Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.21608/jur.2020.33668.1007
Ahmed M. Abdulmughni, Waleed Alzamil, Abdullah M. Alabed
Riyadh is one of the major capital cities of the world, its urban fabric has been affected by rapid urbanization and population growth. Enormous urban expansion has had negative effects on the human dimension, as the streets became more devoted to transportation rather than an integrated urban space. The local municipalities in Riyadh have exerted efforts to restore the human dimension to streets by developing urban spaces and built environments. However, these efforts did not provide a strategy for creating livable streets, because they were built based on individual initiatives. This work aims to investigate the physical aspects of Riyadh streetscapes and define their influences on the livability and quality of spaces. This paper provides a descriptive analysis of two streets in Riyadh, Tahlia Street and Tabuk Street , which have been developed to make them pedestrian friendly. The research data were obtained through field surveys, interviews, and observations. Moreover, in-depth analyses of several government reports from The Royal Commission for Riyadh City and the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs were conducted. Results show that Tahlia Street has wide physical aspects compared to Tabuk Street, making the former more vital than the latter. However, both streets lack some street infrastructure to protect pedestrians from weather conditions. Finally, the paper proposes to develop the current conditions of the physical characteristics of street scenes in order to improve the quality of the streets in Riyadh and enhance the residents' quality of life.
{"title":"The Characteristics of Livable Streets: A Study of Physical Aspects of two streets in Riyadh","authors":"Ahmed M. Abdulmughni, Waleed Alzamil, Abdullah M. Alabed","doi":"10.21608/jur.2020.33668.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jur.2020.33668.1007","url":null,"abstract":"Riyadh is one of the major capital cities of the world, its urban fabric has been affected by rapid urbanization and population growth. Enormous urban expansion has had negative effects on the human dimension, as the streets became more devoted to transportation rather than an integrated urban space. The local municipalities in Riyadh have exerted efforts to restore the human dimension to streets by developing urban spaces and built environments. However, these efforts did not provide a strategy for creating livable streets, because they were built based on individual initiatives. This work aims to investigate the physical aspects of Riyadh streetscapes and define their influences on the livability and quality of spaces. This paper provides a descriptive analysis of two streets in Riyadh, Tahlia Street and Tabuk Street , which have been developed to make them pedestrian friendly. The research data were obtained through field surveys, interviews, and observations. Moreover, in-depth analyses of several government reports from The Royal Commission for Riyadh City and the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs were conducted. Results show that Tahlia Street has wide physical aspects compared to Tabuk Street, making the former more vital than the latter. However, both streets lack some street infrastructure to protect pedestrians from weather conditions. Finally, the paper proposes to develop the current conditions of the physical characteristics of street scenes in order to improve the quality of the streets in Riyadh and enhance the residents' quality of life.","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83540568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-30DOI: 10.21608/jur.2020.34986.1008
Ahmed Goma
{"title":"اعادة الصیاغة البصریة للمحاور الهامة لتحسین الصورة البصریة بالمدن السیاحیة التاریخیة دراسة حالة : (محور المطار بمدینة أسوان)","authors":"Ahmed Goma","doi":"10.21608/jur.2020.34986.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jur.2020.34986.1008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90143699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.21608/jur.2020.108643
يناقش هذا البحث إشکالية تصميم المباني الجديدة الواقعة ضمن سياق ذي قيمة تاريخية. على اعتبار أن خصوصيةالمحيط تفرض على هذه المواقع تعام ا ل خا ا صا على المستوى التصميمي، وتتطلب الالتزام بضوابط ومعايير معينة لضمانالحفاظ على الطابع التراثي المتجانس للسياق وحماية الروح المتفردة للمکان من أي تدخلت غير مدروسة يمکن أن تهددهأو تسبب تناف ا را بصرياا فيه أو تنتقص من قيمته ومميزاته. ويهدف البحث إلى استخلص الاستراتيجيات التصميميةالمناسبة التي يمکن انتهاجها في تلک المناطق. وقد اعتمد البحث على المنهج الاستقرائي من خلل تتبع آراء المنظرينوالباحثين السابقين في هذا الصدد، وکذلک النصوص المتعلقة بالموضوع في المواثيق والاتفاقيات الدولية وفي ضوابطبعض المدن التاريخية العالمية، لاستخلص القواعد المشترکة والمبادئ المتفق عليها وکذلک وجهات النظر المختلف فيها،وذلک للعتماد عليها في التحليل المقارن لطائفة مختارة من المشروعات العالمية المتنوعة المقامة داخل سياقات تاريخيةمختلفة، بغرض التوصل إلى تصنيف للستراتيجيات التصميمية المناسبة لتلک الأماکن، وتحديد الحالات الملئمةلاستعمالها وضوابط استخدامها.This research discusses the design approaches of new buildings constructed in historic districts. The new interventions in those places may threaten their distinguished characters if they were not carefully designed. Therefore, design within these sensitive contexts requires special criteria to ensure the protection of their visual consistency and urban advantages. The research aims at indicating the suitable design strategies for these places through both theoretical and analytical approaches. The theoretical approach tries to conclude the main principles of designing in those areas by studying the international charters related to this issue and the different opinions of urban theorists and researchers about it, as well as discussing the guidelines of some historic districts in America and Europe to derive the mutual concepts and basic standards of building in such districts. The analytical approach depends on these results to analyse selected projects built within various historic contexts and adopting different design approaches. A comparative analysis is performed to deduce a classification of the design strategies suitable for historic contexts as well as the guidelines and appropriate uses of each strategy.
{"title":"استراتیجیات تصمیم المبانی المستحدثة المقامة داخل السیاقات ذات القیمة التاریخیة Design Strategies of New Buildings Erected Within Historic Contexts","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/jur.2020.108643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jur.2020.108643","url":null,"abstract":"يناقش هذا البحث إشکالية تصميم المباني الجديدة الواقعة ضمن سياق ذي قيمة تاريخية. على اعتبار أن خصوصيةالمحيط تفرض على هذه المواقع تعام ا ل خا ا صا على المستوى التصميمي، وتتطلب الالتزام بضوابط ومعايير معينة لضمانالحفاظ على الطابع التراثي المتجانس للسياق وحماية الروح المتفردة للمکان من أي تدخلت غير مدروسة يمکن أن تهددهأو تسبب تناف ا را بصرياا فيه أو تنتقص من قيمته ومميزاته. ويهدف البحث إلى استخلص الاستراتيجيات التصميميةالمناسبة التي يمکن انتهاجها في تلک المناطق. وقد اعتمد البحث على المنهج الاستقرائي من خلل تتبع آراء المنظرينوالباحثين السابقين في هذا الصدد، وکذلک النصوص المتعلقة بالموضوع في المواثيق والاتفاقيات الدولية وفي ضوابطبعض المدن التاريخية العالمية، لاستخلص القواعد المشترکة والمبادئ المتفق عليها وکذلک وجهات النظر المختلف فيها،وذلک للعتماد عليها في التحليل المقارن لطائفة مختارة من المشروعات العالمية المتنوعة المقامة داخل سياقات تاريخيةمختلفة، بغرض التوصل إلى تصنيف للستراتيجيات التصميمية المناسبة لتلک الأماکن، وتحديد الحالات الملئمةلاستعمالها وضوابط استخدامها.This research discusses the design approaches of new buildings constructed in historic districts. The new interventions in those places may threaten their distinguished characters if they were not carefully designed. Therefore, design within these sensitive contexts requires special criteria to ensure the protection of their visual consistency and urban advantages. The research aims at indicating the suitable design strategies for these places through both theoretical and analytical approaches. The theoretical approach tries to conclude the main principles of designing in those areas by studying the international charters related to this issue and the different opinions of urban theorists and researchers about it, as well as discussing the guidelines of some historic districts in America and Europe to derive the mutual concepts and basic standards of building in such districts. The analytical approach depends on these results to analyse selected projects built within various historic contexts and adopting different design approaches. A comparative analysis is performed to deduce a classification of the design strategies suitable for historic contexts as well as the guidelines and appropriate uses of each strategy.","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78839302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.21608/jur.2020.120018
د/احمد مصطفى شبل
تعد عمارة الوکالة من أهم الإنجازات الحضارية التي حققتها العمارة الإسلامية حيث أنشئت الوکاله بالمدن العربية والاسلامية فى البداية بوصفها مبنى فندقيا لخدمة التجار الغرباء الوافدين فکانت بمثابة مبنى مجمع للخدمات والتجارة والسکن ويرصد البحث ويوثق نشأة المنشأت التجارية والوکالات في مصر وکذلک دورها داخل النسيج العمرانى کما يرصد تخطيط الوکالات وأهم العناصر المعمارية المکونة لها ومواد البناء وطرق الإنشاء حيث يتناول البحث بالدراسة واحدة من أقدم الوکالات وربما تعد المنشأه التجارية الوحيدة الباقية فى الوجه البحرى وهى وکالة "الجورى" بالمحلة الکبرى حيث يوضح البحث بعض الحقائق عن الوکالة والفروق والتصحيح لبعض الأخطاء الشائعة واللبث التاريخى فى تحديد هوية وتاريخ ومنشىء الوکالة ورصد الوضع الراهن لها والتعديات التي طرأت عليها و أنماط التدهور التى ظهرت عليها وکذلک مراحل وخطوات التدخل الغير مدروسة التي تمت عليها والتى ساهمت هى الأخرى بدورها فى فقدان العديد من العناصر الأصيله للوکالة ومن ثم يطرح البحث خطة مدروسة للتدخل والعلاج لإعادة ترميم الأجزاء المتهالکة وإستعادة صورتها التاريخية فى ضوء المواثيق العالمية "ميثاق فينسيا1964" وإعادة تأهيلها داخل النسيج المحيط بها فى إطار مستدام بما يجعلها جزءا من التراث الحضاري والثقافي للمدينة . The old commercial agency is considered one of the most important civilizational achievements in Islamic architecture. It was established for the first time in Arab and Islamic cities as a hotel for foreign merchants, so it is considered a complex building for services, trade, and housing. The research records the development of the commercial agencies in Egypt, as well as their role within the urban. It also describes the agency “Wekala” components and the most important architectural elements as building materials and construction methods. The study records one of the oldest commercial agencies "Wekalat Al-Gory” in Delta cities. It was considered the only remaining commercial historical building which is a unique model for the archaeological commercial in the Greater Mahala. The research records the historical background of Wekala and clarifies some facts and corrections of some common mistakes for historical broadcasts in identifying the agency, the date and origin of the agency, monitoring the current situation and the encroachments on it, and the random intervention process that were made on it, which contributed in losses of many original elements, and then the research attempts to present a suggested plan for intervention and treatment to restore and complete the missing parts and historical image in light of global conventions "Venice Charter 1964" and rehabilitate it within the surrounded fabric as a part of the cultural heritage of the city.
{"title":"عمارة الوکالة .... مابین أصالة الماضى والإحتیاجات المعاصرة دراسة حالة: وکالة الجورى بالمحلة الکبرى Historical Agency Architecture ”Wekala .... between the Authenticity and Contemporary needs “A Case Study: Al-Gori Agency, Greater Mahala”","authors":"د/احمد مصطفى شبل","doi":"10.21608/jur.2020.120018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jur.2020.120018","url":null,"abstract":"تعد عمارة الوکالة من أهم الإنجازات الحضارية التي حققتها العمارة الإسلامية حيث أنشئت الوکاله بالمدن العربية والاسلامية فى البداية بوصفها مبنى فندقيا لخدمة التجار الغرباء الوافدين فکانت بمثابة مبنى مجمع للخدمات والتجارة والسکن ويرصد البحث ويوثق نشأة المنشأت التجارية والوکالات في مصر وکذلک دورها داخل النسيج العمرانى کما يرصد تخطيط الوکالات وأهم العناصر المعمارية المکونة لها ومواد البناء وطرق الإنشاء حيث يتناول البحث بالدراسة واحدة من أقدم الوکالات وربما تعد المنشأه التجارية الوحيدة الباقية فى الوجه البحرى وهى وکالة \"الجورى\" بالمحلة الکبرى حيث يوضح البحث بعض الحقائق عن الوکالة والفروق والتصحيح لبعض الأخطاء الشائعة واللبث التاريخى فى تحديد هوية وتاريخ ومنشىء الوکالة ورصد الوضع الراهن لها والتعديات التي طرأت عليها و أنماط التدهور التى ظهرت عليها وکذلک مراحل وخطوات التدخل الغير مدروسة التي تمت عليها والتى ساهمت هى الأخرى بدورها فى فقدان العديد من العناصر الأصيله للوکالة ومن ثم يطرح البحث خطة مدروسة للتدخل والعلاج لإعادة ترميم الأجزاء المتهالکة وإستعادة صورتها التاريخية فى ضوء المواثيق العالمية \"ميثاق فينسيا1964\" وإعادة تأهيلها داخل النسيج المحيط بها فى إطار مستدام بما يجعلها جزءا من التراث الحضاري والثقافي للمدينة . The old commercial agency is considered one of the most important civilizational achievements in Islamic architecture. It was established for the first time in Arab and Islamic cities as a hotel for foreign merchants, so it is considered a complex building for services, trade, and housing. The research records the development of the commercial agencies in Egypt, as well as their role within the urban. It also describes the agency “Wekala” components and the most important architectural elements as building materials and construction methods. The study records one of the oldest commercial agencies \"Wekalat Al-Gory” in Delta cities. It was considered the only remaining commercial historical building which is a unique model for the archaeological commercial in the Greater Mahala. The research records the historical background of Wekala and clarifies some facts and corrections of some common mistakes for historical broadcasts in identifying the agency, the date and origin of the agency, monitoring the current situation and the encroachments on it, and the random intervention process that were made on it, which contributed in losses of many original elements, and then the research attempts to present a suggested plan for intervention and treatment to restore and complete the missing parts and historical image in light of global conventions \"Venice Charter 1964\" and rehabilitate it within the surrounded fabric as a part of the cultural heritage of the city.","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88769606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integration of Energy Efficiency measures and Renewable Energy technologies as an Approach to Sustainable development in Egypt","authors":"Salwa El Gindi","doi":"10.21608/jur.2020.90248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jur.2020.90248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83935504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an attempt to document some of the informal initiatives launched by the citizens of Alexandria City in Egypt; to create a bond with their city and help preserve part of its identity within an ever-changing public space on which they have no control. One of the greatest shocks and stresses within the case of Alexandria city is the rapid urbanization through which the face of the city has been dramatically changed within the last few decades. However, the pressing question here is: How did the people of Alexandria City react to these urban changes? Have they practiced David Harvey’s the right to the city? In order to understand the way in which the structure is changed through people’s actions, the author depends on Anthony Giddens’s ‘structure-agency’ duality to study different Alexandrian bottom-up initiatives of heritage preservation and urban resilience. The paper also derives its sociological analysis from Max Weber's theory on the city as appeared in his treatise in 1921 Die Stadt: Eine Soziologische Untersuchung (The City; a Sociological Study). The connection comes from putting Max Weber's Occidental City in parallel with the Contemporary Urban Alexandria, through juxtaposing the 5-Weberian features of the ancient and medieval city vis-a-vis the modern status quo of Alexandria City in Egypt. Methodologically, the author uses Ryo Terui & et al.'s model 'Visual Narratives of the Actantial Map,' known as the ‘Actor-Networking Map,’ in analyzing different public initiatives of heritage preservation and urban resilience. The findings ascertained new theoretical and methodological insights within the discipline of urban sociology.
本文试图记录埃及亚历山大市市民发起的一些非正式倡议;为了与他们的城市建立联系，并在他们无法控制的不断变化的公共空间中帮助保留其部分身份。亚历山大市最大的冲击和压力之一是快速的城市化，在过去的几十年里，城市的面貌发生了巨大的变化。然而，这里紧迫的问题是:亚历山大市的人们是如何应对这些城市变化的?他们有没有行使大卫·哈维的城市权?为了理解结构是如何通过人们的行为而改变的，作者依靠安东尼·吉登斯的“结构-代理”二元性来研究亚历山大自下而上的遗产保护和城市弹性的不同举措。本文还从马克斯·韦伯在1921年的论文《城市》(Die Stadt: Eine Soziologische Untersuchung)中提出的城市理论中进行了社会学分析。社会学研究)。这种联系来自马克斯·韦伯的西方城市与当代亚历山大城市的平行，通过将古代和中世纪城市的五个韦伯特征与埃及亚历山大市的现代现状并置。在方法上，作者使用Ryo Terui等人的模型“实际地图的视觉叙事”，即“行动者网络地图”，来分析遗产保护和城市弹性的不同公共倡议。这些发现确定了城市社会学学科中新的理论和方法见解。
{"title":"Bringing a City Together; Sociological Perspectives on Urban Resilience and Heritage Preservation","authors":"Amal Adel Abdrabo","doi":"10.21608/JUR.2020.90251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JUR.2020.90251","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an attempt to document some of the informal initiatives launched by the citizens of Alexandria City in Egypt; to create a bond with their city and help preserve part of its identity within an ever-changing public space on which they have no control. One of the greatest shocks and stresses within the case of Alexandria city is the rapid urbanization through which the face of the city has been dramatically changed within the last few decades. However, the pressing question here is: How did the people of Alexandria City react to these urban changes? Have they practiced David Harvey’s the right to the city? In order to understand the way in which the structure is changed through people’s actions, the author depends on Anthony Giddens’s ‘structure-agency’ duality to study different Alexandrian bottom-up initiatives of heritage preservation and urban resilience. The paper also derives its sociological analysis from Max Weber's theory on the city as appeared in his treatise in 1921 Die Stadt: Eine Soziologische Untersuchung (The City; a Sociological Study). The connection comes from putting Max Weber's Occidental City in parallel with the Contemporary Urban Alexandria, through juxtaposing the 5-Weberian features of the ancient and medieval city vis-a-vis the modern status quo of Alexandria City in Egypt. Methodologically, the author uses Ryo Terui & et al.'s model 'Visual Narratives of the Actantial Map,' known as the ‘Actor-Networking Map,’ in analyzing different public initiatives of heritage preservation and urban resilience. The findings ascertained new theoretical and methodological insights within the discipline of urban sociology.","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83838785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flooding and torrents are a seasonal phenomenon that hit a lot of cities every year around the world. As climate changes affect the world, cities are increasingly exposed to such threats especially those located on flood streams are most exposed to damages in the winter and the flooding season. In the past ten years, Egypt has been facing severe climate change effects like the increasing frequency of flooding in Egyptian cities. According to the Egyptian government, there are more than 1200 Egyptian cities and villages on flood streams and torrent tracks. These cities are distributed between the Mediterranean coast, Cairo region, Red Sea coast, Sinai and Upper Egypt, these and increasingly vulnerable towards the floods and their urban life is severely affected weather in old cities or in new planned cities. It is mostly located in the Eastern Desert at the east of the Nile. According to geologists and Meteorologists, these cities and their inhabitants are facing future hazards if they were not well prepared to handle floods. The international experience in constructed wetland projects proved to be a successful technique maintaining floods and turning it into sources of development and increasing biodiversity. Several countries led by China have developed national strategies to use wetland parks as a defense tool against flood risks, at the same time these parks have become a source of income for their cities. This paper is a part of series of papers and researches for constructed wetland technology and opportunities to use it in Egypt. In this paper, the torrents and flood risks facing Ras Gharib city will be highlighted. Explaining the abilities of constructed wetland parks to minimize the damage and transform it into a source of strength, which will be a part of resilience city new policies. The research method is a comparative analysis between international project strategies and the Egyptian current strategies and actions to face flood and torrent risk. It will be the fundamentals of an Egyptian model that is compatible with the city's risks and challenges.
{"title":"Integration between Torrent Protection Gray Infrastructures with Constructed Wetland to Achieve Resilience in Ras Gharib","authors":"Ahmed Haron","doi":"10.21608/JUR.2020.90253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JUR.2020.90253","url":null,"abstract":"Flooding and torrents are a seasonal phenomenon that hit a lot of cities every year around the world. As climate changes affect the world, cities are increasingly exposed to such threats especially those located on flood streams are most exposed to damages in the winter and the flooding season. In the past ten years, Egypt has been facing severe climate change effects like the increasing frequency of flooding in Egyptian cities. According to the Egyptian government, there are more than 1200 Egyptian cities and villages on flood streams and torrent tracks. These cities are distributed between the Mediterranean coast, Cairo region, Red Sea coast, Sinai and Upper Egypt, these and increasingly vulnerable towards the floods and their urban life is severely affected weather in old cities or in new planned cities. It is mostly located in the Eastern Desert at the east of the Nile. According to geologists and Meteorologists, these cities and their inhabitants are facing future hazards if they were not well prepared to handle floods. The international experience in constructed wetland projects proved to be a successful technique maintaining floods and turning it into sources of development and increasing biodiversity. Several countries led by China have developed national strategies to use wetland parks as a defense tool against flood risks, at the same time these parks have become a source of income for their cities. This paper is a part of series of papers and researches for constructed wetland technology and opportunities to use it in Egypt. In this paper, the torrents and flood risks facing Ras Gharib city will be highlighted. Explaining the abilities of constructed wetland parks to minimize the damage and transform it into a source of strength, which will be a part of resilience city new policies. The research method is a comparative analysis between international project strategies and the Egyptian current strategies and actions to face flood and torrent risk. It will be the fundamentals of an Egyptian model that is compatible with the city's risks and challenges.","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87603121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cairo is facing a vast number of urban, environmental and social challenges. It is constantly affecting the quality of life in the Egyptian Capital. Water resources are limited and one of the main challenges in Egypt, in addition to the Increasing population, Lack of green spaces, Air and Water pollution rate especially in Cairo. Using untraditional solutions in Egyptian cities now is a critical need, which will help in maximizing the benefits, decreasing projects and operations cost in this developing country. The Nile is the major water source in Egypt, according to recent studies this source is decreasing. UN and the Egyptian government published that Egypt has reached water poverty. Conservation and developing this resource is the cornerstone of academic researches and on the Egyptian government top priorities. Now in Egypt, the importance of recycling water in different methods increased. It is a basic need to cover water demands. Biological water treatment is one of the eco-friendly techniques for water treatment. Constructed wetland now is commonly used as an environmental tool in many countries. It achieves many benefits such as increasing biodiversity, habitats, water treatment and reduces air pollution. In the last decade, this technology was used in Egypt as a tool for water treatment in small-scale projects in The Northern lakes. The multifunction landscape is combining traditional landscape uses with human activities and production. This complexed harmony could achieve a balance between ecosystems with human impacts. Creating a wetland park as multifunction Landscape tool is a new approach in the world. Many countries have success stories in this field. This research will discuss international experiences in constructed wetland parks and local experiences in wetland areas, monitoring challenges and problems facing this technology and main potential elements that will lead to the success of this experiment in Egypt. Recognizing stakeholder complex needs, Ideas, and official plans for developing wetlands in Egypt. Finally, this research provides a framework and action plan to help in adapting the landscape market with this new approach, gives decision makers tools to achieve sustainability in future projects.
{"title":"Constructed Wetland Parks: A Pathway to Sustainability For Cairo","authors":"Ahmed Haron, Z. Feisal","doi":"10.21608/JUR.2020.90103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JUR.2020.90103","url":null,"abstract":"Cairo is facing a vast number of urban, environmental and social challenges. It is constantly affecting the quality of life in the Egyptian Capital. Water resources are limited and one of the main challenges in Egypt, in addition to the Increasing population, Lack of green spaces, Air and Water pollution rate especially in Cairo. Using untraditional solutions in Egyptian cities now is a critical need, which will help in maximizing the benefits, decreasing projects and operations cost in this developing country. \u0000The Nile is the major water source in Egypt, according to recent studies this source is decreasing. UN and the Egyptian government published that Egypt has reached water poverty. Conservation and developing this resource is the cornerstone of academic researches and on the Egyptian government top priorities. Now in Egypt, the importance of recycling water in different methods increased. It is a basic need to cover water demands. Biological water treatment is one of the eco-friendly techniques for water treatment. \u0000Constructed wetland now is commonly used as an environmental tool in many countries. It achieves many benefits such as increasing biodiversity, habitats, water treatment and reduces air pollution. In the last decade, this technology was used in Egypt as a tool for water treatment in small-scale projects in The Northern lakes. \u0000The multifunction landscape is combining traditional landscape uses with human activities and production. This complexed harmony could achieve a balance between ecosystems with human impacts. Creating a wetland park as multifunction Landscape tool is a new approach in the world. Many countries have success stories in this field. \u0000This research will discuss international experiences in constructed wetland parks and local experiences in wetland areas, monitoring challenges and problems facing this technology and main potential elements that will lead to the success of this experiment in Egypt. Recognizing stakeholder complex needs, Ideas, and official plans for developing wetlands in Egypt. Finally, this research provides a framework and action plan to help in adapting the landscape market with this new approach, gives decision makers tools to achieve sustainability in future projects.","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79060260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Development in historic areas is a very sensitive issue because of the importance of these areas and their multiple values of historical, cultural and economic. Development should aim to emphasize and maximize the value of this context and to make possible contributions to address weaknesses. The aim of this research is to investigate the extent to which the role of added development can be maximized in heritage contexts for sustainability. The study hypothesis is discussing the possibility of enhancing the sustainability of historic contexts through an integral infill landscape project based on the potentials of these projects. A questionnaire was conducted with architects and planners to determine the expected role of this type of development and how much contribution it should role. Case studies were selected to assess the extent to which the infill development in heritage domains could achieve sustainability. An analytical comparative study was done based on qualitative methods by studying the case studies of infill landscape projects that were added and positively affected the historic context. The research then proceeds with a set of conclusions and recommendations that can be applied when adding development in historic contexts.
{"title":"Enhancing Sustainability of Historic Contexts Through Infill Landscape Projects Infill development as a catalyst for Rehabilitation","authors":"Z. Feisal","doi":"10.21608/JUR.2020.90100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JUR.2020.90100","url":null,"abstract":"Development in historic areas is a very sensitive issue because of the importance of these areas and their multiple values of historical, cultural and economic. Development should aim to emphasize and maximize the value of this context and to make possible contributions to address weaknesses. The aim of this research is to investigate the extent to which the role of added development can be maximized in heritage contexts for sustainability. The study hypothesis is discussing the possibility of enhancing the sustainability of historic contexts through an integral infill landscape project based on the potentials of these projects. \u0000A questionnaire was conducted with architects and planners to determine the expected role of this type of development and how much contribution it should role. Case studies were selected to assess the extent to which the infill development in heritage domains could achieve sustainability. An analytical comparative study was done based on qualitative methods by studying the case studies of infill landscape projects that were added and positively affected the historic context. \u0000The research then proceeds with a set of conclusions and recommendations that can be applied when adding development in historic contexts.","PeriodicalId":39925,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Urban Research","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78964472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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