A modem structure for high speed digital (QPSK) communications in the time division multiple access (TDMA) mode is presented that overcomes the problems of intersymbol interference and acquisition of each TDMA burst. The first part of the design involves the examination of an IF adaptive equalizer to compensate for channel distortion. The second part of the design involves a reexamination of traditional carrier and clock recovery networks and the proposal for their replacement by (560 MHz) synchronous oscillators.
{"title":"A new synchronization technique for high speed modems","authors":"W. E. Mattis","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561114","url":null,"abstract":"A modem structure for high speed digital (QPSK) communications in the time division multiple access (TDMA) mode is presented that overcomes the problems of intersymbol interference and acquisition of each TDMA burst. The first part of the design involves the examination of an IF adaptive equalizer to compensate for channel distortion. The second part of the design involves a reexamination of traditional carrier and clock recovery networks and the proposal for their replacement by (560 MHz) synchronous oscillators.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125366900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the mobility requirements, the need for multihop (i.e., store-and-forward) operation, and the variability of the link conditions, distributed network protocols are necessary in order to make a reliable network out of the collection of unreliable links. Mobile, multiple-hop packet radio networks must route packets through several radios in order to deliver packets to their destinations. Least resistance routing (LRR) is specifically designed for routing packets in a tactical packet radio network. A unique feature of LRR is that it incorporates side information into the routing protocol for the purpose of detecting the presence of interference. The routing tables are adjusted to avoid particular radios and regions of the network that are subjected to high levels of partial-band or multiple-access interference. A simulation of a frequency hopping packet radio network using the SINCGARS radio is utilized to examine the performance of LRR in a realistic tactical environment. The model of the SINCGARS radio allows for greater detail in accounting for mobile partial-band jamming and FH multiple-access interference than has been possible in previous investigations. Both link and transport layer acknowledgments along with retransmission of dropped packets are modeled. The performance of LRR is compared to a conventional shortest path routing algorithm. LRR algorithms using both node and link resistance measures are investigated as well as a number of different routing metrics. Networks with both static and mobile user topologies are simulated.
{"title":"Investigation of least resistance routing in a mobile SINCGARS packet radio network","authors":"R. Martin, H. Russell","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561096","url":null,"abstract":"Given the mobility requirements, the need for multihop (i.e., store-and-forward) operation, and the variability of the link conditions, distributed network protocols are necessary in order to make a reliable network out of the collection of unreliable links. Mobile, multiple-hop packet radio networks must route packets through several radios in order to deliver packets to their destinations. Least resistance routing (LRR) is specifically designed for routing packets in a tactical packet radio network. A unique feature of LRR is that it incorporates side information into the routing protocol for the purpose of detecting the presence of interference. The routing tables are adjusted to avoid particular radios and regions of the network that are subjected to high levels of partial-band or multiple-access interference. A simulation of a frequency hopping packet radio network using the SINCGARS radio is utilized to examine the performance of LRR in a realistic tactical environment. The model of the SINCGARS radio allows for greater detail in accounting for mobile partial-band jamming and FH multiple-access interference than has been possible in previous investigations. Both link and transport layer acknowledgments along with retransmission of dropped packets are modeled. The performance of LRR is compared to a conventional shortest path routing algorithm. LRR algorithms using both node and link resistance measures are investigated as well as a number of different routing metrics. Networks with both static and mobile user topologies are simulated.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122806479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced waveforms such as SINCGARS, JAGUAR, HAVE QUICK, TADIRAN, PR4G and SATURN were designed to provide state-of-the-art ECCM performance while providing a link reliable enough for voiced communications. As computerization proliferates in the battlefield, voiced communication frequently must be replaced with data communication. When these tactical communications links developed for voiced communications are used for data communications, error rates on critical links may be too high to allow successful data communications. This problem is most challenging when several co-sited nets must be maintained simultaneously. Systematic performance enhancements may be entertained which improve co-site node performance through advanced component technology. This potential enhancement is bounded by computing the residual bit error rate due to waveform limitations when the components used are assumed to be ideal. This paper evaluates residual bit error rate bounds for several classes of systems.
{"title":"Data error performance bounds for co-sited advanced waveforms","authors":"J. Young, L. A. McMillan","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561107","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced waveforms such as SINCGARS, JAGUAR, HAVE QUICK, TADIRAN, PR4G and SATURN were designed to provide state-of-the-art ECCM performance while providing a link reliable enough for voiced communications. As computerization proliferates in the battlefield, voiced communication frequently must be replaced with data communication. When these tactical communications links developed for voiced communications are used for data communications, error rates on critical links may be too high to allow successful data communications. This problem is most challenging when several co-sited nets must be maintained simultaneously. Systematic performance enhancements may be entertained which improve co-site node performance through advanced component technology. This potential enhancement is bounded by computing the residual bit error rate due to waveform limitations when the components used are assumed to be ideal. This paper evaluates residual bit error rate bounds for several classes of systems.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134152849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider the stochastic model of an F8 aircraft linearized about some flight condition. The process and observation noise vectors are assumed to be zero mean white Gaussian processes of appropriate intensities. After sampling the system with an allowable sampling period, the dynamics of the aircraft and the observation vector are expressed in the sampled-data form. Our goal is to optimally estimate the states of the aircraft by means of minimizing the mean squared error on the basis of the observed output. Although the optimal solution to the problem can be furnished by a standard Kalman filter, the implementation of this solution requires an estimator which incorporates a full order Riccati equation. Unfortunately, due to the speed and memory limitations of the flight computer, this solution is not practically feasible. Therefore, any reduction in the size of computation is highly desirable if the Kalman filter solution is to be implemented in real time. Moreover, the standard Kalman filter solution is ill-conditioned since the magnitude of the noise covariance matrices are inversely proportional to the small sampling period, making the magnitude of the covariance matrices relatively large compared to those of the system matrices. Consequently, serious numerical difficulties are expected if the filter gain coefficients are to be computed on the basis of the full order Riccati equation. We propose a technique which alleviates both the high dimensionality and the ill-conditioning associated with the problem. Our approach is based on the singular perturbation results.
{"title":"Two time scale discrete Kalman filter design for an F-8 aircraft","authors":"H. Oloomi, C. Pomalaza-ráez","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561124","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the stochastic model of an F8 aircraft linearized about some flight condition. The process and observation noise vectors are assumed to be zero mean white Gaussian processes of appropriate intensities. After sampling the system with an allowable sampling period, the dynamics of the aircraft and the observation vector are expressed in the sampled-data form. Our goal is to optimally estimate the states of the aircraft by means of minimizing the mean squared error on the basis of the observed output. Although the optimal solution to the problem can be furnished by a standard Kalman filter, the implementation of this solution requires an estimator which incorporates a full order Riccati equation. Unfortunately, due to the speed and memory limitations of the flight computer, this solution is not practically feasible. Therefore, any reduction in the size of computation is highly desirable if the Kalman filter solution is to be implemented in real time. Moreover, the standard Kalman filter solution is ill-conditioned since the magnitude of the noise covariance matrices are inversely proportional to the small sampling period, making the magnitude of the covariance matrices relatively large compared to those of the system matrices. Consequently, serious numerical difficulties are expected if the filter gain coefficients are to be computed on the basis of the full order Riccati equation. We propose a technique which alleviates both the high dimensionality and the ill-conditioning associated with the problem. Our approach is based on the singular perturbation results.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115868733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the results and applications of the miniaturization work performed on an analog multiband architecture. The architecture and circuit design of this radio is similar to the AN/PSC-5 Multiband SATCOM radio. The main question to be answered during this effort was what is the effect on performance to an existing proven design when miniaturized, commercial components and manufacturing technology were applied to a high performance military radio? The second issue was in what applications or scenarios will a multiband hand held radio perform better than existing single band radios. The design goals were to develop a rugged hand held radio for tactical use that was interoperable with most other UHF and VHF point to point analog voice radios and meet the performance levels expected by the military.
{"title":"Multi-band multimode hand held radio: can performance requirements be met using commercial miniaturized components and manufacturing technologies","authors":"C.A. Geswein","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561101","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results and applications of the miniaturization work performed on an analog multiband architecture. The architecture and circuit design of this radio is similar to the AN/PSC-5 Multiband SATCOM radio. The main question to be answered during this effort was what is the effect on performance to an existing proven design when miniaturized, commercial components and manufacturing technology were applied to a high performance military radio? The second issue was in what applications or scenarios will a multiband hand held radio perform better than existing single band radios. The design goals were to develop a rugged hand held radio for tactical use that was interoperable with most other UHF and VHF point to point analog voice radios and meet the performance levels expected by the military.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125835161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The SINCGARS Internet controller (INC) is a packet data capability that is being added to the production deliveries of the SINCGARS System Improvement Program (SIP) radio assemblies. From the prototypes developed in 1993, the INC has evolved to a highly functional router/gateway for the tactical Internet, becoming the heart of the digitized battlefield. Using the SINCGARS Combat Net Radio to support data communications in a mixed voice and data environment was made possible by advances in the SINCGARS radio to improve data reliability and channel access control. Extending the basic data capabilities through distributed switching functionality creates a richly connected packet data network for the entire tactical battlefield.
{"title":"SINCGARS Internet controller-heart of the digitized battlefield","authors":"R. Schulman, R. Snyder, L. Williams","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561111","url":null,"abstract":"The SINCGARS Internet controller (INC) is a packet data capability that is being added to the production deliveries of the SINCGARS System Improvement Program (SIP) radio assemblies. From the prototypes developed in 1993, the INC has evolved to a highly functional router/gateway for the tactical Internet, becoming the heart of the digitized battlefield. Using the SINCGARS Combat Net Radio to support data communications in a mixed voice and data environment was made possible by advances in the SINCGARS radio to improve data reliability and channel access control. Extending the basic data capabilities through distributed switching functionality creates a richly connected packet data network for the entire tactical battlefield.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128289130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The digitized battlefield demands communications without boundaries, yet secure communications impose boundaries by key distribution, frequency interference, organizations, and functional areas. The solution to this dilemma requires a communications plan that works! Creating and maintaining a tactical communications plan is a complex task. The communications planner must organize the networks and net membership, distribute frequencies, IDs, callsigns, keying material, track distribution, and create communications-electronics operating instructions (CEOI). To complicate the planning procedure, the battlefield is a very dynamic environment. This requires that tactical communications, and thus, the communications plan be adaptable to ever-changing conditions. Timely, accurate, and traceable distribution is also needed. An automated tool is needed to keep up with these demands. The automated system must be fast, portable, scaleable, and easy to use. It must be modular and easy to expand (e.g., new equipment type, additional analysis and/or functionality). To build an automated tool, you must first understand the procedures and problems of the manual method. You may then use this information to create a tool to help automate the procedures and to solve the problems. ITT developed the communications management system (CMS) in response to the need for an automated communications planning tool. The CMS system consists of one or more PCs, printers, software, and associated cables.
{"title":"Automating the communications planning process","authors":"C. L. Shirey","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561104","url":null,"abstract":"The digitized battlefield demands communications without boundaries, yet secure communications impose boundaries by key distribution, frequency interference, organizations, and functional areas. The solution to this dilemma requires a communications plan that works! Creating and maintaining a tactical communications plan is a complex task. The communications planner must organize the networks and net membership, distribute frequencies, IDs, callsigns, keying material, track distribution, and create communications-electronics operating instructions (CEOI). To complicate the planning procedure, the battlefield is a very dynamic environment. This requires that tactical communications, and thus, the communications plan be adaptable to ever-changing conditions. Timely, accurate, and traceable distribution is also needed. An automated tool is needed to keep up with these demands. The automated system must be fast, portable, scaleable, and easy to use. It must be modular and easy to expand (e.g., new equipment type, additional analysis and/or functionality). To build an automated tool, you must first understand the procedures and problems of the manual method. You may then use this information to create a tool to help automate the procedures and to solve the problems. ITT developed the communications management system (CMS) in response to the need for an automated communications planning tool. The CMS system consists of one or more PCs, printers, software, and associated cables.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130472471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the results of a computer simulation analysis of an RF signal detection system. The functions of the RF receiver are to monitor the RF spectrum, detect the presence of RF pulse signals, and to generate an output pulse signal. The output signal is used to measure the threshold stability and the pulse width of the detected signals. The receiver was modeled as a complex baseband system using the Signal Processing WorkSystem (SPW). The analysis was performed to (1) predict the system performance of an ideal detection system; (2) verify results obtained with a prototype engineering model; and (3) to evaluate design modifications proposed to improve the accuracy of the output signal generation. The analysis results indicate that the simulation model provides an accurate representation of the receiver. The simulation results differ from analytic results by less than 0.05 dB. The simulation results predict the ideal receiver operating characteristic (ROC) should be 0.8 dB more sensitive than the prototype engineering model. The simulation results predict a threshold stability accuracy that is less than 2 nsec different than the prototype engineering model results. Finally, the simulation results predict that the proposed design changes would enhance the pulse generation accuracy. This result was confirmed by modifying the prototype engineering model.
{"title":"An SPW computer simulation analysis of an RF signal detection system","authors":"T. Dempsey, M. Brooker","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561097","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a computer simulation analysis of an RF signal detection system. The functions of the RF receiver are to monitor the RF spectrum, detect the presence of RF pulse signals, and to generate an output pulse signal. The output signal is used to measure the threshold stability and the pulse width of the detected signals. The receiver was modeled as a complex baseband system using the Signal Processing WorkSystem (SPW). The analysis was performed to (1) predict the system performance of an ideal detection system; (2) verify results obtained with a prototype engineering model; and (3) to evaluate design modifications proposed to improve the accuracy of the output signal generation. The analysis results indicate that the simulation model provides an accurate representation of the receiver. The simulation results differ from analytic results by less than 0.05 dB. The simulation results predict the ideal receiver operating characteristic (ROC) should be 0.8 dB more sensitive than the prototype engineering model. The simulation results predict a threshold stability accuracy that is less than 2 nsec different than the prototype engineering model results. Finally, the simulation results predict that the proposed design changes would enhance the pulse generation accuracy. This result was confirmed by modifying the prototype engineering model.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116023939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interested in wireless/fiberless RF communications? How about up to 155 Mbit/s? This paper covers the use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)/non-developmental (NDI) equipment for military and civilian situations. For this case, we are talking about a terrestrial line-of-sight (LOS) microwave system operating in the 7-8 GHz band at standardized data rates: DS-1/E-1 (1.544/2.048 Mbit/s); DS-3 (44.736 Mbit/s); and STM-1/OC-3c (140/155.52 Mbit/s). This is a transportable communications system for data, fax, image, and full-motion video. This is an in-house effort within the Command, Control, Communications Directorate (C3) of Rome Laboratory (RL) to demonstrate the use of high data rate, communication equipment to provide electrical or optical connectivity for multimedia applications. This effort is called the multimedia wireless extension.
{"title":"A multimedia RF extension for law enforcement, medical, utility, educational, military uses","authors":"N. Robinson","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561106","url":null,"abstract":"Interested in wireless/fiberless RF communications? How about up to 155 Mbit/s? This paper covers the use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)/non-developmental (NDI) equipment for military and civilian situations. For this case, we are talking about a terrestrial line-of-sight (LOS) microwave system operating in the 7-8 GHz band at standardized data rates: DS-1/E-1 (1.544/2.048 Mbit/s); DS-3 (44.736 Mbit/s); and STM-1/OC-3c (140/155.52 Mbit/s). This is a transportable communications system for data, fax, image, and full-motion video. This is an in-house effort within the Command, Control, Communications Directorate (C3) of Rome Laboratory (RL) to demonstrate the use of high data rate, communication equipment to provide electrical or optical connectivity for multimedia applications. This effort is called the multimedia wireless extension.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120965008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we use the central limit theorem for martingale difference arrays (m.d.a.) to provide, to our best knowledge, the first rigorous proof that under very general conditions, the overall multiple access interference (MAI) across different symbol intervals tends to a jointly complex Gaussian random vector as both the number of chips N per symbol interval and the number of interferers K tend to infinity with K/N approaching a fixed ratio. The result covers most systems with general linear modulation and error control coding. It allows us to find the limiting exact error probabilities and to prove that the standard Gaussian approximation (SGA) gives asymptotically exact results. Thus, the use of the SGA is justified when both N and K are large. The availability of the limiting exact error probabilities also provides important insights into the design of DS/SSMA systems.
{"title":"Efficient approximations in DS/SSMA communication systems with general linear modulation and error control coding","authors":"T. Lok, J. Lehnert","doi":"10.1109/TCC.1996.561119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.1996.561119","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we use the central limit theorem for martingale difference arrays (m.d.a.) to provide, to our best knowledge, the first rigorous proof that under very general conditions, the overall multiple access interference (MAI) across different symbol intervals tends to a jointly complex Gaussian random vector as both the number of chips N per symbol interval and the number of interferers K tend to infinity with K/N approaching a fixed ratio. The result covers most systems with general linear modulation and error control coding. It allows us to find the limiting exact error probabilities and to prove that the standard Gaussian approximation (SGA) gives asymptotically exact results. Thus, the use of the SGA is justified when both N and K are large. The availability of the limiting exact error probabilities also provides important insights into the design of DS/SSMA systems.","PeriodicalId":398935,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1996 Tactical Communications Conference. Ensuring Joint Force Superiority in the Information Age","volume":"268 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121122669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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