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Social Capital and Social Trust: The State's Response in Facing the Spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia 社会资本与社会信任:国家应对新冠肺炎在印尼的传播
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.24197/st.2.2021.23-47
Tawakkal Baharuddin, S. Sairin, H. Jubba, Zuly Qodir, Achmad Nurmandi, Mega Hidayati
The main purpose of this study was to analyze the steps taken by the Indonesian government to implement different policies for its fight against COVID-19. The Indonesian government has taken various measures, most pertinently Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 cases. This study used a qualitative approach as a contextual study that sought to emphasize the meaning of a phenomenon in a COVID-19 pandemic situation. The purpose of qualitative research was to make a complex picture. Data analyzed were obtained from various sources, including the internet, such as online media and social media, and related literature.  Data were collected utilizing the Ncapture for the Nvivo feature. The time taken for analysis was from March to May 2020. In conducting the analysis, this study also used Nvivo 12 Plus software. This research reveals that the government policies, most importantly Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), triggered a decline in the public confidence. The increase in the number of positive cases of COVID-19 in various regions up to May 2020 has made government policies deemed not running optimally. Further, the crisis of confidence affects the community’s participatory pattern in combating the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Findings from this research suggest the need for a study on how government policies can work well and also supported by the public trust.
本研究的主要目的是分析印度尼西亚政府为实施抗击新冠肺炎的不同政策而采取的步骤。印度尼西亚政府已采取各种措施,尤其是大规模社会限制(PSBB),以减少新冠肺炎病例的传播。这项研究采用了定性方法作为背景研究,试图强调新冠肺炎大流行情况下现象的含义。定性研究的目的是描绘一幅复杂的画面。分析的数据来自各种来源,包括互联网,如在线媒体和社交媒体,以及相关文献。利用Nvivo特征的Ncapture收集数据。分析时间为2020年3月至5月。在进行分析时,本研究还使用了Nvivo 12 Plus软件。这项研究表明,政府的政策,最重要的是大规模社会限制(PSBB),引发了公众信心的下降。截至2020年5月,各地区新冠肺炎阳性病例数量的增加,使政府政策被认为运行不理想。此外,信任危机影响了社区在抗击新冠肺炎疫情在印度尼西亚蔓延方面的参与模式。这项研究的结果表明,有必要研究政府政策如何运作良好,并得到公众信任的支持。
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引用次数: 4
Sovereignty in Crisis: Deterritorialization Of State Sovereignty After Tsunami Aceh 2004 危机中的主权:2004年亚齐海啸后国家主权的非领土化
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.24197/ST.2.2021.72-93
Ratih Herningtyas, N. Kurniawan, Dafri Dafri, S. Surwandono
The main purpose of this study was to analyze how the concept of state sovereignty is experiencing a crisis due to a major natural disaster. By using the illustration of the 2004 Aceh earthquake and tsunami, the concept of state sovereignty has been explored in the abnormal situation arising from the disaster as the state was unable to carry out its functions and authorities properly. This article used qualitative approach to explore the dynamic relations or network between agency (material or non-material, such as state, NGO, International organization, media, norms, military equipment, army, natural resources etc); which construct sovereignty assemblage. The territorialization and deterritorialization of sovereignty is investigated by seeing four dimensions proposed by Baker and McGuirk. This article demonstrates that sovereignty is very dynamic, and its definition is constructed and continuously through mechanisms engaging multiple actors and specific processes. This research found that the state conception of sovereignty before and after the disaster has been so dynamic, constructed and reconstructed overtime, which is influenced by the dimension of multiplicity, processualism, labor, and uncertainty.
本研究的主要目的是分析国家主权概念如何因重大自然灾害而面临危机。以2004年亚齐地震和海啸为例,探讨了国家主权的概念,因为国家无法正确履行其职能和权力,因此在这场灾难引发的异常情况下。本文采用定性方法探讨了机构之间的动态关系或网络(物质或非物质的,如国家、非政府组织、国际组织、媒体、规范、军事装备、军队、自然资源等);它们构成了主权集合。从Baker和McGuirk提出的四个维度考察了主权的属地化和非属地化。这篇文章表明,主权是非常动态的,其定义是通过多个行动者和具体过程参与的机制不断构建的。本研究发现,灾难前后的国家主权观是动态的,是随着时间的推移而构建和重建的,这受到多重性、过程性、劳动性和不确定性维度的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Democracy without Contestation: The Victory of the Empty Box in the Local Election of Makassar City, South Sulawesi Indonesia in 2018 没有竞争的民主:2018年印尼南苏拉威西望加锡市地方选举中空盒子的胜利
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.24197/ST.2.2021.48-71
Titin Purwaningsih, B. Widodo
This study aims to explore how the political dynamics in the local election of Makassar City in 2018. In particular, this study reconnoitered the causes of the victory of empty box and analyze the role of political parties and incumbents in the candidacy process and election. Qualitative research methods were used in this research. Documentation was carried out to obtain data related to actor networks in the local election, vote acquisition, election regulations and as well as political party support in the local election, which is obtained from books, journals and news in the mass media. In addition, FGD was carried out from stakeholders inviting academics, students and NGO activists to obtain data and interpretations of the collected data. Qualitative descriptive analysis was carried out by interpreting the collected data, verifying and generalizing the data to conclude this research. This research revealed that the empty box in the local election of Makassar City is actually not an empty box, nonetheless it is the representation of the incumbent who was disqualified from the local elections. Most of the political parties supported the sole candidate formally. It was found that there was a difference between party policy at the local level and party policies at the national level. Further, the party decision making was found to be centralized.
本研究旨在探讨2018年望加锡市地方选举的政治动态。特别地,本研究探查了空箱获胜的原因,并分析了政党和现任者在候选过程和选举中的作用。本研究采用定性研究方法。通过文献资料获取地方选举行动者网络、获得选票、选举条例以及地方选举政党支持的相关数据,这些数据来源于书籍、期刊和大众传播媒介的新闻。此外,FGD还从利益相关者那里进行,邀请学者、学生和非政府组织活动家获取数据并对收集到的数据进行解释。通过对收集到的数据进行解释、验证和归纳,进行定性描述性分析,从而得出本研究的结论。本研究发现,望加锡市地方选举中的空盒子并非空盒子,而是被取消地方选举资格的现任者的代表。大多数政党正式支持唯一候选人。结果发现,党在地方层面的政策与党在全国层面的政策存在差异。此外,党的决策被发现是集中的。
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引用次数: 2
The Risk of Mainstreaming Economic Growth and Tourism on Preventing Covid-19 in Indonesia 将经济增长和旅游业纳入印尼防控新冠肺炎主流的风险
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.24197/st.2.2021.94-114
S. Surwandono, Muhammad Dedy Yanuar
The outbreak of Covid-19 has put serious pressure on the management of international tourism problems and Indonesia, being a tourist attraction, is not an exception. In this wake, the main purpose of this study was to analyze the dilemma of Indonesia’s health policy in maintaining the stream of tourism visitors as well as containing the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. Qualitative research methods were used in this research. Data collection was conducted through constitutional legislations, press releases from the Indonesian Covid-19 special task force and observations gathered from numerous public facilities which are mostly used by travellers such as airport, train and bus station. This research reveals that that the policy prioritizing to the safety of economic growth and tourism in the global pandemic context is inclined to be more contra-productive to the management of containing contagion. It was also found that the implementation of health protocols and restrictions on social activities is also claimed to be the most and efficient way to contain the contagion.
新冠肺炎疫情给国际旅游管理带来了巨大压力,作为旅游胜地的印尼也不例外。因此,本研究的主要目的是分析印度尼西亚在保持旅游游客流和遏制Covid-19大流行传播方面的卫生政策困境。本研究采用定性研究方法。通过宪法立法、印度尼西亚Covid-19特别工作组的新闻稿以及从机场、火车站和汽车站等旅客主要使用的众多公共设施收集的观察数据进行了数据收集。该研究表明,在全球大流行背景下,优先考虑经济增长和旅游安全的政策倾向于对控制传染病的管理产生更大的反效果。还发现,执行卫生议定书和限制社会活动也被认为是控制传染的最有效方法。
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引用次数: 1
Estado de la cuestión de la inteligencia artificial y los sistemas de aprendizaje autónomo 人工智能和自主学习系统问题的现状
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.24197/st.extra_2.2021.182-195
Carlos F Alastruey
En este artículo se muestra una panorámica actualizada de los avances, las posibilidades y el estado de la cuestión de la inteligencia artificial y algunas tecnologías relacionadas. El artículo tendrá la siguiente estructura: Introducción y panorámica general de la Inteligencia Artificial Ciencia de datos Comprensión del lenguaje Vehículos autónomos Edge computing Computación Cuántica Desafíos en el horizonte   La Inteligencia Artificial se podría definir como un conjunto de algoritmos que establecen una serie de pasos a seguir por un agente artificial para realizar un amplísimo rango de tareas. Estas “series de pasos” no se siguen de forma lineal sino condicional. El aprendizaje profundo se define como la capacidad de un ente artificial de aprender autónomamente. Se definen redes neuronales que imitan la estructura de nuestro cerebro a fin de albergar un gran conjunto de algoritmos para la toma de decisiones complejas.
本文概述了人工智能及其相关技术的进展、可能性和现状。本文将具有以下结构:人工智能数据科学的介绍和概述语言理解自主车辆边缘计算量子计算挑战展望人工智能可以定义为一组算法,这些算法设置了人工智能执行广泛任务所需遵循的一系列步骤。这些“步骤系列”不是线性的,而是有条件的。深度学习被定义为人工实体自主学习的能力。他们定义了模仿我们大脑结构的神经网络,以容纳一系列复杂决策的算法。
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引用次数: 0
Recopilar y vigilar: algunas consideraciones filosófico-jurídicas sobre inteligencia artificial 收集和监控:人工智能的一些哲学和法律考虑
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.24197/st.extra_2.2021.123-139
Roger Campione
Las aplicaciones basadas en la inteligencia artificial abren la posibilidad concreta de replicar en máquinas una capacidad de razonamiento similar a la humana, otorgando a estas la facultad de construir representaciones no programadas gracias al aprendizaje proporcionado por algoritmos y Big Data.  El abanico de inevitables dilemas que la aplicación de estos sistemas plantea en muchos ámbitos de la vida social resulta sobrecogedor y la dimensión normativa de la inteligencia artificial es evidentemente una de las más delicadas, por los intereses y principios que hay en juego. Se introducen aquí algunas consideraciones de orden iusfilosófico sobre las relaciones entre el derecho, la política y la vigilancia tecnológica.
基于人工智能的应用程序为在机器上复制类似于人类的推理能力开辟了具体的可能性,使机器能够通过算法和大数据提供的学习来构建未编程的表示。这些系统的应用在社会生活的许多领域造成的一系列不可避免的困境令人震惊,由于所涉及的利益和原则,人工智能的监管层面显然是最微妙的层面之一。这里介绍了关于法律、政策和技术监督之间关系的一些IUSFilosic考虑。
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引用次数: 0
Perfilación espacial mediante aprendizaje no supervisado de la opinión que distintos colectivos profesionales tienen respecto a la población juvenil nativa y extranjera 通过无监督学习对不同专业群体对本地和外国青年人口的看法进行空间分析
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-09-11 DOI: 10.24197/st.extra_2.2021.37-52
Rolando Oscar Grimaldo Santamaría, María Inmaculada Ruiz Fincias
El artículo tiene como objetivo determinar la existencia de perfiles en función de la agrupación de las opiniones que las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado (FFCCSE), los profesionales de intervención social directa con menores y población dedicada a otras ocupaciones laborales tienen respecto a la población juvenil nativa y extranjera en España. Para tal fin, se realizó un estudio de corte transeccional con alcance descriptivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta de 183 participantes divididos equitativamente entre los colectivos profesionales de interés. La recolección de la información se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario autoadministrado construido ad hoc para la investigación. Se aplicó para el análisis de datos un método de aprendizaje no supervisado de reducción de dimensión, análisis de correspondencias múltiples, para caracterizar espacialmente el comportamiento de las variables de estudio: opinión positiva, negativa o neutral según la ocupación del encuestado y el origen del niño, niña o adolescente. Entre los principales hallazgos se evidencia que las FFCCSE es el colectivo profesional asociado a los comentarios negativos, especialmente hacia los niños, niñas y adolescentes procedentes del Magreb. Los profesionales de intervención directa con menores se encuentran asociados a los comentarios positivos, resultando mejor valorados los menores procedentes de África Subsahariana. El procedimiento multivariante de correspondencia múltiple es una herramienta adecuada para caracterizar espacialmente estructuras subyacentes de los datos (perfiles).
条旨在确定存在定性意见池国家安全部门和部队(FFCCSE),社会参与专业人员与儿童直接和劳动人口从事其他职业方面有西班牙人和外国原住民青年人口。为此,我们进行了描述性横断面研究。该样本由183名参与者组成,平均分配给感兴趣的专业团体。在本研究中,我们使用了两种方法:一种是定性的,另一种是定量的。适用于数据分析维度减少无监督学习方法,多分类分析,以空间特征变量的行为研究:积极的意见,拒绝或中立住居的占领和儿童或青少年的源代码。在主要调查结果中,有证据表明,FFCCSE是与负面评论相关的专业群体,特别是对马格里布儿童和青少年的负面评论。对儿童进行直接干预的专业人员与积极的反馈联系在一起,来自撒哈拉以南非洲的儿童得到了更好的评价。多重对应的多元过程是一个合适的工具来描述数据的空间基础结构(概要文件)。
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引用次数: 0
Derecho internacional privado e inteligencia artificial: algunos retos e incertidumbres para el transporte en el siglo XXI 国际私法和人工智能:21世纪运输面临的一些挑战和不确定性
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-08-11 DOI: 10.24197/st.extra_2.2021.17-36
Unai Belintxon Martin
Este estudio tiene por objeto el análisis y valoración crítica sobre la incidencia del Libro Blanco sobre inteligencia artificial en el sector del transporte de mercancías y personas viajeras por carretera en la Unión Europea. En particular, el análisis de aquellas distorsiones que pudieran aflorar relacionadas con la inserción en el sector del transporte por carretera de vehículos pesados de carácter autónomo, la ausencia o no de regulación mercantil internacional sobre la materia y su incidencia sobre la política común de transportes vigente en la UE.  
这项研究的目的是对《人工智能白皮书》对欧盟公路货运和客运部门的影响进行分析和批判性评估。特别是,分析与将自主重型车辆纳入公路运输部门、是否缺乏这方面的国际贸易监管及其对欧盟现行共同运输政策的影响有关的可能出现的扭曲。
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引用次数: 0
Nuevas profesiones y TICs en las organizaciones turísticas: Ocupaciones, perfiles y competencias 旅游组织中的新职业和信息通信技术:职业、概况和能力
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-03-03 DOI: 10.24197/ST.EXTRA_1.2021.188-208
John Enrique Bermúdez-Tobón, M. Á. S RUBIO-GIL
Se identifican ocupaciones y labores emergentes en las nuevas profesiones relacionadas con las áreas STEAM, dentro del sector turístico; considerado como uno de los más influenciados por las TICs en las dos últimas décadas. Unas tares que se ha comprobado que afianzan una nueva cadena de valor tecnológica empresarial, y cuyos procesos, son asumidos desde la logística interna y externa de la empresa, las operaciones, el marketing y los servicios revalorizan el producto turístico. Es decir, unos procesos que caracterizan nuevos roles y competencias tecnológicas, que deben ser contempladas en la formación especializada.
确定与旅游部门STEAM领域相关的新职业中出现的职业和任务;被认为是过去二十年中受信息通信技术影响最大的国家之一。事实证明,这些缺陷加强了新的商业技术价值链,其流程由公司的内部和外部物流、运营、营销和服务承担,重新评估了旅游产品。换句话说,具有新角色和技术能力特征的过程,必须在专门培训中加以考虑。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of Women Political Participation in Parliament Correlates to Gender Issues in Indonesia 在印度尼西亚,妇女参政议会的影响与性别问题相关
IF 0.2 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-03-03 DOI: 10.24197/ST.EXTRA_1.2021.177-187
Rezki Satris, Kinanti Rizsa Sabilla
This paper discussed the influence of gender political participation in parliament in advocating gender issues. The quantity of women representation in parliament was increasing according to election contestation. Meanwhile, the concept of representation of women by adopting from Anne Philips mentioned that the presence of political representation occurred due to an imbalance between social classes men and women. Recently, there is evidence that women have a role in public. Thus, politic which interpreted as a presence of thinking could be a basis of political liberation for women in parliament by women activists to take a role in legislative.  This paper deeply analyzes the influence of women advocating for gender issues. The research method used in this research was a qualitative approach to understanding the phenomena in the background of specific contextual. The result revealed that women have an influence on all policies form which correlates to women's issues through the promotion movement in the level of decision making. In the condition of women, roles could affect significantly on gender issues in Indonesia.
本文探讨了议会性别政治参与对倡导性别问题的影响。议会中妇女代表的数量随着选举的角逐而增加。同时,安妮·菲利普斯(Anne Philips)的女性代表性概念提到,政治代表性的存在是由于社会阶层男女之间的不平衡而产生的。最近,有证据表明女性在公共场合发挥了作用。因此,被解释为思想存在的政治可以成为妇女积极分子在立法中发挥作用的议会中妇女政治解放的基础。本文深入分析了女性倡导性别问题的影响。本研究采用的研究方法是定性的方法来理解特定语境背景下的现象。结果表明,妇女通过促进运动在决策一级对与妇女问题有关的所有政策形式产生影响。在妇女的情况下,角色可以对印度尼西亚的性别问题产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 1
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