Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102764
Zhihui Zhu, Pan Qiao, Mengyu Liu, Fangfang Sun, Meilin Geng, Hanchun Yao
{"title":"Blocking the utilization of carbon sources via two pathways to induce tumor starvation for cancer treatment","authors":"Zhihui Zhu, Pan Qiao, Mengyu Liu, Fangfang Sun, Meilin Geng, Hanchun Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2024.102764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2024.102764","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102755
Hongying Zhao, Jiaxin Song, Tian Wang, Xiaodan Fan
{"title":"Selenium nanoparticles decorated with polysaccharides from Sargassum fusiforme protects against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and rat model of Parkinson's disease","authors":"Hongying Zhao, Jiaxin Song, Tian Wang, Xiaodan Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2024.102755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2024.102755","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141047408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Self-assembled multivalent DNA nanocages are an emerging class of molecules useful for biomedicine applications. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity induced by AS1411 free aptamer, AS1411-linked nanocages (Apt-NCs) and nanocages harboring both folate and AS1411 functionalization (Fol-Apt-NCs) in HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. The three treatments showed different cytotoxic efficacy and Fol-Apt-NCs resulted the most effective in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptotic pathways and ROS activation in both HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells. RNA-seq analysis allowed to identify biological functions and genes altered by the various treatments, depending on the AS1411 route of intracellular entry, highlighting the different behavior of the two cancer cell lines. Notably, Fol-Apt-NCs altered the expression of a subset of genes associated to cancer chemoresistance in MDA-MB-231, but not in HeLa cells, and this may explain the increased chemosensitivity to drugs delivered through DNA nanocages of the triple-negative breast cancer cells.
{"title":"Insights on the molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity induced by AS1411 linked to folate-functionalized DNA nanocages in cancer cells","authors":"Valeria Unida PhD , Eleonora Mangano PhD , Tania Camboni PhD , Clarissa Consolandi PhD , Alessandro Desideri PhD , Marco Severgnini MSc , Ingrid Cifola PhD , Silvia Biocca PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Self-assembled multivalent DNA </span>nanocages<span><span> are an emerging class of molecules useful for biomedicine<span> applications. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity induced by AS1411 free aptamer, AS1411-linked nanocages (Apt-NCs) and nanocages harboring both </span></span>folate and AS1411 </span></span>functionalization<span><span> (Fol-Apt-NCs) in HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. The three </span>treatments<span><span> showed different cytotoxic efficacy and Fol-Apt-NCs resulted the most effective in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptotic pathways and </span>ROS<span><span> activation in both HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells. RNA-seq analysis allowed to identify biological functions and genes altered by the various treatments, depending on the AS1411 route of intracellular entry, highlighting the different behavior of the two cancer cell lines. Notably, Fol-Apt-NCs altered the expression of a subset of genes associated to cancer chemoresistance in MDA-MB-231, but not in HeLa cells, and this may explain the increased </span>chemosensitivity<span> to drugs<span> delivered through DNA nanocages of the triple-negative breast cancer cells.</span></span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39965202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102707
Weiwei Zhang MSc , Ye Wang BMed , Jinzhi He BMed , Yinggang Xu MSc , Rui Chen MSc , Xinyu Wan BMed , Wenjie Shi BMed , Xiaofeng Huang MSc , Lu Xu MD , Jue Wang MD , Xiaoming Zha MD
Purpose
There are four kinds of taxanes: solvent-based paclitaxel (Sb-P), liposomal paclitaxel (Lps-P), nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nab-P), and docetaxel. This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of different taxanes on neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST) in breast cancer.
Methods
Patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer and had received integral NST from August 2013 to April 2022 were enrolled. The efficacy was divided into total pathological complete response (total-pCR), breast pathological complete response (breast-pCR), and axillary pathological complete response (axillary-pCR) for in-depth analysis and discussion.
Results
The choice of taxane was an independent risk factor for total-pCR and breast-pCR rates. The highest total-pCR and breast-pCR rates were found in the Nab-P group. The difference was not significant among all the taxanes in the axillary-pCR rate.
Conclusion
Nab-P significantly improved the total-pCR and breast-pCR rates. It should be the first choice among taxanes in NST for breast cancer.
{"title":"Efficacy comparisons of solvent-based paclitaxel, liposomal paclitaxel, nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel, and docetaxel after neoadjuvant systemic treatment in breast cancer","authors":"Weiwei Zhang MSc , Ye Wang BMed , Jinzhi He BMed , Yinggang Xu MSc , Rui Chen MSc , Xinyu Wan BMed , Wenjie Shi BMed , Xiaofeng Huang MSc , Lu Xu MD , Jue Wang MD , Xiaoming Zha MD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>There are four kinds of taxanes<span>: solvent-based paclitaxel<span><span> (Sb-P), liposomal paclitaxel (Lps-P), nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nab-P), and docetaxel. This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of different taxanes on neoadjuvant </span>systemic treatment (NST) in breast cancer.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer and had received integral NST from August 2013 to April 2022 were enrolled. The efficacy was divided into total pathological complete response (total-pCR), breast pathological complete response (breast-pCR), and axillary pathological complete response (axillary-pCR) for in-depth analysis and discussion.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The choice of taxane was an independent risk factor for total-pCR and breast-pCR rates. The highest total-pCR and breast-pCR rates were found in the Nab-P group. The difference was not significant among all the taxanes in the axillary-pCR rate.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nab-P significantly improved the total-pCR and breast-pCR rates. It should be the first choice among taxanes in NST for breast cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39965220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102702
Jun Gao PhD , Min Kyung Khang PhD , Zhen Liao BS , Ken Webb PhD , Megan Ryan Detloff PhD , Jeoung Soo Lee PhD
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in immediate axonal damage and cell death, as well as a prolonged secondary injury consist of a cascade of pathophysiological processes. One important aspect of secondary injury is activation of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) that leads to reduce cAMP levels in the injured spinal cord. We have developed an amphiphilic copolymer, poly (lactide-co-glycolide)-graft-polyethylenimine (PgP) that can deliver Rolipram, the PDE4 inhibitor. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of rolipram loaded PgP (Rm-PgP) on secondary injury and motor functional recovery in a rat moderate contusion SCI model. We observed that Rm-PgP can increase cAMP level at the lesion site, and reduce secondary injury such as the inflammatory response by macrophages/microglia, astrogliosis by activated astrocytes and apoptosis as well as improve neuronal survival at 4 weeks post-injury (WPI). We also observed that Rm-PgP can improve motor functional recovery after SCI over 4 WPI.
{"title":"Rolipram-loaded PgP nanoparticle reduces secondary injury and enhances motor function recovery in a rat moderate contusion SCI model","authors":"Jun Gao PhD , Min Kyung Khang PhD , Zhen Liao BS , Ken Webb PhD , Megan Ryan Detloff PhD , Jeoung Soo Lee PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spinal cord injury<span> (SCI) results in immediate axonal damage and cell death<span><span>, as well as a prolonged secondary injury consist of a cascade of pathophysiological processes. One important aspect of secondary injury is activation of phosphodiesterase<span> 4 (PDE4) that leads to reduce cAMP levels in the injured spinal cord. We have developed an amphiphilic copolymer, poly (lactide-co-glycolide)-graft-polyethylenimine (PgP) that can deliver </span></span>Rolipram<span>, the PDE4 inhibitor. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of rolipram loaded PgP (Rm-PgP) on secondary injury and motor functional recovery in a rat moderate contusion SCI model. We observed that Rm-PgP can increase cAMP level at the lesion site, and reduce secondary injury such as the inflammatory response by macrophages/microglia, astrogliosis by activated astrocytes and apoptosis as well as improve neuronal survival at 4 weeks post-injury (WPI). We also observed that Rm-PgP can improve motor functional recovery after SCI over 4 WPI.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3463182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102704
D. Mendanha MSc , S. Gimondi PhD , B.M. Costa PhD , H. Ferreira PhD , N.M. Neves PhD
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor and currently lacks an effective treatment. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic system to synthesize docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) liposomes for GBM therapy. DHA is an omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acid commonly found in human dietary consumption that has demonstrated potential in mitigating cancer development. The microfluidic device employed allowed for precise fine-tuning of the physicochemical properties of liposomes by adjusting the flow rate ratios, flow rates, and lipid concentrations. Three distinct-sized liposomes, ranging from 80 nm and 130 nm, were successfully internalized by GBM cells, and demonstrated the ability to reduce the viability of these cells. Furthermore, DHA liposomes proved significantly more efficient in triggering apoptotic pathways, through caspase-3-dependent mechanisms, in comparison to free DHA. Thus, the nanomedicine platform established in this study presents new opportunities in the development of liposome formulations incorporating ω3 fatty acids for cancer therapy.
{"title":"Microfluidic-derived docosahexaenoic acid liposomes for glioblastoma therapy","authors":"D. Mendanha MSc , S. Gimondi PhD , B.M. Costa PhD , H. Ferreira PhD , N.M. Neves PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor and currently lacks an effective treatment. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic system to synthesize docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) liposomes for GBM therapy. DHA is an omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acid commonly found in human dietary consumption that has demonstrated potential in mitigating cancer development. The microfluidic device employed allowed for precise fine-tuning of the physicochemical properties of liposomes by adjusting the flow rate ratios, flow rates, and lipid concentrations. Three distinct-sized liposomes, ranging from 80 nm and 130 nm, were successfully internalized by GBM cells, and demonstrated the ability to reduce the viability of these cells. Furthermore, DHA liposomes proved significantly more efficient in triggering apoptotic pathways, through caspase-3-dependent mechanisms, in comparison to free DHA. Thus, the nanomedicine platform established in this study presents new opportunities in the development of liposome formulations incorporating ω3 fatty acids for cancer therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2250158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102696
Chunjing Guo Ph.D , Min Cao MD , Ningning Diao MD , Wenxin Wang MD , Hongxu Geng MD , Yanguo Su MD , Tianying Sun BD , Xinyue Lu BD , Ming Kong Ph.D , Daquan Chen Ph.D
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important complication of diabetes and is the main cause of end-stage renal disease. The pathogenesis of DN is complex, including glucose and lipid metabolism disorder, inflammation, and so on. Novel hybrid micelles loaded Puerarin (Pue) based on Angelica sinensis polysaccharides (ASP) and Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) were fabricated with pH-responsive ASP-hydrazone-ibuprofen (BF) materials (ASP-HZ-BF, SHB) and sialic acid (SA) modified APS-hydrazone-ibuprofen materials (SA/APS-HZ-BF, SPHB) by thin-film dispersion method. The SA in hybrid micelles can specifically bind to the E-selectin receptor which is highly expressed in inflammatory vascular endothelial cells. The loaded Pue could be accurately delivered to the inflammatory site of the kidney in response to the low pH microenvironment. Overall, this study provides a promising strategy for developing hybrid micelles based on natural polysaccharides for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting renal inflammatory reactions, and antioxidant stress.
{"title":"Novel pH-responsive E-selectin targeting natural polysaccharides hybrid micelles for diabetic nephropathy","authors":"Chunjing Guo Ph.D , Min Cao MD , Ningning Diao MD , Wenxin Wang MD , Hongxu Geng MD , Yanguo Su MD , Tianying Sun BD , Xinyue Lu BD , Ming Kong Ph.D , Daquan Chen Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Diabetic nephropathy<span><span> (DN) is an important complication of diabetes and is the main cause of end-stage renal disease. The pathogenesis of DN is complex, including glucose and </span>lipid metabolism disorder<span><span><span><span>, inflammation, and so on. Novel hybrid micelles loaded </span>Puerarin<span><span> (Pue) based on Angelica sinensis </span>polysaccharides (ASP) and </span></span>Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) were fabricated with pH-responsive ASP-hydrazone-ibuprofen (BF) materials (ASP-HZ-BF, SHB) and </span>sialic acid (SA) modified APS-hydrazone-ibuprofen materials (SA/APS-HZ-BF, SPHB) by thin-film dispersion method. The SA in hybrid micelles can specifically bind to the </span></span></span><em>E</em><span><span>-selectin receptor which is highly expressed in inflammatory vascular endothelial cells<span>. The loaded Pue could be accurately delivered to the inflammatory site of the kidney in response to the low pH microenvironment. Overall, this study provides a promising strategy for developing hybrid micelles based on natural polysaccharides for the </span></span>treatment of diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting renal inflammatory reactions, and antioxidant stress.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2359721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102695
Gracia García-García PhD , Carlos Caro PhD , Fátima Fernández-Álvarez PhD , María Luisa García-Martín PhD , José L. Arias PhD
Chitosan-functionalized magnetite/poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles were formulated by interfacial polymer disposition plus coacervation, and loaded with gemcitabine. That (core/shell)/shell nanostructure was confirmed by electron microscopy, elemental analysis, electrophoretic, and Fourier transform infrared characterizations. A short-term stability study proved the protection against particle aggregation provided by the chitosan shell. Superparamagnetic properties of the nanoparticles were characterized in vitro, while the definition of the longitudinal and transverse relaxivities was an initial indication of their capacity as T2 contrast agents. Safety of the particles was demonstrated in vitro on HFF-1 human fibroblasts, and ex vivo on SCID mice. The nanoparticles demonstrated in vitro pH- and heat-responsive gemcitabine release capabilities. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies and Prussian blue visualization of iron deposits in tissue samples defined the improvement in nanoparticle targeting into the tumor when using a magnetic field. This tri-stimuli (magnetite/poly(ε-caprolactone))/chitosan nanostructure could find theranostic applications (biomedical imaging & chemotherapy) against tumors.
{"title":"Multi-stimuli-responsive chitosan-functionalized magnetite/poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles as theranostic platforms for combined tumor magnetic resonance imaging and chemotherapy","authors":"Gracia García-García PhD , Carlos Caro PhD , Fátima Fernández-Álvarez PhD , María Luisa García-Martín PhD , José L. Arias PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chitosan-functionalized magnetite/poly(<em>ε</em>-caprolactone) nanoparticles were formulated by interfacial polymer disposition plus coacervation, and loaded with gemcitabine. That (core/shell)/shell nanostructure was confirmed by electron microscopy, elemental analysis, electrophoretic, and Fourier transform infrared characterizations. A short-term stability study proved the protection against particle aggregation provided by the chitosan shell. Superparamagnetic properties of the nanoparticles were characterized <em>in vitro</em>, while the definition of the longitudinal and transverse relaxivities was an initial indication of their capacity as <em>T</em><sub>2</sub> contrast agents. Safety of the particles was demonstrated <em>in vitro</em> on HFF-1 human fibroblasts, and <em>ex vivo</em> on SCID mice. The nanoparticles demonstrated <em>in vitro</em> pH- and heat-responsive gemcitabine release capabilities. <em>In vivo</em> magnetic resonance imaging studies and Prussian blue visualization of iron deposits in tissue samples defined the improvement in nanoparticle targeting into the tumor when using a magnetic field. This tri-stimuli (magnetite/poly(<em>ε</em>-caprolactone))/chitosan nanostructure could find theranostic applications (biomedical imaging & chemotherapy) against tumors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3341936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102692
Kendell M. Pawelec PhD , Jeremy M.L. Hix LATG , Erik M. Shapiro PhD
Repairing peripheral nerve injuries remains a challenge, even with use of auxiliary implantable biomaterial conduits. After implantation the location or function of polymeric devices cannot be assessed via clinical imaging modalities. Adding nanoparticle contrast agents into polymers can introduce radiopacity enabling imaging using computed tomography. Radiopacity must be balanced with changes in material properties impacting device function. In this study radiopaque composites were made from polycaprolactone and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) 50:50 and 85:15 with 0–40 wt% tantalum oxide (TaOx) nanoparticles. To achieve radiopacity, ≥5 wt% TaOx was required, with ≥20 wt% TaOx reducing mechanical properties and causing nanoscale surface roughness. Composite films facilitated nerve regeneration in an in vitro co-culture of adult glia and neurons, measured by markers for myelination. The ability of radiopaque films to support regeneration was driven by the properties of the polymer, with 5–20 wt% TaOx balancing imaging functionality with biological response and proving that in situ monitoring is feasible.
{"title":"Functional attachment of primary neurons and glia on radiopaque implantable biomaterials for nerve repair","authors":"Kendell M. Pawelec PhD , Jeremy M.L. Hix LATG , Erik M. Shapiro PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Repairing peripheral nerve<span><span> injuries remains a challenge, even with use of auxiliary implantable biomaterial conduits. After implantation the location or function of polymeric devices cannot be assessed via clinical </span>imaging modalities<span><span>. Adding nanoparticle contrast agents into polymers can introduce radiopacity enabling imaging using computed </span>tomography. Radiopacity must be balanced with changes in </span></span></span>material properties<span><span> impacting device function. In this study radiopaque<span> composites were made from polycaprolactone and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) 50:50 and 85:15 with 0–40 wt% </span></span>tantalum oxide (TaO</span></span><sub>x</sub>) nanoparticles. To achieve radiopacity, ≥5 wt% TaO<sub>x</sub> was required, with ≥20 wt% TaO<sub>x</sub><span><span> reducing mechanical properties<span> and causing nanoscale </span></span>surface roughness<span><span>. Composite films facilitated </span>nerve regeneration<span> in an in vitro co-culture of adult glia and neurons, measured by markers for myelination. The ability of radiopaque films to support regeneration was driven by the properties of the polymer, with 5–20 wt% TaO</span></span></span><sub>x</sub> balancing imaging functionality with biological response and proving that in situ monitoring is feasible.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2359030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102691
Elena Piletska PhD , Philippe Veron PhD , Bérangère Bertin PhD , Federico Mingozzi , Donald Jones Professor, PhD , Rachel L. Norman PhD , Joseph Earley MSc , Kal Karim PhD , Alvaro Garcia-Cruz PhD , Sergey Piletsky Professor, PhD
Gene therapy is a promising approach for treating genetic disorders by delivering therapeutic genes to replace or correct malfunctioning genes. However, the introduced gene therapy vector can trigger an immune response, leading to reduced efficacy and potential harm to the patient. To improve the efficiency and safety of gene therapy, preventing the immune response to the vector is crucial. This can be achieved through the use of immunosuppressive drugs, vector engineering to evade the immune system, or delivery methods that bypass the immune system altogether. By reducing the immune response, gene therapy can deliver therapeutic genes more effectively and potentially cure genetic diseases. In this study, a novel molecular imprinting technique, combined with mass-spectrometry and bioinformatics, was used to identify four antigen-binding fragments (Fab) sequences of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) - neutralising antibodies capable of binding to AAV. The identified Fab peptides were shown to prevent AAV8's binding to antibodies, demonstrating their potential to improve gene therapy efficiency by preventing the immune response.
{"title":"Analysis of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 8 (AAV8)-antibody complexes using epitope mapping by molecular imprinting leads to the identification of Fab peptides that potentially evade AAV8 neutralisation","authors":"Elena Piletska PhD , Philippe Veron PhD , Bérangère Bertin PhD , Federico Mingozzi , Donald Jones Professor, PhD , Rachel L. Norman PhD , Joseph Earley MSc , Kal Karim PhD , Alvaro Garcia-Cruz PhD , Sergey Piletsky Professor, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2023.102691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2023.102691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gene therapy is a promising approach for treating genetic disorders by delivering therapeutic genes to replace or correct malfunctioning genes. However, the introduced gene therapy vector can trigger an immune response, leading to reduced efficacy and potential harm to the patient. To improve the efficiency and safety of gene therapy, preventing the immune response to the vector is crucial. This can be achieved through the use of immunosuppressive drugs, vector engineering to evade the immune system, or delivery methods that bypass the immune system altogether. By reducing the immune response, gene therapy can deliver therapeutic genes more effectively and potentially cure genetic diseases. In this study, a novel molecular imprinting technique, combined with mass-spectrometry and bioinformatics, was used to identify four antigen-binding fragments (Fab) sequences of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) - neutralising antibodies capable of binding to AAV. The identified Fab peptides were shown to prevent AAV8's binding to antibodies, demonstrating their potential to improve gene therapy efficiency by preventing the immune response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":396,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1567230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}