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2016 IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO)最新文献

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Weld seam detection based on visual saliency for autonomous welding robots 基于视觉显著性的自主焊接机器人焊缝检测
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736296
Na Li, Zhenhua Wang, Hui Xu, Lining Sun, Guodong Chen
Nowadays autonomous welding robots are gaining importance. Weld seam detection is a key technology in robotic welding which is usually performed using a visual system. In most existing vision-based approaches, traditional image processings are used to obtain weld seams. Generally, these approaches are sensitive to their surrounding environment, especially illumination. Therefore, we address the problem by introducing the visual attention mechanism of the primate. Firstly, image preprocessing is executed to block visual interferences. Secondly, a visual saliency model based on local contrast is proposed to emphasize weld seam candidates. Finally, some basic image processings are performed to extract the desired weld seam. In order to validate the proposed approach, experiments are carried out in different cases: two types of joints (butt and fillet joint) and three types of shapes (straight line, zigzag and curve). The results demonstrate that this method is effective and robust, and is useful for autonomous welding robots.
如今,自主焊接机器人越来越受到重视。焊缝检测是机器人焊接中的一项关键技术,通常采用视觉系统进行检测。在现有的基于视觉的方法中,大多采用传统的图像处理来获取焊缝。一般来说,这些方法对周围环境非常敏感,尤其是光照。因此,我们通过引入灵长类动物的视觉注意机制来解决这个问题。首先,对图像进行预处理,阻断视觉干扰。其次,提出了一种基于局部对比的视觉显著性模型来突出候选焊缝;最后,进行一些基本的图像处理以提取所需的焊缝。为了验证所提出的方法,在不同的情况下进行了实验:两种类型的连接(对接和倒角连接)和三种类型的形状(直线,之字形和曲线)。结果表明,该方法具有较好的鲁棒性和有效性,可用于自主焊接机器人。
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引用次数: 3
Robot system for the sustainable mobility assurance in the assistance and care 机器人系统在辅助和护理方面的可持续移动保障
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736252
S. Du, J. Schlattmann, S. Schulz, A. Seibel
In this paper, a digital prototype of a novel robot system for the sustainable mobility assurance in the assistance and care is presented. In contrast to established systems, the new robot system renounces totally the use of wheels as the locomotion concept and uses two serially arranged parallel kinematics (hexapods) instead. As a ride-on device, the system offers high mobility and is able to move forwards, backwards, and sidewards as well as automatically recognize and overcome obstacles. Furthermore, the telescopic motion of the legs enables the handling of steps, stairs, and low clearances.
本文提出了一种新型机器人系统的数字样机,用于辅助和护理的可持续移动保障。与已建立的系统相比,新的机器人系统完全放弃了使用车轮作为运动概念,而是使用两个串行排列的并联运动学(六足体)。作为一种骑乘设备,该系统具有高度的移动性,可以向前、向后、侧向移动,并能自动识别和克服障碍。此外,腿的伸缩运动使处理台阶,楼梯和低间隙。
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引用次数: 1
Performance improvement of a robot photographer using a multiple human detection system to activate the community 性能改进的机器人摄影师使用多人检测系统来激活社区
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736274
Kazuma Fujimoto, N. Matsuhira, Masayuki Murakami, Kazuhiro Sakashita, Toru Yamaguchi
Service robots for daily work activities have been anticipated for several years even though it is difficult for companies to estimate their market demand and future usage. To overcome these problems, various types of robots are to be developed and verified by demonstration tasks using standard software. If many developers use the standard software to develop robots, the possibility to find a killer application of the robots will be increased and the service robot market will be widespread. Thus, we developed a prototype of a robot photographer using Robotics Technology Middleware to activate the community. The robot was developed quickly and easily. However, the success rate for capturing pictures was low in various environments. Therefore, we analyzed the cause of failures and proposed a correction algorithm. To improve the robot performance, we developed a multiple human detection system with recovery motion.
尽管企业很难估计其市场需求和未来的使用情况,但用于日常工作活动的服务机器人已经出现了好几年。为了克服这些问题,需要开发各种类型的机器人,并使用标准软件通过演示任务进行验证。如果许多开发人员使用标准软件来开发机器人,那么找到机器人杀手级应用的可能性将会增加,服务机器人市场将会广泛。因此,我们使用机器人技术中间件开发了一个机器人摄影师的原型来激活社区。这种机器人研制起来又快又容易。然而,在各种环境中,捕获图片的成功率都很低。因此,我们分析了故障的原因,并提出了一种校正算法。为了提高机器人的性能,我们开发了一种具有恢复运动的多人检测系统。
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引用次数: 3
A state and fault prediction method based on RBF neural networks 基于RBF神经网络的状态与故障预测方法
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736285
Yong Tao, Jiaqi Zheng, Tianmiao Wang, Yaoguang Hu
A state and fault prediction method based on RBF neural networks is proposed. The agricultural machinery is chosen as the experimental object of the method. There are 4 health level, such as failure, hazardous, sub-healthy and healthy. Some data of different provinces have been obtained, the health level can be acquired by RBF neural networks. The mathematical model of agricultural machinery is difficult to be proposed in this paper, so the traditional control algorithm can't be used in agricultural machinery. However, the RBF neural networks can solve this problem. At the same time, some vital factors should be considered, such as mileages, rotational speed, stubble height, water temperature, oil pressure of agricultural machinery. The rotational speed and stubble height have a big effect on fault prediction of agriculture. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
提出了一种基于RBF神经网络的状态与故障预测方法。选择农业机械作为该方法的实验对象。健康等级分为失败、危险、亚健康和健康4个等级。获得了不同省份的数据,利用RBF神经网络可以获取健康水平。由于本文难以建立农业机械的数学模型,传统的控制算法无法应用于农业机械。而RBF神经网络可以解决这一问题。同时还要考虑一些至关重要的因素,如农机的行驶里程、转速、茬高、水温、油压等。转速和残茬高度对农业断层预测有很大影响。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 5
Research on welding penetration state recognition based on BP-Adaboost model for pulse GTAW welding dynamic process 基于BP-Adaboost模型的脉冲GTAW焊接动态过程焊透状态识别研究
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736264
N. Lv, Y. L. Xu, G. Fang, X. W. Yu, S. B. Chen
This paper proposed a new recognition model of analyzing the relationship between arc sound and penetration state. The experiment system is based on Robotic GTAW welding system with acoustic sensor and signal conditioner on it. The arc sound signal was firstly preprocessed to remove the influence of DC component and environmental noise. Then the features of arc sound signal were extracted and analysed in time and frequency domain. Finally, a new type of prediction model BP-Adaboost was built up to recognize different penetration state and welding quality through arc sound signal. The results showed that the new model had better prediction effect for the welding penetration state monitoring.
提出了一种分析电弧声与穿透状态关系的新识别模型。实验系统以机器人GTAW焊接系统为基础,在其上安装声传感器和信号调节器。首先对电弧声信号进行预处理,去除直流分量和环境噪声的影响。然后提取弧声信号的时域和频域特征并进行分析。最后,建立了一种新的预测模型BP-Adaboost,通过电弧声信号识别不同的焊透状态和焊接质量。结果表明,该模型对焊透状态监测具有较好的预测效果。
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引用次数: 4
Electron beam introduced Cu melting for CNT/Cu hybrid nanowire based on nanorobotics 基于纳米机器人的电子束导入铜熔化技术,用于制造 CNT/Cu 混合纳米线
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736278
Zhichao Chen, Zhan Yang, Tao Chen, Lining Sun
A method of making copper particles melting into mutil-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) will be presented in this paper. A nanorobotic manipulation system with multiple positioning degrees of freedom (DOFs) was used for the real time nanomanipulation. The nanorobotic manipulation system was constructed inside the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) specimen chamber to pick up MWCNT from MWCNT bulk without any other bounding except van der Waals force and measure the electrical properties of MWCNT and MWCNT/Cu hybrid nanowire. The electron beam was focused on a copper particle cluster of about 200 nm diameter, under SEM. After 5 minutes of electron beam focusing, the melting Cu started to climb into the MWCNT along the wall of the MWCNT. The electrical properties of MWCNT and MWCNT/Cu hybrid nanowire were measured through the model 4200 semiconductor characterization system (4200-SCS). Finally, the electrical properties of MWCNT and MWCNT/Cu hybrid nanowire were plotted on the I-V curves.
介绍了一种将铜颗粒熔化成多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)的方法。采用多定位自由度的纳米机器人操作系统进行实时纳米操作。在扫描电镜(SEM)样品室内构建纳米机器人操作系统,从MWCNT体中拾取除范德华力外没有任何其他边界的MWCNT,并测量MWCNT和MWCNT/Cu混合纳米线的电学性能。在扫描电镜下,电子束聚焦在直径约200 nm的铜颗粒簇上。经过5分钟的电子束聚焦后,熔化的Cu开始沿着MWCNT的壁向MWCNT内爬升。通过4200型半导体表征系统(4200- scs)测量了MWCNT和MWCNT/Cu混合纳米线的电学性能。最后,在I-V曲线上绘制了MWCNT和MWCNT/Cu杂化纳米线的电学性能。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of additional compensation shielding gas on stainless steel pulse MIG welding 附加补偿保护气体对不锈钢脉冲MIG焊的影响
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736269
C. Dong, J. Xue, X. M. Jiang
The paper proposes a novel processing method of additional shielding gas for compensation to overcome welding defects, which often occur when high temperature solid and liquid phase welds are exposed to air. This method properly modifies the current pulsed MIG welding device by adding an airflow control branch of shielding gas for compensation, so that weld formation of the high-temperature, solid-liquid phase from the welding torch nozzle can be manually intervened and secondary gas protection of the weld surface can be implemented. This modified welding device with additional airflow is then used to conduct bead-on-plate pulsed MIG welding experiments using 18-8 type austenitic stainless steel as the base material. The study of microstructure and physical properties of the weld indicates that after introducing a certain amount of shielding gas for compensation, not only is weld formation significantly improved, but there is also timely track and protection of the weld surface. This largely inhibits the occurrence of welding defects during high-speed pulsed MIG single-wire welding and helps improve welding efficiency, and this study might demonstrate the necessity of further research and exploration.
针对高温固液相焊缝暴露在空气中容易出现的焊接缺陷,提出了一种附加保护气体补偿的新工艺方法。该方法通过对电流脉冲MIG焊接装置进行适当修改,增加保护气体的气流控制支路进行补偿,从而实现对焊枪喷嘴高温固液相焊缝形成的人工干预,实现焊缝表面的二次气体保护。利用该改进的焊接装置和附加气流,以18-8型奥氏体不锈钢为基材,进行了焊珠对板脉冲MIG焊接实验。对焊缝微观组织和物理性能的研究表明,引入一定量的保护气体进行补偿后,不仅焊缝成形明显改善,而且焊缝表面得到了及时的跟踪和保护。这在很大程度上抑制了高速脉冲MIG单丝焊接过程中焊接缺陷的发生,有助于提高焊接效率,本研究表明了进一步研究和探索的必要性。
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引用次数: 6
Mixed logic dynamic model for the hybrid characteristics of the dual robotic welding process and system 双机器人焊接过程和系统混合特性的混合逻辑动态模型
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736299
Hao Zhou, Yinshui He, Yuxi Chen, Di Wu, Huabin Chen, Shanben Chen
The welding unit is an indispensable part of the welding flexible manufacturing system (WFMS). The local welding units welding system is a typical hybrid systems, not only continuous variables involved, but also discrete variables involved, and there are many uncertainties in the welding process. Mixed logical dynamical (MLD) approach is a more effective tool for hybrid system, and more suitable for intelligent robotic welding process, therefore MLD can effectively predict and control the state of robot motion and welding process. The purpose of this paper is to apply the MLD to model the dual robot motion process and welding power supply. The stability and reliability of the MLD architecture indicates that it is adapted to dual robotic welding process.
焊接单元是焊接柔性制造系统(WFMS)的重要组成部分。局部焊接单元焊接系统是一个典型的混合系统,既涉及连续变量,又涉及离散变量,在焊接过程中存在许多不确定性。混合逻辑动力学(MLD)方法是一种更有效的混合系统工具,更适用于智能机器人焊接过程,因此MLD可以有效地预测和控制机器人的运动状态和焊接过程。本文的目的是应用MLD对机器人的双运动过程和焊接电源进行建模。MLD体系结构的稳定性和可靠性表明,该体系结构适用于双机器人焊接工艺。
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引用次数: 1
Research on the key technology of vision sensor in robotic welding 机器人焊接中视觉传感器关键技术研究
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736268
Yanling Xu, N. Lv, Yu Han, Shanben Chen
With the popularization and development of welding robot, robotic intellectualized welding technology will be the main trend of future development. This paper mainly introduces some sensor technology of robotic welding intellectualization in Shanghai Jiao Tong University of China, especially the vision sensor, such as passive vision, active vision and active-passive vision technology, etc. All these studies are just the beginning, and deeper research is still needed.
随着焊接机器人的普及和发展,机器人智能化焊接技术将是未来发展的主要趋势。本文主要介绍了上海交通大学机器人焊接智能化的一些传感器技术,特别是视觉传感器,如被动视觉、主动视觉和主被动视觉技术等。所有这些研究都只是一个开始,还需要更深入的研究。
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引用次数: 8
OROCOS-based generic control system for a 6 DOF industrial manipulator 基于orocos的六自由度工业机械手通用控制系统
Pub Date : 2016-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/ARSO.2016.7736277
Gilbert K. Cheruiyot, Xiaoxiao Zhu, Q. Cao
This paper presents the design and implementation of a PC-based control application retrofitted to an existing industrial manipulator. The system uses the OROCOS component-based framework for real-time functionality as well as its infrastructure for software component interaction. This together with the use some of the provided libraries and built-in development tools allowed for a rapid development approach. Direct addressing of a PCI-based I/O card peripheral hardware is described and proposed as a solution to the perennial challenge of hardware I/O in Linux partly occasioned by a lack of support for device drivers. The result is a fully functional control application that provides standard manipulator functionality as well as on-board analysis tools and capacity for sensor-based extended functionality. Moreover the resulting scheme is based on generic hardware that is available commercially off-the-shelf and can thus be replicated in its entirety.
本文介绍了一种基于pc机的控制应用程序的设计和实现,该应用程序对现有的工业机械手进行了改造。该系统使用基于OROCOS组件的框架实现实时功能,并使用其基础架构实现软件组件交互。这与使用一些提供的库和内置开发工具一起允许快速开发方法。对基于pci的I/O卡外围硬件的直接寻址被描述和提出,作为解决Linux中硬件I/O长期挑战的一种解决方案,这种挑战部分是由于缺乏对设备驱动程序的支持而引起的。结果是一个功能齐全的控制应用程序,提供标准的机械手功能以及机载分析工具和基于传感器的扩展功能的能力。此外,由此产生的方案基于商业上现成的通用硬件,因此可以完整地复制。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2016 IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO)
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