Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-194-208
Violetta Ivanovna Koshevaya, I. V. Oseledtseva, L. Stribizheva
Currently, the production of high-quality sparkling wines is one of the main tasks in wine-making. The indicator of foamy and sparkling properties of finished sparkling wines directly depends on the ability of the base wine to foam. This indicator is influenced by various factors: the grape variety, the composition of the wine material, the agrotechnological and technological methods used. The main purpose of the study was to study the influence of varietal characteristics of grapes on the foaming ability of wine materials produced in the Krasnodar region in the 2022 season. All the original samples were processed and fermented under identical conditions. The study of the component composition of the samples was carried out according to standard methods using modern equipment. To determine the ability of foam formation by the initial samples, a "Foaming analyzer" was used, developed by Mishin M.V. on the basis of the Department of Technology of Wine-making and Fermentation named after Professor A.A. Merzhanian, which allows an objective assessment of the quality of foam. The foaming ability of three introduced grape varieties was analyzed: Pinot Blanc, Riesling Rhenish and Chardonnay. The result of the study was the establishment of a connection between the foaming ability of wine materials and the grape variety. In the course of the study, it was found that all the samples under study, both in terms of chemical composition and organoleptic evaluation of the aroma, were suitable for creating sparkling wine. However, according to the totality of the composition (esters, higher alcohols and amino acids), wine materials from the Riesling Rhenish variety had the greatest potential for the formation of foaming capacity for the 2022 season in the Temryuk district of the Krasnodar region.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF VARIETAL FACTOR ON THE FORMATION OF FOAMING ABILITY OF WINE MATERIALS","authors":"Violetta Ivanovna Koshevaya, I. V. Oseledtseva, L. Stribizheva","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-194-208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-194-208","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the production of high-quality sparkling wines is one of the main tasks in wine-making. The indicator of foamy and sparkling properties of finished sparkling wines directly depends on the ability of the base wine to foam. This indicator is influenced by various factors: the grape variety, the composition of the wine material, the agrotechnological and technological methods used. The main purpose of the study was to study the influence of varietal characteristics of grapes on the foaming ability of wine materials produced in the Krasnodar region in the 2022 season. All the original samples were processed and fermented under identical conditions. The study of the component composition of the samples was carried out according to standard methods using modern equipment. To determine the ability of foam formation by the initial samples, a \"Foaming analyzer\" was used, developed by Mishin M.V. on the basis of the Department of Technology of Wine-making and Fermentation named after Professor A.A. Merzhanian, which allows an objective assessment of the quality of foam. The foaming ability of three introduced grape varieties was analyzed: Pinot Blanc, Riesling Rhenish and Chardonnay. The result of the study was the establishment of a connection between the foaming ability of wine materials and the grape variety. In the course of the study, it was found that all the samples under study, both in terms of chemical composition and organoleptic evaluation of the aroma, were suitable for creating sparkling wine. However, according to the totality of the composition (esters, higher alcohols and amino acids), wine materials from the Riesling Rhenish variety had the greatest potential for the formation of foaming capacity for the 2022 season in the Temryuk district of the Krasnodar region.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"61 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-62-77
Hurii Viktorovich Korniliev
The paper presents the results of DNA profiling of 28 grape samples with unidentified varietal affiliation, selected from the Magarach Ampelographic Collection, and provides polymorphism assessment of their microsatellite loci. Genotyping was performed using 9 nuclear (VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD25, VVMD27, VVMD28, VVMD32, VrZAG62, VrZAG79, VVS2) and 3 chloroplast (ccmp3, ccmp5, ccmp10) SSR markers. For nuclear loci, 105 alleles were identified, the average number of alleles per locus (na) was 11.7; the average effective number of alleles (ne) is 7.23; Shannon information index (I) for the studied batch of samples was 2.13. The highest allele frequency was observed in samples with VVS2133 and VVS2135 (p = 0.250), VVMD5238 (p = 0.232), VVMD7247 (p = 0.232), VVMD25239 (p = 0.250), VVMD27180 (p = 0.232), VVMD28236 (p = 0.143), VVMD32272 (p = 0.304), VrZAG62188 (p = 0.179), VrZAG79251 (p = 0.232) alleles. The average value of actual heterozygosity Heto was 0.8333, expected heterozygosity Hetе was 0.8712. For chloroplast loci, 7 alleles were identified: ccmp3106, ccmp3107, ccmp5104, ccmp5105, ccmp10114, ccmp10115, ccmp10116. Also 4 chlorotypes were identified: A (1 sample), B (9), C (13), D (5). A dendrogram of genetic similarity was constructed using the UPGMA method, which showed the presence of three clusters containing, respectively, 11, 11 and 6 samples. There was a uniform distribution of chlorotypes B and D over three clusters, and chlorotype C – over two clusters. It is concluded that the results can be used to assess the genetic diversity of Magarach Ampelographic Collection.
{"title":"STUDY OF MICROSATELLITE LOCI POLYMORPHISM OF GRAPE SAMPLES WITH UNIDENTIFIED VARIETAL AFFILATION OF MAGARACH AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION USING THE MOLECULAR MARKERS","authors":"Hurii Viktorovich Korniliev","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-62-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-62-77","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of DNA profiling of 28 grape samples with unidentified varietal affiliation, selected from the Magarach Ampelographic Collection, and provides polymorphism assessment of their microsatellite loci. Genotyping was performed using 9 nuclear (VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD25, VVMD27, VVMD28, VVMD32, VrZAG62, VrZAG79, VVS2) and 3 chloroplast (ccmp3, ccmp5, ccmp10) SSR markers. For nuclear loci, 105 alleles were identified, the average number of alleles per locus (na) was 11.7; the average effective number of alleles (ne) is 7.23; Shannon information index (I) for the studied batch of samples was 2.13. The highest allele frequency was observed in samples with VVS2133 and VVS2135 (p = 0.250), VVMD5238 (p = 0.232), VVMD7247 (p = 0.232), VVMD25239 (p = 0.250), VVMD27180 (p = 0.232), VVMD28236 (p = 0.143), VVMD32272 (p = 0.304), VrZAG62188 (p = 0.179), VrZAG79251 (p = 0.232) alleles. The average value of actual heterozygosity Heto was 0.8333, expected heterozygosity Hetе was 0.8712. For chloroplast loci, 7 alleles were identified: ccmp3106, ccmp3107, ccmp5104, ccmp5105, ccmp10114, ccmp10115, ccmp10116. Also 4 chlorotypes were identified: A (1 sample), B (9), C (13), D (5). A dendrogram of genetic similarity was constructed using the UPGMA method, which showed the presence of three clusters containing, respectively, 11, 11 and 6 samples. There was a uniform distribution of chlorotypes B and D over three clusters, and chlorotype C – over two clusters. It is concluded that the results can be used to assess the genetic diversity of Magarach Ampelographic Collection.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"90 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-78-93
Mira Miradilovna Zakirova, P. Radchevsky
The results of studying the mechanical composition of bunches and berries of a young vineyard of dark-berry technical grape varieties Vecherniy, Dmitriy and Kurchanskiy are presented. The research was carried out in a standard own-root vineyard located in the first department of the Kuban educational farm of KubSAU. Data on the average mass of a bunch and berry, as well as the mass of their constituent structural elements are given: the proportion of berries and stems in the bunch weight, the proportion of skin, seeds and pulp with juice in the berry weight, the structure index of the bunch and the berry index are calculated. It was revealed that the smallest bunch weight was obtained from the Vecherniy variety, and the largest from the Kurchanskiy variety. In both years, the smallest average berry weight was observed in the Dmitriy variety, and the largest in the Vecherniy variety. The proportion of berries from the bunch weight in the studied varieties turned out to be approximately the same and amounted to 96.1–97.7 %, which was within the normal range. In both years, the structure index had the highest values in the Kurchanskiy variety, and the lowest in the Vecherniy variety. The highest values of the berry index were observed in the Dmitriy variety, which has the smallest berries, and the lowest values in the Vecherniy variety, which has the largest berries. The proportion of skin in four out of six cases was significantly higher than the standard values. The proportion of seeds from the bunch weight between varieties ranged from 5.0-9.8 %, which exceeded the norm by 1.0-3.8 %. The proportion of pulp with juice in five out of six cases was 58.2-71.7 %, which was significantly less than the standard values (75-80 %). The share of structural indicators of berries depended not only on varietal characteristics, but also on the conditions of the year.
{"title":"MECHANICAL COMPOSITION OF BUNCHES OF DARK-BERRY TECHNICAL GRAPE VARIETIES BRED BY ARRIV&W NAMED AFTER YA. I. POTAPENKO, AND NCFSCHVW","authors":"Mira Miradilovna Zakirova, P. Radchevsky","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-78-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-78-93","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studying the mechanical composition of bunches and berries of a young vineyard of dark-berry technical grape varieties Vecherniy, Dmitriy and Kurchanskiy are presented. The research was carried out in a standard own-root vineyard located in the first department of the Kuban educational farm of KubSAU. Data on the average mass of a bunch and berry, as well as the mass of their constituent structural elements are given: the proportion of berries and stems in the bunch weight, the proportion of skin, seeds and pulp with juice in the berry weight, the structure index of the bunch and the berry index are calculated. It was revealed that the smallest bunch weight was obtained from the Vecherniy variety, and the largest from the Kurchanskiy variety. In both years, the smallest average berry weight was observed in the Dmitriy variety, and the largest in the Vecherniy variety. The proportion of berries from the bunch weight in the studied varieties turned out to be approximately the same and amounted to 96.1–97.7 %, which was within the normal range. In both years, the structure index had the highest values in the Kurchanskiy variety, and the lowest in the Vecherniy variety. The highest values of the berry index were observed in the Dmitriy variety, which has the smallest berries, and the lowest values in the Vecherniy variety, which has the largest berries. The proportion of skin in four out of six cases was significantly higher than the standard values. The proportion of seeds from the bunch weight between varieties ranged from 5.0-9.8 %, which exceeded the norm by 1.0-3.8 %. The proportion of pulp with juice in five out of six cases was 58.2-71.7 %, which was significantly less than the standard values (75-80 %). The share of structural indicators of berries depended not only on varietal characteristics, but also on the conditions of the year.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"101 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper discusses methods for identifying wines based on regional characteristics, which consists of establishing a connection between the component composition of wines and soils corresponding to the area where grapes grow. It has been shown that markers of regional affiliation can be components whose content in wines practically does not change during the production process. The results of a study of the mineral composition of wines produced by the winemaking enterprise OOO “Imenie Sikory” are presented. Using atomic absorption spectroscopy using the Kvant Z spectrometer (NPF OOO “KORTEK”, Russia), 12 metal elements (Co, Mn, Rb, Cr, Cs, Al, Ba, Zn, Sr, Li, Na, Mg) were determined in the course of studies on atomic emission and absorption spectra. A study was also conducted of the mineral composition of soil samples from vineyards where grapes used for wine production grew. Using the methods of correlation and cluster analysis, as well as using the “random forest” algorithm (for wine samples, the initial data were the content of elements and their pairwise ratios), it was revealed that the mineral composition can serve as a marker of the regional affiliation of wine products, since the studied wine samples are within each variety have a stable mineral composition, regardless of the year of harvest (correlations between the year and the content of elements are insignificant), determined by the characteristics of the site where the grapes grow. Quantitative determination of the components of the mineral complex in combination with mathematical processing of the results allows us to establish the origin of the wines with a reasonable degree of probability. The mineral composition of the studied wines is unique and is determined by the soil characteristics of the vineyard areas of the “Semigorye” geographical object.
{"title":"MINERAL COMPOSITION AS A MARKER OF TERRITORIAL AFFILIATION OF WINES OF PROTECTED DESIGNATIONS OF ORIGIN","authors":"B. Burtsev, Anastasia Nikolaevna Tikhonova, Mikhail Viktorovich Antonenko, Kristina Vyacheslavovna Reznichenko","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-178-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-178-193","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses methods for identifying wines based on regional characteristics, which consists of establishing a connection between the component composition of wines and soils corresponding to the area where grapes grow. It has been shown that markers of regional affiliation can be components whose content in wines practically does not change during the production process. The results of a study of the mineral composition of wines produced by the winemaking enterprise OOO “Imenie Sikory” are presented. Using atomic absorption spectroscopy using the Kvant Z spectrometer (NPF OOO “KORTEK”, Russia), 12 metal elements (Co, Mn, Rb, Cr, Cs, Al, Ba, Zn, Sr, Li, Na, Mg) were determined in the course of studies on atomic emission and absorption spectra. A study was also conducted of the mineral composition of soil samples from vineyards where grapes used for wine production grew. Using the methods of correlation and cluster analysis, as well as using the “random forest” algorithm (for wine samples, the initial data were the content of elements and their pairwise ratios), it was revealed that the mineral composition can serve as a marker of the regional affiliation of wine products, since the studied wine samples are within each variety have a stable mineral composition, regardless of the year of harvest (correlations between the year and the content of elements are insignificant), determined by the characteristics of the site where the grapes grow. Quantitative determination of the components of the mineral complex in combination with mathematical processing of the results allows us to establish the origin of the wines with a reasonable degree of probability. The mineral composition of the studied wines is unique and is determined by the soil characteristics of the vineyard areas of the “Semigorye” geographical object.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-121-135
Amiran Khabidovich Zanilov, Rustam Kharunovich Taov, Milana Radievna Aznaeva, Islam Tigranovich Khashkhozhev, J. H. Bakuev, A. V. Satibalov
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Gardening, Nalchik, KBR, Russia in terms of nutrient content, which can be used in health conservation programs for the prevention, including endemic diseases of the population.
联邦国家预算科学机构 "北高加索山地和山麓园艺研究所"，俄罗斯，KBR，纳尔奇克。
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE BIO-ORGANO-MINERAL COMPLEX AKM ON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE SOIL, PRODUCTIVITY OF APPLE TREE AND FRUIT QUALITY","authors":"Amiran Khabidovich Zanilov, Rustam Kharunovich Taov, Milana Radievna Aznaeva, Islam Tigranovich Khashkhozhev, J. H. Bakuev, A. V. Satibalov","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-121-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-121-135","url":null,"abstract":"Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Gardening, Nalchik, KBR, Russia in terms of nutrient content, which can be used in health conservation programs for the prevention, including endemic diseases of the population.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"101 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-1-14
S. V. Mayborodin
Currently, financial success in the market can be provided by varieties of fruit crops that have a complex of economically valuable and adaptively significant characteristics, at the same time, characterized by high yield capacity, proper presentation, transportability and the ability to long-term storage. The key to the cost-effective maintenance of an apple orchard is determined by rational technology, proper care of trees, and the correct selection of varieties. It is worth noting that the average yield capacity of apple fruits on the Don in the years before the reforms did not exceed 40-50 kg/ha. The low yield capacity is explained by the lack of an irrigation system in the orchards, the use seed, strong-growing rootstocks as the main, the rare standing of trees (250-300 tree/ha) in the orchard, an unsuccessful choice of varieties. The determination of the most suitable varieties for the selected climatic zone became the purpose of the research. So, in 2012, in the conditions of the Azov zone of the Rostov region, an intensive type orchard was planted on an area of 84 hectares, in which eight apple varieties of different ripening periods were placed. When laying the garden, mainly new varieties with increased resistance to diseases and pests were used. The rootstock of seedlings is weakly growing, vegetatively propagated M9 (paradizka 9, EM 9). Tree planting scheme is 3x1 m (3m2 /tree, 3333 tree/ha). In the course of our work, the fertility of these varieties, yield capacity, the influence of climate and temperature on trees, as well as resistance to diseases and pests were analyzed. Based on the obtained data, optimal varieties of various maturation periods for cultivation in the Azov zone of the Rostov region were established.
目前，市场上的经济成功可以由具有经济价值和适应性显著特征的复杂水果作物品种提供，同时具有高产能力、适当的外观、可运输性和长期储存能力。合理的技术、适当的树木护理和正确的品种选择决定了一个苹果园的成本效益维护的关键。值得注意的是，改革前几年顿河苹果的平均单产能力不超过40-50公斤/公顷。果园缺乏灌溉系统，主要使用种子，生长强壮的砧木，果园中树木稀少(250-300棵/公顷)，品种选择不成功。确定最适合所选气候带的品种成为研究的目的。因此，在2012年，在罗斯托夫地区亚速地区的条件下，在84公顷的面积上种植了一个集约型果园，其中种植了8个不同成熟期的苹果品种。铺设园林时，主要选用抗病虫害能力强的新品种。幼苗砧木生长弱，无性繁殖M9 (paradizka 9, EM 9)。植树方案为3x1 m (3m2 /树，3333棵/公顷)。在我们的工作过程中，我们分析了这些品种的肥力、产量能力、气候和温度对树木的影响以及对病虫害的抗性。根据获得的数据，确定了罗斯托夫地区亚速区不同成熟期种植的最佳品种。
{"title":"SELECTION OF OPTIMAL VARIETIES OF APPLE TREE OF DIFFERENT MATURATION DATES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE AZOV ZONE OF THE ROSTOV REGION","authors":"S. V. Mayborodin","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-1-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-1-14","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, financial success in the market can be provided by varieties of fruit crops that have a complex of economically valuable and adaptively significant characteristics, at the same time, characterized by high yield capacity, proper presentation, transportability and the ability to long-term storage. The key to the cost-effective maintenance of an apple orchard is determined by rational technology, proper care of trees, and the correct selection of varieties. It is worth noting that the average yield capacity of apple fruits on the Don in the years before the reforms did not exceed 40-50 kg/ha. The low yield capacity is explained by the lack of an irrigation system in the orchards, the use seed, strong-growing rootstocks as the main, the rare standing of trees (250-300 tree/ha) in the orchard, an unsuccessful choice of varieties. The determination of the most suitable varieties for the selected climatic zone became the purpose of the research. So, in 2012, in the conditions of the Azov zone of the Rostov region, an intensive type orchard was planted on an area of 84 hectares, in which eight apple varieties of different ripening periods were placed. When laying the garden, mainly new varieties with increased resistance to diseases and pests were used. The rootstock of seedlings is weakly growing, vegetatively propagated M9 (paradizka 9, EM 9). Tree planting scheme is 3x1 m (3m2 /tree, 3333 tree/ha). In the course of our work, the fertility of these varieties, yield capacity, the influence of climate and temperature on trees, as well as resistance to diseases and pests were analyzed. Based on the obtained data, optimal varieties of various maturation periods for cultivation in the Azov zone of the Rostov region were established.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"134 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138598971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-15-23
A. Lyzhin, I. Luk’yanchuk
Improving the fruit aroma is one of the promising directions of modern strawberry breeding. The strawberry fruit aroma is a complex trait, formed by a combination of a large number of volatile compounds. The present study shows the results of assessing the allelic state of the FaOMT gene, determining biosynthesis of mesifurane (volatile compound) in strawberry selected forms created in the «I.V. Michurin FSC». The biological objects of the study were 22 strawberry selected intervarietal forms from 12 crossing combinations. The allelic state of the FaOMT gene was identified using codominant SCAR marker FaOMT-SI/NO. As a result of the studies, the marker fragment of the functional allele FaOMT+ was identified in 86.4 % of forms. A heterozygous combination of alleles of the FaOMT gene (average level of mesifurane accumulation in fruits) was detected in 9.1 % forms. The homozygous state of the functional allele was detected in 77.3% forms. The homozygous state of the non-functional allele FaOMT- (mesifurane is not produced) is characterized by three genotypes (13.6 %). The greatest value for strawberry breeding use are forms with the homozygous state of the FaOMT+ allele: 1/6-41 (Vima Zanta × Polka), 2/2-32, 2/2-41 (Faith × Tea), 3/2-62 (Vima Zanta × Privlekatelnaya), 3/4-6, 3/4-7 (Malwina × Tea), 3/9-5, 3/9-12 (Florence × Faith), 5/1-105 (Polka × Vima Zanta), 5/2-23, 5/2-26, 5/2-32 (San Andreas × Monterey), 6/3-5, 6/3-21 (Kimberly × 9/2-2), 7/2-78 (Asia × Maya), 9/2-2, 9/2-7 (Kimberly × Honeoye). These forms are characterized by the maximum level of mesifurane biosynthesis in fruits and their involvement of which in hybridization allows the transmission of the target allele to 100 % of the hybrid seedlings.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE ALLELIC STATE OF THE FAOMT GENE IN STRAWBERRY BREEDING FORMS OF INTERVARIETAL ORIGIN","authors":"A. Lyzhin, I. Luk’yanchuk","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-15-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-15-23","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the fruit aroma is one of the promising directions of modern strawberry breeding. The strawberry fruit aroma is a complex trait, formed by a combination of a large number of volatile compounds. The present study shows the results of assessing the allelic state of the FaOMT gene, determining biosynthesis of mesifurane (volatile compound) in strawberry selected forms created in the «I.V. Michurin FSC». The biological objects of the study were 22 strawberry selected intervarietal forms from 12 crossing combinations. The allelic state of the FaOMT gene was identified using codominant SCAR marker FaOMT-SI/NO. As a result of the studies, the marker fragment of the functional allele FaOMT+ was identified in 86.4 % of forms. A heterozygous combination of alleles of the FaOMT gene (average level of mesifurane accumulation in fruits) was detected in 9.1 % forms. The homozygous state of the functional allele was detected in 77.3% forms. The homozygous state of the non-functional allele FaOMT- (mesifurane is not produced) is characterized by three genotypes (13.6 %). The greatest value for strawberry breeding use are forms with the homozygous state of the FaOMT+ allele: 1/6-41 (Vima Zanta × Polka), 2/2-32, 2/2-41 (Faith × Tea), 3/2-62 (Vima Zanta × Privlekatelnaya), 3/4-6, 3/4-7 (Malwina × Tea), 3/9-5, 3/9-12 (Florence × Faith), 5/1-105 (Polka × Vima Zanta), 5/2-23, 5/2-26, 5/2-32 (San Andreas × Monterey), 6/3-5, 6/3-21 (Kimberly × 9/2-2), 7/2-78 (Asia × Maya), 9/2-2, 9/2-7 (Kimberly × Honeoye). These forms are characterized by the maximum level of mesifurane biosynthesis in fruits and their involvement of which in hybridization allows the transmission of the target allele to 100 % of the hybrid seedlings.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"51 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138600764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-94-107
A. Zarmaev
The article reveals the main factors and moments that characterize the develop-ment of viticulture in the Gudermessky district of the Checheno-Ingush ASSR in the 80s of the XX century. It is emphasized that this area is more suitable for viticulture than the "old" areas – Naursky, Shelkovskoy and Nadterechny. In confirmation, emphasis is placed on more favorable edaphoclimatic conditions, the possibility of introducing a non-covering and semi-covering grape culture, a higher adaptability of the population to the industry, due to the proximity to the Khasavyurtovsky District, where the population was engaged in viticulture much earlier. It was found that by the mid-1980s 8 specialized farms (wine collective farms) operated in the district, which are part of the production and collective farm association "Checheningushvino". The area of vineyards was systematically growing, the wine collective farms achieved high results in terms of gross production of grapes and grape yield capacity. A special place was given to securing vineyards for mobile groups of wine-growers (family contract) and tenants. The culture of grapes in the region occupied a prestigious place among other branches of the agro-industrial complex. It was especially noted that the processes of intensification of production were launched. High-value grape varieties with increased frost resistance were tested, allowing them to switch to a non-covering crop; the bushes were transferred to more advanced pruning, which were distinguished by a greater capacity in terms of load with shoots, etc. After the release of the Anti-Alcohol Decree and subsequent negative processes that led to the collapse of the country (and to military operations in Chechnya), the industry began to curtail. However, the experience accumulated by generations of growing grapes finds its application.
{"title":"VITICULTURE OF THE GUDERMES DISTRICT OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC IN THE DURING OF THE FLOWING INDUSTRY","authors":"A. Zarmaev","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-94-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-94-107","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the main factors and moments that characterize the develop-ment of viticulture in the Gudermessky district of the Checheno-Ingush ASSR in the 80s of the XX century. It is emphasized that this area is more suitable for viticulture than the \"old\" areas – Naursky, Shelkovskoy and Nadterechny. In confirmation, emphasis is placed on more favorable edaphoclimatic conditions, the possibility of introducing a non-covering and semi-covering grape culture, a higher adaptability of the population to the industry, due to the proximity to the Khasavyurtovsky District, where the population was engaged in viticulture much earlier. It was found that by the mid-1980s 8 specialized farms (wine collective farms) operated in the district, which are part of the production and collective farm association \"Checheningushvino\". The area of vineyards was systematically growing, the wine collective farms achieved high results in terms of gross production of grapes and grape yield capacity. A special place was given to securing vineyards for mobile groups of wine-growers (family contract) and tenants. The culture of grapes in the region occupied a prestigious place among other branches of the agro-industrial complex. It was especially noted that the processes of intensification of production were launched. High-value grape varieties with increased frost resistance were tested, allowing them to switch to a non-covering crop; the bushes were transferred to more advanced pruning, which were distinguished by a greater capacity in terms of load with shoots, etc. After the release of the Anti-Alcohol Decree and subsequent negative processes that led to the collapse of the country (and to military operations in Chechnya), the industry began to curtail. However, the experience accumulated by generations of growing grapes finds its application.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"176 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-151-161
Oleg Valerievich Orlov, E. Yurchenko
The paper presents the results of studies of trophic relationships of Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera, Torticidae) in the «parasitoid - insect-host» system in ampelocenoses. For the first time for the Anapa-Taman viticulture zone of the Krasnodar region, the species Bassus tumidulus (Nees, 1812) (Microdus tumidulus (Nees von Esenbeck, 1812), Therophilus tumidulus (Nees von Esenbeck, 1812) was established as a mass natural enemy of the European grape moth in the conditions of industrial plantings of grapes. During the observation period (2021-2023), this type of parasitoid was the most common in terms of the number of infected specimens of L. botrana, its frequency of occurrence exceeded that of other parasitoids recorded in these studies by 2.7 times. There is a lack of knowledge of the parasitoid fauna in the consortia formed around the European grape moth in ampelocenoses. Knowledge of trophic relationships of the main economically significant pest of the vineyards of the Anapa-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region as a mechanism for regulating its abundance can help in the development of effective biologized protection measures in the fight against it. According to the results of extirpation, the seasonal dynamics of the flight of the adult parasitoid was revealed and compared with the life cycle of the harmful lepidopteran host. A complete adaptation of Bassus tumidulus to the target phases of the development of the European grape moth has been established. The conclusion is made about the specialization of the polyphage to this pest in the region. The characteristic features of Bassus tumidulus population dynamics were revealed, namely, an increase in the density of the hymenoptera population in ampelocenosis by the end of the growing season. The data of the biology of Bassus tumidulus, given in the literature, have been confirmed.
本文介绍了 Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff.(Lepidoptera, Torticidae) 在 "寄生虫-昆虫-寄主 "系统中的营养关系的研究结果。在克拉斯诺达尔地区的阿纳帕-塔曼（Anapa-Taman）葡萄栽培区，首次发现了在葡萄工业化种植条件下欧洲葡萄蠹蛾的主要天敌--Bassus tumidulus (Nees, 1812) (Microdus tumidulus (Nees von Esenbeck, 1812), Therophilus tumidulus (Nees von Esenbeck, 1812)。在观察期间（2021-2023 年），就感染 L. botrana 的标本数量而言，这种寄生虫是最常见的，其出现频率是这些研究中记录的其他寄生虫的 2.7 倍。目前还缺乏关于欧洲葡萄蠹蛾周围形成的安倍半知更鸟寄生虫群的知识。了解克拉斯诺达尔地区阿纳帕-塔曼地区葡萄园中具有重要经济价值的主要害虫的营养关系，以此作为调节其数量的机制，有助于制定有效的生物保护措施来防治这种害虫。根据灭绝结果，揭示了寄生虫成虫飞行的季节动态，并与有害鳞翅目寄主的生命周期进行了比较。研究确定了瘤蝠对欧洲葡萄蠹蛾发育目标阶段的完全适应性。结论是该地区的多蚜虫对这种害虫的专门化。研究揭示了瘤蝠种群动态的特征，即在生长季节结束时，安培茧蛹中的膜翅目昆虫种群密度会增加。文献中关于瘤蝠的生物学数据得到了证实。
{"title":"ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE NATURAL POPULATION OF THE PARASITOID OF THE EROPEAN GRAPEVINE MOTH BASSUS TUMIDULUS (NEES, 1812) (HYM.: BRACONIDAE) ON THE TAMAN PENINSULA","authors":"Oleg Valerievich Orlov, E. Yurchenko","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-151-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-151-161","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studies of trophic relationships of Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera, Torticidae) in the «parasitoid - insect-host» system in ampelocenoses. For the first time for the Anapa-Taman viticulture zone of the Krasnodar region, the species Bassus tumidulus (Nees, 1812) (Microdus tumidulus (Nees von Esenbeck, 1812), Therophilus tumidulus (Nees von Esenbeck, 1812) was established as a mass natural enemy of the European grape moth in the conditions of industrial plantings of grapes. During the observation period (2021-2023), this type of parasitoid was the most common in terms of the number of infected specimens of L. botrana, its frequency of occurrence exceeded that of other parasitoids recorded in these studies by 2.7 times. There is a lack of knowledge of the parasitoid fauna in the consortia formed around the European grape moth in ampelocenoses. Knowledge of trophic relationships of the main economically significant pest of the vineyards of the Anapa-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region as a mechanism for regulating its abundance can help in the development of effective biologized protection measures in the fight against it. According to the results of extirpation, the seasonal dynamics of the flight of the adult parasitoid was revealed and compared with the life cycle of the harmful lepidopteran host. A complete adaptation of Bassus tumidulus to the target phases of the development of the European grape moth has been established. The conclusion is made about the specialization of the polyphage to this pest in the region. The characteristic features of Bassus tumidulus population dynamics were revealed, namely, an increase in the density of the hymenoptera population in ampelocenosis by the end of the growing season. The data of the biology of Bassus tumidulus, given in the literature, have been confirmed.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"77 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-108-120
G. Kiseleva, I. Ilina, V. Sokolova, N. Zaporozhets, A. A. Khokhlova
Monitoring of the key metabolite, the amino acid proline, in the grape plant is necessary to study the physiological mechanisms underlying the adaptive reactions of grapes in a changing climate. The purpose of this work is to study the dynamics of the content of free proline in various grape varieties, to identify varieties with increased resistance to low temperatures. The objects of research are grape varieties of various genetic origin: Kristall (control), Dostoynyi, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, Aligote, Zarif. The content of proline was determined by capillary electrophoresis on a Kapel 104R device according to a technique based on obtaining an electrophoregram using direct detection of the absorbing components of the sample. In January-February, the varieties Kristall, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg had an increased content of proline in comparison with the varieties Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif. In the shoots of the varieties Kristall,, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, it was 7.38-8.26 µg/g fresh weight; in Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif – 4.12-5.16 µg/g fresh weight. In the buds of the varieties Kristall, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, the content of proline was 7.92-9.21 µg/g fresh weight, in Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif – 4.57-5.90 µg/g fresh weight. After artificial freezing in the shoots of the varieties Kristall, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, the proline content increased by 1.13-1.23 times, in other studied varieties it almost did not change. It has been shown that proline plays a significant role in the implementation of the stressprotective reactions of grapes to low temperatures. It has been established that according to the dynamics of the free proline content, the varieties Crystal, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg are more resistant to low temperatures in comparison with the varieties Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF PROLINE IN STRESS-PROTECTIVE RESPONSES OF GRAPE (VITIS L.) TO LOW TEMPERATURES","authors":"G. Kiseleva, I. Ilina, V. Sokolova, N. Zaporozhets, A. A. Khokhlova","doi":"10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-108-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-108-120","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring of the key metabolite, the amino acid proline, in the grape plant is necessary to study the physiological mechanisms underlying the adaptive reactions of grapes in a changing climate. The purpose of this work is to study the dynamics of the content of free proline in various grape varieties, to identify varieties with increased resistance to low temperatures. The objects of research are grape varieties of various genetic origin: Kristall (control), Dostoynyi, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, Aligote, Zarif. The content of proline was determined by capillary electrophoresis on a Kapel 104R device according to a technique based on obtaining an electrophoregram using direct detection of the absorbing components of the sample. In January-February, the varieties Kristall, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg had an increased content of proline in comparison with the varieties Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif. In the shoots of the varieties Kristall,, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, it was 7.38-8.26 µg/g fresh weight; in Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif – 4.12-5.16 µg/g fresh weight. In the buds of the varieties Kristall, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, the content of proline was 7.92-9.21 µg/g fresh weight, in Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif – 4.57-5.90 µg/g fresh weight. After artificial freezing in the shoots of the varieties Kristall, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, the proline content increased by 1.13-1.23 times, in other studied varieties it almost did not change. It has been shown that proline plays a significant role in the implementation of the stressprotective reactions of grapes to low temperatures. It has been established that according to the dynamics of the free proline content, the varieties Crystal, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg are more resistant to low temperatures in comparison with the varieties Dostoynyi, Aligote, Zarif.","PeriodicalId":403575,"journal":{"name":"Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：