Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00630
Y. Qiong, L. Hui, Zuo Qinyue, Qiu Lin, Chen Li, Luo Ke, Tu Shengbin
DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating the process of growth and development in eukaryotes.The purpose is to investigate the genome and methylation differences between diploid and tetraploid,explore the genetic differences and genomic DNA methylation level and pattern changes.The diploid and autotetraploid rices Gang 46B,Minghui63,R725,Chenghui149,Haitian and Shixiang were analyzed by SSR and MSAP technique.The results showed that most genomes of the autotetraploid and diploid rice were the same except some sites with three pair of primers preferably polymorphic and specific bands amplified in the different ploidy rice.The consequences of MSAP suggested that the total methylation ratio in autotetraploid rice(24.0%) was significantly less than the diploid rice(28.15%);The full methylation ratio and hemimethylation ratio were different between the autotetraploid and diploid rices.The averaged full methylation rate and hemimethylation rate were 6.24% and 22.03%,respectively for diploid rice,7.44% and 16.61% for autotetraploid rice.The degree of methylation did not increase due to polyploidy,indicating that diploid and tetraploid DNA methylation of the same species of rice changed.The pattern changes of the DNA methylation in the rice of various ploidy was further analyzed,which showed that demethylation occurred in autotetraploid rice on an average of about 11.6% sites,methylations on about 24.11% sites,and the proportion of genes with methylation significantly higher than that with demethylation.The methylation of some functional genes could induce gene silencing to ease the impact of genome doubling dose effect.
{"title":"Analysis of Genetic Variation and DNA Methylation Alteration in Autotetraploid and Diploid Rice","authors":"Y. Qiong, L. Hui, Zuo Qinyue, Qiu Lin, Chen Li, Luo Ke, Tu Shengbin","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00630","url":null,"abstract":"DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating the process of growth and development in eukaryotes.The purpose is to investigate the genome and methylation differences between diploid and tetraploid,explore the genetic differences and genomic DNA methylation level and pattern changes.The diploid and autotetraploid rices Gang 46B,Minghui63,R725,Chenghui149,Haitian and Shixiang were analyzed by SSR and MSAP technique.The results showed that most genomes of the autotetraploid and diploid rice were the same except some sites with three pair of primers preferably polymorphic and specific bands amplified in the different ploidy rice.The consequences of MSAP suggested that the total methylation ratio in autotetraploid rice(24.0%) was significantly less than the diploid rice(28.15%);The full methylation ratio and hemimethylation ratio were different between the autotetraploid and diploid rices.The averaged full methylation rate and hemimethylation rate were 6.24% and 22.03%,respectively for diploid rice,7.44% and 16.61% for autotetraploid rice.The degree of methylation did not increase due to polyploidy,indicating that diploid and tetraploid DNA methylation of the same species of rice changed.The pattern changes of the DNA methylation in the rice of various ploidy was further analyzed,which showed that demethylation occurred in autotetraploid rice on an average of about 11.6% sites,methylations on about 24.11% sites,and the proportion of genes with methylation significantly higher than that with demethylation.The methylation of some functional genes could induce gene silencing to ease the impact of genome doubling dose effect.","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00694
H. Feng, Yongtao Li, Gan Zhang, Chunling Luo
{"title":"Metal Biosorption by Cochliobolus lunatus with High Cadmium Resistance: Metal Biosorption by Cochliobolus lunatus with High Cadmium Resistance","authors":"H. Feng, Yongtao Li, Gan Zhang, Chunling Luo","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00694","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00718
H. Dai, Huaijiang He, Xiu-hai Zhao, Chunyu Zhang, Jinsong Wang, Song Yang
{"title":"Biomass Allocation Patterns and Allometric Models of Two Dominant Tree Species in Broad-leaved and Korean Pine Mixed Forest: Biomass Allocation Patterns and Allometric Models of Two Dominant Tree Species in Broad-leaved and Korean Pine Mixed Forest","authors":"H. Dai, Huaijiang He, Xiu-hai Zhao, Chunyu Zhang, Jinsong Wang, Song Yang","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69812435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00593
J. Lai, Congde Huang, T. Hu, Wunian Yang
{"title":"Aboveground Carbon Storage and Its Spatial Distribution in the Subalpine Forest of Daofu County Based on Remote Sensing Model: Aboveground Carbon Storage and Its Spatial Distribution in the Subalpine Forest of Daofu County Based on Remote Sensing Model","authors":"J. Lai, Congde Huang, T. Hu, Wunian Yang","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69810777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00575
Xuni Li, Cunyu Zhou, Chunyuan Tian, J. Ruan, Y. Fei, Dongru Qiu
The poly-γ-glutamic acids (γ-PGA), a group of biocompatible, biodegradable and soluble macromolecular biopolymers of multiple uses in food, cosmetics, medicine and environmental protection, are synthesized by Bacillus species and a few other Gram-positive bacteria. PGA is also the main component of capsules of certain bacteria such as B. anthracis. The PGA synthetase complex is cytomembrane-associated and encoded by the gene cluster of pgsBCAE in B. subtilis and capBCAE in B. anthracis, respectively. In B. subtilis, the transcription of pgsBCAE and biosynthesis of PGA are regulated by the quorum sensing systems and other regulators which form a complex regulatory network. The cellular processes of PGA biosynthesis, natural competence, synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites, sporulation, and swarming are interconnected and together play a central role in the bacterial adaptation to environmental changes and survival. This review introduced the progress in the study of PGA biosynthesis and relevant signal transduction and regulatory pathways, focusing on the cellular functions of two small regulatory polypeptides, DegQ and SwrA. The two small peptides mediate the interactions between the quorum sensing systems and the DegS-DegU two-component system, which directly controls the biosynthesis of PGA. Some insights are provided for the applications such as development of high yield strains and fermentation strategies for PGA production. Fig 3, Ref 48
{"title":"The Biosynthesis of Poly-γ-glutamic Acids and Relevant Regulatory Networks in Bacillus subtilis: The Biosynthesis of Poly-γ-glutamic Acids and Relevant Regulatory Networks in Bacillus subtilis","authors":"Xuni Li, Cunyu Zhou, Chunyuan Tian, J. Ruan, Y. Fei, Dongru Qiu","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00575","url":null,"abstract":"The poly-γ-glutamic acids (γ-PGA), a group of biocompatible, biodegradable and soluble macromolecular biopolymers of multiple uses in food, cosmetics, medicine and environmental protection, are synthesized by Bacillus species and a few other Gram-positive bacteria. PGA is also the main component of capsules of certain bacteria such as B. anthracis. The PGA synthetase complex is cytomembrane-associated and encoded by the gene cluster of pgsBCAE in B. subtilis and capBCAE in B. anthracis, respectively. In B. subtilis, the transcription of pgsBCAE and biosynthesis of PGA are regulated by the quorum sensing systems and other regulators which form a complex regulatory network. The cellular processes of PGA biosynthesis, natural competence, synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites, sporulation, and swarming are interconnected and together play a central role in the bacterial adaptation to environmental changes and survival. This review introduced the progress in the study of PGA biosynthesis and relevant signal transduction and regulatory pathways, focusing on the cellular functions of two small regulatory polypeptides, DegQ and SwrA. The two small peptides mediate the interactions between the quorum sensing systems and the DegS-DegU two-component system, which directly controls the biosynthesis of PGA. Some insights are provided for the applications such as development of high yield strains and fermentation strategies for PGA production. Fig 3, Ref 48","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00605
Yiqiu Guo, Xiuhua Fan, Jinsong Wang, Guanyi Jin
{"title":"Responses of Soil Microbial Biomass to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition in PinustabulaeformisForests in the Taiyue Mountain of China: Responses of Soil Microbial Biomass to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition in PinustabulaeformisForests in the Taiyue Mountain of China","authors":"Yiqiu Guo, Xiuhua Fan, Jinsong Wang, Guanyi Jin","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00605","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00611
Li Jiliang, Cao Jing, Zhang Xiaoyang, Li Shijie, Pan Chunlin
Long-term human disturbance in the secondary forest ecosystem would have profound impacts on belowground ecological processes,whereas the community structure and functional diversity of soil fauna would be sensitive to the changes of belowground ecological processes,thus being an indicator of the changes.In this study,the method of hand-sorting was adopted to investigate the density of the soil macrofaunal community across three forest types of 10-year-old,20-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer(Larix kaempferi) plantation in the western Qinling Mountains.PCA and one-way ANOVA analysis were applied to analyze the community structure and trophic group composition of soil macrofauna in different developmental stages of Japanese conifer plantations.Our results demonstrated that the density of the soil macrofauna community in the 10-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 20-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantations,and the density of the soil macrofauna community in the 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 20-year-old Japanese conifer plantation.However,the diversity index and evenness index in the 20-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 10-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantations.We also found a similar pattern in the abundance and group richness of ‘detritivores+ominivores' in different developmental stages of Japanese conifer plantations.There were significant changes of Diplopoda,Carabidae,Diptera larvae and Formicidae across the three development stages of Japanese conifer plantation,which can be used as indicators of the change in soil environments.
{"title":"Community Structure of Soil Macrofauna of Larix kaempferi Plantation in Western Qinling Mountains","authors":"Li Jiliang, Cao Jing, Zhang Xiaoyang, Li Shijie, Pan Chunlin","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00611","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term human disturbance in the secondary forest ecosystem would have profound impacts on belowground ecological processes,whereas the community structure and functional diversity of soil fauna would be sensitive to the changes of belowground ecological processes,thus being an indicator of the changes.In this study,the method of hand-sorting was adopted to investigate the density of the soil macrofaunal community across three forest types of 10-year-old,20-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer(Larix kaempferi) plantation in the western Qinling Mountains.PCA and one-way ANOVA analysis were applied to analyze the community structure and trophic group composition of soil macrofauna in different developmental stages of Japanese conifer plantations.Our results demonstrated that the density of the soil macrofauna community in the 10-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 20-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantations,and the density of the soil macrofauna community in the 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 20-year-old Japanese conifer plantation.However,the diversity index and evenness index in the 20-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 10-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantations.We also found a similar pattern in the abundance and group richness of ‘detritivores+ominivores' in different developmental stages of Japanese conifer plantations.There were significant changes of Diplopoda,Carabidae,Diptera larvae and Formicidae across the three development stages of Japanese conifer plantation,which can be used as indicators of the change in soil environments.","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00670
Fei Wang, P. Fu, Xiu-Zhi Ma, Wei-xin Jing, Lan Wang
{"title":"Distribution of Organochlorine Pesticides along the Qinhe River and Its Risk Evaluation: Distribution of Organochlorine Pesticides along the Qinhe River and Its Risk Evaluation","authors":"Fei Wang, P. Fu, Xiu-Zhi Ma, Wei-xin Jing, Lan Wang","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00670","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00688
Maoxia Chen, Huan Wang, Houzhen Zhou, Yang Li, Zhouliang Tan, Xudong Li
{"title":"Screening and Characteristic Research of Heterotrophic Nitrification-Aerobic Denitrification Strain HN-02: Screening and Characteristic Research of Heterotrophic Nitrification-Aerobic Denitrification Strain HN-02","authors":"Maoxia Chen, Huan Wang, Houzhen Zhou, Yang Li, Zhouliang Tan, Xudong Li","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00688","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00650
Hai-lin Ma, S. Xing, FangChun Liu, Bo Chen, Yanqin Ding, Yao Liang-tong, B. Du
{"title":"Screening and Identification of Three Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria: Screening and Identification of Three Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria","authors":"Hai-lin Ma, S. Xing, FangChun Liu, Bo Chen, Yanqin Ding, Yao Liang-tong, B. Du","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00650","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39895,"journal":{"name":"应用与环境生物学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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