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2016 IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO)最新文献

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Hybrid BCI system to operate an electric wheelchair and a robotic arm for navigation and manipulation tasks 混合脑机接口系统操作电动轮椅和机械臂进行导航和操作任务
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736290
Fred Achic, J. Montero, C. Penaloza, F. Cuéllar
This research proposes an integral system combining a hybrid BCI interface and shared control system for navigation and manipulation applications. In particular, the system consists of an electrical wheelchair with an embedded robotic arm that can assist a user to achieve essencial tasks such as picking up a cup of water. The proposed system uses a graphic interface that allows the user to select the possible control tasks through EEG signals based of steady state visual evocked potentials (SSVEP). On the other hand, the wheelchair is controlled by cervical movements related to head movement obtained by inertial sensors that assign navigation commands to the wheelchair, while ultrasonic sensors allow obstacle detection. Experimental results demonstrate the viability of the system and potential use as assistive technology for patients with motor paralysis conditions.
本研究提出一种结合混合BCI介面与共用控制系统的整体系统,用于导航与操作应用。特别是,该系统由一个内置机械臂的电动轮椅组成,可以帮助用户完成诸如拿起一杯水之类的基本任务。该系统采用图形界面,允许用户通过基于稳态视觉诱发电位(SSVEP)的脑电图信号选择可能的控制任务。另一方面,轮椅通过与头部运动相关的颈部运动来控制,这些运动由惯性传感器获得,并向轮椅分配导航命令,而超声波传感器则可以检测障碍物。实验结果证明了该系统的可行性和作为运动瘫痪患者辅助技术的潜在用途。
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引用次数: 37
ANSHIN enhances social value of service robot 安信提升服务机器人的社会价值
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736247
T. Arai, H. Kamide, T. Fukuda
Anshin is a sort of mental state of human and has some values in Japanese daily life. Anshin will be explained in its meaning and in comparison with physical safety. The authors would assume that Anshin brings definite values to service robots and makes them more useful in their actual applications. The paper also discusses how robot can be provided with Anshin in a technical manner. One design process with the evaluation scale and the VR technique is discussed.
安心是人的一种精神状态,在日本人的日常生活中具有一定的价值。我们将解释安信的含义以及安信与物理安全的比较。作者会假设Anshin为服务机器人带来了明确的价值,并使它们在实际应用中更有用。本文还从技术上讨论了如何为机器人安装安信。讨论了一种结合评价量表和虚拟现实技术的设计过程。
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引用次数: 1
One being for two origins — A necessary awakening for the future of robotics 一个人有两个起源——这是机器人未来的必要觉醒
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736248
H. Kamide, M. Mori
In this article, the authors introduce a theory of “One being for Two origins” from a teaching of the Buddha to consider the unification of technology, nature, and human-beings. The theory of One being for Two origins has a contradictory structure, and it is difficult for those with a scientific background to fully understand. At the first step, we present a theory of values (the theory of the three aspects) as an introduction to the theory of One being for Two origins. The theory of three aspects explains a mechanism of how values such as the good and the bad emerge in front of us using three concepts of the good, the bad, and the “Muki”. Then the theory of One being for Two origins follows the theory of three aspects as the fundamental mechanism of the schemes of things. Through the theory of One being for Two origins, the authors discuss how humans become to be able to recognize the truth behind the language and any biases to avoid the conflicts among technology, nature and human-beings.
在这篇文章中,作者从佛陀的教导中引入了一种“一为二”的理论,以考虑技术,自然和人类的统一。“一为二”的理论结构矛盾,有科学背景的人很难完全理解。在第一步,我们提出了一个价值理论(三个方面的理论)作为一个理论的介绍为两个起源的一。三方面理论用“好”、“坏”和“Muki”三个概念解释了诸如“好”和“坏”等价值观如何出现在我们面前的机制。“一而为二”说遵循了“三方面说”作为事物图式的基本机制。通过“一而为二”的理论,作者探讨了人类如何能够认识到语言背后的真相和任何偏见,从而避免技术、自然和人类之间的冲突。
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引用次数: 1
A CPG-based control method for the rolling locomotion of a desert spider 基于cpg的沙漠蜘蛛滚动运动控制方法
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736289
Ruidong Shi, Xiuli Zhang, Yao-bin Tian, Shouyang Dong, Yan-an Yao
Desert spiders use rolling locomotion when escaping. According to this characteristic, a Central Pattern Generator (CPG) model based on Hopf nonlinear oscillators was proposed to control a spider robot's rolling locomotion. The spider robot was a spatial double-close-loop linkage structure driven by 6 motors. The position of each motor was controlled by Hopf oscillator coupled together. The dynamic simulations of the spider robot's rolling locomotion were conducted using Matlab Simulink and Adams. The robot achieved smooth and continuous rolling locomotion successfully. The biologically-inspired CPG control approach was validated for the closed-chain robot.
沙漠蜘蛛在逃跑时使用滚动运动。针对这一特点,提出了一种基于Hopf非线性振子的中心模式发生器(CPG)模型来控制蜘蛛机器人的滚动运动。该蜘蛛机器人是由6个电机驱动的空间双闭环连杆结构。各电机的位置由耦合在一起的Hopf振荡器控制。利用Matlab Simulink和Adams对蜘蛛机器人的滚动运动进行了动力学仿真。该机器人成功实现了平稳连续滚动运动。采用仿生CPG控制方法对闭链机器人进行了验证。
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引用次数: 11
A new approach to in-pipe locomotion, “QuestionMe” technique increasing open innovation efficiency in petroleum robotics 一种管内运动的新方法——“QuestionMe”技术提高了石油机器人的开放式创新效率
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736288
Bahadur Ibrahimov
Different locomotion approaches have been developed for different cases, working environments and distinctive competencies and not to be applicable for all purposes. For the developer it is hard and cost intensive to find the right way to build such a locomotion system for distinctive requisitions which should fulfill predefined requirements or to define the locomotion type of the robot intended to be developed. In most cases it ends up with re-inventing already existing solutions. This shows the need for a tool where the requirements get sorted and tool guides the user for the right research method and efficient use of the variables and resources to build in-pipe locomotion solution. In this paper the development stages of in-pipe robot locomotion will be discussed, variables will be defined and analyzed that are to be used as inputs of the technique and the cases of usage or the situation of the in-pipe inspection robot's development will be assessed. Then possible variations and outcomes will be analyzed as well as technique will be offered as an example of Open Innovation action for an optimized social impact of robotics.
不同的运动方法针对不同的情况、工作环境和不同的能力而发展,并不是适用于所有的目的。对于开发人员来说,找到正确的方法来构建这样一个运动系统,以满足预定的要求,或者定义要开发的机器人的运动类型,是困难和成本密集的。在大多数情况下,它最终以重新发明已经存在的解决方案而告终。这表明需要一个工具来对需求进行分类,并指导用户正确的研究方法,有效地利用变量和资源来构建管道内运动解决方案。本文将讨论管道内机器人运动的发展阶段,定义和分析将用作该技术输入的变量,并评估管道内检测机器人的使用案例或发展情况。然后分析可能的变化和结果,并提供技术作为开放创新行动的一个例子,以优化机器人的社会影响。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the automatic measurement algorithm of spherical valves 球阀自动测量算法的研究
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736279
Zong-Yi Wang, Yu-ren Ji, Xing-Jian Wang, Fuqiang Liu
In order to solve the inefficient production of spherical valves which are manufactured by manual template scribing, semi-automatic cutting on the track and manual test, this paper designs an automatic measurement algorithm which uses laser displacement sensor to measure sphere valves. First according to the divided flap of spherical tank and the outline requirements of spherical tank, establish the ideal model of the measurement trajectory. Then transform the ideal model of sphere valves to the practical situation. At last, use the actual measurement trajectory data to guide the machine to measure the sphere valves and process the measurement data by median filtering and moving average filtering. The practice shows that the algorithm is feasible and effective and has important practical significance to improve the efficiency and shorten the construction time.
为了解决球阀手工划模板、半自动轨迹切割、手工测试等生产效率低下的问题,设计了一种利用激光位移传感器对球阀进行自动测量的算法。首先根据球形罐的分瓣和球形罐的外形要求,建立理想的测量轨迹模型。然后将球阀的理想模型转化为实际情况。最后,利用实际测量轨迹数据指导机床对球阀进行测量,并对测量数据进行中值滤波和移动平均滤波处理。实践表明,该算法可行有效,对提高施工效率、缩短施工时间具有重要的现实意义。
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引用次数: 0
Design and verification of multi micro-manipulation strategies 多微操作策略的设计与验证
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736256
Guanghui Li, Tao Chen, Junjie Cao, Zhan Yang, Huicong Liu
This paper presents different micro-manipulation strategies on various micro-spheres and adaptive end-effectors. Adjustable multi-gripper platform was designed to carry out these strategies. Among these strategies, two kinds of mechanical clamping methods were established based on double-gripper. Three kinds of micro spheres were picked up in the experiments with adhesive force strategies. Triple-finger gripper was used to verify the clamping and releasing strategy. The end-effectors such as tungsten probes, fibers and AFM probes had been used. Spheres with diameters of 20 μm, 60 μm, 80 μm and 800 μm were used to verify these composite strategies. The materials of spheres are silica, iron and boron silicate. The results show that this design of strategies is closely adapted to the manipulation tools, end-effectors and vision systems.
本文介绍了不同微球和自适应末端执行器的微操作策略。设计了可调多夹持平台来实现这些策略。其中,建立了两种基于双夹持器的机械夹持方法。采用粘接策略对三种微球进行了吸附实验。采用三指夹持器对夹持和释放策略进行验证。末端执行器包括钨探针、纤维探针和AFM探针。用直径分别为20 μm、60 μm、80 μm和800 μm的球体对这些复合策略进行了验证。球体的材料是二氧化硅、铁和硅酸硼。结果表明,该策略设计与操作工具、末端执行器和视觉系统密切相关。
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引用次数: 1
An optimization algorithm to expand the reduced workspace with fixed-joint method for redundant manipulator 一种冗余度机械臂固定关节法扩展简化工作空间的优化算法
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736267
Youdong Chen, Yu Chen, Jiaxin Guo
In this paper, an optimization algorithm is proposed to settle the deficiency of fixed-joint method. The fixed-joint method leads to a reduced workspace which has some inaccessible points due to a special joint fixed. Since different fixed joint has different reduced workspace, we develop a method to make these workspaces mutual complementation. Manipulability is used to select the appropriate joint angle to be fixed in order to satisfy the given posture. By comparing 7-dof manipulator's real-time inverse kinematic solutions, we put forward detailed analysis of the workspace of the end-effector with different fixed joint angles. The kinematics simulation is implemented to verify the correctness of this method.
针对固定关节法的不足,提出了一种优化算法。固定关节法由于固定了一个特殊的关节,使工作空间减小,工作空间中存在一些不可接近的点。由于不同的固定关节具有不同的简化工作空间,我们开发了一种使这些工作空间相互补充的方法。可操纵性用于选择合适的关节角度来固定,以满足给定的姿态。通过对比七自由度机械手的实时运动学逆解,对不同固定关节角度下末端执行器的工作空间进行了详细分析。通过运动学仿真验证了该方法的正确性。
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引用次数: 3
Vision-based range finder for automated guided vehicle navigation 用于车辆自动导航的基于视觉的测距仪
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736272
M. Han, Ching-Yi Kuo, Nelson Yen-Chung Chang
Automated guided vehicle (AGV) plays an important role in modern factory automation. One basic guidance methodology, magnetic tape guidance has been widely utilized in most AGV systems for more than 20 years. However, in order to adopt the flexible production line changeover, free-ranging AGV is on-demand increasingly. In this study, a vision-based range finder, which includes a line-shaped laser transmitter and image sensor is designed and implemented for AGV navigation. The line-shaped laser transmitter transmits a line-shaped laser, and the image sensor senses the line-shaped laser to output a line-shaped laser image. The distance between object and range finder is estimated according the height position of laser line in line-shaped laser image. The experimental results show that the AGV integrated with the proposed vision-based range finder is able to navigate in a constructed hospital environment. The average location error is less than 1%.
自动导引车(AGV)在现代工厂自动化中起着重要作用。磁带制导作为一种基本制导方法,在AGV系统中得到了20多年的广泛应用。然而,为了适应灵活的生产线转换,自由放养AGV的需求越来越大。本文设计并实现了一种用于AGV导航的基于视觉的测距仪,该测距仪由线形激光发射器和图像传感器组成。线形激光发射器发射线形激光,图像传感器感知该线形激光输出线形激光图像。根据线形激光图像中激光线的高度位置估计目标与测距仪之间的距离。实验结果表明,集成了视觉测距仪的AGV能够在人造医院环境中进行导航。平均定位误差小于1%。
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引用次数: 6
Make Kilobots truly accessible to all the people around the world 让世界上所有的人都能真正接触到Kilobots
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736254
Nathan Tyler Thomas, Yanjun Yan
Kilobots are micro-robots originally designed by Rubenstein and Nagpal's research group to be inexpensive, quick to build, and versatile with many functionalities. Once Kilobots were made public in 2012, they have instantly become a valuable tool for empirical validation of swarm robotics and an entertaining instrument for educational demonstrations. However, although the original designs were publicly available, when the authors initially built the Kilobots by following the instructions, several issues occurred. The most challenging issue was about the calibration board. The authors reached out to several research groups world-wide and found out that others encountered similar issues. Most groups purchased their Kilobots from K-Team at a much higher price and with a long waiting time in the ordering process, defeating the purpose of Kilobots being inexpensive micro-robots that are quick to build. The authors were inspired to revise the design of the Kilobots, to make them truly accessible to all the researchers and educators around the world. The redesign is not an overhaul of the original design; instead, it is aimed at making the building process of Kilobots feasible and time-efficient. The main areas of the redesign are in PCB layout, distance calibration, and the associated documentation update. During the redesign process, the authors were very grateful for the help received from the inventors of the Kilobots and several other research groups. The final design has been tested in house and in another research group. The authors are also working on creating a website to present all the relevant information publicly and freely, so that Kilobots will be widely accessible to all the researchers and educators, gaining a greater social impact than that of now.
Kilobots是一种微型机器人,最初由鲁宾斯坦和纳格帕尔的研究小组设计,价格低廉,制造速度快,功能多样。kilbots在2012年问世后,立即成为了群体机器人经验验证的宝贵工具,也是教育演示的娱乐工具。然而,尽管最初的设计是公开的,当作者最初按照说明建造Kilobots时,出现了几个问题。最具挑战性的问题是关于校准板。作者联系了世界各地的几个研究小组,发现其他人也遇到了类似的问题。大多数团体以更高的价格从K-Team购买了他们的Kilobots,并且在订购过程中等待了很长时间,这违背了Kilobots作为廉价微型机器人的目的。作者受到启发,修改了Kilobots的设计,使世界各地的研究人员和教育工作者都能真正使用它们。重新设计不是对原设计的彻底修改;相反,它的目的是使Kilobots的建造过程可行且省时。重新设计的主要领域是PCB布局、距离校准和相关文档更新。在重新设计过程中,作者非常感谢从Kilobots的发明者和其他几个研究小组获得的帮助。最终的设计已经在公司内部和另一个研究小组进行了测试。作者还在努力创建一个网站,公开和自由地展示所有相关信息,以便所有研究人员和教育工作者都能广泛访问Kilobots,获得比现在更大的社会影响。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2016 IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO)
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