{"title":"High Quality Pure Copper Welding by Blue-IR Hybrid Laser","authors":"N. Matsumoto","doi":"10.2207/JJWS.90.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/JJWS.90.93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45515402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Basics of Thermal Cutting and Long-life Techniques of the Electrode for Oxygen Plasma Cuttin","authors":"K. Yamamoto, D. Ihara, Yoshimi Sano","doi":"10.2207/JJWS.90.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/JJWS.90.207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68676935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Gas Cutting on Deformation during Removal of Constraint Jig Using Fast Large-Scale Analysis","authors":"Ryo Ashida","doi":"10.2207/JJWS.90.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/JJWS.90.262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68677555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Report on 27th Symposium on ″Microjoining and Assembly Technology in Electronics″","authors":"M. Matsushima","doi":"10.2207/JJWS.90.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/JJWS.90.292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68677750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The First Step as a Researcher in the Welding Process","authors":"Keigo Tanaka","doi":"10.2207/JJWS.90.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/JJWS.90.276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68678087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nondestructive Testing for Infrastructure Maintenance Using Ultra-compact X-ray and Neutron Sensors","authors":"A. Koike, T. Aoki","doi":"10.2207/JJWS.90.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/JJWS.90.76","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68680017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Active-TIG (A-TIG) or Advanced Active-TIG (AA-TIG) welding is an effective method to improve the welding penetration depth by introducing of active elements such as oxygen into the weld metal. However, increasing oxygen content in the weld metal decreases the toughness of the weld metal. Grain refinement is regarded as one of the most effective ways to improve the toughness of materials. Friction stir processing (FSP) is suitable for reducing grain size in small area such as the weld metal. This study elucidates the effect of FSP on the toughness of 9%Ni steel weld metal containing different oxygen contents. The 9%Ni steel weld metal were fabricated via AA-TIG welding using a mixed gas of Ar and O 2 . The oxygen contents in the weld metal were 180, 250, and 330ppm. FSP treated the weld metal formed via AA-TIG welding. The microstructures of the weld metal and stir zone were observed using the optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The micro-impact test was conducted to measure the toughness of the weld metal and stir zone. Although the toughness of the weld metal decreased with increasing oxygen content in the weld zone, FSP could improve it regardless of the oxygen content in the stir zone. In particular, the toughness of the stir zone with oxygen content of 330ppm was considerably increased, and it reached almost the same value as the base metal. These improvements depend on the grain refinement in the stir zone. The smallest grain size of former austenite was obtained in the stir zone with an oxygen content of 330ppm because numerous small inclusion particles lead to clear pining effect.
{"title":"Effect of Friction Stir Processing on Mechanical Properties of AA-TIG welded 9%Ni Steel","authors":"M. Mori, Tatsuya Tokuda, Y. Morisada, H. Fujii","doi":"10.2207/qjjws.39.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.39.200","url":null,"abstract":"Active-TIG (A-TIG) or Advanced Active-TIG (AA-TIG) welding is an effective method to improve the welding penetration depth by introducing of active elements such as oxygen into the weld metal. However, increasing oxygen content in the weld metal decreases the toughness of the weld metal. Grain refinement is regarded as one of the most effective ways to improve the toughness of materials. Friction stir processing (FSP) is suitable for reducing grain size in small area such as the weld metal. This study elucidates the effect of FSP on the toughness of 9%Ni steel weld metal containing different oxygen contents. The 9%Ni steel weld metal were fabricated via AA-TIG welding using a mixed gas of Ar and O 2 . The oxygen contents in the weld metal were 180, 250, and 330ppm. FSP treated the weld metal formed via AA-TIG welding. The microstructures of the weld metal and stir zone were observed using the optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The micro-impact test was conducted to measure the toughness of the weld metal and stir zone. Although the toughness of the weld metal decreased with increasing oxygen content in the weld zone, FSP could improve it regardless of the oxygen content in the stir zone. In particular, the toughness of the stir zone with oxygen content of 330ppm was considerably increased, and it reached almost the same value as the base metal. These improvements depend on the grain refinement in the stir zone. The smallest grain size of former austenite was obtained in the stir zone with an oxygen content of 330ppm because numerous small inclusion particles lead to clear pining effect.","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67995875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenta Iida, Keigo Tanaka, M. Shigeta, Hisaya Komen, Manabu Tanaka
The droplet ejection from an electrode during an alternative current tungsten inert gas (AC TIG) welding process was observed using a visualization system composed by a high-speed camera with a band-pass filter to clarify dominant factors of the droplet ejection. Different welding currents, electrode diameters and electrode positive (EP) ratios were set. The numbers of droplets ejected from the electrode tip were measured for the different conditions. The timings of droplet ejections from the electrode were also determined in one AC cycle. The results indicated that droplets were likely to be ejected when the welding current was high, when the electrode diameter was small, when the EP ratio was large, and in the latter half of the EP term. Because the electrode temperature under these welding conditions was higher, the high electrode temperature was considered to be a dominant factor for the droplet ejection. However, immediately after the start of the electrode negative (EN) term, the number of droplets decreased even though the electrode temperature was the highest in one AC cycle. Therefore, it was suggested that other factors affected the electrode ejection. Moreover, raised portions were formed on the surface of the molten electrode right before droplet ejections. It was considered that the formation of the raised part might be suppressed by the collision of positive ions in the arc plasma with the electrode at EN term. Estimated pressure due to the ion collision acting on the ridge was larger than that due to the surface tension and the electromagnetic force, respectively. Therefore, it was suggested that the collision of positive ions at EN term suppressed the droplet ejection.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of dominant factors for droplet ejection from electrode during AC TIG welding","authors":"Kenta Iida, Keigo Tanaka, M. Shigeta, Hisaya Komen, Manabu Tanaka","doi":"10.2207/qjjws.39.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.39.260","url":null,"abstract":"The droplet ejection from an electrode during an alternative current tungsten inert gas (AC TIG) welding process was observed using a visualization system composed by a high-speed camera with a band-pass filter to clarify dominant factors of the droplet ejection. Different welding currents, electrode diameters and electrode positive (EP) ratios were set. The numbers of droplets ejected from the electrode tip were measured for the different conditions. The timings of droplet ejections from the electrode were also determined in one AC cycle. The results indicated that droplets were likely to be ejected when the welding current was high, when the electrode diameter was small, when the EP ratio was large, and in the latter half of the EP term. Because the electrode temperature under these welding conditions was higher, the high electrode temperature was considered to be a dominant factor for the droplet ejection. However, immediately after the start of the electrode negative (EN) term, the number of droplets decreased even though the electrode temperature was the highest in one AC cycle. Therefore, it was suggested that other factors affected the electrode ejection. Moreover, raised portions were formed on the surface of the molten electrode right before droplet ejections. It was considered that the formation of the raised part might be suppressed by the collision of positive ions in the arc plasma with the electrode at EN term. Estimated pressure due to the ion collision acting on the ridge was larger than that due to the surface tension and the electromagnetic force, respectively. Therefore, it was suggested that the collision of positive ions at EN term suppressed the droplet ejection.","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67995977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shotaro Yamashita, K. Ueda, Atsushi Takada, D. Izumi, N. Sahara, T. Ogura, K. Saida
This paper reports on the effect of carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium and aluminum on solidification cracking susceptibility of high manganese steel. The solidification cracking susceptibility of high manganese steel has been evaluated by using trans-Varestraint test and BTR that is one of the evaluation index of the solidification cracking susceptibility was obtained and compared. According to quenched microstructure observation by EPMA and EBSD analysis, solidification mode at all material might be an austenite phase (single-phase), in addition MnS was observed in the weld metal of all tested samples with different chemical composition and M 3 P particle was observed only for 13%Cr material. A numerical analysis approach for solidification cracking susceptibility of high manganese steel depending on some solute elements was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the temperature range and confirm the validation of BTR and influence of the solidification phenomenon. Based on both temperature ranges obtained experimentally and analytically, the solidification cracking susceptibility increased with increasing carbon, silicon and manganese, and these doesn ’ t change by chromium content in the high manganese steel. And then, aluminum decreased the solidification cracking susceptibility, but it might be caused ductility-dip cracking in the steel.
{"title":"Effect of Alloying Elements on Solidification Cracking Susceptibility of High Manganese Austenitic Steel","authors":"Shotaro Yamashita, K. Ueda, Atsushi Takada, D. Izumi, N. Sahara, T. Ogura, K. Saida","doi":"10.2207/qjjws.39.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.39.87","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the effect of carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium and aluminum on solidification cracking susceptibility of high manganese steel. The solidification cracking susceptibility of high manganese steel has been evaluated by using trans-Varestraint test and BTR that is one of the evaluation index of the solidification cracking susceptibility was obtained and compared. According to quenched microstructure observation by EPMA and EBSD analysis, solidification mode at all material might be an austenite phase (single-phase), in addition MnS was observed in the weld metal of all tested samples with different chemical composition and M 3 P particle was observed only for 13%Cr material. A numerical analysis approach for solidification cracking susceptibility of high manganese steel depending on some solute elements was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the temperature range and confirm the validation of BTR and influence of the solidification phenomenon. Based on both temperature ranges obtained experimentally and analytically, the solidification cracking susceptibility increased with increasing carbon, silicon and manganese, and these doesn ’ t change by chromium content in the high manganese steel. And then, aluminum decreased the solidification cracking susceptibility, but it might be caused ductility-dip cracking in the steel.","PeriodicalId":39980,"journal":{"name":"Yosetsu Gakkai Ronbunshu/Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67996232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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