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BIREGIONAL COOPERATION FOR ADVANCING GAMIFICATION IN TRANSPORT POLICIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 开展跨区域合作,推动欧盟和拉丁美洲及加勒比地区交通政策和基础设施的游戏化
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.25019/EUROPOLITY.2020.14.2.7
I. Dodi
The globalization process is constantly growing and actors in the international scene have to find ways to adapt to the changes that this makeover involves. Therefore, there has been an increased cooperation between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean in many policy areas, including transport, especially in terms of access, affordability and sustainability. The Vienna Declaration of the Fourth ALC-UE Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2006 mentions the encouragement towards European and Latin American and Caribbean financial institutions to support physical integration by means of interconnectivity, network infrastructures, notably in the fields of energy, transport, telecommunications and research. The Lima Declaration of the Fifth ALC-UE Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2008 moves a step forward and comprises the fact that the states from the two regions will develop bi-regional energy cooperation regarding improvement of energy services, inter alia, in the metropolitan public transport. Moreover, the Madrid Declaration of the Sixth ALC-UE Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2010 refers to energy savings in all sectors of the economies, including transports, meanwhile the Santiago Declaration of the First UE-CELAC Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2013 prioritises the improvement of policies and providing, among others, adequately resourced basic health services, water and sanitation, housing, education, public transport and energy, besides strengthening the Latin America Investment Facility, to improve integration, energy and transport infrastructures, energy efficiency, renewable energy. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse best practice cases from both regions in terms of gamification of transport policies and infrastructure, in order to highlight the the potential of the biregional consolidated cooperation for advancing gamification (in view of modern, sustainable, affordable, efficient transport policies, networks and infrastructure), the financial and political instruments that can be used in this sense and the mutual benefits that it would bring for the participant actors.
全球化进程正在不断发展,国际舞台上的行动者必须设法适应这种变革所带来的变化。因此,欧洲联盟与拉丁美洲和加勒比之间在许多政策领域,包括运输,特别是在获取、负担能力和可持续性方面,加强了合作。2006年第四届ALC-UE国家元首和政府首脑会议《维也纳宣言》提到,鼓励欧洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比金融机构通过互联互通、网络基础设施,特别是在能源、交通、电信和研究领域,支持实体一体化。2008年第五届ALC-UE国家元首和政府首脑峰会利马宣言向前迈进了一步,其中包括两个地区的国家将在改善能源服务方面开展双区域能源合作,特别是在大都市公共交通方面。此外,2010年以来第六届拉美国家联盟-欧共体国家元首和政府首脑首脑会议的马德里宣言提到了包括运输在内的所有经济部门的节能,同时,2013年以来第一次拉美国家联盟-拉共体国家元首和政府首脑会议的圣地亚哥宣言优先考虑改善政策,除其他外,提供资源充足的基本保健服务、水和卫生、住房、教育、公共交通和能源。除了加强拉丁美洲投资基金,改善一体化、能源和交通基础设施、能源效率、可再生能源。因此,本文旨在分析两个地区在交通政策和基础设施游戏化方面的最佳实践案例,以突出两地区在推进游戏化方面的联合合作的潜力(考虑到现代、可持续、负担得起、高效的交通政策、网络和基础设施),在这个意义上可以使用的金融和政治工具,以及它将为参与者带来的共同利益。
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引用次数: 1
THE PRESENCE OF NEWER EU MEMBER STATES IN THE EUROPEAN EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE’S STAFF: THE CASE OF SLOVAKIA 新欧盟成员国在欧洲对外行动处的工作人员中的存在:斯洛伐克的例子
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.25019/EUROPOLITY.2020.14.2.10
Erik Pajtinka
The article evaluates the representation of Slovakia within the selected categories of the European External Action Service (EEAS) staff in 2012-2019 and drafts possible factors influencing the representation of Slovakia in this EU institution. The evaluation is based on the analysis of statistical data available in EEAS official documents, as well as empirical data obtained from interviews with EU diplomats working for the EEAS. It is concluded, Slovakia’s representation within the EEAS’s staff between 2012 and 2019 is was inadequate. This may be due to the Slovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ overall attitude toward the work of its diplomats in the EEAS, its career advancement system, and its institutional culture, and to the conditions under which applicants are selected to posts within the EEAS.
本文评估了斯洛伐克在2012-2019年欧洲对外行动处(EEAS)工作人员选定类别中的代表性,并起草了影响斯洛伐克在该欧盟机构中代表性的可能因素。该评估基于对EEAS官方文件中可用的统计数据的分析,以及对为EEAS工作的欧盟外交官的采访获得的经验数据。结论是,斯洛伐克在2012年至2019年期间在EEAS工作人员中的代表性不足。这可能是由于斯洛伐克外交部对其在欧洲经济区的外交官工作的总体态度、其职业晋升制度和机构文化,以及申请人在欧洲经济区内选择职位的条件。
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引用次数: 0
EX-POST EVALUATION DESIGN PROPOSAL FOR THE ROMANIAN YOUTH STRATEGY 2015-2020. AN ANALYSIS OF THE NGO SECTOR IMPACT ON THE RESULTS 罗马尼亚青年战略2015-2020的事后评价设计方案。分析ngo部门对结果的影响
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.25019/EUROPOLITY.2020.14.2.6
D. Dănilă, Snspa
Success or a lesson to learn? In this paper, I propose an evaluation design of the Romanian Youth Strategy 2015-2020 transformative effects, in which I argue for a participative evaluation process, promoting diversity, social justice, fairness and transparency. My focus is not only on the instruments for analyzing the objectives, results, resources and impact, but also on encouraging the development of the social values that are attached to this policy. The innovative elements of the suggested design are the introduction of the gender perspective and multiple discrimination and also the reflection on the influence of the NGO sector on the achieved results. It is expected this study to engage the evaluators and the readers interested in the youth issue in a debate for improving the process of assessing public policies and programmes.
成功还是要吸取教训?在本文中,我提出了罗马尼亚青年战略2015-2020变革效应的评估设计,其中我主张一个参与式的评估过程,促进多样性、社会正义、公平和透明度。我的重点不仅在于分析目标、结果、资源和影响的工具,而且在于鼓励发展与这项政策有关的社会价值。建议设计的创新之处在于引入性别视角和多重歧视,以及反思非政府组织部门对取得成果的影响。预期这项研究将使评价人员和对青年问题感兴趣的读者参与辩论,以改进评估公共政策和方案的过程。
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引用次数: 0
THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – A SOURCE FOR GEOPOLITICAL CHANGE? THE CASE OF EASTERN EUROPE 2019冠状病毒病大流行——地缘政治变革的源泉?以东欧为例
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.25019/EUROPOLITY.2020.14.2.3
O. Colibăşanu, Snspa
The world’s tectonics seem to be changing faster than before, considering the current Covid-19 pandemic. Understanding the general, global sources for change that drive the major powers’ national interests is key to understanding Eastern European geopolitical trends. This research paper looks at the impact the Covid-19 pandemic has had so far on the world, considering the main geopolitical questions that have been raised during the last nine months since the pandemic started. It also addresses the pandemic effects on Europe, focusing on the challenges for Eastern Europe during the short and medium term. Conclusions refer to the way the regional balancing act changes, depending on how the EU, the US, China and Russia change position globally and how their strategies intersect with one another and with those of the countries in the Eastern Europe.
考虑到目前的Covid-19大流行,世界的构造似乎比以前变化得更快。理解推动大国国家利益的变革的总体全球来源,是理解东欧地缘政治趋势的关键。本研究报告着眼于Covid-19大流行迄今为止对世界的影响,考虑到自大流行开始以来的过去9个月里提出的主要地缘政治问题。它还处理大流行病对欧洲的影响,重点是东欧在短期和中期面临的挑战。结论是指区域平衡行为的变化方式,取决于欧盟、美国、中国和俄罗斯如何改变全球地位,以及它们的战略如何相互交叉,以及与东欧国家的战略如何交叉。
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引用次数: 0
EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL AND THE NEW POLICY GOALS IN TRANSPORT AND MOBILITY - HOW GAMIFICATION CAN INFLUENCE PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR FOR CUTTING CARBON EMISSIONS IN THE EU 欧洲绿色协议和交通和机动性的新政策目标——游戏化如何影响欧盟减少碳排放的亲环境行为
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.25019/EUROPOLITY.2020.14.2.4
Miruna Butnaru-Troncotă, Snspa
Road traffic is one of the major sources of many of the worst pollutants, including carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide, carcinogenic particles and noise. The past decades have seen a dramatic rise in these harmful effects on human health, that proved to cause at the same time massive damage to the natural and built environment. In response to this aggravating situation, the new European Commission’s President Ursula von der Leyen placed as the centrepiece of her political mandate ‘the European Green Deal’, a comprehensive climate and nature package of measures to make Europe climate neutral by 2050. To reach this very ambitious goal, there is a need for very creative and efficient policy solutions. And this is the scope of the current study. As the sustainability concerns become vital for policy planning, the paper advocates for the need of all EU’s main stakeholders to realise the potential of ‘green gamification’ to help EU member states reach these ambitious policy goals, particularly in the field of transport and mobility - which are of crucial importance for overall CO2 reduction. Placed at the intersection of technology innovation and the need to find more efficient ways to protect the environment, ‘green gamification’ is an emerging concept that refers to the usage of game mechanics when it comes to engaging people, with the purpose to change their behaviour on sustainability issues. In short, it aims to motivate a sustainable behaviour within companies, institutions and citizens, with the use of interactive games, in order to fight against pollution and climate change. Applied to the field of transport and mobility, green gamification implies using strategies to cut carbon emissions especially by convincing people to reduce the use of private cars. But how can we better incentivise citizens’ behaviour for cutting carbon emissions and achieve the new EU transport and mobility policy goals for 2050? To tackle this relevant question the article aims to assess the potential of ‘green gamification’ to help EU member states reach these ambitious policy goals.
道路交通是许多最严重污染物的主要来源之一,包括二氧化碳、一氧化碳、致癌颗粒和噪音。过去几十年来,这些对人类健康的有害影响急剧增加,同时对自然环境和建筑环境造成巨大破坏。为了应对这一日益恶化的形势,新任欧盟委员会主席乌苏拉·冯德莱恩将“欧洲绿色协议”作为其政治任务的核心,这是一项全面的气候和自然一揽子措施,旨在到2050年使欧洲实现气候中和。为了实现这一雄心勃勃的目标,需要非常有创意和有效的政策解决方案。这是当前研究的范围。随着可持续性问题对政策规划变得至关重要,本文主张欧盟所有主要利益相关者都需要认识到“绿色游戏化”的潜力,以帮助欧盟成员国实现这些雄心勃勃的政策目标,特别是在运输和移动领域——这对总体二氧化碳减排至关重要。“绿色游戏化”是一个新兴的概念,涉及到技术创新和寻找更有效的方式来保护环境的需求,指的是在涉及到吸引人们时使用游戏机制,目的是改变他们在可持续性问题上的行为。简而言之,它旨在通过使用互动游戏来激励公司,机构和公民的可持续行为,以对抗污染和气候变化。绿色游戏化应用于交通和移动领域,意味着使用策略来减少碳排放,特别是通过说服人们减少使用私家车。但我们如何才能更好地激励公民减少碳排放的行为,并实现欧盟2050年新的交通和出行政策目标?为了解决这个相关问题,本文旨在评估“绿色游戏化”的潜力,以帮助欧盟成员国实现这些雄心勃勃的政策目标。
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引用次数: 3
THE CORONAVIRUS CRISIS AND THE ECONOMIC CRISIS. IS CAPITALISM AT A NEW TURNING POINT? 冠状病毒危机和经济危机。资本主义正处于一个新的转折点吗?
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.25019/EUROPOLITY.2020.14.2.1
D. Dăianu, Snspa
Mankind will prevail in the fierce war against the coronavirus, a hidden, treacherous foe that has been attacking randomly and leaving many human deaths behind. The struggle with this pandemic has an end in sight because we have effective weapons to combat it now, such as vaccines which are be used on a grand scale, worldwide. We will overcome the severe economic downturn as well; but this crisis will leave deep scars, given that economies are witnessing sweeping changes. These changes, adding to tensions and intricate issues and policy dilemmas that date back prior to the Pandemic and the current economic crisis, call for introspection, examination of economies’ functioning and a revisiting of public policies. The financial crisis that erupted a decade ago prodded social scientists and policy-makers to think about serious problems that afflict modern economies. In the text below I hook up with ideas that I have expressed in recent years and extrapolate them to the fallout from the current crises
冠状病毒是一个隐藏的、阴险的敌人,它随机袭击,造成许多人死亡,人类必将在这场激烈的战争中取得胜利。与这一流行病的斗争即将结束,因为我们现在有有效的武器来对付它,例如在世界范围内大规模使用的疫苗。我们也会克服严重的经济低迷;但鉴于各经济体正在经历翻天覆地的变化,这场危机将留下深深的伤痕。这些变化加剧了大流行和当前经济危机之前就已存在的紧张局势、错综复杂的问题和政策困境,要求我们进行反思,审查经济运作,并重新审视公共政策。十年前爆发的金融危机促使社会科学家和政策制定者思考困扰现代经济的严重问题。在下面的文章中,我结合了我近年来表达的一些观点,并将它们推断为当前危机的后果
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引用次数: 0
BLACK SEA SECURITY: THE ROMANIAN PERSPECTIVE NATO- EU INTEROPERABILITY, A DIVION OF LABOUR 黑海安全:罗马尼亚视角下的北约-欧盟互操作性,分工
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.25019/EUROPOLITY.2020.14.2.5
Olga R. Chiriac, Snspa
The current world order is under scrutiny. The 2014 illegal annexation of Crimea and the conflict in Eastern Ukraine have marked a turning point in international affairs: a state actor used force against another sovereign state to gain a territorial victory in order to advance its own geopolitical interests. Since then all major building blocks of the system, mainly the multilateral institutions such as the UN and NATO have been scrutinized and their effectiveness has been questioned. The significance of the individual nation state is gaining again in significance. It is more important than ever to find ways to repair transatlantic discord and to deepen cooperation between NATO and the EU, to recalibrate the strategic bedrock of the alliance and to reposition the transatlantic defence community in a way that facilitates effective defence and deterrence. It is the aim of the article to define and contextualize the Romanian official strategic vision and to outline how it in fact successfully synergies its membership in NATO and in the EU with bilateral partnerships in order to achieve its strategic goals as well as to contribute to the transatlantic cause. The paper starts by introducing the theoretical framework, mainly structural realism. Next, it defines the Romanian strategic view, it contextualizes it and it correlates the strategic priorities to the Black Sea area. The article focuses on EU NATO complementarity through a Romanian strategic lens by focusing on interoperability and crisis readiness in the Black Sea, an area of existential significance to the Romanian national interest. Finally, the conclusions underscore how the Romanian strategic paradigm creates an auspicious medium in order for NATO - EU complementarity and deeper cooperation to occur.
当前的世界秩序正在受到审视。2014年对克里米亚的非法吞并和乌克兰东部的冲突标志着国际事务的一个转折点:一个国家行为体对另一个主权国家使用武力,以获得领土胜利,以推进自己的地缘政治利益。从那时起,该体系的所有主要组成部分,主要是联合国和北约等多边机构都受到了审查,其有效性受到了质疑。单个民族国家的重要性再次获得重视。现在比以往任何时候都更重要的是,要想办法修复大西洋两岸的不和,深化北约与欧盟之间的合作,重新调整联盟的战略基石,重新定位大西洋两岸的防务共同体,以促进有效的防御和威慑。本文旨在界定罗马尼亚官方的战略愿景,并概述罗马尼亚如何成功地将其北约和欧盟成员国身份与双边伙伴关系相结合,以实现其战略目标,并为跨大西洋事业做出贡献。本文首先介绍了结构现实主义的理论框架。其次,它定义了罗马尼亚的战略观点,它将其置于背景中,并将战略重点与黑海地区联系起来。本文通过罗马尼亚的战略视角,通过关注黑海的互操作性和危机准备来关注欧盟与北约的互补性,这是一个对罗马尼亚国家利益具有存在意义的领域。最后,结论强调了罗马尼亚的战略范式如何为北约-欧盟的互补和更深层次的合作创造了一个有利的媒介。
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引用次数: 0
MIGRATION FROM THE MIDDLE EAST TO THE EUROPEAN UNION. A COMPLEX PHENOMENON 从中东到欧盟的移民。一个复杂的现象
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-12-20 DOI: 10.25019/europolity.2019.13.2.3
A. Dastan
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引用次数: 0
THE ROOTS OF ISLAMOPHOBIA IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE. THE RESULTS OF AN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH 当代欧洲伊斯兰恐惧症的根源。实证研究的结果
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-12-20 DOI: 10.25019/europolity.2019.13.2.8
O. Komurcu
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引用次数: 1
MAKING THE MOST OF THE EU INTERNAL MOBILITY - ROMANIAN CITIZENS’ MIGRATION TO THE UK IN THE CONTEXT OF BREXIT, A RACE AGAINST TIME 充分利用欧盟内部流动性——在英国脱欧背景下,罗马尼亚公民向英国移民,与时间赛跑
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-12-20 DOI: 10.25019/europolity.2019.13.2.10
A. Petrache
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引用次数: 0
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Europolity-Continuity and Change in European Governance
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