Jocelyn I Meza, Brandy Piña-Watson, Daisy Lopez, Gisel Suarez Bonilla, Maria R Sanchez, Gabriela Manzo, Aundrea Garcia
Introduction: Suicide is the third leading cause of death among US young adults, with significant racial/ethnic disparities related to the risk for suicide among Latine young adults. Despite the elevated risk for suicide, culturally relevant risk factors are not well-known. Intergenerational acculturative conflict (IAC) among Latine youth is a sociocultural factor associated with suicide ideation.
Method: Although widely cited, the interpersonal theory of suicide (IPTS) lacks consistent support among Latine groups. The following cross-sectional study examined relationships between IAC categories (cultural preference, autonomy, and dating/staying out late), IPTS risk factors (i.e., thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness), and suicide ideation frequency among 376 Mexican descent college students sampled using participant pools and snowball sampling (73.7% female: Mage = 19.88).
Results: Mediation analyses supported the hypotheses that IPTS risk factors partially explained the links between IAC categories and suicide ideation frequency.
Conclusions: These findings advance our understanding of how sociocultural constructs, such as IAC, influence the IPTS and future advancements in culturally responsive treatments for suicide.
{"title":"Examining the relationship between suicide ideation frequency and intergenerational acculturative conflict between Mexican descent college students and their caregivers using the interpersonal theory of suicide.","authors":"Jocelyn I Meza, Brandy Piña-Watson, Daisy Lopez, Gisel Suarez Bonilla, Maria R Sanchez, Gabriela Manzo, Aundrea Garcia","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13067","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suicide is the third leading cause of death among US young adults, with significant racial/ethnic disparities related to the risk for suicide among Latine young adults. Despite the elevated risk for suicide, culturally relevant risk factors are not well-known. Intergenerational acculturative conflict (IAC) among Latine youth is a sociocultural factor associated with suicide ideation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Although widely cited, the interpersonal theory of suicide (IPTS) lacks consistent support among Latine groups. The following cross-sectional study examined relationships between IAC categories (cultural preference, autonomy, and dating/staying out late), IPTS risk factors (i.e., thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness), and suicide ideation frequency among 376 Mexican descent college students sampled using participant pools and snowball sampling (73.7% female: M<sub>age</sub> = 19.88).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mediation analyses supported the hypotheses that IPTS risk factors partially explained the links between IAC categories and suicide ideation frequency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings advance our understanding of how sociocultural constructs, such as IAC, influence the IPTS and future advancements in culturally responsive treatments for suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11347724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Collette Chapman-Hilliard, Tanisha Pelham, Victoria Mollo, Paulette Henry, Benjamin Miller, Joe Yankura, Ellen-Ge Denton
Objective: Suicide risk for youth in resource- limited settings has been largely underrepresented in the literature and requires targeted examination of practical ways to address this growing public health concern. The present study focuses on the clinical utility of depression risk assessment tools addressing how and for whom suicide prevention intervention is most beneficial within a low-middle-income-country, high suicide risk youth sample.
Methods: Youth who reported a previous suicide attempt versus those who did not were criterion to test the validity of depression and hopelessness symptom assessment tools. We used item analyses to identify depressive symptom endorsements that most informed youth suicide risk, which will better equip rural practitioners for targeted intervention and monitoring of youth with an already high risk for suicide.
Results: Findings demonstrated that practitioners may target symptoms of social anhedonia, depressed mood, concentration disturbance, feelings of worthlessness, sleep disturbance, and fatigue for suicide prevention-intervention efforts among high-risk youth.
Conclusions: Study implications are for clinicians' use of the BDI-II and CES-D for depression symptom identification and suicide risk monitoring in settings with limited mental health infrastructure.
{"title":"Clinical utility of depression measures and symptoms: Implications for suicide risk assessment in high risk, resource limited youth populations.","authors":"Collette Chapman-Hilliard, Tanisha Pelham, Victoria Mollo, Paulette Henry, Benjamin Miller, Joe Yankura, Ellen-Ge Denton","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Suicide risk for youth in resource- limited settings has been largely underrepresented in the literature and requires targeted examination of practical ways to address this growing public health concern. The present study focuses on the clinical utility of depression risk assessment tools addressing how and for whom suicide prevention intervention is most beneficial within a low-middle-income-country, high suicide risk youth sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Youth who reported a previous suicide attempt versus those who did not were criterion to test the validity of depression and hopelessness symptom assessment tools. We used item analyses to identify depressive symptom endorsements that most informed youth suicide risk, which will better equip rural practitioners for targeted intervention and monitoring of youth with an already high risk for suicide.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings demonstrated that practitioners may target symptoms of social anhedonia, depressed mood, concentration disturbance, feelings of worthlessness, sleep disturbance, and fatigue for suicide prevention-intervention efforts among high-risk youth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Study implications are for clinicians' use of the BDI-II and CES-D for depression symptom identification and suicide risk monitoring in settings with limited mental health infrastructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13016
Alexandra Junewicz, Jonathan M Wachtel, Eugene Okparaeke, Fei Guo, Pantea Farahmand, Rebecca Lois, Annie Li, Cheryl R Stein, Argelinda Baroni
Introduction: We examined data from a large, high acuity, pediatric psychiatric emergency department (ED) to assess both the immediate and longer-term impact of the pandemic on ED visits for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) among youth.
Methods: Youth ages 5-17 years presenting at a pediatric psychiatric ED in New York, NY from March 2019-November 2021 were included in this study. Visits were categorized as pre-pandemic, pandemic year 1, or pandemic year 2. We examined changes in demographic and clinical characteristics among patients presenting across the three time periods, as well as multivariable associations between these characteristics and STBs.
Results: Over 32 months, 2728 patients presented at 4161 visits. The prevalence of a discharge diagnosis of STBs increased from 21.2% pre-pandemic to 26.3% (p < 0.001) during pandemic year 1, and further increased to 30.1% (p = 0.049) during pandemic year 2. Youth were 21% more likely to receive a discharge diagnosis of STBs in pandemic year 1 (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07, 1.36) and 35% more likely in pandemic year 2 (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.19, 1.52) compared to pre-pandemic baseline.
Conclusions: In a large, high-acuity ED, STBs continued to increase 20 months after the initial COVID-19 lockdown. These findings highlight the persistent detrimental impact of the pandemic on youth mental health.
{"title":"The persistent impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric emergency department visits for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.","authors":"Alexandra Junewicz, Jonathan M Wachtel, Eugene Okparaeke, Fei Guo, Pantea Farahmand, Rebecca Lois, Annie Li, Cheryl R Stein, Argelinda Baroni","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13016","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We examined data from a large, high acuity, pediatric psychiatric emergency department (ED) to assess both the immediate and longer-term impact of the pandemic on ED visits for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) among youth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Youth ages 5-17 years presenting at a pediatric psychiatric ED in New York, NY from March 2019-November 2021 were included in this study. Visits were categorized as pre-pandemic, pandemic year 1, or pandemic year 2. We examined changes in demographic and clinical characteristics among patients presenting across the three time periods, as well as multivariable associations between these characteristics and STBs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 32 months, 2728 patients presented at 4161 visits. The prevalence of a discharge diagnosis of STBs increased from 21.2% pre-pandemic to 26.3% (p < 0.001) during pandemic year 1, and further increased to 30.1% (p = 0.049) during pandemic year 2. Youth were 21% more likely to receive a discharge diagnosis of STBs in pandemic year 1 (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07, 1.36) and 35% more likely in pandemic year 2 (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.19, 1.52) compared to pre-pandemic baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a large, high-acuity ED, STBs continued to increase 20 months after the initial COVID-19 lockdown. These findings highlight the persistent detrimental impact of the pandemic on youth mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-12-14DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13028
Alan R Teo, Elizabeth R Hooker, Aaron A Call, Steven K Dobscha, Stephanie Gamble, Wendi F Cross, Carie Rodgers
Introduction: VA S.A.V.E. (Signs; Ask; Validate; Encourage/Expedite) is a gatekeeper training developed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) that teaches individuals to identify and assist veterans at risk for suicide. Although VA S.A.V.E. has been widely disseminated, rigorous evaluation is lacking.
Methods: In a pilot randomized controlled trial of a brief, video-based version of VA S.A.V.E., individuals were recruited through Facebook, randomized to VA S.A.V.E. versus an attention control condition, and completed 6-month follow-up. A subgroup (n = 15) completed interviews. We used a mixed methods framework to integrate quantitative and qualitative findings.
Results: Among 214 participants, 61% were spouses/partners of veterans and 77% had prior suicide exposure. Sixty-seven percent (n = 68) of VA S.A.V.E. participants watched the entire video, and satisfaction and usability were highly rated. At 6-month follow-up, compared to the control group, the VA S.A.V.E. group had a higher proportion of participants use each gatekeeper behavior (66.7%-84.9% vs. 44.4%-77.1%), and used significantly more total gatekeeper behaviors (2.3 ± 0.9 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0; p = 0.01). Interviews supported positive reactions, learning, and behavior change from VA S.A.V.E.
Conclusion: VA S.A.V.E. merits further investigation into its effectiveness as a brief, scalable gatekeeper training for suicide prevention in veterans.
简介:VA S.A.V.E.(迹象;询问;确认;鼓励/启发)是退伍军人事务部(VA)开发的守门人培训,教导个人识别和帮助有自杀风险的退伍军人。尽管退伍军人事务部的 S.A.V.E. 已被广泛传播,但目前还缺乏严格的评估:在一项简短的视频版《退伍军人自杀风险评估》随机对照试验中,通过 Facebook 招募了一些人,将他们随机分配到《退伍军人自杀风险评估》与注意力对照组中,并完成了为期 6 个月的随访。其中一个子组(n = 15)完成了访谈。我们采用了混合方法框架来整合定量和定性研究结果:在 214 名参与者中,61% 是退伍军人的配偶/伴侣,77% 曾有过自杀经历。67% (n = 68) 的 VA S.A.V.E. 参与者观看了整个视频,对满意度和可用性给予了高度评价。在 6 个月的随访中,与对照组相比,VA S.A.V.E.组有更高比例的参与者使用了每种把关行为(66.7%-84.9% vs. 44.4%-77.1%),使用的把关行为总数也显著增加(2.3 ± 0.9 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0; p = 0.01)。访谈显示,VA S.A.V.E.能够带来积极的反应、学习和行为改变:VA S.A.V.E.作为预防退伍军人自杀的简短、可扩展的守门人培训,其有效性值得进一步研究。
{"title":"Brief video training for suicide prevention in veterans: A randomized controlled trial of VA S.A.V.E.","authors":"Alan R Teo, Elizabeth R Hooker, Aaron A Call, Steven K Dobscha, Stephanie Gamble, Wendi F Cross, Carie Rodgers","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>VA S.A.V.E. (Signs; Ask; Validate; Encourage/Expedite) is a gatekeeper training developed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) that teaches individuals to identify and assist veterans at risk for suicide. Although VA S.A.V.E. has been widely disseminated, rigorous evaluation is lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a pilot randomized controlled trial of a brief, video-based version of VA S.A.V.E., individuals were recruited through Facebook, randomized to VA S.A.V.E. versus an attention control condition, and completed 6-month follow-up. A subgroup (n = 15) completed interviews. We used a mixed methods framework to integrate quantitative and qualitative findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 214 participants, 61% were spouses/partners of veterans and 77% had prior suicide exposure. Sixty-seven percent (n = 68) of VA S.A.V.E. participants watched the entire video, and satisfaction and usability were highly rated. At 6-month follow-up, compared to the control group, the VA S.A.V.E. group had a higher proportion of participants use each gatekeeper behavior (66.7%-84.9% vs. 44.4%-77.1%), and used significantly more total gatekeeper behaviors (2.3 ± 0.9 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0; p = 0.01). Interviews supported positive reactions, learning, and behavior change from VA S.A.V.E.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VA S.A.V.E. merits further investigation into its effectiveness as a brief, scalable gatekeeper training for suicide prevention in veterans.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11164032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138808131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-11-13DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13018
Emma H Moscardini, Thanh P Le, Tovah Cowan, Jessica Gerner, Anthony Robinson, Alex S Cohen, Raymond P Tucker
Introduction: The Virtual Hope Box (VHB) is a smartphone application designed to support emotion regulation when one is distressed, in a crisis, or experiencing suicidal ideation (SI). Initial proof of concept studies indicate that individuals are more likely to use the VHB than traditional hope boxes, and find it both easy to setup and helpful. To our knowledge, no studies have harnessed ambulatory assessment methodology to assess VHB use as it relates to incidence of suicidal thinking.
Methods: As such, we recruited N = 50 undergraduates who endorsed SI either the past year or past 2 weeks to complete a 10-day investigation. At baseline, participants were oriented to the VHB and instructed on how to use the application. Over the next 10 days, participants responded to prompts five times per day on their personal smartphones regarding their current experiences of SI and stress as well as VHB usage.
Results: Results found that most participants used the VHB at least once, rated its usefulness as high, and rated their perceived likelihood of future use as high. In addition, increases in state SI severity were related to subsequent VHB use.
Conclusion: The VHB may be a useful tool for managing crises in undergraduates experiencing suicidal thoughts.
{"title":"Frequency and predictors of virtual hope box use in individuals experiencing suicidal ideation: An ecological momentary assessment investigation.","authors":"Emma H Moscardini, Thanh P Le, Tovah Cowan, Jessica Gerner, Anthony Robinson, Alex S Cohen, Raymond P Tucker","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13018","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Virtual Hope Box (VHB) is a smartphone application designed to support emotion regulation when one is distressed, in a crisis, or experiencing suicidal ideation (SI). Initial proof of concept studies indicate that individuals are more likely to use the VHB than traditional hope boxes, and find it both easy to setup and helpful. To our knowledge, no studies have harnessed ambulatory assessment methodology to assess VHB use as it relates to incidence of suicidal thinking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As such, we recruited N = 50 undergraduates who endorsed SI either the past year or past 2 weeks to complete a 10-day investigation. At baseline, participants were oriented to the VHB and instructed on how to use the application. Over the next 10 days, participants responded to prompts five times per day on their personal smartphones regarding their current experiences of SI and stress as well as VHB usage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results found that most participants used the VHB at least once, rated its usefulness as high, and rated their perceived likelihood of future use as high. In addition, increases in state SI severity were related to subsequent VHB use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The VHB may be a useful tool for managing crises in undergraduates experiencing suicidal thoughts.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10922839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92156922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-11-27DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13025
Luke T Bayliss, Christopher D Hughes, Andrea Lamont-Mills, Carol du Plessis
Introduction: Suicide capability is posited to facilitate the movement from ideation-to-action. Emerging evidence suggests capability comprises both trait- and state-like facets. This study examined fluctuations in and associations of acquired, dispositional, practical, and perceived capabilities, and suicidal mental imagery, and suicidal ideation.
Method: Seventy-five adults (48 females, Mage = 36.53 years) with lived experience of suicidal ideation and/or attempt responded to four prompts per day for 2 weeks that assessed suicide capability and suicidal ideation. Mean-squared successive differences and probability of acute change indices and multilevel models were used for analyses.
Results: All facets of suicide capability fluctuated. Acquired and dispositional capabilities were trait-like, with practical and perceived capabilities being state-like. Suicidal mental imagery was the only facet of suicide capability that distinguished participants with a suicide attempt in the past 12 months from participants with a suicide attempt more than 1 year ago and suicide ideators. Suicidal mental imagery was associated with concurrent suicidal ideation and predictive of next assessment suicidal ideation.
Conclusion: Suicidal mental imagery may be uniquely associated with suicide capability. This study suggests there are trait- and state-like facets of capability that can combine to potentially ready an individual to engage in suicidal behaviors.
{"title":"Fluidity in capability: Longitudinal assessments of suicide capability using ecological momentary assessments.","authors":"Luke T Bayliss, Christopher D Hughes, Andrea Lamont-Mills, Carol du Plessis","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suicide capability is posited to facilitate the movement from ideation-to-action. Emerging evidence suggests capability comprises both trait- and state-like facets. This study examined fluctuations in and associations of acquired, dispositional, practical, and perceived capabilities, and suicidal mental imagery, and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Seventy-five adults (48 females, Mage = 36.53 years) with lived experience of suicidal ideation and/or attempt responded to four prompts per day for 2 weeks that assessed suicide capability and suicidal ideation. Mean-squared successive differences and probability of acute change indices and multilevel models were used for analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All facets of suicide capability fluctuated. Acquired and dispositional capabilities were trait-like, with practical and perceived capabilities being state-like. Suicidal mental imagery was the only facet of suicide capability that distinguished participants with a suicide attempt in the past 12 months from participants with a suicide attempt more than 1 year ago and suicide ideators. Suicidal mental imagery was associated with concurrent suicidal ideation and predictive of next assessment suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Suicidal mental imagery may be uniquely associated with suicide capability. This study suggests there are trait- and state-like facets of capability that can combine to potentially ready an individual to engage in suicidal behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-01-19DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13005
Ian H Stanley, Melanie A Hom, Angela Wright
Introduction: Lethal means safety counseling (LMSC) to promote secure firearm storage may reduce the risk of firearm-involved deaths, including suicide. We examined if emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians, including emergency medical technicians and paramedics, may be suitable LMSC messengers.
Method: We conducted a web-based survey of 229 US EMS clinicians.
Results: While few EMS clinicians supported EMS-delivered LMSC to all patients (17.0%), most supported EMS-delivered LMSC to patients in an acute suicidal crisis (64.2%) or with a known suicide attempt history (55.9%). Barriers to EMS-delivered LMSC included lack of training (73.4%), perceptions that LMSC is outside EMS clinicians' scope of practice (58.1%), and lack of standard operating procedures (56.3%). Most reported at least some interest in receiving training on EMS-delivered LMSC (67.7%). Participants holding more accurate beliefs about the link between firearm storage practices and suicide risk, as well as the efficacy of LMSC, were more likely to support EMS-delivered LMSC across patient scenarios (ORs = 2.18-5.21, ps <0.01) and express interest in receiving LMSC training (ORs = 3.78-5.43, ps <0.001).
Conclusion: Given that many EMS clinicians interface with patients at elevated suicide risk, targeted LMSC training may be strategic; however, research is needed to determine if and how EMS clinicians might be viable LMSC messengers.
{"title":"Emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians' views on EMS-delivered interventions to promote secure firearm storage practices.","authors":"Ian H Stanley, Melanie A Hom, Angela Wright","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lethal means safety counseling (LMSC) to promote secure firearm storage may reduce the risk of firearm-involved deaths, including suicide. We examined if emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians, including emergency medical technicians and paramedics, may be suitable LMSC messengers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a web-based survey of 229 US EMS clinicians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While few EMS clinicians supported EMS-delivered LMSC to all patients (17.0%), most supported EMS-delivered LMSC to patients in an acute suicidal crisis (64.2%) or with a known suicide attempt history (55.9%). Barriers to EMS-delivered LMSC included lack of training (73.4%), perceptions that LMSC is outside EMS clinicians' scope of practice (58.1%), and lack of standard operating procedures (56.3%). Most reported at least some interest in receiving training on EMS-delivered LMSC (67.7%). Participants holding more accurate beliefs about the link between firearm storage practices and suicide risk, as well as the efficacy of LMSC, were more likely to support EMS-delivered LMSC across patient scenarios (ORs = 2.18-5.21, ps <0.01) and express interest in receiving LMSC training (ORs = 3.78-5.43, ps <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given that many EMS clinicians interface with patients at elevated suicide risk, targeted LMSC training may be strategic; however, research is needed to determine if and how EMS clinicians might be viable LMSC messengers.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139503075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13011
Daniel Romer
{"title":"Response to Niederkrontenthaler et al.","authors":"Daniel Romer","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13011","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13019
Gretchen J Diefenbach, Jessica Stubbing, Tyler B Rice, Kayla A Lord, M David Rudd, David F Tolin
Introduction: Substance use is an established risk factor for suicide attempt. Clarifying the role of substance use in suicide attempts may identify modifiable treatment targets. This study used mixed methods to associate substance use with suicide attempt history and identify pathways through which substance use contributes to attempts.
Methods: Study 1 included 213 adult inpatients (n = 127 with substance use disorder [SUD]), who completed assessments of suicide attempt history as well as demographic and clinical suicide risk factors. Study 2 was a narrative analysis of suicide attempt stories described by 20 inpatients diagnosed with SUD.
Results: In Study 1, patients with co-occurring alcohol and drug use disorders reported more actual lifetime suicide attempts than did those without SUD. In addition, alcohol and drug use disorders were independently associated with lifetime suicide attempts after controlling for demographic and clinical confounders. In Study 2, substance use played a role in all suicide attempts through at least one pathway before, during, or after a triggering stressor, or as suicide attempt method.
Conclusions: Substances play a role in suicide attempt baseline risk, acute risk and as means. It is important to target chronic and acute substance use in suicide prevention treatment plans.
{"title":"Uncovering the role of substance use in suicide attempts using a mixed-methods approach.","authors":"Gretchen J Diefenbach, Jessica Stubbing, Tyler B Rice, Kayla A Lord, M David Rudd, David F Tolin","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Substance use is an established risk factor for suicide attempt. Clarifying the role of substance use in suicide attempts may identify modifiable treatment targets. This study used mixed methods to associate substance use with suicide attempt history and identify pathways through which substance use contributes to attempts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study 1 included 213 adult inpatients (n = 127 with substance use disorder [SUD]), who completed assessments of suicide attempt history as well as demographic and clinical suicide risk factors. Study 2 was a narrative analysis of suicide attempt stories described by 20 inpatients diagnosed with SUD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Study 1, patients with co-occurring alcohol and drug use disorders reported more actual lifetime suicide attempts than did those without SUD. In addition, alcohol and drug use disorders were independently associated with lifetime suicide attempts after controlling for demographic and clinical confounders. In Study 2, substance use played a role in all suicide attempts through at least one pathway before, during, or after a triggering stressor, or as suicide attempt method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Substances play a role in suicide attempt baseline risk, acute risk and as means. It is important to target chronic and acute substance use in suicide prevention treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13030
Ying-Yeh Chen, Cheuk Yui Yeung, Paul S F Yip
Introduction: From 2010 to 2021, suicide rates in 15-24 age group in Taiwan increased by 70%, with jumping being the most common method in 2021. We examined the link between the rise in youth suicides and the increase in high-rise buildings during this period.
Methods: Spearman's correlation coefficients and negative binomial mixed-effects models were employed to assess the association between the increase in high-rise buildings and jumping suicides over time.
Results: Spearman's correlation coefficients of high-rise buildings and jumping suicide rates in youth decreased from 0.692 (p < 0.001) in 2010 to 0.354 (p = 0.11) in 2021. Negative binomial mixed-effects models showed that although jumping suicide rates in youths increased over time, the increase in numbers of high-rise buildings was not related to rates of youth suicide by jumping. Conversely, in older age groups, the correlations were still prominent.
Conclusion: Despite the rising trend in youth suicides by jumping over the past 11 years, our study refutes the intuitive notion that the increase in high-rise buildings contributes to this trend. It is imperative to identify and address other potential factors, such as academic stress and/or family disruptions, for effective prevention of youth suicide.
{"title":"Exploring the link between the increase in high-rise buildings and youth jumping suicide in Taiwan: A longitudinal study.","authors":"Ying-Yeh Chen, Cheuk Yui Yeung, Paul S F Yip","doi":"10.1111/sltb.13030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sltb.13030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>From 2010 to 2021, suicide rates in 15-24 age group in Taiwan increased by 70%, with jumping being the most common method in 2021. We examined the link between the rise in youth suicides and the increase in high-rise buildings during this period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Spearman's correlation coefficients and negative binomial mixed-effects models were employed to assess the association between the increase in high-rise buildings and jumping suicides over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spearman's correlation coefficients of high-rise buildings and jumping suicide rates in youth decreased from 0.692 (p < 0.001) in 2010 to 0.354 (p = 0.11) in 2021. Negative binomial mixed-effects models showed that although jumping suicide rates in youths increased over time, the increase in numbers of high-rise buildings was not related to rates of youth suicide by jumping. Conversely, in older age groups, the correlations were still prominent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the rising trend in youth suicides by jumping over the past 11 years, our study refutes the intuitive notion that the increase in high-rise buildings contributes to this trend. It is imperative to identify and address other potential factors, such as academic stress and/or family disruptions, for effective prevention of youth suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":39684,"journal":{"name":"Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}