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2019 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR)最新文献

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A Novel Task-Specific Upper-Extremity Rehabilitation System with Interactive Game-Based Interface for Stroke Patients 一种基于互动游戏界面的脑卒中患者上肢康复系统
Pub Date : 2019-05-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710184
Veena Jayasree-Krishnan, Dhruv Gamdha, Brian S. Goldberg, Shramana Ghosh, P. Raghavan, V. Kapila
We present a novel task-specific upper-extremity rehabilitation system that uses an instrumented cup and an interactive gaming environment to promote patient engagement during repetitive rehabilitative exercise. The designed system tracks the movement of the cup as a stroke patient uses her forearm to perform a complex goal-oriented and task-specific activity, namely, grasping, lifting, and tilting the cup to drink from it. A force sensitive resistive sensor is mounted on the cup to constantly monitor the grasp force and the cup is endowed with rich features allowing a webcam to track and estimate its location and pose with the aid of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms. This bi-manual forearm rehabilitation system is designed to enable stroke patients to perform an activity of daily living, namely, grasping, lifting, and tilting, repetitively, at their home as an exercise, so that they can relearn the motions of arm, wrist, and hand related to drinking.
我们提出了一种新的特定任务的上肢康复系统,该系统使用仪器杯和交互式游戏环境来促进患者在重复性康复运动中的参与。当中风患者用前臂进行复杂的目标导向和特定任务的活动,即抓握、举起和倾斜杯子喝水时,所设计的系统会跟踪杯子的运动。杯子上安装了一个力敏电阻传感器,以不断监测抓取力,杯子具有丰富的功能,允许网络摄像头在最先进的机器学习算法的帮助下跟踪和估计其位置和姿势。该双手前臂康复系统旨在使中风患者能够在家中进行重复性的日常生活活动,即抓握、举举和倾斜,从而重新学习与饮酒相关的手臂、手腕和手的动作。
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引用次数: 7
Towards the development of a voice-controlled exoskeleton system for restoring hand function 开发声控外骨骼系统,恢复手部功能
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710195
Xuefeng Wang, Phillip Tran, Sarah M. Callahan, S. Wolf, J. Desai
Spinal cord injury (SCI) to the C-5 area causes loss of fine motor control in the hand and fingers. Stroke often causes hemiparesis, which impairs arm and hand function. Both afflictions render the individual unable to complete activities of daily living (ADL). In this work, an exotendon glove system is designed for repetitive task practice (RTP) to improve the efficacy of hand and finger function rehabilitation in spinal cord injury patients. Common ADL tasks are evaluated through correlation analysis to aid in the design of the exotendon glove. A novel slack-enabling mechanism is introduced and a smartphone app voice control interface is developed to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the exotendon glove. The range-of-motion (ROM) of the exotendon glove in individual finger movement and ADL tasks is experimentally identified, and the performance of the exotendon glove in ADL tasks is experimentally evaluated.
C-5区的脊髓损伤(SCI)导致手部和手指精细运动控制的丧失。中风通常会导致偏瘫,从而损害手臂和手的功能。这两种疾病都使患者无法完成日常生活活动(ADL)。为了提高脊髓损伤患者手部和手指功能的康复效果,设计了一种用于重复性任务练习(RTP)的外肌腱手套系统。通过相关分析来评估常见的ADL任务,以帮助外肌腱手套的设计。为了提高外肌腱手套的效率和有效性,研究人员引入了一种新颖的松弛机制,并开发了智能手机应用程序语音控制界面。实验确定了外肌腱手套在单个手指运动和ADL任务中的运动范围,并对外肌腱手套在ADL任务中的性能进行了实验评估。
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引用次数: 10
Grasp Taxonomy for Robot Assistants Inferred from Finger Pressure and Flexion 基于手指压力和弯曲推断的机器人助手抓取分类
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710191
Bahareh Abbasi, M. Sharifzadeh, E. Noohi, S. Parastegari, M. Žefran
Grasp is an integral part of manipulation actions in activities of daily living and programming by demonstration is a powerful paradigm for teaching the assistive robots how to perform a grasp. Since finger configuration and finger force are the fundamental features that need to be controlled during a grasp, using these variables is a natural choice for learning by demonstration. An important question then becomes whether the existing grasp taxonomies are appropriate when one considers these modalities. The goal of our paper is to answer this question by investigating grasp patterns that can be inferred from a static analysis of the grasp data, as the object is securely grasped. Human grasp data is measured using a newly developed data glove. The data includes pressure sensor measurements from eighteen areas of the hand, and measurements from bend sensors placed at finger joints. The pressure sensor measurements are calibrated and mapped into force by employing a novel data-driven approach. Unsupervised learning is used to identify patterns for different grasp types. Multiple clustering algorithms are used to partition the data. When the results are taken in aggregate, 25 human grasp types are reduced to 9 different clusters.
抓取是日常生活活动中操作动作的重要组成部分,演示编程是教授辅助机器人如何进行抓取的有力范例。由于手指的结构和手指的力量是抓握过程中需要控制的基本特征,使用这些变量是通过演示学习的自然选择。一个重要的问题是,当人们考虑这些模式时,现有的掌握分类法是否合适。我们论文的目标是通过研究抓取模式来回答这个问题,这些模式可以从抓取数据的静态分析中推断出来,因为对象是安全抓取的。人类抓握数据是用一种新开发的数据手套测量的。这些数据包括来自手部18个部位的压力传感器测量值,以及来自放置在手指关节的弯曲传感器的测量值。通过采用新颖的数据驱动方法,对压力传感器的测量结果进行校准和映射。无监督学习用于识别不同抓取类型的模式。采用多种聚类算法对数据进行分区。当结果汇总时,25种人类抓取类型被减少到9种不同的集群。
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引用次数: 2
Surface Model Extraction from Indentation Curves of Hyperelastic Simulation for Abnormality Detection 基于压痕曲线的超弹性模拟表面模型提取及其异常检测
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710188
Yingqiao Yang, K. Yung, Robert T. W. Hung, J. Foster, K. Yu
Manual palpation for the detection of anomalies is not possible through the small incisions of Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery. The proposed novel approach allows robotic palpation by deforming the tissue surface with an indenter and analyzing the corresponding induced surface shape for indications of the abnormalities underneath. Three-dimensional hyperelastic finite element models were used to simulate the tool-tissue interaction of a hemispherical indenter pushing downwards onto the tissue surface. Curve fitting methods were employed to characterize the indentation curve of the deformed surface of either normal or abnormal tissue with an empirical equation. By analyzing these equations, we developed volume-based and gradient-based methods to investigate how the tumor position affects the surface deformation behavior of the tissue.The results of the simulations indicate that there are obvious differences in the surface deformation between healthy and diseased tissue, due to the higher stiffness of the tumor. A significant advantage of the proposed method is that it greatly broadens the detection area by providing estimates on the direction and distance of the tumor from the surrounding area of the indentation site, compared with previous studies only predicting the presence of a tumor in the contact area.
通过机器人微创手术的小切口,手工触诊检测异常是不可能的。提出的新方法允许机器人触诊,通过用压头变形组织表面,并分析相应的诱导表面形状,以发现下面的异常迹象。采用三维超弹性有限元模型模拟了半球形压头向下推入组织表面时刀具与组织的相互作用。采用曲线拟合的方法,用经验方程对正常和异常组织变形表面的压痕曲线进行表征。通过分析这些方程,我们开发了基于体积和基于梯度的方法来研究肿瘤位置如何影响组织的表面变形行为。模拟结果表明,由于肿瘤的刚度较高,健康组织和病变组织的表面变形存在明显差异。该方法的一个显著优点是,与以往的研究只预测肿瘤在接触区域的存在相比,它通过提供肿瘤与压痕部位周围区域的方向和距离的估计,大大拓宽了检测范围。
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引用次数: 0
Design of a robotic instrument for minimally invasive waterjet surgery 微创水射流手术机器人器械的设计
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710186
C. Schlenk, Andrea Schwier, M. Heiss, T. Bahls, A. Albu-Schäffer
Using a pressurized waterjet for cutting or abrasing tissue is a well established method in surgery. This paper presents a robotic tool for minimally invasive waterjet surgery with two degrees of freedom, integrated suction and an optional splash protection. The function of the tool and the effect of the splash protection on the suction of the applicated water was successfully evaluated in tests with ballistic gelatine. Based on this evaluated design, a concept for further increasing the oscillation frequency of the instrument tip is introduced and the results of preliminary tests of a simplified mockup are shown.
在外科手术中,使用高压水射流切割或磨擦组织是一种成熟的方法。本文介绍了一种用于微创水射流手术的机器人工具,该工具具有两个自由度,集成吸力和可选的飞溅保护。在弹道明胶试验中,成功地评估了工具的功能和防溅对所涂水吸力的影响。在此基础上,提出了进一步提高仪器尖端振荡频率的概念,并给出了简化模型的初步测试结果。
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引用次数: 2
Automatic Detection of Needle Puncture in a Simulated Cannulation Task 模拟插管任务中针头穿刺的自动检测
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710181
Jianxin Gao, Irfan Kil, R. Groff, R. Singapogu
Cannulation for hemodialysis is the process of inserting a tube into the body for removal or delivery of fluids. The cannulation process can cause several problems if the bottom of the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or graft vessel wall is punctured by the dialysis needle. One of the main reasons for improper cannulation is the lack of skill in performing the various steps of cannulation: palpation to diagnose fistula health, needle entry, obtaining blood into cannula (termed “flashback”), and threading the needle. In this paper, we introduce a method for automatic detection of needle insertion in a simulated fistula that can be used for assessment and training of cannulation skills. Initial validation studies suggest that the algorithm is successful in detecting puncture within 0.1s on average and within 0.5s in the worst case. In the future, we will incorporate needle insertion detection into a simulator for objectively examining assessment and training of hemodialysis cannulation skills.
血液透析的插管是将一根管子插入体内以取出或输送液体的过程。如果透析针刺穿动静脉瘘(AVF)的底部或移植物血管壁,插管过程可能会引起一些问题。插管不当的主要原因之一是缺乏执行插管各个步骤的技能:触诊诊断瘘管健康、针头进入、将血液注入插管(称为“闪回”)和穿刺针。在本文中,我们介绍了一种自动检测针头插入模拟瘘管的方法,可用于评估和培训插管技能。初步验证研究表明,该算法可以成功地在平均0.1s内检测到穿刺,最坏情况下在0.5s内检测到穿刺。在未来,我们将把针插入检测纳入到一个模拟器中,以客观地检查血液透析插管技能的评估和培训。
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引用次数: 1
Augmented Reality Application for Aiding Tumor Resection in Skull-Base Surgery 增强现实技术在颅底外科辅助肿瘤切除中的应用
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710203
Niveditha Kalavakonda, L. Sekhar, B. Hannaford
Treatment of cancer patients has improved with advances in tumor resection techniques for skull-base surgery. However, a secondary procedure or chemotherapy is often required to treat residual tumor to prevent recurrence. With the advent of assistive technology, such as augmented reality, a myriad of possibilities have been facilitated for the field of surgery. This work explores the development of an augmented reality application to improving the tumor margin excised during surgical procedures, with a focus on skull-base surgery. An isosurface reconstruction algorithm was integrated with the Microsoft HoloLens, a self-contained holographic computer, to enable visualization of Computed Tomography (CT) imaging superimposed in 3D on the patient. The results suggest that though the device has limitations at its current stage, the Microsoft HoloLens could be used for planning and overlaying the imaging information on the patient for removal of lesions in real-time. The modules developed could also be extended to other types of surgery involving visualization of Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) files.
随着颅底手术肿瘤切除技术的进步,癌症患者的治疗得到了改善。然而,通常需要二次手术或化疗来治疗残余肿瘤以防止复发。随着增强现实等辅助技术的出现,为外科领域提供了无数的可能性。这项工作探讨了增强现实应用的发展,以改善手术过程中切除的肿瘤边缘,重点是颅底手术。将等值面重建算法与Microsoft HoloLens(一种独立的全息计算机)集成在一起,以实现叠加在患者身上的三维计算机断层扫描(CT)图像的可视化。结果表明,虽然该设备在目前阶段有局限性,但微软HoloLens可以用于规划和覆盖患者的成像信息,以实时切除病变。开发的模块也可以扩展到其他类型的手术,包括医学数字成像和通信(DICOM)文件的可视化。
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引用次数: 7
Optimizing Robot-Assisted Surgery Suture Plans to Avoid Joint Limits and Singularities 优化机器人辅助手术缝合计划,避免关节限制和奇点
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710194
Brijen Thananjeyan, A. Tanwani, Jessica J. Ji, Danyal Fer, Vatsal Patel, S. Krishnan, Ken Goldberg
Laparoscopic robots such as the da Vinci Research Kit encounter joint limits and singularities during procedures, leading to errors and prolonged operating times. We propose the Circle Suture Placement Problem to optimize the location and direction of four evenly-spaced stay sutures on surgical mesh for robot-assisted hernia surgery. We present an algorithm for this problem that runs in 0.4 seconds on a desktop equipped with commodity hardware. Simulated results integrating data from expert surgeon demonstrations suggest that optimizing over both suture position and direction increases dexterity reward by 11%-57% over baseline algorithms that optimize over either suture position or direction only.
像达芬奇研究套件这样的腹腔镜机器人在手术过程中会遇到关节极限和奇点,导致错误和延长手术时间。我们提出了圆形缝线放置问题,以优化手术补片上四个均匀间隔的缝线的位置和方向,用于机器人辅助疝气手术。我们提出了一个解决这个问题的算法,该算法在配备普通硬件的桌面上运行0.4秒。整合专家外科医生演示数据的模拟结果表明,与仅优化缝合位置或方向的基线算法相比,优化缝合位置和方向可使灵巧性奖励提高11%-57%。
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引用次数: 10
Multicamera 3D Reconstruction of Dynamic Surgical Cavities: Camera Grouping and Pair Sequencing 动态手术腔的多相机三维重建:相机分组和对排序
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710190
Yun-Hsuan Su, Kevin Huang, B. Hannaford
Dynamic 3D reconstruction of surgical cavities is essential in a wide range of computer-assisted surgical intervention applications, including but not limited to surgical guidance, pre-operative image registration and vision-based force estimation. According to a survey on vision based 3D reconstruction for abdominal minimally invasive surgery (MIS) [1], real-time 3D reconstruction and tissue deformation recovery remain open challenges to researchers. The main challenges include specular reflections from the wet tissue surface and the highly dynamic nature of abdominal surgical scenes. This work aims to overcome these obstacles by using multiple viewpoint and independently moving RGB cameras to generate an accurate measurement of tissue deformation at the volume of interest (VOI), and proposes a novel efficient camera pairing algorithm. Experimental results validate the proposed camera grouping and pair sequencing, and were evaluated with the Raven-II [2] surgical robot system for tool navigation, the Medtronic Stealth Station s7 surgical navigation system for real-time camera pose monitoring, and the Space Spider white light scanner to derive the ground truth 3D model.
手术腔的动态三维重建在广泛的计算机辅助手术干预应用中是必不可少的,包括但不限于手术指导、术前图像配准和基于视觉的力估计。根据一项关于腹部微创手术(MIS)基于视觉的三维重建的调查[1],实时三维重建和组织变形恢复仍然是研究人员面临的挑战。主要的挑战包括湿组织表面的镜面反射和腹部手术场景的高度动态性。本研究旨在克服这些障碍,利用多视点和独立移动的RGB相机来产生感兴趣体积(VOI)下组织变形的精确测量,并提出了一种新的高效相机配对算法。实验结果验证了所提出的相机分组和配对排序,并使用Raven-II[2]手术机器人系统进行工具导航,Medtronic Stealth Station s7手术导航系统进行实时相机姿态监测,以及Space Spider白光扫描仪进行评估,以获得地面真实3D模型。
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引用次数: 11
A Smartphone and Permanent Magnet-based Needle Guidance System 基于智能手机和永磁体的导针系统
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710201
Zhuo Zhao, Z. Tse
The use of an image-guided percutaneous needlebased method is on the rise. The accuracy of this method is highly depended on the placement of needle. An accurate placement minimizes patient risks and improves their health outcome. Combining this method with a needle guidance system allows the accuracy to improve significantly. In this paper, we developed a low-cost needle guidance system based on a magnet and smartphone to improve the accuracy of image-guided percutaneous needle-based method. The developed system can achieve tracking for both translation and angulation. The open air tests show that the system has an average radial error of 0.83 mm for translation tracking. For angulation tracking, the average errors were 0.71° and 0.61° for left-right angulation and anterior-posterior angulation, respectively. The accuracy is comparable to some commercially available tracking devices. The proposed method shows enormous potential for various clinical applications.
使用图像引导的经皮针为基础的方法正在上升。这种方法的准确度在很大程度上取决于针的位置。准确的位置可以最大限度地减少患者的风险并改善他们的健康结果。将这种方法与针导向系统相结合,可以显着提高精度。本文开发了一种基于磁铁和智能手机的低成本导针系统,以提高图像引导经皮穿刺法的准确性。所开发的系统可以同时实现平移和角度的跟踪。露天试验表明,该系统平移跟踪的平均径向误差为0.83 mm。在角度跟踪方面,左右成角和前后成角的平均误差分别为0.71°和0.61°。其精度可与一些市售跟踪设备相媲美。该方法在各种临床应用中显示出巨大的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2019 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR)
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