Pub Date : 2018-08-10DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0004
R. Finkenbine
From the establishment of the Greenville Treaty Line in 1795 to Wyandot removal in 1843, northwest Ohio constituted a “land apart” from the waves of white settlement that overwhelmed the eastern part of the Old Northwest. Native Americans—primarily Shawnee, Ottawa, and Wyandot—constituted the dominant population there, in what was often referred to as “Indian Country.” This region lay astride the primary northbound routes traversed by fugitive slaves from Kentucky, western Virginia, and beyond, heading to Canada via the Detroit River borderland or the western half of Lake Erie, and freedom seekers were frequently assisted by Native Americans. This chapter explores two regions in particular. One is the stretch of Ottawa villages along the Maumee River, where runaways were welcomed and protected, then taken to Fort Malden, Upper Canada, each year when Ottawa warriors went to receive their annual payment of goods for fighting on the British side during the War of 1812. The other is the Wyandot Grand Reserve at Upper Sandusky, which sponsored a maroon village of fugitive slaves called Negro Town for four decades. These two case studies serve as a point of departure for arguing that “Indian Country” was a unique space of freedom.
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Pub Date : 2018-08-10DOI: 10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056036.003.0002
G. Hodges
This chapter explores the extent, meaning, and impact of enslaved African-American flight during the era of the American Revolution. Its temporal boundaries range roughly from 1763, the onset of Revolutionary activities and discourses, to state-level “First Emancipation,” to the last act of Gradual Emancipation in New Jersey in 1804. Geographically, the article covers the Atlantic seaboard colonies and later states. The chapter argues that black self-emancipation via flight—including individual actions but also the mass movements of the Revolutionary Black Loyalists—was the single greatest method for enslaved people to gain freedom in this rapidly changing political landscape. Slave flight indeed had a profound impact on that landscape and affected American construction of slave laws during the Revolutionary Era.
{"title":"Black Self-Emancipation, Gradual Emancipation, and the Underground Railroad in the Northern Colonies and States, 1763–1804","authors":"G. Hodges","doi":"10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056036.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056036.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the extent, meaning, and impact of enslaved African-American flight during the era of the American Revolution. Its temporal boundaries range roughly from 1763, the onset of Revolutionary activities and discourses, to state-level “First Emancipation,” to the last act of Gradual Emancipation in New Jersey in 1804. Geographically, the article covers the Atlantic seaboard colonies and later states. The chapter argues that black self-emancipation via flight—including individual actions but also the mass movements of the Revolutionary Black Loyalists—was the single greatest method for enslaved people to gain freedom in this rapidly changing political landscape. Slave flight indeed had a profound impact on that landscape and affected American construction of slave laws during the Revolutionary Era.","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131846919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction:","authors":"Damian Alan Pargas","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130196353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Illegal but Tolerated:","authors":"V. Müller","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130243453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"List of Tables","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116877162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-10DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0009
K. Ainsworth
Drawing from the exceptional stories of hundreds of Texas fugitive slaves, this chapter examines how runaways navigated the geography of slavery and freedom in that state in the antebellum period. It places Texas in the growing Atlantic historiography of runaway slaves, and considers the unique circumstances under which enslaved people fled in the southern borderlands. A new available digital resource, the Texas Runaway Slave Project, which features more than 1,800 documented escape attempts by Texas slaves, is the basis for this study. The chapter delves into the wealth of information available in newspaper metadata, analyzing the minutiae of runaway slave advertisements, including publication decisions, word choice, content repetition, and variation, in order to supplement traditional demographic analyses of fugitive slaves.
{"title":"Advertising Maranda","authors":"K. Ainsworth","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing from the exceptional stories of hundreds of Texas fugitive slaves, this chapter examines how runaways navigated the geography of slavery and freedom in that state in the antebellum period. It places Texas in the growing Atlantic historiography of runaway slaves, and considers the unique circumstances under which enslaved people fled in the southern borderlands. A new available digital resource, the Texas Runaway Slave Project, which features more than 1,800 documented escape attempts by Texas slaves, is the basis for this study. The chapter delves into the wealth of information available in newspaper metadata, analyzing the minutiae of runaway slave advertisements, including publication decisions, word choice, content repetition, and variation, in order to supplement traditional demographic analyses of fugitive slaves.","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121395306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Underground Railroad in “Indian Country”:","authors":"R. Finkenbine","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122976223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seeking Freedom in the Midst of Slavery:","authors":"Damian Alan Pargas","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127496448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Design His Course to Mexico”:","authors":"Mekala Audain","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124377621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"After 1850:","authors":"M. Pinsker","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06x80.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398877,"journal":{"name":"Fugitive Slaves and Spaces of Freedom in North America","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129441555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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