Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.11
Leonid Popov, Aureliu Overcenco, Stela Curcubat
The specificity of zonal pedogenesis factors and their influence on the horizon thickness in the soil profile contributes to the formation of specific characters for each horizon. A clear example can be observed in the interaction between pedogenesis and hydrology, where the illuvial and spontaneous processes move soil-clay minerals, oxides, soil carbon, carbonates and other compounds into the soil profile. Such reciprocal links allow the application of the statistical analysis to assess the variability of the horizons thickness and the prognosis of their spatial spread in relation to the factors that determine the formation of the horizon thickness.
{"title":"Considerațiuni privind folosirea polipedonului în aprecierea răspîdirii spațiale a solurilor","authors":"Leonid Popov, Aureliu Overcenco, Stela Curcubat","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.11","url":null,"abstract":"The specificity of zonal pedogenesis factors and their influence on the horizon thickness in the soil profile contributes to the formation of specific characters for each horizon. A clear example can be observed in the interaction between pedogenesis and hydrology, where the illuvial and spontaneous processes move soil-clay minerals, oxides, soil carbon, carbonates and other compounds into the soil profile. Such reciprocal links allow the application of the statistical analysis to assess the variability of the horizons thickness and the prognosis of their spatial spread in relation to the factors that determine the formation of the horizon thickness.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114013206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.07
Viorica Angheluta
Northern Codrii represents a geographic entity in the Codrii Plateau and has a special morphological structure. Also, the wide range of pedological factors determined the formation of a very varied soil cover. Nowadays, a special attention in the soil survey is given to erosion, which is a serious problem both in Northern Codrii as well as on the whole territory of Republic of Moldova. In the current development of Geographical Information Systems, a quantitative assessment and modeling of the process of soil degradation is possible. Thus, LS-factor is a combined indicator of the L -factor, which defines the impact of slope length and S-factor, which measures the effect of the slope angle. Therefore, LS-factor describes the effect of topography on soil erosion, showing areas susceptible to erosion processes.
{"title":"Identificarea și caracterizarea tipurilor de soluri. Modelarea eroziunii solurilor, LS-factor. Studiu de caz Codrii de nord","authors":"Viorica Angheluta","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.07","url":null,"abstract":"Northern Codrii represents a geographic entity in the Codrii Plateau and has a special morphological structure. Also, the wide range of pedological factors determined the formation of a very varied soil cover. Nowadays, a special attention in the soil survey is given to erosion, which is a serious problem both in Northern Codrii as well as on the whole territory of Republic of Moldova. In the current development of Geographical Information Systems, a quantitative assessment and modeling of the process of soil degradation is possible. Thus, LS-factor is a combined indicator of the L -factor, which defines the impact of slope length and S-factor, which measures the effect of the slope angle. Therefore, LS-factor describes the effect of topography on soil erosion, showing areas susceptible to erosion processes.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115612523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.29
Petru Bacal, Veronica Railean, Daniela Burduja
The scope of this study is application of economic regulation of water use in the Raut river basin (in the limits of Central Development Region from Republic of Moldova. The main objectives of studies are: 1) the analysis of the costs and tariffs of the water supply and sanitation services; 3) the cost recovery analysis of water of water use of the public water supply and sanitation systems; 3) evaluation of financial performance of water supply companies; 4) financing of water sector the area of study; 5) elaboration of recommendations for reforming of economic mechanism for sustainable use of water resources.
{"title":"Mecanismul de reglementare economică a utilizării apelor în bh RĂUT (în limitele RD Centru)","authors":"Petru Bacal, Veronica Railean, Daniela Burduja","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.29","url":null,"abstract":"The scope of this study is application of economic regulation of water use in the Raut river basin (in the limits of Central Development Region from Republic of Moldova. The main objectives of studies are: 1) the analysis of the costs and tariffs of the water supply and sanitation services; 3) the cost recovery analysis of water of water use of the public water supply and sanitation systems; 3) evaluation of financial performance of water supply companies; 4) financing of water sector the area of study; 5) elaboration of recommendations for reforming of economic mechanism for sustainable use of water resources.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115414370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.08
Liliana Stratan, I. Bejan
The efficient development of remote sensing and geographic information system technology provides more accurate technical support for the quantitative analysis of landscape pattern. In order to effectively reflect the current situation of the landscape pattern of the Nirnova river basin, it is better to understand the interaction between anthropic pressure and landscape elements, and to provide scientific basis and theoretical support for the regional landscape planning.
{"title":"Studiul structurii peisajelor bazinului hidrografic Nârnova în baza imaginilor satelitare LANDSAT 8","authors":"Liliana Stratan, I. Bejan","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.08","url":null,"abstract":"The efficient development of remote sensing and geographic information system technology provides more accurate technical support for the quantitative analysis of landscape pattern. In order to effectively reflect the current situation of the landscape pattern of the Nirnova river basin, it is better to understand the interaction between anthropic pressure and landscape elements, and to provide scientific basis and theoretical support for the regional landscape planning.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114695353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.30
V. Crismaru
This paper present data regarding natural impact and anthropic over soils in Development Region Central. Due to the intensive exploitation of the land and natural resources the ecological situation worsened considerably as result negative impact over the soil of Region Central. The natural impact and anthropic of agriculture and pressure of various factors, also led to decrease of soil quality and growth the area of soils eroded. Also was a big influence to crops productivity.
{"title":"Aspecte privind impactul natural și antropic asupra solurilor și productivității culturilor din regiunea de dezvoltare centru","authors":"V. Crismaru","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.30","url":null,"abstract":"This paper present data regarding natural impact and anthropic over soils in Development Region Central. Due to the intensive exploitation of the land and natural resources the ecological situation worsened considerably as result negative impact over the soil of Region Central. The natural impact and anthropic of agriculture and pressure of various factors, also led to decrease of soil quality and growth the area of soils eroded. Also was a big influence to crops productivity.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"360 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125650258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.15
Maria Nedealcov
Excessive amounts of atmospheric precipitation can cause intense soil erosion, landslides, inundation and floods. Torrential rains have the force to displace and transport soil particles, so the risk of soil erosion becomes real, as many times as atmospheric precipitations have a devastating character. In this context, it is extremely useful to know the particularities of the torrential rains in the current regional climate. At this stage, the Fournier (IF) pluvial aggression index is becoming more and more prevalent. This paper is dedicated to the use of this index with the pluviometric Excess Danger index (IPP) developed at regional level. The results obtained show close concordance between these indices for temporal estimations. Spatial analyzes highlight the role of slopes' orientation in distributing the pluviometric Excess Danger index and slopes' degree of inclination in the case of the Fournier pluvial aggression index. The results obtained are useful in the efficient use of agricultural land and in the elaboration of measures for the improvement of degraded soils.
{"title":"Agresivitatea pluvială și periculozitatea exceselor pluviometrice în posibilitatea declanșării proceselor erozionale","authors":"Maria Nedealcov","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.15","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive amounts of atmospheric precipitation can cause intense soil erosion, landslides, inundation and floods. Torrential rains have the force to displace and transport soil particles, so the risk of soil erosion becomes real, as many times as atmospheric precipitations have a devastating character. In this context, it is extremely useful to know the particularities of the torrential rains in the current regional climate. At this stage, the Fournier (IF) pluvial aggression index is becoming more and more prevalent. This paper is dedicated to the use of this index with the pluviometric Excess Danger index (IPP) developed at regional level. The results obtained show close concordance between these indices for temporal estimations. Spatial analyzes highlight the role of slopes' orientation in distributing the pluviometric Excess Danger index and slopes' degree of inclination in the case of the Fournier pluvial aggression index. The results obtained are useful in the efficient use of agricultural land and in the elaboration of measures for the improvement of degraded soils.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132931462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.14
Galina Mindru
In the Republic of Moldova, the main factor contributing to the floods is the torrential rains from the warm semester of the year, which create favorable conditions for triggering strong, sometimes catastrophic floods in the rivers of the republic, especially in the smaller ones. During the study period, 40 floods with significant damage were recorded in the country, with an annual frequency ranging from 0 to 12 cases. In the administrativeterritorial profile, the damages caused by the aforementioned floods varied greatly. Based on the statistical data, a digital map was developed reflecting the degree of exposure of the territory of the Republic of Moldova in the administrative-territorial aspect to the mentioned risk, expressed by the value of the damages caused. In order to reduce the impact caused by the flood floods, measures have been developed to prevent, reduce and combat the negative effects of that risk.
{"title":"Impactul inundaţiilor pluviale din Republica Moldova și măsurile de diminuare a lui","authors":"Galina Mindru","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.14","url":null,"abstract":"In the Republic of Moldova, the main factor contributing to the floods is the torrential rains from the warm semester of the year, which create favorable conditions for triggering strong, sometimes catastrophic floods in the rivers of the republic, especially in the smaller ones. During the study period, 40 floods with significant damage were recorded in the country, with an annual frequency ranging from 0 to 12 cases. In the administrativeterritorial profile, the damages caused by the aforementioned floods varied greatly. Based on the statistical data, a digital map was developed reflecting the degree of exposure of the territory of the Republic of Moldova in the administrative-territorial aspect to the mentioned risk, expressed by the value of the damages caused. In order to reduce the impact caused by the flood floods, measures have been developed to prevent, reduce and combat the negative effects of that risk.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130128226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.12
S. Curcubăt, T. Nagacevschi
The progress of knowledge about soils in the world and at the national level has established that soil is an organically-mineral body, self-contained, possessing a characteristic specific to its own - fertility. The Russian soil scientist V.V. Dokuceaev writes (1900) that the soils of Bessarabia are particularly fertile, showing a collection of soil samples collected by the scientist during his expedition (1898), a collection that is located at the Museum of Natural Sciences of the State University of Moldova. The quality of soils, during their evolution and being used in agriculture, has suffered a significant degradation.
{"title":"Moştenire de LA V. V. Dokuceaev","authors":"S. Curcubăt, T. Nagacevschi","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.12","url":null,"abstract":"The progress of knowledge about soils in the world and at the national level has established that soil is an organically-mineral body, self-contained, possessing a characteristic specific to its own - fertility. The Russian soil scientist V.V. Dokuceaev writes (1900) that the soils of Bessarabia are particularly fertile, showing a collection of soil samples collected by the scientist during his expedition (1898), a collection that is located at the Museum of Natural Sciences of the State University of Moldova. The quality of soils, during their evolution and being used in agriculture, has suffered a significant degradation.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116920882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.03
Andrei Crăciun, I. Bejan
In the sense of digital terrain modeling, there is a set of techniques for obtaining a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). But, as expected, modeling the terrestrial surface, its representation in a virtual space, involves certain problems that are related to the surface specificity itself and our way of measuring it. Numerical altitude models, once performed, find their usefulness as input data for derivation of some topographical attributes of geomorphometric parameters, morphometric variables or general information about the land respectively.
{"title":"Caracteristici morfometrice ale reliefului bazinului râului Bucovăț","authors":"Andrei Crăciun, I. Bejan","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.03","url":null,"abstract":"In the sense of digital terrain modeling, there is a set of techniques for obtaining a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). But, as expected, modeling the terrestrial surface, its representation in a virtual space, involves certain problems that are related to the surface specificity itself and our way of measuring it. Numerical altitude models, once performed, find their usefulness as input data for derivation of some topographical attributes of geomorphometric parameters, morphometric variables or general information about the land respectively.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124381325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.53380/9789975315593.17
Valentina Raileanu
The article briefly describes the history and fields of application of the theory of extreme values, including climatology. The data format, the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) probability distributions with Bock Maxima, the Generalized Pareto (GP) distributions with Point of Threshold (POT) and the analysis methods are presented. Estimating the distribution parameters is done using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. Free R software installation, the minimum set of required commands and the GUI in2extRemes graphical package are described. As an example, the results of the GEV analysis of a simulated data set in in2extRemes are presented.
{"title":"Utilizarea teoriei valorilor extreme în climatologie","authors":"Valentina Raileanu","doi":"10.53380/9789975315593.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53380/9789975315593.17","url":null,"abstract":"The article briefly describes the history and fields of application of the theory of extreme values, including climatology. The data format, the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) probability distributions with Bock Maxima, the Generalized Pareto (GP) distributions with Point of Threshold (POT) and the analysis methods are presented. Estimating the distribution parameters is done using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. Free R software installation, the minimum set of required commands and the GUI in2extRemes graphical package are described. As an example, the results of the GEV analysis of a simulated data set in in2extRemes are presented.","PeriodicalId":402313,"journal":{"name":"Starea actuală a componentelor de mediu","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132927606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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