only be hazarded a guess. Perhaps we could say it’s a book about how people are not approaching the real future, the one with the disasters up ahead, and going with corporate hegemony, meat-production, resource-extraction, and the “McDonaldized society” instead. The conclusion to the chapter about politics makes the “impasse” result of all of this quite clear. Boggs says:
《面对灾难》是南加州社会科学教授卡尔·博格斯(Carl Boggs)最新出版的著作,他著有许多关于社会理论和国际活动的书籍。归根结底,这是一本关于未来的书。当然,这是一本关于当下的书,它把当下描述为“僵局”。因此,在对当下的思考中,这本书是一本关于如何接近未来的书,只能冒险猜测。或许我们可以说,这是一本关于人们如何没有接近真正的未来的书,一个灾难摆在面前的未来,而是走向企业霸权、肉类生产、资源开采和“麦当劳化社会”。关于政治的那一章的结论使得所有这一切的“僵局”结果非常清楚。伯格斯说:
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引用次数: 0
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Capitalism, Nature, Socialism
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