Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-12DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13056
Meytal Grimland, Joy Benatov, Hadas Yeshayahu, Daniel Izmaylov, Avi Segal, Kobi Gal, Yossi Levi-Belz
Background: This study addresses the suicide risk predicting challenge by exploring the predictive ability of machine learning (ML) models integrated with theory-driven psychological risk factors in real-time crisis hotline chats. More importantly, we aimed to understand the specific theory-driven factors contributing to the ML prediction of suicide risk.
Method: The dataset consisted of 17,654 crisis hotline chat sessions classified dichotomously as suicidal or not. We created a suicide risk factors-based lexicon (SRF), which encompasses language representations of key risk factors derived from the main suicide theories. The ML model (Suicide Risk-Bert; SR-BERT) was trained using natural language processing techniques incorporating the SRF lexicon.
Results: The results showed that SR-BERT outperformed the other models. Logistic regression analysis identified several theory-driven risk factors significantly associated with suicide risk, the prominent ones were hopelessness, history of suicide, self-harm, and thwarted belongingness.
Limitations: The lexicon is limited in its ability to fully encompass all theoretical concepts related to suicide risk, nor to all the language expressions of each concept. The classification of chats was determined by trained but non-professionals in metal health.
Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of how ML models combined with theory-driven knowledge can improve suicide risk prediction. Our study underscores the importance of hopelessness and thwarted belongingness in suicide risk and thus their role in suicide prevention and intervention.
研究背景本研究通过探索在实时危机热线聊天中整合了理论驱动的心理风险因素的机器学习(ML)模型的预测能力,来解决自杀风险预测难题。更重要的是,我们旨在了解有助于ML预测自杀风险的具体理论驱动因素:数据集由 17654 个危机热线聊天会话组成,这些会话被二分法归类为有自杀倾向或无自杀倾向。我们创建了一个基于自杀风险因素的词典(SRF),其中包含从主要自杀理论中得出的关键风险因素的语言表述。我们使用自然语言处理技术结合 SRF 词库对 ML 模型(Suicide Risk-Bert; SR-BERT)进行了训练:结果表明,SR-BERT 的表现优于其他模型。逻辑回归分析确定了几个与自杀风险显著相关的理论驱动风险因素,其中最突出的是绝望、自杀史、自残和归属感受挫:词汇表的能力有限,既不能完全涵盖与自杀风险相关的所有理论概念,也不能涵盖每个概念的所有语言表达。聊天记录的分类是由经过培训的金属健康非专业人员确定的:本研究强调了 ML 模型与理论知识相结合可以改善自杀风险预测的潜力。我们的研究强调了绝望和归属感受挫在自杀风险中的重要性,以及它们在自杀预防和干预中的作用。
{"title":"Predicting suicide risk in real-time crisis hotline chats integrating machine learning with psychological factors: Exploring the black box.","authors":"Meytal Grimland, Joy Benatov, Hadas Yeshayahu, Daniel Izmaylov, Avi Segal, Kobi Gal, Yossi Levi-Belz","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13056","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study addresses the suicide risk predicting challenge by exploring the predictive ability of machine learning (ML) models integrated with theory-driven psychological risk factors in real-time crisis hotline chats. More importantly, we aimed to understand the specific theory-driven factors contributing to the ML prediction of suicide risk.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The dataset consisted of 17,654 crisis hotline chat sessions classified dichotomously as suicidal or not. We created a suicide risk factors-based lexicon (SRF), which encompasses language representations of key risk factors derived from the main suicide theories. The ML model (Suicide Risk-Bert; SR-BERT) was trained using natural language processing techniques incorporating the SRF lexicon.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that SR-BERT outperformed the other models. Logistic regression analysis identified several theory-driven risk factors significantly associated with suicide risk, the prominent ones were hopelessness, history of suicide, self-harm, and thwarted belongingness.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The lexicon is limited in its ability to fully encompass all theoretical concepts related to suicide risk, nor to all the language expressions of each concept. The classification of chats was determined by trained but non-professionals in metal health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential of how ML models combined with theory-driven knowledge can improve suicide risk prediction. Our study underscores the importance of hopelessness and thwarted belongingness in suicide risk and thus their role in suicide prevention and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13058
Holly E Andrewes, Marialuisa Cavelti, Carol Hulbert, Susan M Cotton, Jennifer K Betts, Henry J Jackson, Louise McCutcheon, John Gleeson, Christopher G Davey, Andrew M Chanen
Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the real-time variability of suicidal ideation intensity and the relationship between real-time and retrospective reports of suicidal ideation made on the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS), among young people with borderline personality disorder (BPD).
Methods: Young people (15-25-year olds) with BPD (N = 46), recruited from two government-funded mental health services, rated the intensity of their suicidal ideation six times per day for 7 days before completing the BSS.
Results: For 70% of participants, suicidal ideation changed in intensity approximately five times across the week, both within and between days. BSS ratings were most highly correlated with the highest real-time ratings of suicidal ideation. However, this was not significantly different from the relationship between the BSS and both the average and most recent ratings. Median ratings of suicidal ideation intensity were higher on the BSS compared with an equivalent question asked in real time.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that young people with BPD experience high levels of fluctuation in their intensity of suicidal ideation across a week and that retrospective reports of suicidal ideation might be more reflective of the most intense experience of suicidal ideation across the week.
{"title":"An analysis of real-time suicidal ideation and its relationship with retrospective reports among young people with borderline personality disorder.","authors":"Holly E Andrewes, Marialuisa Cavelti, Carol Hulbert, Susan M Cotton, Jennifer K Betts, Henry J Jackson, Louise McCutcheon, John Gleeson, Christopher G Davey, Andrew M Chanen","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the real-time variability of suicidal ideation intensity and the relationship between real-time and retrospective reports of suicidal ideation made on the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS), among young people with borderline personality disorder (BPD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Young people (15-25-year olds) with BPD (N = 46), recruited from two government-funded mental health services, rated the intensity of their suicidal ideation six times per day for 7 days before completing the BSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For 70% of participants, suicidal ideation changed in intensity approximately five times across the week, both within and between days. BSS ratings were most highly correlated with the highest real-time ratings of suicidal ideation. However, this was not significantly different from the relationship between the BSS and both the average and most recent ratings. Median ratings of suicidal ideation intensity were higher on the BSS compared with an equivalent question asked in real time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that young people with BPD experience high levels of fluctuation in their intensity of suicidal ideation across a week and that retrospective reports of suicidal ideation might be more reflective of the most intense experience of suicidal ideation across the week.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13065
Laura Melzer, Thomas Forkmann, Tobias Teismann
Background: The objective of this systematic review is to describe the scientific evidence for the Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), a presuicidal cognitive and affective state consisting of five symptomatic dimensions: entrapment, affective disturbance, loss of cognitive control, hyperarousal, and social withdrawal. The aim of this article is to summarize the emerging literature on the SCS and to assess the extent to which a uniform syndrome can be assumed.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in three different databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar) using the search terms "Suicide Crisis Inventory," "Suicide Crisis Syndrome," "Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide," and "Suicide Trigger State."
Results: In total, 37 articles from 2010 to 2022 were identified by search criteria. Twenty-one articles published between 2017 and 2022 were included in the systematic review. All but three studies were conducted in the United States and examined clinical samples of adult high-risk psychiatric in- and outpatients. Sample sizes ranged from N = 170 to 4846. The findings confirm the unidimensional structure of the proposed disorder and support the predictive validity for short-term suicidal behavior above and beyond suicidal ideation.
Conclusion: Despite the promising predictive validity of the SCS, a precise prediction of future suicidal behavior remains difficult.
{"title":"Suicide Crisis Syndrome: A systematic review.","authors":"Laura Melzer, Thomas Forkmann, Tobias Teismann","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this systematic review is to describe the scientific evidence for the Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), a presuicidal cognitive and affective state consisting of five symptomatic dimensions: entrapment, affective disturbance, loss of cognitive control, hyperarousal, and social withdrawal. The aim of this article is to summarize the emerging literature on the SCS and to assess the extent to which a uniform syndrome can be assumed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in three different databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar) using the search terms \"Suicide Crisis Inventory,\" \"Suicide Crisis Syndrome,\" \"Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide,\" and \"Suicide Trigger State.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 37 articles from 2010 to 2022 were identified by search criteria. Twenty-one articles published between 2017 and 2022 were included in the systematic review. All but three studies were conducted in the United States and examined clinical samples of adult high-risk psychiatric in- and outpatients. Sample sizes ranged from N = 170 to 4846. The findings confirm the unidimensional structure of the proposed disorder and support the predictive validity for short-term suicidal behavior above and beyond suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the promising predictive validity of the SCS, a precise prediction of future suicidal behavior remains difficult.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13069
Frances G Hart, Jeremy G Stewart, Chloe C Hudson, Kailyn Fan, Thröstur Björgvinsson, Courtney Beard
Introduction: Religion is a salient aspect of patient background in treatment (The psychology of religion and coping: Theory, research, practice; Guilford Press). However, research investigating the role of religion in suicide is lacking and inconsistent (Journal of Religion and Health, 57, 2478-2499). The current study (1) clarifies the association between religious identity and fearlessness about death in a psychiatric sample and (2) tests whether religious identity moderates the association between fearlessness about death and suicidal ideation.
Methods: Participants were 155 patients seeking treatment in a partial hospital program. Religious identity was assessed using the Identities in Treatment Scale (The Behavior Therapist). Fearlessness about death was assessed with two relevant items from the acquired capability with rehearsal for suicide scale (Psychological Assessment, 28, 1452-1464), as in prior studies (Suicide & Le-Threatening Behavior, 50, 1230-1240; Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 12, 100492).
Results: Fearlessness about death interacted with religious identity to predict suicidal ideation, b = 0.47, 95% C.I. [0.02, 0.91], p = 0.042. Conditional effects showed that greater fearlessness about death was associated with greater suicidal ideation among non-religious patients, b = -0.56, 95% C.I. [-0.88, -0.24], p = 0.001, but not in religious patients, b = -0.09, 95% C.I. [-0.41, 0.22], p = 0.559.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that fearlessness about death is a risk factor for suicidal ideation, but only among those who do not identify as religious. Results from this study inform theories of suicide and elucidate the influence of religious identity on links among suicide risk factors and suicide-related outcomes.
{"title":"Fearlessness about death and suicidal ideation: Religious identity matters.","authors":"Frances G Hart, Jeremy G Stewart, Chloe C Hudson, Kailyn Fan, Thröstur Björgvinsson, Courtney Beard","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Religion is a salient aspect of patient background in treatment (The psychology of religion and coping: Theory, research, practice; Guilford Press). However, research investigating the role of religion in suicide is lacking and inconsistent (Journal of Religion and Health, 57, 2478-2499). The current study (1) clarifies the association between religious identity and fearlessness about death in a psychiatric sample and (2) tests whether religious identity moderates the association between fearlessness about death and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 155 patients seeking treatment in a partial hospital program. Religious identity was assessed using the Identities in Treatment Scale (The Behavior Therapist). Fearlessness about death was assessed with two relevant items from the acquired capability with rehearsal for suicide scale (Psychological Assessment, 28, 1452-1464), as in prior studies (Suicide & Le-Threatening Behavior, 50, 1230-1240; Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 12, 100492).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fearlessness about death interacted with religious identity to predict suicidal ideation, b = 0.47, 95% C.I. [0.02, 0.91], p = 0.042. Conditional effects showed that greater fearlessness about death was associated with greater suicidal ideation among non-religious patients, b = -0.56, 95% C.I. [-0.88, -0.24], p = 0.001, but not in religious patients, b = -0.09, 95% C.I. [-0.41, 0.22], p = 0.559.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that fearlessness about death is a risk factor for suicidal ideation, but only among those who do not identify as religious. Results from this study inform theories of suicide and elucidate the influence of religious identity on links among suicide risk factors and suicide-related outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K G Saulnier, C A King, M A Ilgen, D Ganoczy, J Jagusch, J Garlick, K M Abraham, A Lapidos, H M Kim, E Vega, B K Ahmedani, P N Pfeiffer
Introduction: Aspects of social relationships have variably been associated with suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs). This study assessed whether social support and social distress measures have general factors versus measure-specific factors that are associated with suicide risk.
Methods: Adults (N = 455, 60.0% female), admitted to psychiatric inpatient units following a recent suicide attempt or active SI, completed assessments of social support (emotional support, instrumental support, friendship, perceived support from significant others, friends, family) and social distress (loneliness, perceived rejection, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness). Bifactor modeling examined general and specific factors of social support and distress in relation to SI (week prior to hospitalization, via the Beck Scale for SI) and SAs (past 30 days, via the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale).
Results: SI was significantly associated with the general social support (B = -1.51), the general social distress (B = 1.67), and the specific perceived burdensomeness (B = 1.57) factors. SAs were significantly associated with the specific Perceived Rejection (OR = 1.05) and Thwarted Belongingness (OR = 0.91) factors.
Conclusion: General social support and social distress were associated with SI but not recent SAs. Specific social distress factors were also related to SI and SAs controlling for general social distress, suggesting areas for future interventions.
简介社会关系的各个方面与自杀意念(SI)和自杀企图(SA)有不同程度的关联。本研究评估了社会支持和社会困扰测量是否具有与自杀风险相关的一般因素和测量特异性因素:最近自杀未遂或主动 SI 后入住精神科住院病房的成年人(N = 455,60.0% 为女性)完成了社会支持(情感支持、工具支持、友谊、感知到的来自重要他人、朋友和家人的支持)和社会困扰(孤独、感知到的排斥、感知到的负担、归属感受挫)的评估。双因素模型研究了社会支持和痛苦的一般因素和特殊因素与SI(住院前一周,通过贝克SI量表)和SAs(过去30天,通过哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表)的关系:SI与一般社会支持(B=-1.51)、一般社会痛苦(B=1.67)和特定感知负担(B=1.57)因素有明显关联。SA与特定的 "感知到的拒绝"(OR = 1.05)和 "归属感受挫"(OR = 0.91)因素明显相关:结论:一般社会支持和社会困扰与 SI 相关,但与最近的 SAs 无关。具体的社会困扰因素也与SI和SA有关,但与一般社会困扰无关,这表明了未来干预的领域。
{"title":"Do measures of social support and social distress share general factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempts?","authors":"K G Saulnier, C A King, M A Ilgen, D Ganoczy, J Jagusch, J Garlick, K M Abraham, A Lapidos, H M Kim, E Vega, B K Ahmedani, P N Pfeiffer","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aspects of social relationships have variably been associated with suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs). This study assessed whether social support and social distress measures have general factors versus measure-specific factors that are associated with suicide risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults (N = 455, 60.0% female), admitted to psychiatric inpatient units following a recent suicide attempt or active SI, completed assessments of social support (emotional support, instrumental support, friendship, perceived support from significant others, friends, family) and social distress (loneliness, perceived rejection, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness). Bifactor modeling examined general and specific factors of social support and distress in relation to SI (week prior to hospitalization, via the Beck Scale for SI) and SAs (past 30 days, via the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SI was significantly associated with the general social support (B = -1.51), the general social distress (B = 1.67), and the specific perceived burdensomeness (B = 1.57) factors. SAs were significantly associated with the specific Perceived Rejection (OR = 1.05) and Thwarted Belongingness (OR = 0.91) factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>General social support and social distress were associated with SI but not recent SAs. Specific social distress factors were also related to SI and SAs controlling for general social distress, suggesting areas for future interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren Seibel, Katherine M Harris, Roberto López, Jennifer Wolff, Anthony Spirito, Christianne Esposito-Smythers
Introduction: Anxiety and suicidal ideation have been shown to be positively related in adolescents. However, less is known about the strength of this association across different types of anxiety or the mechanisms through which this relation exists. Joiner's interpersonal theory of suicide suggests that thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB) lead to suicidal ideation; these constructs may explain a pathway through which anxiety and suicidal ideation are related. It was hypothesized that TB would mediate the relation between social anxiety disorder (SAD) symptoms and suicidal ideation, and PB would mediate the relation between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms and suicidal ideation.
Methods: These longitudinal mediation models were assessed using data collected from 147 depressed adolescents, who were recently hospitalized for suicidal ideation or behavior, enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Results: Consistent with study hypotheses, PB mediated the relation between GAD symptoms and suicidal ideation severity. However, TB did not mediate the relation between SAD symptoms and suicidal ideation severity.
Conclusion: These results suggest that screening for and addressing PB among youth with GAD may help reduce risk for suicidal behavior.
{"title":"Perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as mediators of the relation between anxiety and suicidal ideation among adolescents.","authors":"Lauren Seibel, Katherine M Harris, Roberto López, Jennifer Wolff, Anthony Spirito, Christianne Esposito-Smythers","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anxiety and suicidal ideation have been shown to be positively related in adolescents. However, less is known about the strength of this association across different types of anxiety or the mechanisms through which this relation exists. Joiner's interpersonal theory of suicide suggests that thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB) lead to suicidal ideation; these constructs may explain a pathway through which anxiety and suicidal ideation are related. It was hypothesized that TB would mediate the relation between social anxiety disorder (SAD) symptoms and suicidal ideation, and PB would mediate the relation between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>These longitudinal mediation models were assessed using data collected from 147 depressed adolescents, who were recently hospitalized for suicidal ideation or behavior, enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent with study hypotheses, PB mediated the relation between GAD symptoms and suicidal ideation severity. However, TB did not mediate the relation between SAD symptoms and suicidal ideation severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that screening for and addressing PB among youth with GAD may help reduce risk for suicidal behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M E Manges, C Bryan, A Bryan, C R Bauder, H M Wastler
Introduction: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are at increased risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors relative to their cisgender heterosexual peers. However, most research in this area has focused on youth, limiting our understanding of suicide risk among SGM adults.
Methods: To address this gap in the literature, the present study examined suicidal thoughts and behaviors among SGM adults across different age groups using a sample of 10,620 US adults.
Results: Consistent with the literature on youth, SGM adults showed higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors than cisgender heterosexual adults. When examining prevalence rates across various age groups, young adults (18-24) showed greater lifetime and past month suicidal thoughts and behaviors relative to adults ages 45+. Adults ages 18-24 also showed greater past month suicidal ideation than adults ages 25-44; however, there were no group differences in lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors and past month suicidal behavior between adults ages 18-24 and 25-44.
Conclusions: Although suicidal thoughts and behaviors are most common among young SGM adults, other age groups do still show concerning rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, suggesting that this risk might extend to later years of life. Additional resources for SGM adults that are not only tailored toward youth and young adults are warranted.
{"title":"Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among gender and sexual minorities: Adults ages 18-24 show highest rates of past month suicidal thoughts.","authors":"M E Manges, C Bryan, A Bryan, C R Bauder, H M Wastler","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are at increased risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors relative to their cisgender heterosexual peers. However, most research in this area has focused on youth, limiting our understanding of suicide risk among SGM adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this gap in the literature, the present study examined suicidal thoughts and behaviors among SGM adults across different age groups using a sample of 10,620 US adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent with the literature on youth, SGM adults showed higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors than cisgender heterosexual adults. When examining prevalence rates across various age groups, young adults (18-24) showed greater lifetime and past month suicidal thoughts and behaviors relative to adults ages 45+. Adults ages 18-24 also showed greater past month suicidal ideation than adults ages 25-44; however, there were no group differences in lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors and past month suicidal behavior between adults ages 18-24 and 25-44.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although suicidal thoughts and behaviors are most common among young SGM adults, other age groups do still show concerning rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, suggesting that this risk might extend to later years of life. Additional resources for SGM adults that are not only tailored toward youth and young adults are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inken Höller, Thomas Forkmann, Heide Glaesmer, Tobias Teismann, Lena Spangenberg, Dajana Schreiber, Nina Hallensleben, Jannis Kraiss
Introduction: Findings on the role of suicide ambivalence, an individual's wish to live (WL), and wish to die (WD) in the development of suicidality have been heterogenous. The main goal of this study was to examine associations of these constructs within the past week with sociodemographic factors and to longitudinally investigate their predictive power for suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA).
Methods: N = 308 patients (54% female; M = 36.92 years, SD = 14.30), admitted to a psychiatric ward due to suicidality, were assessed for all constructs after admission, after six, nine, and 12 months. Data were analyzed with univariate fixed-effect models and lagged mixed-effect regression models.
Results: Decreased, WL increased post-baseline. Gender showed no significant link to ambivalence, WD, and WL. Ambivalence and WD correlated negatively with age and positively with depressiveness. More participants in a relationship showed a WL compared with single/divorced/widowed participants. More single participants or those in a relationship showed ambivalence than divorced/widowed participants. More single participants showed a WD than participants in a relationship/divorced/widowed. Longitudinally, ambivalence and WD predicted SI and SA.
Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of taking suicide ambivalence and WD into account in risk assessment and treatment.
{"title":"Torn between living or dying-analyses of influencing factors on suicide ambivalence and its longitudinally impact on suicidal ideation and behavior in a high-risk sample.","authors":"Inken Höller, Thomas Forkmann, Heide Glaesmer, Tobias Teismann, Lena Spangenberg, Dajana Schreiber, Nina Hallensleben, Jannis Kraiss","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Findings on the role of suicide ambivalence, an individual's wish to live (WL), and wish to die (WD) in the development of suicidality have been heterogenous. The main goal of this study was to examine associations of these constructs within the past week with sociodemographic factors and to longitudinally investigate their predictive power for suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>N = 308 patients (54% female; M = 36.92 years, SD = 14.30), admitted to a psychiatric ward due to suicidality, were assessed for all constructs after admission, after six, nine, and 12 months. Data were analyzed with univariate fixed-effect models and lagged mixed-effect regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Decreased, WL increased post-baseline. Gender showed no significant link to ambivalence, WD, and WL. Ambivalence and WD correlated negatively with age and positively with depressiveness. More participants in a relationship showed a WL compared with single/divorced/widowed participants. More single participants or those in a relationship showed ambivalence than divorced/widowed participants. More single participants showed a WD than participants in a relationship/divorced/widowed. Longitudinally, ambivalence and WD predicted SI and SA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the importance of taking suicide ambivalence and WD into account in risk assessment and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobias Teismann, Annika Maria Siebert, Thomas Forkmann
Background: Suicidal ambivalence is considered a characteristic condition of suicidal individuals. At the same time, there is a lack of a uniform definition, conception and assessment of suicidal ambivalence. On this background, the current scoping review aims to explore the extent, range, and nature of research activity on suicidal ambivalence and to summarize research findings.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in four different databases (PubMed, Psychinfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) using an array of search terms (e.g., ambivalence, internal suicide debate, reasons for living and reasons for dying, wish to live and wish to die).
Results: In total, 28 articles published between 1977 and 2023 were included in the scoping review. The study situation lacks a clear definition, conceptualization and operationalization of suicidal ambivalence. Nonetheless, suicidal ambivalence is a common experience in persons contemplating suicide and suicidal ambivalence seems to be present before, during and after a suicide attempt. Suicidal ambivalence is associated with diverse markers of negative/positive mental health as well as suicidal ideation and behavior.
Conclusion: Results point to the relevance of suicidal ambivalence. At the same time, there are large gaps in knowledge about the development, impact and therapeutic responsiveness of suicidal ambivalence.
背景:自杀矛盾心理被认为是有自杀倾向者的一种特征。与此同时,对自杀矛盾心理缺乏统一的定义、概念和评估。在此背景下,本次范围界定综述旨在探讨自杀矛盾心理研究活动的程度、范围和性质,并总结研究结果:在四个不同的数据库(PubMed、Psychinfo、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar)中进行了系统的文献检索,并使用了一系列检索词(如矛盾心理、内部自杀辩论、生存原因和死亡原因、生存愿望和死亡愿望):共有 28 篇 1977 年至 2023 年间发表的文章被纳入范围审查。研究情况缺乏对自杀矛盾心理的明确定义、概念化和操作化。然而,自杀矛盾心理是酝酿自杀者的一种常见体验,自杀矛盾心理似乎在自杀未遂前、自杀未遂期间和自杀未遂后都存在。自杀矛盾心理与消极/积极心理健康的各种标记以及自杀意念和行为有关:结论:研究结果表明了自杀矛盾心理的相关性。结论:研究结果表明了自杀矛盾心理的相关性,但与此同时,人们对自杀矛盾心理的发展、影响和治疗对策的认识还存在很大差距。
{"title":"Suicidal ambivalence: A scoping review.","authors":"Tobias Teismann, Annika Maria Siebert, Thomas Forkmann","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicidal ambivalence is considered a characteristic condition of suicidal individuals. At the same time, there is a lack of a uniform definition, conception and assessment of suicidal ambivalence. On this background, the current scoping review aims to explore the extent, range, and nature of research activity on suicidal ambivalence and to summarize research findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in four different databases (PubMed, Psychinfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) using an array of search terms (e.g., ambivalence, internal suicide debate, reasons for living and reasons for dying, wish to live and wish to die).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 28 articles published between 1977 and 2023 were included in the scoping review. The study situation lacks a clear definition, conceptualization and operationalization of suicidal ambivalence. Nonetheless, suicidal ambivalence is a common experience in persons contemplating suicide and suicidal ambivalence seems to be present before, during and after a suicide attempt. Suicidal ambivalence is associated with diverse markers of negative/positive mental health as well as suicidal ideation and behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results point to the relevance of suicidal ambivalence. At the same time, there are large gaps in knowledge about the development, impact and therapeutic responsiveness of suicidal ambivalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patricia I Jewett, Lindsay A Taliaferro, Iris W Borowsky, Michelle A Mathiason, Eunice M Areba
Introduction: High rates of suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among some ethnoracially minoritized United States youth populations may be related to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with structural roots.
Methods: Using the 2013-2019 Minnesota Student Surveys, we assessed associations of student-reported structural ACEs (parental incarceration, housing instability, food insecurity, and foster care involvement) with SI, SA, and repetitive NSSI within the past 12 months using multilevel logistic regression stratified by ethnoracial group (American Indian/Alaskan Native [AIAN], Hmong, other Asian, Black Latino, other Latino, Somali, other Black/African American [AA], Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander [NHPI], and multiracial), and adjusted for sex, grade, ACEs experienced within one's household, mental health treatment, and perceived safety.
Results: Structural ACEs were strongly associated with increasing SI, SA, and NSSI. At ≥2 structural ACEs, repetitive NSSI rates ranged from 7% to 29% (female), 8% to 20% (male); SA rates ranged from 13% to 35% (female), 10% to 22% (male); and SI rates ranged from 31% to 50% (female), 20% to 32% (male). Black Latino, NHPI, AIAN, and Black/AA students most often reported structural ACE exposures.
Conclusion: Reducing structural ACEs may reduce SI, SA, and repetitive NSSI among ethnoracially minoritized youth populations. Disaggregating diverse youth groups revealed variations in these outcomes that remain hidden when subpopulations are aggregated.
{"title":"Structural adverse childhood experiences associated with suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury among racially and ethnically minoritized youth.","authors":"Patricia I Jewett, Lindsay A Taliaferro, Iris W Borowsky, Michelle A Mathiason, Eunice M Areba","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>High rates of suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among some ethnoracially minoritized United States youth populations may be related to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with structural roots.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the 2013-2019 Minnesota Student Surveys, we assessed associations of student-reported structural ACEs (parental incarceration, housing instability, food insecurity, and foster care involvement) with SI, SA, and repetitive NSSI within the past 12 months using multilevel logistic regression stratified by ethnoracial group (American Indian/Alaskan Native [AIAN], Hmong, other Asian, Black Latino, other Latino, Somali, other Black/African American [AA], Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander [NHPI], and multiracial), and adjusted for sex, grade, ACEs experienced within one's household, mental health treatment, and perceived safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural ACEs were strongly associated with increasing SI, SA, and NSSI. At ≥2 structural ACEs, repetitive NSSI rates ranged from 7% to 29% (female), 8% to 20% (male); SA rates ranged from 13% to 35% (female), 10% to 22% (male); and SI rates ranged from 31% to 50% (female), 20% to 32% (male). Black Latino, NHPI, AIAN, and Black/AA students most often reported structural ACE exposures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reducing structural ACEs may reduce SI, SA, and repetitive NSSI among ethnoracially minoritized youth populations. Disaggregating diverse youth groups revealed variations in these outcomes that remain hidden when subpopulations are aggregated.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}