Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.05
S. Dextre-Vilchez, Alexandra Fabiola Tapia-Mayta, R. Febres-Ramos, Rocío Paola Vásquez-Mercado, M. R. Mercado-Rey
Objective: To identify the factors associated with fear of COVID-19 prior to returning to in-person classes among medical students.
目的:确定医学生重返课堂前对COVID-19恐惧的相关因素。
{"title":"Factores asociados al miedo a la COVID-19 previo al retorno a clases presenciales en una facultad de Medicina peruana","authors":"S. Dextre-Vilchez, Alexandra Fabiola Tapia-Mayta, R. Febres-Ramos, Rocío Paola Vásquez-Mercado, M. R. Mercado-Rey","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify the factors associated with fear of COVID-19 prior to returning to in-person classes among medical students.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124809168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.08
Diego Rolando Apaza Arzapalo, Milagros Roxana Salinas Quiñonez, L. R. Pantoja Sánchez
Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of hypertension (HTN) among teachers of IEP No. 20799 Daniel Alcides Carrión located in Chancayllo, Chancay-Huaral, Local Education Management Unit (UGEL) No. 10, 2021. Materials and methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study which included the
目的:了解2021年chanjay - huaral市chanayllo市第10教育管理单位(UGEL)第20799 Daniel Alcides Carrión IEP教师对高血压(HTN)的知识水平。材料和方法:一项描述性和横断面研究，包括
{"title":"Nivel de conocimiento de hipertensión arterial en docentes de una institución educativa pública, Lima provincias, 2021","authors":"Diego Rolando Apaza Arzapalo, Milagros Roxana Salinas Quiñonez, L. R. Pantoja Sánchez","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of hypertension (HTN) among teachers of IEP No. 20799 Daniel Alcides Carrión located in Chancayllo, Chancay-Huaral, Local Education Management Unit (UGEL) No. 10, 2021. Materials and methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study which included the","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125842457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.09
Jimy Williams Cuevas Cisneros, Stefanny Rocío Huamán Sayago, Patricia Marisol Mendoza Ccorimanya, Estefany Mosqueira Oporto, Qori Urpi Incarroca Quispe, Dayant Hanna Andrea Jordán Saldaña, Fernando Laurel Montesinos, Chaska Lezama Quispe, Carlos Hesed Virto Farfan
Giant hiatal hernia is a condition in which more than 30 % of the stomach is displaced upward toward the thorax, thus producing an abnormal protrusion above the diaphragmatic clamp. This can occur by various mechanisms such as alterations at the gastroesophageal junction or diaphragmatic atrophy that can take place due to a number of reasons, including involutional changes, extensive trauma or damage to the phrenic nerve. Most cases are usually asymptomatic; however, when clinical manifestations occur, they vary depending on the size of the herniation and range from chest pain (also epigastric pain), nausea, vomiting to abdominal distension. In case of presenting complications such as gastric volvulus or Cameron lesions, the symptoms include Borchardt’s triad, which consists of abdominal pain and distension, violent vomiting and difficulty passing a nasogastric tube. We present the case of an 82-year-old male patient who was admitted to the emergency room for severe abdominal pain, severe hematemesis and sensory disorder. On physical examination, pale facies and diaphoresis were observed; on palpation, the main indication was abdominal pain in the epigastric area. Emergency endoscopy was requested, finding a deep ulcer with congestive edges and active bleeding in the lower portion of the esophagus, in addition to observing that part of the gastric fundus and the cardias were herniated toward the thorax. This confirmed the diagnosis of a giant hiatal hernia; however, the treatment was interrupted by the patient when he asked for voluntary discharge after refusing to undergo surgery.
{"title":"Hernia hiatal gigante: presentación de un caso clínico","authors":"Jimy Williams Cuevas Cisneros, Stefanny Rocío Huamán Sayago, Patricia Marisol Mendoza Ccorimanya, Estefany Mosqueira Oporto, Qori Urpi Incarroca Quispe, Dayant Hanna Andrea Jordán Saldaña, Fernando Laurel Montesinos, Chaska Lezama Quispe, Carlos Hesed Virto Farfan","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.09","url":null,"abstract":"Giant hiatal hernia is a condition in which more than 30 % of the stomach is displaced upward toward the thorax, thus producing an abnormal protrusion above the diaphragmatic clamp. This can occur by various mechanisms such as alterations at the gastroesophageal junction or diaphragmatic atrophy that can take place due to a number of reasons, including involutional changes, extensive trauma or damage to the phrenic nerve. Most cases are usually asymptomatic; however, when clinical manifestations occur, they vary depending on the size of the herniation and range from chest pain (also epigastric pain), nausea, vomiting to abdominal distension. In case of presenting complications such as gastric volvulus or Cameron lesions, the symptoms include Borchardt’s triad, which consists of abdominal pain and distension, violent vomiting and difficulty passing a nasogastric tube. We present the case of an 82-year-old male patient who was admitted to the emergency room for severe abdominal pain, severe hematemesis and sensory disorder. On physical examination, pale facies and diaphoresis were observed; on palpation, the main indication was abdominal pain in the epigastric area. Emergency endoscopy was requested, finding a deep ulcer with congestive edges and active bleeding in the lower portion of the esophagus, in addition to observing that part of the gastric fundus and the cardias were herniated toward the thorax. This confirmed the diagnosis of a giant hiatal hernia; however, the treatment was interrupted by the patient when he asked for voluntary discharge after refusing to undergo surgery.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125193863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.07
Alberto Guevara Tirado
Objective: To assess the degree of hemoglobin correlation as a possible predictor of hematocrit and red blood cell count according to age and sex in a population of the district of Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, correlational and prospective study carried out with 550 men and 700 women of all ages who attended monthly preventive-promotional health campaigns, as well as routine medical consultations, from January 2021 to June 2022. Collected data consisted of hematocrit, red blood cells and hemoglobin counts. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used. Results: There was a higher prevalence of anemia in the group of women older than 11 years (35.10 %), while hemoglobin levels in most children younger than 11 years were mainly normal. High and positive correlations between hemoglobin and hematocrit close to one were found in all age groups and both sexes. In addition, moderate and positive correlations were found in female infants and girls (Rho = 0.525), female adolescents (Rho = 624), as well as male infants and boys (Rho = 0.597). Conclusions: Hemoglobin levels are highly and positively correlated with hematocrit. Simultaneous hemoglobin and hematocrit testing may be clinically and economically unnecessary in screening and preventive-promotional campaigns on anemia conducted in large population groups. Likewise, hemoglobin correlates moderately and positively with red blood cell in children of both sexes and female adolescents. Further research is needed to deepen the reasons why correlation varies in these groups.
目的:评估血红蛋白相关性的程度，作为一个可能的预测红细胞压积和红细胞计数根据年龄和性别的人口在Villa El Salvador，利马，秘鲁。材料和方法:在2021年1月至2022年6月期间，对每月参加预防促进健康运动和常规医疗咨询的550名男性和700名所有年龄段的女性进行了一项观察性、分析性、相关性和前瞻性研究。收集的数据包括血细胞比容、红细胞和血红蛋白计数。采用Spearman相关系数。结果:11岁以上妇女贫血发生率较高(35.10%)，11岁以下儿童血红蛋白水平以正常为主。血红蛋白和红细胞压积之间的高度正相关关系在所有年龄组和两性中都接近1。此外，在女婴和女孩(Rho = 0.525)、女性青少年(Rho = 624)以及男婴和男孩(Rho = 0.597)中存在中度正相关。结论:血红蛋白水平与红细胞压积高度正相关。同时进行血红蛋白和红细胞压积检测在临床和经济上可能是不必要的，在大量人群中进行贫血筛查和预防宣传活动。同样，在男女儿童和女性青少年中，血红蛋白与红细胞呈正相关。需要进一步的研究来加深这些群体之间相关性变化的原因。
{"title":"Hemoglobina como predictor del recuento de hematocrito y hematíes según edad y sexo en una población de Villa El Salvador en Lima-Perú","authors":"Alberto Guevara Tirado","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the degree of hemoglobin correlation as a possible predictor of hematocrit and red blood cell count according to age and sex in a population of the district of Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, correlational and prospective study carried out with 550 men and 700 women of all ages who attended monthly preventive-promotional health campaigns, as well as routine medical consultations, from January 2021 to June 2022. Collected data consisted of hematocrit, red blood cells and hemoglobin counts. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used. Results: There was a higher prevalence of anemia in the group of women older than 11 years (35.10 %), while hemoglobin levels in most children younger than 11 years were mainly normal. High and positive correlations between hemoglobin and hematocrit close to one were found in all age groups and both sexes. In addition, moderate and positive correlations were found in female infants and girls (Rho = 0.525), female adolescents (Rho = 624), as well as male infants and boys (Rho = 0.597). Conclusions: Hemoglobin levels are highly and positively correlated with hematocrit. Simultaneous hemoglobin and hematocrit testing may be clinically and economically unnecessary in screening and preventive-promotional campaigns on anemia conducted in large population groups. Likewise, hemoglobin correlates moderately and positively with red blood cell in children of both sexes and female adolescents. Further research is needed to deepen the reasons why correlation varies in these groups.","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121881357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.12
Henry Guija-Guerra, Emilio Guija-Poma
Free radicals are compounds characterized by having an unpaired electron in their outer orbit, a condition that makes them highly reactive, i.e., they interact through diffusion-controlled reactions with proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. They have also been referred to as reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) or reactive sulfur species (RSS). In the human organism, they are mainly produced in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, where respiratory complexes I and III specifically participate and reduce oxygen by converting it into superoxide anion. Likewise, they can be formed through a wide variety of enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions involving substances that are synthesized by cells or are ingested with food and some medicines. Human beings have an antioxidant system which is both enzymatic and non-enzymatic in nature and whose function is to protect the organism from the harmful action of free radicals. This system includes enzymes—such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, thioredoxin, etc.—and non-enzymatic compounds— such as glutathione, ferritin, myoglobin, etc. However, they are not efficient enough to protect it, so it is necessary to eat foods that contain substances with antioxidant properties whose protective action will depend on their chemical reactivity and their concentration. These antioxidant compounds are mainly found in fruits and vegetables, where polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, etc. have been identified. A significant amount of evidence suggests that
{"title":"Radicales libres y sistema antioxidante","authors":"Henry Guija-Guerra, Emilio Guija-Poma","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Free radicals are compounds characterized by having an unpaired electron in their outer orbit, a condition that makes them highly reactive, i.e., they interact through diffusion-controlled reactions with proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. They have also been referred to as reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) or reactive sulfur species (RSS). In the human organism, they are mainly produced in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, where respiratory complexes I and III specifically participate and reduce oxygen by converting it into superoxide anion. Likewise, they can be formed through a wide variety of enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions involving substances that are synthesized by cells or are ingested with food and some medicines. Human beings have an antioxidant system which is both enzymatic and non-enzymatic in nature and whose function is to protect the organism from the harmful action of free radicals. This system includes enzymes—such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, thioredoxin, etc.—and non-enzymatic compounds— such as glutathione, ferritin, myoglobin, etc. However, they are not efficient enough to protect it, so it is necessary to eat foods that contain substances with antioxidant properties whose protective action will depend on their chemical reactivity and their concentration. These antioxidant compounds are mainly found in fruits and vegetables, where polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, etc. have been identified. A significant amount of evidence suggests that","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128168478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.10
Andreé Salvatierra, J. Del-Carmen-Sara
Orbitofrontal syndrome is characterized by disinhibition, impulsiveness, transgression of social norms and sometimes the development of criminal behavior. This is the case of an 18-year-old male offender incarcerated for kidnapping, rape and homicide of a minor. He was evaluated through interviews and the use of the Eysenck personality questionnaire (Form B), Raven’s progressive matrices (RPM), Rey–Osterrieth complex figure (Form A), Differences perception test (FACES-R), Stroop color and word test (SCWT), Mini-Mental state examination (MMSE) and Aggression questionnaire (AGQ). The research subject showed age-appropriate speech, language and vocabulary, and had neither physical problems nor attention, language, writing, reading, praxis, calculation, perception and memory disorders. The results highlight a higher-than-average intelligence quotient, optimal cognitive skills
{"title":"Síndrome orbitofrontal en un interno con infracciones por secuestro agravado, violación sexual y muerte de una menor de edad","authors":"Andreé Salvatierra, J. Del-Carmen-Sara","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Orbitofrontal syndrome is characterized by disinhibition, impulsiveness, transgression of social norms and sometimes the development of criminal behavior. This is the case of an 18-year-old male offender incarcerated for kidnapping, rape and homicide of a minor. He was evaluated through interviews and the use of the Eysenck personality questionnaire (Form B), Raven’s progressive matrices (RPM), Rey–Osterrieth complex figure (Form A), Differences perception test (FACES-R), Stroop color and word test (SCWT), Mini-Mental state examination (MMSE) and Aggression questionnaire (AGQ). The research subject showed age-appropriate speech, language and vocabulary, and had neither physical problems nor attention, language, writing, reading, praxis, calculation, perception and memory disorders. The results highlight a higher-than-average intelligence quotient, optimal cognitive skills","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134418661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.14
L. Freire, Maria Antonieta Daza-Millone, Lina Vanessa Becerra-Hernández, Solange Rosa Paredes-Moscosso
{"title":"Cuando la razón se nutre de los afectos: reflexiones de jóvenes científicos en los desafíos de la ciencia en Latinoamérica","authors":"L. Freire, Maria Antonieta Daza-Millone, Lina Vanessa Becerra-Hernández, Solange Rosa Paredes-Moscosso","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128711464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.06
María Antonieta Alcalá Pimentel, Kattya Liliana García Ramírez, John Eloy Ponce Pardo
Objective: To identify how the implementation of a peripheral pharmaceutical intervention program influences the prevention of anemia in children from 0 to 5 years of age. Materials and methods: A quantitative, descriptive and comparative study was conducted with a purposive non-probability sampling. The study population consisted of 40 children and the sample included 28 children from 0 to 5 years of age, of both sexes, living in the Carlos Manuel Cox shanty town, located in the district
{"title":"Programa de intervención farmacéutica periférica para la prevención de anemia ferropénica en niños","authors":"María Antonieta Alcalá Pimentel, Kattya Liliana García Ramírez, John Eloy Ponce Pardo","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify how the implementation of a peripheral pharmaceutical intervention program influences the prevention of anemia in children from 0 to 5 years of age. Materials and methods: A quantitative, descriptive and comparative study was conducted with a purposive non-probability sampling. The study population consisted of 40 children and the sample included 28 children from 0 to 5 years of age, of both sexes, living in the Carlos Manuel Cox shanty town, located in the district","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121733000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.13
Gonzalo Miranda Manrique
{"title":"Enfermedad por esteatohepatitis no alcohólica en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2: artículo de revisión","authors":"Gonzalo Miranda Manrique","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n2.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":396953,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Médico (Lima)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129135258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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