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International Journal of Ageing and Later Life最新文献

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“Who would take a 90-year-old?” Community-dwelling nonagenarians’ perceptions of social relationships “谁会娶一个90岁的老人?”社区居住的90多岁老人对社会关系的感知
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-24 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.18387
Katariina Tuominen, Jari Pirhonen
This article aims to deepen understanding of the informal social relationships of the oldest old by applying qualitative methods. It considers ideas of the fourth age, socioemotional selectivity theory, and gerotranscendence theory from the viewpoint of Finnish community-dwelling nonagenarians. Qualitative life-story interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Nonagenarians described the significance of social relationships but also social restrictions and loneliness. In addition, the interviewees described the company and help their social relationships provided, and the pleasant and unpleasant emotions they experienced in their existing and past relationships. Our findings indicate that social relationships can contribute to the ability of nonagenarians to live a good life in old age, and that nonagenarians’ successful aging is not necessarily related to voluntary disengagement from social relationships, as suggested by some theories. Rather, our findings indicate a pursuit of engagement with other people to be important for the good aging of the oldest old.
本文旨在运用定性方法加深对老年人非正式社会关系的理解。它从芬兰社区居住的九十岁老人的角度考虑了第四年龄,社会情感选择理论和年龄超越理论的观点。定性生活故事访谈采用定性内容分析法进行分析。90多岁的老人描述了社会关系的重要性,但也描述了社会限制和孤独。此外,受访者还描述了公司和帮助他们提供的社会关系,以及他们在现有和过去的关系中所经历的愉快和不愉快的情绪。我们的研究结果表明,社会关系有助于九十岁老人在老年生活得更好,九十岁老人的成功衰老并不一定与一些理论所认为的自愿脱离社会关系有关。相反,我们的研究结果表明,追求与他人的交往对老年人的良好晚年很重要。
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引用次数: 11
Negotiating informal elder care, migration and exclusion: the case of a Turkish immigrant community in Belgium 谈判非正式的老年护理、移民和排斥:以比利时土耳其移民社区为例
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-16 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.18404
W. Tavernier, V. Draulans
In this article, we analyse the role exclusion plays in three theories explaining the provision of informal care for the elderly: norms and roles (sociological institutionalism), the availability and accessibility of formal care (rational choice institutionalism) and concerns about balancing time and money (rational choice theory). Feeding into the discussion on agency in old-age exclusion literature, we argue that exclusion shapes informal care provision in all three theories: social exclusion enforces norms, civic exclusion hinders appropriate formal care provision and economic exclusion reduces the opportunity costs of informal care. Hence, exclusion structures positions and power relations in care negotiation processes. The study shows that exclusion should not only be analysed as an outcome but also as a force shaping the life conditions of older people. The argument is supported using data from qualitative interviews with stakeholders in informal elder care in a Turkish immigrant community in Belgium. Intersections of gender, generation and migration status are taken into account.
在本文中,我们分析了排斥在解释为老年人提供非正式护理的三种理论中所起的作用:规范和角色(社会制度主义)、正式护理的可用性和可及性(理性选择制度主义)和对时间和金钱平衡的关注(理性选择理论)。在老年排斥文献中关于代理的讨论中,我们认为,在所有三种理论中,排斥都塑造了非正式护理的提供:社会排斥强制规范,公民排斥阻碍适当的正式护理提供,经济排斥降低了非正规护理的机会成本。因此,排斥结构在护理协商过程中的地位和权力关系。研究表明,排斥不仅应作为一种结果进行分析,还应作为影响老年人生活条件的一种力量进行分析。这一论点得到了比利时土耳其移民社区非正式老年护理利益相关者定性访谈数据的支持。考虑到性别、世代和移民状况的交叉。
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引用次数: 14
Exploring teacher–student communication in senior-education contexts in Taiwan: A communication accommodation approach 台湾老年教育背景下的师生沟通探索:沟通协调方法
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-03 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.17369
Chin-hui Chen
This study investigated the language-accommodation strategies used by Taiwanese teachers when communicating with older adults in senior-education contexts. First, the interview phase identified various communication strategies and their underlying rationales; second, the survey phase verified the degree to which the identified communication strategies were used, as well as their associations with teachers’ age differences. The identified communication strategies were divided into four broad categories: secondary baby talk, mitigation of references to death or illness, politeness strategies and code selection (use of the dialect preferred by older students). The underlying considerations included older students’ perceived age-related physical or cognitive decrements, their social backgrounds and socio-psychological needs, as well as the teachers’ self-determined relational positioning or priority in the communication process. Young and middle-aged teachers were more likely to experience a deep-rooted conflict and power struggle arising from the fact that a teacher in Taiwan is traditionally endowed with greater power than his or her students, whereas younger people are expected to show respect to their elders. Hence, they frequently chose to address older students using forms that implied intergenerational relationships and to use code-switching to converge their own communication with their older students’ preferred dialects. Implications for older-adult education and possible directions for further research are discussed in the conclusion.
本研究旨在探讨台湾教师在高中教育情境下与年长成人沟通时所使用的语言适应策略。首先,面试阶段确定了各种沟通策略及其基本原理;其次,调查阶段验证了所确定的沟通策略的使用程度,以及它们与教师年龄差异的关联。已确定的交流策略分为四大类:次要的婴儿语,减少提及死亡或疾病,礼貌策略和代码选择(使用年龄较大的学生喜欢的方言)。潜在的考虑因素包括大龄学生感知到的与年龄相关的身体或认知衰退,他们的社会背景和社会心理需求,以及教师在沟通过程中自我确定的关系定位或优先级。青年和中年教师更容易经历根深蒂固的冲突和权力斗争,因为在台湾,教师传统上被赋予比学生更大的权力,而年轻人则被要求尊重长辈。因此,他们经常选择使用暗示代际关系的形式来称呼年长的学生,并使用语码转换将自己的交流与年长学生喜欢的方言融合在一起。结论部分对老年教育的启示和可能的进一步研究方向进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 5
Making ends meet in financial scarcity in old age 在经济匮乏的老年生活中维持生计
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-14 DOI: 10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.18391
Rikke Nøhr Brünner
The purpose of this paper is to explore qualitatively how older people (aged 69–85 years) living in relative poverty experience their daily life and how they make ends meet (N = 16). The empirical analysis shows that despite deprivations, the interviewees are mostly satisfied, and in order to analytically understand this satisfaction I draw on three individual and structural aspects: (1) The Danish welfare state ensures the interviewees’ basic ontological safety. (2) As the interviewees lived in financial scarcity during other phases of their lives, they are familiar with being thrifty, and they have a practical sense of making ends meet. (3) Although none of the interviewees had saved up for their retirement, some had saved up social capital, which enables them to modify or take a break from financial scarcity. Thus, although the interviewees’ financial capabilities are similar, their actual daily lives are very different from each other.
本文的目的是定性地探讨生活在相对贫困中的老年人(69-85岁)如何体验他们的日常生活以及他们如何维持生计(N = 16)。实证分析表明,尽管被剥夺,受访者大多是满意的,为了分析理解这种满意度,我借鉴了三个个体和结构方面:(1)丹麦的福利国家确保了受访者的基本本体安全。(2)由于受访者在其他人生阶段都处于经济匮乏的状态,因此他们对节俭很熟悉,并且有入不敷出的现实意识。(3)虽然受访者都没有为退休做过储蓄,但有些人已经积累了社会资本,这使他们能够改变或暂时摆脱经济短缺。因此,尽管受访者的经济能力相似,但他们的实际日常生活却截然不同。
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引用次数: 4
From environmental stress to spatial expulsion - rethinking concepts of socio-spatial exclusion in later life 从环境压力到空间排斥——对晚年社会空间排斥概念的再思考
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-14 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.18402
A. Wanka, T. Moulaert, M. Drilling
Gerontology has a longstanding tradition of researching the relationship between older adults and their socio-spatial environments. However, environmental gerontology often shares a positivistic understanding of space as either a “prosthetic” or a stressor and consequently searches for the “best fit” between a person and their environment. In this article, we argue for a stronger theoretical corpus on social and territorial exclusion in later life by exploring concepts from urban and environmental sociology, as well as examining the usefulness of these concepts for gerontological thinking. In doing so, we discuss trans-European research traditions beyond the hegemonic body of Anglo-Saxon literature. In conclusion, we discuss how gerontology and sociology might exchange ideas in order to build a stronger theoretical background on the relations between age, space and exclusion.
老年学研究老年人与其社会空间环境之间的关系有着悠久的传统。然而,环境老年病学通常将空间视为“假肢”或压力源,并因此寻找人与环境之间的“最佳匹配”。在这篇文章中,我们通过探索城市和环境社会学中的概念,以及考察这些概念对老年学思维的有用性,来为以后生活中的社会和领土排斥提供一个更强大的理论语料库。在这样做的过程中,我们讨论了超越盎格鲁撒克逊文学霸权的跨欧洲研究传统。最后,我们讨论了老年学和社会学如何交流思想,以便为年龄、空间和排斥之间的关系建立更强有力的理论背景。
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引用次数: 10
The welsh Welsh - Y Cymry cymreig: A study of cultural exclusion among ruraldwelling older people using a critical human ecological framework 威尔士-Y Cymry cymreig:使用关键的人类生态框架对农村老年人文化排斥的研究
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.18399
B. Winter, V. Burholt
Research on cultural exclusion has not kept apace with transformations to rural populations, economy, family structures and community relationships. Cultural exclusion refers to the extent to which people are able or willing to conform to cultural norms and values. We theorise cultural exclusion using the critical human ecological framework and social comparison theory, taking into account period effects, area effects and cohort and/or lifecourse effects. Qualitative case studies in three rural areas of South Wales (United Kingdom) synthesise data from life-history interviews, life-history calendars, documentary sources and focus groups (n = 56). Our findings suggest that cultural exclusion is an issue for rural-dwelling older people, which they describe by temporal self-comparison and group comparisons. The critical human ecological framework provides new insight into the drivers (industrial decline, policy and population change, a shift from collectivism to individualism), and outcomes (sense of belonging, community cohesion) of cultural exclusion experienced by rural-dwelling older people.
关于文化排斥的研究没有跟上农村人口、经济、家庭结构和社区关系的转变。文化排斥是指人们能够或愿意在多大程度上遵守文化规范和价值观。我们使用批判性的人类生态框架和社会比较理论,将文化排斥理论化,考虑到时期效应、地区效应、群体和/或生命周期效应。南威尔士(联合王国)三个农村地区的定性案例研究综合了生活史访谈、生活史日历、文献来源和焦点小组的数据(n=56)。我们的研究结果表明,文化排斥是农村老年人的一个问题,他们通过时间自我比较和群体比较来描述这一问题。关键的人类生态框架为农村老年人所经历的文化排斥的驱动因素(工业衰退、政策和人口变化、从集体主义到个人主义的转变)和结果(归属感、社区凝聚力)提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 4
Political participation and social exclusion in later life: What politically active seniors can teach us about barriers to inclusion and retention 晚年的政治参与和社会排斥:政治上活跃的老年人可以教给我们关于融入和保留的障碍
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.18395
Rodrigo Serrat, J. Warburton, Andrea Petriwskyj, Feliciano Villar
Addressing older people’s social exclusion is a major challenge for contemporary societies. However, policies designed to address it have tended to focus on poverty and unemployment. This paper explores the relationship between social exclusion and political participation from the perspective of those already holding responsible roles within seniors’ organisations. We aim to highlight the impact of later-life social exclusion in relation to politically active older individuals from two diverse socio-political contexts, Australia and Spain. Participants perceived a range of potential barriers for the inclusion of new members and their own continued involvement. These related to practical and resource ssues, beliefs and attitudes towards participation, and organisational and contextual issues. Members’ views of retention of existing members as well as the recruitment of new members highlight the complexity associated with building the diversity and representativeness that organisations need if they are to represent seniors’ views in the policy process.
解决老年人的社会排斥问题是当代社会面临的一项重大挑战。然而,旨在解决这一问题的政策往往侧重于贫困和失业问题。本文从老年人组织中已经承担责任的人的角度探讨了社会排斥与政治参与之间的关系。我们旨在强调澳大利亚和西班牙这两个不同社会政治背景下,晚年社会排斥对政治活跃的老年人的影响。与会者认为,在吸收新成员和他们自己继续参与方面存在一系列潜在障碍。这些与实际和资源问题、对参与的信念和态度以及组织和背景问题有关。成员们对保留现有成员和招募新成员的看法突显了与建立多样性和代表性相关的复杂性,如果组织要在政策过程中代表老年人的观点,就需要这些多样性和多样性。
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引用次数: 16
Dementia in a regional hospital setting: contextual challenges and barriers to effective care 地区医院环境中的痴呆症:有效护理的背景挑战和障碍
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-08-13 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.17344
M. Annear, Peter Lucas
Dementia is a growing public health problem, which may be under-recognised and poorly managed in regional hospitals. With projections of increasing dementia among older adults in regional and rural areas, knowledge about dementia and capacity of professionals to provide best-evidence care is paramount. This research investigates the challenges of dementia care in a publicly funded regional hospital in Australia. The study elucidates prevalence of dementia-related admissions, costs of treatment, length of stay and capacity for dementia care. A mixed methodology was employed in this study, including analysis of hospital records (N = 2405), dementia knowledge surveys (n = 50) and semi-structured interviews with clinical staff (n = 13). Hospital records showed that dementia-related admissions were lower than population prevalence reported in regional Australia. Dementia patients, however, attracted significantly higher treatment costs and greater length of stay than age-matched admissions who did not have a diagnosis of dementia. Clinicians reported several obstacles to effective dementia care, including staff knowledge deficits, environmental challenges, resource constraints and organisational factors.
痴呆症是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题,地区医院可能对其认识不足,管理不善。随着预测地区和农村地区老年人痴呆症的增加,有关痴呆症的知识和专业人员提供最佳证据护理的能力至关重要。这项研究调查了澳大利亚一家公共资助的地区医院痴呆症护理面临的挑战。该研究阐明了与痴呆症相关的入院率、治疗费用、住院时间和痴呆症护理能力。本研究采用了混合方法,包括分析医院记录(N=2405)、痴呆症知识调查(N=50)和对临床工作人员的半结构化访谈(N=13)。医院记录显示,与痴呆症相关的入院人数低于澳大利亚地区报告的人口流行率。然而,与未被诊断为痴呆症的年龄匹配入院患者相比,痴呆症患者的治疗费用和住院时间明显更高。临床医生报告了有效痴呆症护理的几个障碍,包括工作人员知识不足、环境挑战、资源限制和组织因素。
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引用次数: 3
Men and older persons also care, but how much? Assessing amounts of caregiving in Spain and Sweden 男性和老年人也会在意,但在意多少呢?评估西班牙和瑞典的看护数量
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-08-13 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.17356
G. Sundström, M. Jegermalm, A. Abellán, A. Ayala, Julio Pérez, R. Pujol, Javier Souto
We estimate how much caregiving men and women respectively do, and how much of the caregiving is done by older (65+) and younger persons, inside their household and for other households, in Spain and in Sweden. To assess this, we use self-reported hours of caregiving from two national surveys about caregiving, performed in 2014 (Spain, N = 2003; Sweden, N = 1193). Spain and Sweden have dissimilar household structures, and different social services for older (65+) persons. Caregivers, on average, provide many more hours of care in Spain than in Sweden. Women provide about 58% of all hours of caregiving, in Spain in all age groups, in Sweden only among younger caregivers. The reason is the dominance of partner caregivers among older Swedes, with older men and women providing equal hours of care. Family caregiving inside the household is more extensive in the more complex Spanish households than in Swedish households. Family care between households prevails in Sweden, where the large majority of older persons live with a partner only, or alone. This is increasingly common in Spain, although it remains at a lower level. We estimate that older persons provide between 22% and 33% of all hours of caregiving in Spain, and between 41% and 49% in Sweden. Patterns of caregiving appear to be determined mainly by demography and household structure.
我们估计了在西班牙和瑞典,男性和女性分别做了多少护理工作,以及老年人(65岁以上)和年轻人在其家庭和其他家庭中做了多少护理工作。为了评估这一点,我们使用了2014年进行的两次全国护理调查(西班牙,N = 2003;瑞典,N = 1193)。西班牙和瑞典的家庭结构不同,老年人(65岁以上)的社会服务也不同。在西班牙,护理人员平均提供的护理时间要比瑞典长得多。在西班牙,女性提供了58%的看护时间,在所有年龄组,在瑞典,只有年轻的看护人。原因是瑞典老年人中伴侣照顾者占主导地位,老年男性和老年女性提供相同的照顾时间。家庭内部的家庭照顾在更复杂的西班牙家庭中比在瑞典家庭中更为广泛。家庭之间的家庭照顾在瑞典很普遍,大多数老年人只与伴侣生活在一起,或独自生活。这在西班牙越来越普遍,尽管仍处于较低水平。我们估计,在西班牙,老年人提供了22%至33%的护理时间,在瑞典为41%至49%。照料模式似乎主要由人口和家庭结构决定。
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引用次数: 10
Torbjörn Bildtgård and Peter Öberg (2017). Intimacy and Ageing: New Relationships in Later Life. Bristol, UK: Policy Press, 212 pp. ISBN 978 1 4473 2649 6 (hardback) Torbjörn bildtg<s:1> rd and Peter Öberg(2017)。亲密与衰老:晚年生活中的新关系。布里斯托尔,英国:政策出版社,212页。ISBN 978 14473 2649 6(精装本)
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-08-13 DOI: 10.3384/IJAL.1652-8670.12_1B
D. Jandrić
Not Available.
不可用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Ageing and Later Life
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