Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.4995/jisdm2022.2022.13698
W. Niemeier, D. Tengen
Since decades the discrepancy exists that geodesists monitor changes of the earth surface resp. large engineering structures with most-modern equipment, but the results are computed and presented in a suboptimal manner: In many cases, the displacements are computed in relation to reference (datum) stations, which are not stable over a long time. Aside, the variations of an object are presented as coordinates for representative points with time stamps or with displacements rates (absolute values or velocities). Finally, nowadays often we have continuous measuring sensors and data, but there is no complete concept to treat variations continuously within the coordinate approach. In this paper at first the problems are outlined and open questions are formulated. Then some ideas are presented, how to analyse and describe coordinates in a continuous manner, taking into account the classical concepts and thinking of the surveying profession. The new ideas start with the definition of a stable reference frame over time, followed by the introduction of time dependent coordinates. A specific objective is to deliver day-by-day precise reference coordinate values for different groups, working on monitoring with their own sensors and computational concepts in the same area. These concepts are applied to an extended monitoring network of the mining authority Ruhrkohle AG (RAG), responsible for the eternal obligations that the German hard coal mining industry has left behind. This RUHR-network is located in the federal state North-Rhine-Westphalia within German, where after 300 years of coal mining larger and irregular ground movements can be expected.
几十年来，测地线师监测地球表面温度变化的差异一直存在。大型工程结构采用最现代化的设备，但结果的计算和呈现方式并不理想:在许多情况下，位移是根据参考(基准)站计算的，这些参考(基准)站在很长一段时间内并不稳定。除此之外，物体的变化被表示为具有时间戳或位移率(绝对值或速度)的代表性点的坐标。最后，现在我们经常有连续的测量传感器和数据，但在坐标方法中没有完整的概念来连续处理变化。本文首先对问题进行了概述，并提出了开放性问题。在此基础上，结合测量专业的经典概念和思想，对如何连续地分析和描述坐标进行了探讨。新思想从定义随时间变化的稳定参考系开始，然后引入与时间相关的坐标。一个具体的目标是为不同的小组提供每天精确的参考座标值，用他们自己的传感器和计算概念在同一区域进行监测。这些概念适用于矿业管理局Ruhrkohle AG (RAG)的扩展监测网络，负责德国硬煤采矿业留下的永恒义务。这个ruhr网络位于德国的联邦州北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州，经过300年的煤炭开采，可以预期更大和不规则的地面运动。
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