{"title":"Diurnal and seasonal changes in structure of the midlatitude quiet ionosphere","authors":"J. Wright","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125872100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Measured signals on two t ropospheri c scatter links have bee n analyzed in t he liO"ht of radio refractivity profiles prepared from radiosonde data. On the shorter link (San DiegoSanta Ana, 85 miles) t he basic transmission loss was found to be approximately a li nea r fun ct ion of f1N, t he change in radio refractivity from the gro und to a height of 1 ki lometer. On the longer (Cape CanaveralNew Providence I sla nd , Baha mas, 300 miles) t he relationship between transmission loss a nd f1N was nonlinear , and better results were obtained by averaging the refractivity gradi ent over 5,000 fee t . Correlation coefficients on t he San DiegoSanta Ana link range from 0.39 in August to 0.84 in February. On the Cape CanaveralN ew Providence link the co rrelation factor is 0.92. The results show the feasibility of forecasting signal-to-noise ratios on over-water t ropospheri c scatter co mmunications syst ems on a daily or hourly basis.
{"title":"Correlation between hourly median scattered signals and simple refractivity parameters","authors":"A. Dennis","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.032","url":null,"abstract":"Measured signals on two t ropospheri c scatter links have bee n analyzed in t he liO\"ht of radio refractivity profiles prepared from radiosonde data. On the shorter link (San DiegoSanta Ana, 85 miles) t he basic transmission loss was found to be approximately a li nea r fun ct ion of f1N, t he change in radio refractivity from the gro und to a height of 1 ki lometer. On the longer (Cape CanaveralNew Providence I sla nd , Baha mas, 300 miles) t he relationship between transmission loss a nd f1N was nonlinear , and better results were obtained by averaging the refractivity gradi ent over 5,000 fee t . Correlation coefficients on t he San DiegoSanta Ana link range from 0.39 in August to 0.84 in February. On the Cape CanaveralN ew Providence link the co rrelation factor is 0.92. The results show the feasibility of forecasting signal-to-noise ratios on over-water t ropospheri c scatter co mmunications syst ems on a daily or hourly basis.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129205684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature offers numerous examples of irregular stratification of t he medium for the p rop:t gation of radio waves. A study of t he process of reflection in such a mcdium distinguishes between specular reflection and diffuse reflection. The phenomenon of trans-hori zon tropospheric propagation offers an example of t he application of such a process, necessar." for t he interpretation of experimental results. Other examples are those of ionospheric propagation (sporadic-E laycr) and propagation over an irregular ground surfact' (phenom enon of albedo).
{"title":"On the role of the process of reflection in radio wave propagation","authors":"F. Castel, P. Misme, A. Spizzichino, J. Voge","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.031","url":null,"abstract":"Nature offers numerous examples of irregular stratification of t he medium for the p rop:t gation of radio waves. A study of t he process of reflection in such a mcdium distinguishes between specular reflection and diffuse reflection. The phenomenon of trans-hori zon tropospheric propagation offers an example of t he application of such a process, necessar.\" for t he interpretation of experimental results. Other examples are those of ionospheric propagation (sporadic-E laycr) and propagation over an irregular ground surfact' (phenom enon of albedo).","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123096278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ionospheric irregularities and long-distance radio propagation","authors":"H. Whale","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124242567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract : IN CALCULATING GROUND LOSSES FOR ANTENNAS IT IS OF IMPORTANCE TO KNOW THE VERTICAL ELECTRIC FIELD STRENGTH AND THE TANGENTIAL MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH AT THE SURFACE OFPUTATIONS ARE CARRIED OUT TO SOME EXTENT. (Author)
{"title":"THE ELECTRIC FIELD AT THE GROUND PLANE NEAR A DISK-LOADED MONOPOLE","authors":"J. Hansen, T. Larsen","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : IN CALCULATING GROUND LOSSES FOR ANTENNAS IT IS OF IMPORTANCE TO KNOW THE VERTICAL ELECTRIC FIELD STRENGTH AND THE TANGENTIAL MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH AT THE SURFACE OFPUTATIONS ARE CARRIED OUT TO SOME EXTENT. (Author)","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"30 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116406191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impedance of a v('rtical monopole lo cated over the surface of an imperfect ly conducting ear t h a nd having a radial-wire gro und system has been st udied theoretically by J. R Wait. An exp erim ental investigation di scussed in pa rt I of this pa per gave results in good agreem ent with Wai t's theory. Thi s part of the paper is a presentation of calculatio ns based on Wait's theory showing t he behav ior of a nte nn a im pedance as a funct ion of a ntenna h('i ght, toploading a nd number, size, !1lld lengt ll of rad ia l wires.
J. R . Wait从理论上研究了位于不完全导电耳表面并具有径向导线接地系统的v '垂直单极子的阻抗。本文第一部分讨论的实验研究结果与魏氏理论很好地吻合。本文的这一部分是基于Wait理论的计算演示，该理论显示了一个网络的行为，并将其作为一个函数，该函数是一个天线h(光，负载，数量，大小，长度)。
{"title":"Impedance of a monopole antenna with a radial-wire ground system on an imperfectly conducting half space, part I","authors":"S. Maley, R. King","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.021","url":null,"abstract":"The impedance of a v('rtical monopole lo cated over the surface of an imperfect ly conducting ear t h a nd having a radial-wire gro und system has been st udied theoretically by J. R Wait. An exp erim ental investigation di scussed in pa rt I of this pa per gave results in good agreem ent with Wai t's theory. Thi s part of the paper is a presentation of calculatio ns based on Wait's theory showing t he behav ior of a nte nn a im pedance as a funct ion of a ntenna h('i ght, toploading a nd number, size, !1lld lengt ll of rad ia l wires.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"23 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114041014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The summer intensity variations of [OI] 6300 A in the tropics","authors":"D. Barbier, F. Roach, W. Steiger","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125901904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract : A tentative classification of possible sources of radio noise in the vicinity of the earth ay be obtai ed by examining separately available sources of power and known mechanism for conversion of this power. Among the former we may list high-energy electrons such as those trapped in the Van Allen belts; the solar wind; bursts of high-energy particles ejected by the sun; shock waves in the interplanetary medium originating on the sun; and the rotational energy of the earth. Mechanisms of conversion may be classified as direct, such as synchrotron and Cerenkov radiation, and indirect. Indirect conversion involves the excitation of an intermediate state by the available sources of power and subsequent radiation by this state. This intermediate sta e may be localized heating, the formation of unstable current patterns, the acceleration of particles, or the generation of waves which are themselves nonradiative, such as plasma oscillations. The following mechanisms which are relevant to the generation of radio noise receive special attention: Cerenkov radiation, two-stream instability, and the coupling of waves by inhomogeneity and nonlinearity. (Author)
{"title":"Generation of radio noise in the vicinity of the earth","authors":"P. Sturrock","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : A tentative classification of possible sources of radio noise in the vicinity of the earth ay be obtai ed by examining separately available sources of power and known mechanism for conversion of this power. Among the former we may list high-energy electrons such as those trapped in the Van Allen belts; the solar wind; bursts of high-energy particles ejected by the sun; shock waves in the interplanetary medium originating on the sun; and the rotational energy of the earth. Mechanisms of conversion may be classified as direct, such as synchrotron and Cerenkov radiation, and indirect. Indirect conversion involves the excitation of an intermediate state by the available sources of power and subsequent radiation by this state. This intermediate sta e may be localized heating, the formation of unstable current patterns, the acceleration of particles, or the generation of waves which are themselves nonradiative, such as plasma oscillations. The following mechanisms which are relevant to the generation of radio noise receive special attention: Cerenkov radiation, two-stream instability, and the coupling of waves by inhomogeneity and nonlinearity. (Author)","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"17 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120991065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obsen·ations of f,.d ing chamcLeri sLics of h igh-frequency sig na,ls have been carried ou t on a long path (4,470 ki lometer,) pass i ll '~ Llnoug h the a uroral zone. SLaListics were obLain ed on fad ing rate, shor t-Lern1. carrier amp liLud e flu ctuaLio ns, and fad e duraLio ns. Fad in~ raLes higher than 20 c:vcles per seco nd were observed for a s mall percenLage of Lhe time at eac h of the t hree carrier frequencies u sed , >Lnd show only a minor d itlrnalLrend, wiLh lhe maximum usually occu rring during t he early morning h ours. Rayleigh di sLribuLions of carrier envelope ampli Lude were obtain ed for man y of the obse rvaL ions; however , fading d epLh was normally reduced durin g periods of rap id fad ing.
{"title":"Fading characteristics observed on a high-frequency auroral radio path","authors":"J. Koch, H. Petrie","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.019","url":null,"abstract":"Obsen·ations of f,.d ing chamcLeri sLics of h igh-frequency sig na,ls have been carried ou t on a long path (4,470 ki lometer,) pass i ll '~ Llnoug h the a uroral zone. SLaListics were obLain ed on fad ing rate, shor t-Lern1. carrier amp liLud e flu ctuaLio ns, and fad e duraLio ns. Fad in~ raLes higher than 20 c:vcles per seco nd were observed for a s mall percenLage of Lhe time at eac h of the t hree carrier frequencies u sed , >Lnd show only a minor d itlrnalLrend, wiLh lhe maximum usually occu rring during t he early morning h ours. Rayleigh di sLribuLions of carrier envelope ampli Lude were obtain ed for man y of the obse rvaL ions; however , fading d epLh was normally reduced durin g periods of rap id fad ing.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121898544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is an expository paper presenting t he following : (1) t hc origin, and (2) t he propelties of the R ayleigh distribution ; (3) the most e fficient cstimators of its paramctcrs; (4) a test of the hypothesis that a set of observations is from a R ayleigh dist ribu t ion ; (5) t he distr ibu t ion of t he ratio of t wo independent Rayleigh vari "tcs; and (6) the Rayleigh process deri ved from a normal process.
{"title":"Some problems connected with Rayleigh distributions","authors":"M. M. Siddiqui","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.020","url":null,"abstract":"This is an expository paper presenting t he following : (1) t hc origin, and (2) t he propelties of the R ayleigh distribution ; (3) the most e fficient cstimators of its paramctcrs; (4) a test of the hypothesis that a set of observations is from a R ayleigh dist ribu t ion ; (5) t he distr ibu t ion of t he ratio of t wo independent Rayleigh vari \"tcs; and (6) the Rayleigh process deri ved from a normal process.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121389066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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