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De las Guerras a los Conflictos Armados Internos: la Guerra del Pacífico y el Conflicto Armado Interno Colombiano 从战争到国内武装冲突:太平洋战争和哥伦比亚国内武装冲突
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-08-18 DOI: 10.25213/1794-4384/1302.015
Andrés Felipe Rivera-Ramírez
Un conflicto armado internacional implica el enfrentamiento entre dos o más estados, los cuales quieren imponer su voluntad a través del uso de la fuerza. La guerra del Pacífico fue una lucha entre tres (3) naciones hermanas, Chile, Perú y Bolivia. Las causas se pueden delimitar en tres (3): Incumplimiento de tratados internacionales anteriormente ratificados, interés por territorios fronterizos y descontento por los limites heredados por parte de la corona española en la época colonial. La pugna tuvo lugar tanto en escenarios terrestres como marítimos y produjo las ya conocidas consecuencias de cualquier enfrentamiento bélico. Sin embargo, algunas partes salieron mucho más beneficiadas al final de la guerra. Igual hecho sucedido en el conflicto interno colombiano, el cual tuvo una trascendencia histórica y una serie de consecuencias paralelas con el conflicto internacional anteriormente mencionado. Este trabajo busca analizar el hito histórico ocurrido.
国际武装冲突是两个或两个以上国家之间的冲突,它们希望通过使用武力来强加自己的意志。太平洋战争是智利、秘鲁和玻利维亚这三个姐妹国家之间的战争。原因可以分为三(3):不遵守先前批准的国际条约,对边境领土的兴趣,以及对西班牙国王在殖民时期继承的边界的不满。这场战斗发生在陆地和海上,并产生了众所周知的战争后果。然而,一些政党在战争结束时受益更多。同样的情况也发生在哥伦比亚内部冲突中,这一冲突具有历史意义,并产生了与上述国际冲突平行的一系列后果。这是一项具有历史意义的研究。
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引用次数: 0
La Violencia contra la Mujer en el Marco de las Relaciones de Parejas o Ex parejas Sentimentales: un Análisis de las Políticas Criminales en Colombia desde una Óptica Criminológica 在亲密关系或前亲密关系框架内对妇女的暴力:从犯罪学角度分析哥伦比亚的犯罪政策
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-08-18 DOI: 10.25213/1794-4384/1302.0012
Natalia Andrea Julio-Estrada, Melisa Andrea Arroyo-Valeta
El contexto en el que se presenta la violenciacontra la mujer es comprendido desde las esferaspúblicas y privadas, los cuales han permitido teneruna concepción del tema y por tal motivo diseñarunas políticas criminales como respuesta estatal alfenómeno; sin embargo, las bases que hancimentado la creación de estas políticas no hancomprendido el impacto social que genera estaviolencia. Es por ello, que se acude a lacriminología crítica para explicar el enfoque socialdel daño que genera el crimen, no obstante, lamirada que se le ha dado a este fenómeno en elcampo de las parejas y ex parejas sentimentales, hasido poco desarrollada, limitándose al concepto dedesigualdad o asimetría que socialmente hamarcado la relación hombre-mujer.Por tal motivo resulta complejo la creación de unapolítica criminal que abarque toda la dimensión dela violencia contra la mujer, recalcando que ladesigualdad solamente es una pequeña arista alproblema que de verdad supone este tipo deviolencia, dado que únicamente se está mirando lapunta del iceberg.
对妇女的暴力行为发生的背景可以从公共和私人的角度来理解,这使得对这一问题有了一个概念,并因此设计了刑事政策,作为国家对这一现象的反应;然而,制定这些政策的基础并没有理解暴力造成的社会影响。正是出于这个原因,找lacriminología批评解释socialdel伤害导致犯罪的做法,然而,lamirada给了这种现象在elcampo伴侣和前伴侣太感性,是最糟糕的成长,社会hamarcado dedesigualdad概念或不对称的关系。因此,制定一项涵盖针对妇女的暴力行为的整个层面的刑事政策是复杂的,强调这种平等只是这类暴力真正造成的问题的一个小方面,因为这只是冰山一角。
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引用次数: 0
Estado Actual de las Políticas Públicas a Favor de las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas en Cartagena y Estrategias Aplicables al Plan de Desarrollo Distrital 2020 – 2023 卡塔赫纳有利于中小企业的公共政策现状和适用于2020 - 2023年地区发展计划的战略
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-08-18 DOI: 10.25213/1794-4384/1302.0005
Yeison Manuel Guzmán-Vega, Natalia Ramos-de-Ávila
En la presente investigación se analizaron cuáles fueron las acciones implementadas por el Distrito de Cartagena para incrementar la cultura del emprendimiento en el plan de desarrollo (2016-2019); de esta manera, se logró identificar los errores cometidos en las políticas públicas establecidas en ese lapso y así mismo, aquellas propuestas tendientes a incrementar la creación de empresas ejecutadas de forma exitosa por algunas ciudades o países, obtenteniendo al final las estrategias pertinentes y eficaces para fomentar el emprendimiento formal en el plan de desarrollo (2020-2023).
本研究分析了卡塔赫纳地区在发展计划(2016-2019年)中为增加创业文化而采取的行动;通过这种方式,确定了公共政策所犯下的错误并且相同,这些提案的时间建立了旨在提高公司成功地执行一些城市或国家,obtenteniendo最终相关和有效的战略,以促进企业家精神发展计划”的正式(2020-2023)。
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引用次数: 2
EL FLETAMENTO MARITIMO COMO FACILITADOR DEL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL 海运租船作为国际贸易的促进者
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.48204/J.SABERES.V3N2A4
Yira Wong, F. Valdés
The current economic environment that with the permanent inclusion of new technologies produces and international commercial environment where import and export has become a phenomenon of great proportions characterized by new commercial forms of action and processes, where the Maritime Charter Contract performs a facilitation work in the exchange of commercial goods, as an effective tool in the movement of cargo though the ship, as a transportation device par excellence of the maritime commercial activity that effectively fulfills the possibility of maritime transport through the charter system. The chartering of ships, constitutes one of the oldest legal institutions, dates back to Babylonian las and “its primary purpose is the operation of the ship though the dedication of third-party transport” (Mira Galiani Jaime, 2010, p. 218), either placing it at the disposal of the interested parties to carry out said transport, or without making delivery of the ship, limiting itself to picking up the goods delivered to the respective consignees.  Basically, it is about the contracting of the ship between shippers and shipping companies.  Loaders will be able to choose the type of ship that best suits the needs of the cargo to be transported and the options are chartering and regular line transportation.
当前的经济环境,随着新技术的不断发展,以及国际商业环境,其中进出口已成为一种以新的商业行动形式和过程为特征的巨大现象,其中海运租船合同在商业货物交换方面发挥了促进作用,作为通过船舶运输货物的有效工具,作为海上商业活动的一种卓越的运输工具,有效地实现了通过租船制度进行海上运输的可能性。船舶租赁是最古老的法律制度之一,可以追溯到巴比伦时期,“其主要目的是通过第三方运输来运营船舶”(Mira Galiani Jaime, 2010, p. 218),要么将其置于利益相关方的处置之下,进行所述运输,要么不交付船舶,将其限于提取交付给各自收货人的货物。基本上,它是关于托运人和航运公司之间的船舶合同。装载机将能够选择最适合货物运输需要的船舶类型,选择是租船和定期航线运输。
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引用次数: 0
DELIMITACIÓN ENTRE AUTORÍA Y PARTICIPACIÓN DELICTIVA 作者身份与犯罪参与的界限
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.48204/J.SABERES.V3N2A2
Orestes Arenas Nero
This paper explained how the delimitation between perpetratorship and criminal participation has been understood in Panamanian and foreign criminal theory. To achieve this, a review of the main theories is made. Objective-formal theory was analyzed first, then material theory, then subjective theory, and finally, the theory of the control over. National and international bibliographic review techniques were used. In it was concluded, among others, that the theory of the control over is the dominant one in the penal theory, however, the subjective theory has not been totally overcome, so it maintains a level of acceptance; while objective theories were overcome.
本文阐述了巴拿马和国外的犯罪理论是如何理解行为人与犯罪参与之间的界限的。为此,本文对主要理论进行了回顾。首先分析了客观形式理论,然后是物质理论,然后是主观理论,最后是控制理论。使用了国内和国际书目审查技术。在刑法理论中,控制理论是占主导地位的理论,但主观理论并没有完全被克服,因此它保持着一定程度的接受度;而客观理论被克服了。
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引用次数: 1
METODOLOGÍA 5’S Y SISTEMA DE PORTABILIDAD EN NOSOCOMIO GUANAJUATENSE, MÉXICANO 墨西哥瓜纳华顿诺索科米奥的方法和可移植性系统
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.48204/J.SABERES.V3N2A3
María Inés Ramírez Chávez, B. V. Vázquez Fernández, Jesús Ramón García Pérez, Eduardo Modesto Vázquez Álvarez
This article documents the results of the application of the 5´S methodology in the finance department of Hospital Guanajuato Sur. With a marked leadership in the management process of the Portability System in the State of Guanajuato; offering hospital medical care to 6 states: Nuevo Leon, State of Mexico, Mexico City, Puebla, Hidalgo and Michoacan.
本文记录了5´S方法在南瓜纳华托医院财务部应用的结果。在瓜纳华托州运输系统的管理过程中具有显著的领导作用;向6个州提供医院医疗服务:新莱昂州、墨西哥州、墨西哥城、普埃布拉州、伊达尔戈州和米却肯州。
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引用次数: 0
DIAGNÓSTICO SITUACIONAL DEL SOPORTE TECNOLÓGICO DE LAS CLASES NO PRESENCIALES EN EL CENTRO REGIONAL UNIVERSITARIO DE SAN MIGUELITO 圣米格利托地区大学中心非面对面课程技术支持的情境诊断
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.48204/J.SABERES.V3N2A5
Dennis Quintero Cedeño, Z Lorenzo Olivero, Jackeline Juárez
This document presents the preliminary results of a study in progress that is being carried out at the Regional University Center of San Miguelito, University of Panama. In order to determine if the students have accessibility, technological, to give the non-contact classes, First Semester and Second Semester, attending to the Agreement of the Academic Council 3-20 of March 11, 2020.
本文件介绍了巴拿马大学圣米格里托区域大学中心正在进行的一项研究的初步结果。为了确定学生是否有机会,技术,在第一学期和第二学期进行非接触式课程,参加学术委员会2020年3月11日3-20日的协议。
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引用次数: 0
CONSERVACIÓN DE TORTUGAS LORA (Lepidochelys olivacea), EN PLAYA MATA OSCURA, VERAGUAS, PACÍFICO DE PANAMÁ 巴拿马太平洋韦拉瓜斯的普拉亚玛塔奥斯卡海龟(Lepidochelys olivacea)的保护
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.48204/J.SABERES.V3N2A7
Belsy Rodríguez, Mónica Contreras
Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) is a sea turtle with a life cycle in which females’ nest on sandy beaches, from which hatchlings emerge and enter the marine environment to continue their development. In Panama, some nonprofit organizations promote strategies to conserve these chelonios in light of current regulations. This article documents the reproductive activity of parrot turtles in Playa Mata Oscura, Veraguas, Pacific of Panama accompanied by conservation activities, between the months of July to December 2018. It is reported nesting solitary, with seventeen nests reported that were relocated to the nursery of the Fundacion Agua y Tierra. The mean for clutch size was 61.05 eggs. With a hatching success of relocated nests of 73.69%; These in their entirety managed to remerge and were released in good physical condition.
Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829)是一种海龟,其生命周期是雌性在沙滩上筑巢,幼龟从中孵化并进入海洋环境继续发育。在巴拿马,一些非营利组织在现行法规的指导下推广保护这些龟的策略。本文记录了2018年7月至12月期间巴拿马太平洋维拉瓜斯州普拉亚马塔奥斯库拉鹦鹉龟的繁殖活动以及保护活动。据报道,它独自筑巢,据报道有17个巢穴被重新安置到阿瓜伊蒂拉基金会的托儿所。平均产蛋数为61.05个。迁巢孵化成功率为73.69%;这些人全部设法重新融合,并以良好的身体状况被释放。
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引用次数: 0
TENDENCIAS DE LA EVALUACIÓN Y SUS PERPECTIVAS EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR 高等教育评估的趋势和前景
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.48204/J.SABERES.V3N2A1
Marta S. De Peralta, Johana Marín
Universities present much more interesting situations, due to the constant changes that we face, it is because of them that new evaluation trends are based on data analysis and continuous evaluation, which reduces the use of complicated methods and Thus, a qualitative evaluation prevails, which is carried out globally and directly without relying on so many reports. This type of evaluation is considered as a feedback through the actors of the teaching process. Before, we focused on meeting objectives, dedicating hours to content development, giving feedback, working on capabilities, strengths, and finding a place to give their best. In these new trends, the center of permanent evaluation is the person, not only to measure their potential, but also to continuously seek to improve their potential, strengthening their needs based on merit and encouraging them to reflect on their purposes for achievement personal goals.
由于我们面临的不断变化,大学呈现出更有趣的情况,因为它们,新的评估趋势是基于数据分析和持续评估,这减少了复杂方法的使用,因此,定性评估盛行,这种评估是在全球范围内直接进行的,而不依赖于那么多的报告。这种类型的评价被认为是通过教学过程的参与者的反馈。在此之前,我们专注于实现目标,花时间进行内容开发,给予反馈,致力于能力和优势,并找到一个能够发挥自己最大作用的地方。在这些新趋势中,永久评价的中心是人,不仅要衡量他们的潜力,而且要不断寻求提高他们的潜力,加强他们基于优点的需求,鼓励他们反思实现个人目标的目的。
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引用次数: 1
Mercado internacional de carne vacuna: evolución reciente de los flujos comerciales y situación de Argentina 国际牛肉市场:最近贸易流动的演变和阿根廷的情况
IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.35305/s.v12i1.207
Carlos Alonso, Carolina Szpak
El presente articulo detalla el comercio mundial de carne vacuna en el periodo 2006-2015. El analisis de los flujos comerciales permite identificar la existencia de importantes jugadores a nivel pais, cierta concentracion de mercado tanto desde la oferta como desde la demanda en todas las posiciones arancelarias involucradas y la presencia de un patron regional de comercio. No obstante lo anterior, algunos paises se diferencian de este comportamiento como es el caso de los exportadores del Cono Sur que acceden a mercados como Rusia, China, Hong Kong y Angola, o de Estados Unidos y Australia. Al comparar la situacion entre los paises del Mercosur, se obtiene como resultado por un lado, un desigual comportamiento de Argentina respecto de sus socios comerciales y por otro, la relevancia que adquirieron ciertos destinos para Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay.
本文详细介绍了2006-2015年世界牛肉贸易情况。对贸易流动的分析使我们能够确定在国家一级存在着重要的参与者,在所有涉及的关税职位上,从供应和需求方面都有一定程度的市场集中,以及存在着区域贸易模式。尽管如此,一些国家与这种行为不同,如南锥体出口商进入俄罗斯、中国、香港和安哥拉等市场,或美国和澳大利亚。通过比较南方共同市场国家之间的情况,我们得到的结果是,一方面,阿根廷对其贸易伙伴的不平等行为,另一方面,某些目的地对巴西、乌拉圭和巴拉圭的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
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