The Prologue to the Prose Edda contains several arguments for the existence and attributes of superior beings. One is normally classified as a microcosm-macrocosm speculation, whereas it is in fact an analogical argument for the conclusion that the earth is a living and powerful being. Another, which is usually interpreted as a variant of traditional design arguments for the existence of God, proves to be an astronomical argument for the conclusion that there exists a mighty and powerful governor of the heavenly bodies. Finally, hypothetical arguments extend the attributes and domain of the governor of the heavens to the whole world.
{"title":"The Argument from Design in the Prologue to the Prose Edda","authors":"Gunnar Harðarson","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.5.112418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.5.112418","url":null,"abstract":"The Prologue to the Prose Edda contains several arguments for the existence and attributes of superior beings. One is normally classified as a microcosm-macrocosm speculation, whereas it is in fact an analogical argument for the conclusion that the earth is a living and powerful being. Another, which is usually interpreted as a variant of traditional design arguments for the existence of God, proves to be an astronomical argument for the conclusion that there exists a mighty and powerful governor of the heavenly bodies. Finally, hypothetical arguments extend the attributes and domain of the governor of the heavens to the whole world.","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"342 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123661950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ekphrasis and Surviving Imagery in Viking Scandinavia","authors":"S. H. Fuglesang","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.2.302724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.2.302724","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125331025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Power of the Spoken Word as Literary Motif and Ritual Practice in Old Norse Literature","authors":"C. Raudvere","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.2.3017470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.2.3017470","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122624583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article argues that post-medieval material is a key to understanding the enigmatic Old Norse god Loki. It seems that there were two Lokis: the mythological character and a vatte ‘domestic spirit’ living under or by the fireplace. The mythic character derived from this vatte, via the figure of the youth by the fireplace, parallel to the fairy tale Ash Lad who extensively overlaps with the Loki of myths. Loki and the Ash Lad are both indispensable super-providers yet unacceptable to the establishment; they are essentially ‘semi-otherworlders’. Hence there is no real contradiction between their beneficial and destructive activities.
{"title":"Loki, the Vätte, and the Ash Lad: A Study Combining Old Scandinavian and Late Material","authors":"E. Heide","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.1.102616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.1.102616","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that post-medieval material is a key to understanding the enigmatic Old Norse god Loki. It seems that there were two Lokis: the mythological character and a vatte ‘domestic spirit’ living under or by the fireplace. The mythic character derived from this vatte, via the figure of the youth by the fireplace, parallel to the fairy tale Ash Lad who extensively overlaps with the Loki of myths. Loki and the Ash Lad are both indispensable super-providers yet unacceptable to the establishment; they are essentially ‘semi-otherworlders’. Hence there is no real contradiction between their beneficial and destructive activities.","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129505563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present article provides a critical reading of the tale of King Haraldr harfagri and Snjofriðr. Comparison of its variants and an unrelated fourteenth-century Castilian story about the love of ...
{"title":"Mad Love: Myth, Kingship, and the Dissolution of the State","authors":"N. Meylan","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.5.116392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.5.116392","url":null,"abstract":"The present article provides a critical reading of the tale of King Haraldr harfagri and Snjofriðr. Comparison of its variants and an unrelated fourteenth-century Castilian story about the love of ...","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129729112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a theoretical support for the aims of theorizing the Viking Age as a diaspora, this paper reflects on the impact of diaspora on identity, especially gender. The concept of gender is considered from three positions and within the intellectual framework of gender archaeology. First, the development of a concept of gender as a fluid negotiated identity, made not given, is introduced. Thereafter the relationship between material culture and gender is considered, arguing that it is through material things and practices that gender gains substance and is experienced. Thirdly, the disruptive yet formative effects of diaspora are outlined from a gender perspective. Throughout the intellectual arguments are related to Viking-Age studies by reference to case studies within Viking-Age archaeology.
{"title":"Gender, Matrial Culture, and Identity in the Viking Diaspora","authors":"Marie Louise Stigsørensen","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.1.100680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.1.100680","url":null,"abstract":"As a theoretical support for the aims of theorizing the Viking Age as a diaspora, this paper reflects on the impact of diaspora on identity, especially gender. The concept of gender is considered from three positions and within the intellectual framework of gender archaeology. First, the development of a concept of gender as a fluid negotiated identity, made not given, is introduced. Thereafter the relationship between material culture and gender is considered, arguing that it is through material things and practices that gender gains substance and is experienced. Thirdly, the disruptive yet formative effects of diaspora are outlined from a gender perspective. Throughout the intellectual arguments are related to Viking-Age studies by reference to case studies within Viking-Age archaeology.","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121557571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines a variety of ninth- and tenth-century Norse objects, creative processes, and practices that challenge modern categories of sacred or secular through their intertwined practical and supernatural elements. Binding is the technique and motif of focus in examples from woodworking, metalworking, and textile production. Each example is analysed from a perspective considering the aesthetic, functional, and skill considerations and the belief system.
{"title":"Practical Fastenings of the Supernatural","authors":"Carrie Roy","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.1.100678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.1.100678","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines a variety of ninth- and tenth-century Norse objects, creative processes, and practices that challenge modern categories of sacred or secular through their intertwined practical and supernatural elements. Binding is the technique and motif of focus in examples from woodworking, metalworking, and textile production. Each example is analysed from a perspective considering the aesthetic, functional, and skill considerations and the belief system.","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127610692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article attempts to demonstrate how the interpretation of the ‘Conversion Verses’ of Hallfreðr vandraeðaskald can often depend heavily on the prose narrative of the sagas in which they are embedded. It is argued that the poet’s progression from one religion to another is merely an illusion constructed within the prose framework; when divorced from the wider saga context, Hallfreðr’s stanzas are shown to comprise not a linear sequence but a cluster of separate utterances in which the poet’s conversion is depicted multiple times through a variety of rhetorical lenses.
{"title":"The Many Conversions of Hallfreðr Vandræðaskáld","authors":"E. Goeres","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.1.102615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.1.102615","url":null,"abstract":"This article attempts to demonstrate how the interpretation of the ‘Conversion Verses’ of Hallfreðr vandraeðaskald can often depend heavily on the prose narrative of the sagas in which they are embedded. It is argued that the poet’s progression from one religion to another is merely an illusion constructed within the prose framework; when divorced from the wider saga context, Hallfreðr’s stanzas are shown to comprise not a linear sequence but a cluster of separate utterances in which the poet’s conversion is depicted multiple times through a variety of rhetorical lenses.","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132160494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A number of kennings in the extant corpus of skaldic poetry collocate a term for wind with a term for a giantess, the resultant referent identified by Snorri Sturluson in Skaldskaparmal as hugr, though that term is itself exemplified by Snorri in three wide-ranging lists of terms denoting desire, passion, and hostility. In his taxonomy of kenning types, Rudolf Meissner gathered together ‘wind of the giantess’ kennings and identified their referent as Sinn. A number of the examples in Meissner’s list, however, are based on Finnur Jonsson’s emended texts, necessitating a close examination of the manuscript evidence in each case. The analysis presented in this article places the ‘wind of the giantess’ kennings in the context of the well-attested kenning type ‘wind of the valkyrie’ in order to explore how the collocation of affect with a supernatural female figure appears to have operated in the skaldic imagination. While some of the examples in Meissner’s group suggest the referent ‘desire’, others seem to r...
{"title":"The ‘Wind of the Giantess’: Snorri Sturluson, Rudolf Meissner, and the Interpretation of Mythological Kennings along Taxonomic Lines","authors":"J. Quinn","doi":"10.1484/J.VMS.1.103199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VMS.1.103199","url":null,"abstract":"A number of kennings in the extant corpus of skaldic poetry collocate a term for wind with a term for a giantess, the resultant referent identified by Snorri Sturluson in Skaldskaparmal as hugr, though that term is itself exemplified by Snorri in three wide-ranging lists of terms denoting desire, passion, and hostility. In his taxonomy of kenning types, Rudolf Meissner gathered together ‘wind of the giantess’ kennings and identified their referent as Sinn. A number of the examples in Meissner’s list, however, are based on Finnur Jonsson’s emended texts, necessitating a close examination of the manuscript evidence in each case. The analysis presented in this article places the ‘wind of the giantess’ kennings in the context of the well-attested kenning type ‘wind of the valkyrie’ in order to explore how the collocation of affect with a supernatural female figure appears to have operated in the skaldic imagination. While some of the examples in Meissner’s group suggest the referent ‘desire’, others seem to r...","PeriodicalId":404438,"journal":{"name":"Viking and Medieval Scandinavia","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117084719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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