Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch010
Fariza Hashim, Nadisah Zakaria, A. A. Abu Bakar, Kamilah Kamaludin
Several strategies are adopted by investors in lowering the risk of investment while maximising its return. Graham's stock selection criteria are noted as one of the best strategies in selecting portfolios by investors. Although the model is universally accepted, it is less commonly practised and examined in emerging markets. Considering the growth of these emerging countries' financial markets, it is worthwhile to investigate the doctrine's effect on investment in these countries. This study endeavours to review the consequence of Graham's stock selection criteria on portfolio returns in the Malaysian and Saudi Arabian stock markets. Each country represents the fastest growing market in their region which justifies this study. The study found that the Malaysian stock market is capable of proffering abnormal returns to investors while the Saudi stock market is capable to offer abnormal returns to investors despite being an undeveloped and immature stock market. The study concludes that the model of stock selection remains beneficial and indeed valuable to regional investments.
{"title":"Portfolio Investment in Malaysia and Saudi Arabia","authors":"Fariza Hashim, Nadisah Zakaria, A. A. Abu Bakar, Kamilah Kamaludin","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch010","url":null,"abstract":"Several strategies are adopted by investors in lowering the risk of investment while maximising its return. Graham's stock selection criteria are noted as one of the best strategies in selecting portfolios by investors. Although the model is universally accepted, it is less commonly practised and examined in emerging markets. Considering the growth of these emerging countries' financial markets, it is worthwhile to investigate the doctrine's effect on investment in these countries. This study endeavours to review the consequence of Graham's stock selection criteria on portfolio returns in the Malaysian and Saudi Arabian stock markets. Each country represents the fastest growing market in their region which justifies this study. The study found that the Malaysian stock market is capable of proffering abnormal returns to investors while the Saudi stock market is capable to offer abnormal returns to investors despite being an undeveloped and immature stock market. The study concludes that the model of stock selection remains beneficial and indeed valuable to regional investments.","PeriodicalId":399064,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cross-Border Trade and Business","volume":"23 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123477911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch018
S. Latif, N. Ismail, Murodjon Matniyozov, M. F. Ramli
The study's two primary goals are to determine the main travel motives of Malaysian backpackers and to examine the variations in travel motivations across three categories of backpackers: first-time, repeat, and serial. The results were collected using a self-administered online survey adopting a convenience sample technique. The non-normally distributed data were examined using exploratory factor analysis, median score assessment, and Kruskal-Wallis H tests on a sample of 249. Stimulation is the most crucial factor motivating backpackers, while recognition is the least important. The study also found that backpackers' motivation varied with travel experience. Due to limited research on Asian motivational travel determinants, notably among Malaysian backpackers, this study's motivational features are drawn from other countries. Future research should focus on non-Western motivators impacting backpackers. There is a need for more research on Asian tourism, notably Malaysian backpackers at various stages of their travel careers.
{"title":"Travel Motivations and Travel Careers of Malaysian Backpackers","authors":"S. Latif, N. Ismail, Murodjon Matniyozov, M. F. Ramli","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch018","url":null,"abstract":"The study's two primary goals are to determine the main travel motives of Malaysian backpackers and to examine the variations in travel motivations across three categories of backpackers: first-time, repeat, and serial. The results were collected using a self-administered online survey adopting a convenience sample technique. The non-normally distributed data were examined using exploratory factor analysis, median score assessment, and Kruskal-Wallis H tests on a sample of 249. Stimulation is the most crucial factor motivating backpackers, while recognition is the least important. The study also found that backpackers' motivation varied with travel experience. Due to limited research on Asian motivational travel determinants, notably among Malaysian backpackers, this study's motivational features are drawn from other countries. Future research should focus on non-Western motivators impacting backpackers. There is a need for more research on Asian tourism, notably Malaysian backpackers at various stages of their travel careers.","PeriodicalId":399064,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cross-Border Trade and Business","volume":"417 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129862413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch011
M. Can, Ahmet Canlı
In ITFs, participating companies introduce their products to potential buyers, perceive their reactions, communicate face-to-face with them, and closely observe their competitors. Moreover, there are other benefits of ITFs such as export and market share increase effect, problem-solving effect with the costumers, so it is one of the critical tasks of commercial diplomacy. The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 affected the exhibition sector. So the number of fairs held in Dubai decreased dramatically compared to the previous years and also the number of participators and visitors in the fairs, including Turkish companies. Nevertheless, fair activities have adapted quickly and started to be organized in the virtual world. This study examined the literature and analyzed the Dubai exhibitions' statistics thoroughly both before and after COVID-19. The authors' goal is to find out if physical exhibitions maintain their importance despite technological developments.
{"title":"International Trade Fairs and Initial Impacts of COVID-19 on International Fairs","authors":"M. Can, Ahmet Canlı","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"In ITFs, participating companies introduce their products to potential buyers, perceive their reactions, communicate face-to-face with them, and closely observe their competitors. Moreover, there are other benefits of ITFs such as export and market share increase effect, problem-solving effect with the costumers, so it is one of the critical tasks of commercial diplomacy. The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 affected the exhibition sector. So the number of fairs held in Dubai decreased dramatically compared to the previous years and also the number of participators and visitors in the fairs, including Turkish companies. Nevertheless, fair activities have adapted quickly and started to be organized in the virtual world. This study examined the literature and analyzed the Dubai exhibitions' statistics thoroughly both before and after COVID-19. The authors' goal is to find out if physical exhibitions maintain their importance despite technological developments.","PeriodicalId":399064,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cross-Border Trade and Business","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122197651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch009
Yu Poshan, Jiaying He, M. Sampat
The large-scale health crisis caused by COVID-19 that appeared in late 2019 has undoubtedly had a huge influence on the global economy. This chapter takes the interruption of international trade in the context of epidemics as the main research subject, using the change in Sino-Brazilian trade as a case study. From the international management perspective, this chapter will investigate how this epidemic affects Sino-Brazilian cross-border trade and business practices. The interlinked relationship between both countries' cross-border trade will be examined. Recommendations will be provided for further enhancing both countries' economic growth and trade practices.
{"title":"Sustainability Analysis of Sino-Brazilian Bilateral Trade","authors":"Yu Poshan, Jiaying He, M. Sampat","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch009","url":null,"abstract":"The large-scale health crisis caused by COVID-19 that appeared in late 2019 has undoubtedly had a huge influence on the global economy. This chapter takes the interruption of international trade in the context of epidemics as the main research subject, using the change in Sino-Brazilian trade as a case study. From the international management perspective, this chapter will investigate how this epidemic affects Sino-Brazilian cross-border trade and business practices. The interlinked relationship between both countries' cross-border trade will be examined. Recommendations will be provided for further enhancing both countries' economic growth and trade practices.","PeriodicalId":399064,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cross-Border Trade and Business","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127010543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch007
Tamma Elhachemi
Studies on the establishment of international joint ventures (IJVs) in open-oriented markets as a vehicle for knowledge acquisition have been increasing of late. Drawing on the transaction cost economics theory and the knowledge-based view, the chapter examines the impact of absorptive capacity, transfer mechanisms, knowledge management practices, and environmental uncertainty on knowledge acquisition of IJVs from foreign partners. Further, the author examines IJV innovativeness as a consequence of knowledge acquisition. The author tested the model with data from 122 IJVs in Algeria. By analyzing the data using SPSSv25 and smart PLS 3.0, the findings show that absorptive capacity and transfer mechanisms are positively and significantly related to knowledge acquisition of the IJVs. However, knowledge management practices and environmental uncertainty are not significant. In addition, the relationship between IJV knowledge acquisition and innovativeness is significant.
{"title":"Antecedents and Consequences of International Joint Venture Knowledge Acquisition","authors":"Tamma Elhachemi","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch007","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on the establishment of international joint ventures (IJVs) in open-oriented markets as a vehicle for knowledge acquisition have been increasing of late. Drawing on the transaction cost economics theory and the knowledge-based view, the chapter examines the impact of absorptive capacity, transfer mechanisms, knowledge management practices, and environmental uncertainty on knowledge acquisition of IJVs from foreign partners. Further, the author examines IJV innovativeness as a consequence of knowledge acquisition. The author tested the model with data from 122 IJVs in Algeria. By analyzing the data using SPSSv25 and smart PLS 3.0, the findings show that absorptive capacity and transfer mechanisms are positively and significantly related to knowledge acquisition of the IJVs. However, knowledge management practices and environmental uncertainty are not significant. In addition, the relationship between IJV knowledge acquisition and innovativeness is significant.","PeriodicalId":399064,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cross-Border Trade and Business","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121067167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch015
Areeba Shaikh, N. Zakaria
This chapter aims at understanding the cultural influence on female digital entrepreneurs in underdeveloped countries and the possible effects of cyberostracism by integrating the significance of culture and its influence on females providing a holistic view of how women with entrepreneurial desires experience challenges due to the identified existing gaps in underdeveloped countries. Besides sociocultural dynamics, education is a factor observed to be extremely impactful. Basic and digital literacy are considered essential to progress in conducting businesses across borders. From a digital perspective, “cyberostracism” is identified as a potential issue women could encounter due to lack of education. In this study, a comparative analysis on female digital entrepreneurs of the Asian and European region is conducted based on the view of a collectivistic and individualistic society concluded by providing a framework to minimize gaps and establish an environment for women to pursue digital entrepreneurship in their societies, mitigating the possible effects of cyberostracism.
{"title":"Exploring Cultural Factors Impacting Female Digital Entrepreneurs in Underdeveloped Countries","authors":"Areeba Shaikh, N. Zakaria","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims at understanding the cultural influence on female digital entrepreneurs in underdeveloped countries and the possible effects of cyberostracism by integrating the significance of culture and its influence on females providing a holistic view of how women with entrepreneurial desires experience challenges due to the identified existing gaps in underdeveloped countries. Besides sociocultural dynamics, education is a factor observed to be extremely impactful. Basic and digital literacy are considered essential to progress in conducting businesses across borders. From a digital perspective, “cyberostracism” is identified as a potential issue women could encounter due to lack of education. In this study, a comparative analysis on female digital entrepreneurs of the Asian and European region is conducted based on the view of a collectivistic and individualistic society concluded by providing a framework to minimize gaps and establish an environment for women to pursue digital entrepreneurship in their societies, mitigating the possible effects of cyberostracism.","PeriodicalId":399064,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cross-Border Trade and Business","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116797651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch017
M. Jasmi, Yudi Fernando, Rusdi Omar, M. S. Shaharudin
The maritime sector and shipping industry have been argued to be effective drivers of international trade. Internationalization has become a strategic business plan by entrepreneurs and industry players to expand the business, especially when their business was already established in the domestic market. However, current international laws began to be tightened by requiring each exporting and shipping firms to implement green sea transport practices and documentations. A limited number of empirical-based evidence has forced the maritime practitioners to conduct business without clear green concepts knowledge and availability of best business practices to be benchmarked. With this in mind, the aim of this chapter is to examine current issues, differences, and dilemmas confronting practitioners, governments, stakeholders, and scholars. This chapter has developed a green maritime supply chain concept based on practitioners' reflections and provides future direction to scholars interested in studying green logistics and supplying chain management in the maritime sector.
{"title":"Reflections and Future Directions for the Green Maritime Supply Chain in Malaysia","authors":"M. Jasmi, Yudi Fernando, Rusdi Omar, M. S. Shaharudin","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9071-3.ch017","url":null,"abstract":"The maritime sector and shipping industry have been argued to be effective drivers of international trade. Internationalization has become a strategic business plan by entrepreneurs and industry players to expand the business, especially when their business was already established in the domestic market. However, current international laws began to be tightened by requiring each exporting and shipping firms to implement green sea transport practices and documentations. A limited number of empirical-based evidence has forced the maritime practitioners to conduct business without clear green concepts knowledge and availability of best business practices to be benchmarked. With this in mind, the aim of this chapter is to examine current issues, differences, and dilemmas confronting practitioners, governments, stakeholders, and scholars. This chapter has developed a green maritime supply chain concept based on practitioners' reflections and provides future direction to scholars interested in studying green logistics and supplying chain management in the maritime sector.","PeriodicalId":399064,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cross-Border Trade and Business","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122482902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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