Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.27
Maria Nedealcov, Ala Donica, N. Grigoras
The growth and survival of forests in the future, especially in the peripheral and transition areas of ecosystems, such as the Moldavian oak forests, depend directly on temperature changes and the amount of atmospheric precipitation. The purpose of this paper is to determine the potential impact of climate aridization on native species - oaks (Quercus robur, Q. petraea, Q.pubescens) in correlation with ecological niche for these species and identifying the vulnerability zones of forests versus the drought (reproduced by various values of the DeMartonne Index). It has been determined that mesophilic oak specie, during the vegetation period, in the central and southern part of the country, under more dry, more arid conditions of development, will feel changes in the sensitivity to water scarcity, changes in the compositional structure of the respective ecosystems and chorological displacements of the species (limiting the growth area of the Quercus robur, Q. petraea and advancing of Q.pubescens to the central part of country).
{"title":"Evaluări privind impactul secetei asupra speciilor de stejari (Quercus Robur, Q. Petraea, Q.Pubescens) în condiții de aridizare a climei","authors":"Maria Nedealcov, Ala Donica, N. Grigoras","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.27","url":null,"abstract":"The growth and survival of forests in the future, especially in the peripheral and transition areas of ecosystems, such as the Moldavian oak forests, depend directly on temperature changes and the amount of atmospheric precipitation. The purpose of this paper is to determine the potential impact of climate aridization on native species - oaks (Quercus robur, Q. petraea, Q.pubescens) in correlation with ecological niche for these species and identifying the vulnerability zones of forests versus the drought (reproduced by various values of the DeMartonne Index). It has been determined that mesophilic oak specie, during the vegetation period, in the central and southern part of the country, under more dry, more arid conditions of development, will feel changes in the sensitivity to water scarcity, changes in the compositional structure of the respective ecosystems and chorological displacements of the species (limiting the growth area of the Quercus robur, Q. petraea and advancing of Q.pubescens to the central part of country).","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129440304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.21
Constantin Bulimaga, Corina Certan, Aureliu Burghelea
It has been established that the content of heavy metals in tailings dumps of different ages does not exceed the alert threshold for any component. The content of K2O in the 0-20 cm layer is higher than in the 20-40 cm, which is explained by biogeochemical (phytocenotic) processes. It is demonstrated that the total nitrogen content on the surface of tailings dumps of different ages depends on their age. The highest nitrogen content is contained in the newly formed soil layer on the surface of the 25 year old waste heap in the 0-20 cm layer. This is explained by the fact that the largest number of plant species (63 units) that have produced the largest amount of organic substance (humus) from the mass of biodiversity are growing on this dump.
{"title":"Evaluarea conținutului nutrienților în orizonturile solului nou-format de pe suprafața haldelor de steril în procesul de restabilire naturală a ecosistemului petrofit din cariera de calcar ,,Lafarge ciment”","authors":"Constantin Bulimaga, Corina Certan, Aureliu Burghelea","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.21","url":null,"abstract":"It has been established that the content of heavy metals in tailings dumps of different ages does not exceed the alert threshold for any component. The content of K2O in the 0-20 cm layer is higher than in the 20-40 cm, which is explained by biogeochemical (phytocenotic) processes. It is demonstrated that the total nitrogen content on the surface of tailings dumps of different ages depends on their age. The highest nitrogen content is contained in the newly formed soil layer on the surface of the 25 year old waste heap in the 0-20 cm layer. This is explained by the fact that the largest number of plant species (63 units) that have produced the largest amount of organic substance (humus) from the mass of biodiversity are growing on this dump.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127755113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.22
D. Drumea
Studiul a fost realizat pentru prezentarea oportunităților de dezvoltarea durabilă în RRI prin aplicarea prevederilor Directivelor de mediu ale UE, și atingerea stării bune a ecosistemelor acvatice care au fost deteriorate în perioada sovietică prin folosirea intensivă a agrochimicatelor, utilizarea irațională a resurselor de apă, deversărilor necontrolate a apelor uzate. În această perioadă nu existau oportunitățile privind cooperarea internațională și atragerea celor mai bune practici de management al mediului. Actualmente cooperarea cu UE se desfășoară în baza realizării prevederilor directivelor respective. Articolul prezintă primele rezultate obținute în cadru consultării cu APL, lecțiile învățate privind cooperarea cu UE la nivel local.
{"title":"EU environmental directives in the development of the lower Raut river basin management plan","authors":"D. Drumea","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.22","url":null,"abstract":"Studiul a fost realizat pentru prezentarea oportunităților de dezvoltarea durabilă în RRI prin aplicarea prevederilor Directivelor de mediu ale UE, și atingerea stării bune a ecosistemelor acvatice care au fost deteriorate în perioada sovietică prin folosirea intensivă a agrochimicatelor, utilizarea irațională a resurselor de apă, deversărilor necontrolate a apelor uzate. În această perioadă nu existau oportunitățile privind cooperarea internațională și atragerea celor mai bune practici de management al mediului. Actualmente cooperarea cu UE se desfășoară în baza realizării prevederilor directivelor respective. Articolul prezintă primele rezultate obținute în cadru consultării cu APL, lecțiile învățate privind cooperarea cu UE la nivel local.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130253493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.06
Tatiana Bunduc
Soil research offers multiple ways of approach. In the present paper, it has been chosen to study the soil in a well-personalized system, such as the Larga basin. This approach facilitates the understanding of the mechanisms governing the development, spreading and soil properties. The research carried out was based on extensive bibliographic documentation that gave us the necessary information, especially for their typology (correlation of soil types from different classification systems). Correlation with this system ensures the international circulation of soil information in this territory, facilitating participation in international projects.
{"title":"Solurile bazinului hidrografic Larga (colinele Tigheciului). Tipologie, răspândire și proprietăți","authors":"Tatiana Bunduc","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.06","url":null,"abstract":"Soil research offers multiple ways of approach. In the present paper, it has been chosen to study the soil in a well-personalized system, such as the Larga basin. This approach facilitates the understanding of the mechanisms governing the development, spreading and soil properties. The research carried out was based on extensive bibliographic documentation that gave us the necessary information, especially for their typology (correlation of soil types from different classification systems). Correlation with this system ensures the international circulation of soil information in this territory, facilitating participation in international projects.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126532587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.26
Ala Donica, Natalia Raileanu
The study aim was to identify the impact of the major defoliator pests of oaks, in correlation with the main oaks phenological phenomena and the development of various pests stages, to better understand the vitality of forest ecosystems, the causes and effects of stress factors. It was determined that the most aggressive pests of oaks in the studied stands were on the leaves: insects of fam.Cynipidae, Totrix viridana, Erannis defoliaria, Operophtera rumata, Tischeria complanella, insects of fam.Argidae; and on the fruit - Balaninus glandium. The actions of the insects were directly dependent on abiotic and biotic factors. The use of pheromone traps has proved to be an effective method in monitoring the pests of the investigated stands and has allowed the determination of outbreaks for the development of sp.Totrix viridana and Lymantria dispar. During the growing season, through crown defoliation, trees have gone from healthy tree to moderate and severe ones. The study suggests the need to develop effective strategies and measures to protect forests in the face of environmental changes.
{"title":"Evaluări silvopatologice în arboretele de cvercinee (studiu de caz)","authors":"Ala Donica, Natalia Raileanu","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.26","url":null,"abstract":"The study aim was to identify the impact of the major defoliator pests of oaks, in correlation with the main oaks phenological phenomena and the development of various pests stages, to better understand the vitality of forest ecosystems, the causes and effects of stress factors. It was determined that the most aggressive pests of oaks in the studied stands were on the leaves: insects of fam.Cynipidae, Totrix viridana, Erannis defoliaria, Operophtera rumata, Tischeria complanella, insects of fam.Argidae; and on the fruit - Balaninus glandium. The actions of the insects were directly dependent on abiotic and biotic factors. The use of pheromone traps has proved to be an effective method in monitoring the pests of the investigated stands and has allowed the determination of outbreaks for the development of sp.Totrix viridana and Lymantria dispar. During the growing season, through crown defoliation, trees have gone from healthy tree to moderate and severe ones. The study suggests the need to develop effective strategies and measures to protect forests in the face of environmental changes.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"366 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132729762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.01
{"title":"Academicianul Andrei Ursu la 90 de ani de la naştere şi 70 ani de activitate ştiinţifică","authors":"","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133161305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.25
N. Bodrug
Environmental pollution affects population health depending on the extension and the degree of exposure to environmental factors. In most cases it is difficult to obtain an accurate situation of exposure of population to harmful factors. Health status is determined by: human biology, ecological factors, the socio-economic situation of each person, and the quality of medical services. In according to regional peculiarities the interdependence of those factors could vary, but not significantly. The environmental risks are everywhere but diminishing them may improve the health status of the population.
{"title":"Unele aspecte a stării sănătății populației în raioanele Orhei și Telenești","authors":"N. Bodrug","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.25","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution affects population health depending on the extension and the degree of exposure to environmental factors. In most cases it is difficult to obtain an accurate situation of exposure of population to harmful factors. Health status is determined by: human biology, ecological factors, the socio-economic situation of each person, and the quality of medical services. In according to regional peculiarities the interdependence of those factors could vary, but not significantly. The environmental risks are everywhere but diminishing them may improve the health status of the population.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133636604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.28
Ala Donica, Iradion Jechiu
Environmental changes will in large part affect the growth and survival of forests in the future, especially in peripheral and transitional areas of ecosystems, such as forests in the Republic of Moldova (central mesophilic forests from North and the center of the country are at the South-East limit of its natural area). In the future, the distribution of oak populations in response to climate change will depend on the potential of species migrating, by spreading seeds to more favorable locations (eg.: to the North), natural selection with actions on a different genetic basis (in the case of large populations), and the flow of genes from other populations, which will favor rapid adaptation. However, many tree populations will be drastically tested in their adaptive potential, so human intervention will be needed. By climate aridization and its associated processes, the areas of the Quercus petraea and Q.robur, at the southern, south-eastern and eastern border of the species on the territory of the country, will be restricted, with the North-Eastern expansion of the current habitats of Quercus pubescens.
{"title":"Aspecte corologice ale speciilor de stejari (Quercus Robur, Q. Petraea, Q. Pubescens) pe teritoriul Republicii Moldova","authors":"Ala Donica, Iradion Jechiu","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.28","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental changes will in large part affect the growth and survival of forests in the future, especially in peripheral and transitional areas of ecosystems, such as forests in the Republic of Moldova (central mesophilic forests from North and the center of the country are at the South-East limit of its natural area). In the future, the distribution of oak populations in response to climate change will depend on the potential of species migrating, by spreading seeds to more favorable locations (eg.: to the North), natural selection with actions on a different genetic basis (in the case of large populations), and the flow of genes from other populations, which will favor rapid adaptation. However, many tree populations will be drastically tested in their adaptive potential, so human intervention will be needed. By climate aridization and its associated processes, the areas of the Quercus petraea and Q.robur, at the southern, south-eastern and eastern border of the species on the territory of the country, will be restricted, with the North-Eastern expansion of the current habitats of Quercus pubescens.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129291998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.32
Lazăr Chirica
The Black Sea is a unique basin with a complicated geological history, a hidrobiological regime that has changed much in time and has significant level variation throughout it’s evolution. Is the most important development basin of chemolitoatotrophic bacteria that influences the unprecedented development of hydrogen sulphide (𝐻2S) an anaeropic processes are present, which express the basin’s meromic character.
{"title":"Starea actuală a geosistemelor din zona de litoral a mării Negre și unele tendinţe","authors":"Lazăr Chirica","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.32","url":null,"abstract":"The Black Sea is a unique basin with a complicated geological history, a hidrobiological regime that has changed much in time and has significant level variation throughout it’s evolution. Is the most important development basin of chemolitoatotrophic bacteria that influences the unprecedented development of hydrogen sulphide (𝐻2S) an anaeropic processes are present, which express the basin’s meromic character.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"1 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129363624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.19
Rodica Cojocari
In temporal aspect, the duration of sunshine shows a general upward trend. In seasonal aspect, spring season demonstrates an increase of about +0.2 hours, summer - about 0.1 hours, in autumn there is a trend of decreasing, according to the trend line, and the oscillation is equal to zero hours. Also we observe the increase in the number of hours in the spatial aspect. For Briceni meteorological station, the annual amount of sunshine duration varies within the limits of 1544 hours (1980) and 2326 hours (2015). The oscillation limits at the Cahul meteorological station are 1880 hours (1976) and 2604 hours (1963). At the Chisinau meteorological station, there's general increasing trend for the number of hours during which the sunshine duration is maintained, and it exhibits oscillations within 1783 hours (1989) and 2498 hours (1963). In the spatial aspect for winter, this increase +1 hour in Cahul, +0.38 hours in Briceni, and + 0.4 hours / season in Chisinau. In spring, the highest value of +2.2 hours is observed at Briceni and the lowest in Chisinau +1.9 hours / season. At Cahul meteorological station the increase was +1.4 hours. The increase in summer is +1.7 hours in Briceni and Chisinau, and only +0.9 hours in Cahul. Autumn trend line is a downward trend with a -0.3 hours decrease registered at Briceni and Chisinau meteorological stations (minimum values), and -0.6 hours in Cahul, maximum value.
从时间上看，日照时数总体呈上升趋势。在季节方面，春季增加约+0.2小时，夏季增加约0.1小时，秋季有减少的趋势，从趋势线看，振荡等于零小时。我们还观察到在空间方面的小时数增加。布里塞尼气象站年日照时数变化范围为1544小时(1980年)和2326小时(2015年)。Cahul气象站振荡极限为1880小时(1976年)和2604小时(1963年)。基希讷乌气象站日照时数总体呈增加趋势，在1783小时(1989年)和2498小时(1963年)之间有振荡。在冬季空间方面，卡胡尔增加了1小时，布里塞尼增加了0.38小时，基希讷乌增加了0.4小时。春季，布里塞尼的+2.2 h /季最高，基希讷乌的+1.9 h /季最低。在Cahul气象站，增加了1.4小时。在布里塞尼和基希讷乌，夏季增加了+1.7小时，而在卡胡尔仅增加了+0.9小时。秋季趋势线呈下降趋势，布里塞尼和基希讷乌气象站(最小值)减少-0.3 h，卡胡尔气象站(最大值)减少-0.6 h。
{"title":"Analiza spaţio-temporară a duratei de strălucire a soarelui","authors":"Rodica Cojocari","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.19","url":null,"abstract":"In temporal aspect, the duration of sunshine shows a general upward trend. In seasonal aspect, spring season demonstrates an increase of about +0.2 hours, summer - about 0.1 hours, in autumn there is a trend of decreasing, according to the trend line, and the oscillation is equal to zero hours. Also we observe the increase in the number of hours in the spatial aspect. For Briceni meteorological station, the annual amount of sunshine duration varies within the limits of 1544 hours (1980) and 2326 hours (2015). The oscillation limits at the Cahul meteorological station are 1880 hours (1976) and 2604 hours (1963). At the Chisinau meteorological station, there's general increasing trend for the number of hours during which the sunshine duration is maintained, and it exhibits oscillations within 1783 hours (1989) and 2498 hours (1963). In the spatial aspect for winter, this increase +1 hour in Cahul, +0.38 hours in Briceni, and + 0.4 hours / season in Chisinau. In spring, the highest value of +2.2 hours is observed at Briceni and the lowest in Chisinau +1.9 hours / season. At Cahul meteorological station the increase was +1.4 hours. The increase in summer is +1.7 hours in Briceni and Chisinau, and only +0.9 hours in Cahul. Autumn trend line is a downward trend with a -0.3 hours decrease registered at Briceni and Chisinau meteorological stations (minimum values), and -0.6 hours in Cahul, maximum value.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121361623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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