This will be a review of the main physicians who started and promoted surgery in Medellin capital of the department of Antioquia in Colombia. The review will include from the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The article will include Antioquia identity, organic intellectuals and civilizing project. It will be mentioned the proceedings of the Medellin Academy of Medicine in reference to the surgical issues discussed during those meetings. In addition to that reference will be made about the main physicians involved such as Manuel Uribe Angel, Ignacio Quevedo Amaya, Andres Posada Arango, Eduardo Zuleta, Julio Restrepo, Francisco Arango y Carlos de Greiff. We will try to recreate the discussions around Pasteur’s theories, homeostasis and antiseptics. To conclude this article, it will be mentioned the opening of the first surgical room in 1903 at the San Juan de Dios Hospital located in Medellin due to the efforts done by Dr. Juan Bautista Montoya y Flórez. The photograph done by Melitón Rodriguez in 1902 of the surgical room will be used to describe the characteristics of such room.
这将是对在哥伦比亚首都麦德林安蒂奥基亚省开始并促进手术的主要医生的回顾。回顾将包括从19世纪到20世纪初。文章将包括安蒂奥基亚的身份、有机知识分子和文明工程。它将提到麦德林医学院的论文集，涉及在这些会议期间讨论的外科问题。除此之外，还将介绍主要的医生，如曼努埃尔·乌里韦·安吉尔、伊格纳西奥·奎维多·阿马亚、安德烈斯·波萨达·阿兰戈、爱德华多·苏莱塔、胡里奥·雷斯特雷波、弗朗西斯科·阿兰戈和卡洛斯·德·格雷夫。我们将尝试重建围绕巴斯德的理论，稳态和防腐剂的讨论。在这篇文章的结尾，将提到由于Juan Bautista Montoya博士的努力，1903年在麦德林的San Juan de Dios医院开设了第一间手术室Flórez。我们将使用Melitón Rodriguez于1902年拍摄的手术室照片来描述手术室的特点。
{"title":"Crónica sobre la cirugía en Antioquia","authors":"Tiberio Álvarez-Echeverri","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"This will be a review of the main physicians who started and promoted surgery in Medellin capital of the department of Antioquia in Colombia. The review will include from the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The article will include Antioquia identity, organic intellectuals and civilizing project. It will be mentioned the proceedings of the Medellin Academy of Medicine in reference to the surgical issues discussed during those meetings. In addition to that reference will be made about the main physicians involved such as Manuel Uribe Angel, Ignacio Quevedo Amaya, Andres Posada Arango, Eduardo Zuleta, Julio Restrepo, Francisco Arango y Carlos de Greiff. We will try to recreate the discussions around Pasteur’s theories, homeostasis and antiseptics. To conclude this article, it will be mentioned the opening of the first surgical room in 1903 at the San Juan de Dios Hospital located in Medellin due to the efforts done by Dr. Juan Bautista Montoya y Flórez. The photograph done by Melitón Rodriguez in 1902 of the surgical room will be used to describe the characteristics of such room.","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88711157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arte Médico. ¡Y tenía corazón! Enrique Simonet.","authors":"Mario Melguizo Bermúdez","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75341850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esteban Pérez-Giraldo, Mateo Valencia-Carrasquilla, Juan Carlos Herrera Restrepo
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. It affects approximately 3 out of 10 patients and, if not treated promptly, it could lead to cirrhosis and progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD is defined as >5% fatty infiltration of liver parenchyma documented by biopsy; if there is also evidence of inflammation and lobar degeneration, it is called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The main risk factors associated with this condition are being overweight or obese, diets rich in refined carbohydrates and ultra-processed foods, type 2 diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle, and metabolic syndrome. This promotes an increase in the visceral adipose compartment, insulin resistance and a disproportionate increase in fatty acid deposits in the liver. Patients are generally asymptomatic and are diagnosed taking into account risk factors, documentation of hepatic steatosis by imaging or biopsy, exclusion of other causes of hepatic steatosis and absence of pre-existing chronic liver disease. Treatment is based on a multidisciplinary approach seeking weight loss, regular physical activity and a healthy diet; however, in certain selected cases, vitamin E should be started. Some patients who have not received adequate treatment will require liver transplantation, especially if there is end-stage liver disease.
{"title":"Enfermedad hepática grasa no alcohólica: ¿en qué vamos?","authors":"Esteban Pérez-Giraldo, Mateo Valencia-Carrasquilla, Juan Carlos Herrera Restrepo","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. It affects approximately 3 out of 10 patients and, if not treated promptly, it could lead to cirrhosis and progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD is defined as >5% fatty infiltration of liver parenchyma documented by biopsy; if there is also evidence of inflammation and lobar degeneration, it is called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The main risk factors associated with this condition are being overweight or obese, diets rich in refined carbohydrates and ultra-processed foods, type 2 diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle, and metabolic syndrome. This promotes an increase in the visceral adipose compartment, insulin resistance and a disproportionate increase in fatty acid deposits in the liver. Patients are generally asymptomatic and are diagnosed taking into account risk factors, documentation of hepatic steatosis by imaging or biopsy, exclusion of other causes of hepatic steatosis and absence of pre-existing chronic liver disease. Treatment is based on a multidisciplinary approach seeking weight loss, regular physical activity and a healthy diet; however, in certain selected cases, vitamin E should be started. Some patients who have not received adequate treatment will require liver transplantation, especially if there is end-stage liver disease.","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84973750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during adolescence is challenging due to features of normal pubertal development overlap with adult diagnostic criteria. The international evidence-based PCOS guideline aimed to promote accurate and timely diagnosis, to optimize consistent care, and to improve health outcomes for adolescents and women with PCOS. This article is a descriptive review of published data and synthesizes adolescent PCOS guidelines recommendations. Specific criteria to improve diagnostic accuracy and avoid over diagnosis include: 1) Irregular menstrual cycles defined according to years’ post-menarche; > 90 days for any one cycle (> 1-year post-menarche), cycles <21 or>45days (>1 to <3years post-menarche); cycles < 21 or > 35 days (> 3 years post-menarche) and primary amenorrhea by age 15 or>3years post-thelarche. Irregular menstrual cycles (< 1-year post-menarche) represent normal pubertal transition; 2) Hyperandrogenism defined as hirsutism, severe acne and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism confirmed using validated high-quality assays; 3) Pelvic ultrasound not recommended for diagnosis of PCOS within 8years post menarche; and 4) exclusion of other disorders that mimic PCOS. For adolescents who have features of PCOS but do not meet diagnostic criteria an ‘at risk’ label can be considered with appropriate symptomatic treatment and regular re-evaluations. Menstrual cycle re-evaluation can occur over 3years post menarche and where only menstrual irregularity or hyperandrogenism are present initially, evaluation with ultrasound can occur after 8years post menarche. Screening for anxiety and depression is required and assessment of eating disorders warrants consideration. Recommendation of healthy lifestyle interventions to prevent excess weight gain should be recommended. For symptom management there are different options. In conclusion, PCOS is diagnosed in adolescents with otherwise unexplained persistent hyperandrogenic anovulatory symptoms that are inappropriate for age and stage of adolescence. The diagnosis of PCOS has lifelong implications, with increased risk for infertility, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular events, and endometrial carcinoma.
{"title":"Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico en adolescentes","authors":"Verónica Abad-Londoño","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during adolescence is challenging due to features of normal pubertal development overlap with adult diagnostic criteria. The international evidence-based PCOS guideline aimed to promote accurate and timely diagnosis, to optimize consistent care, and to improve health outcomes for adolescents and women with PCOS. This article is a descriptive review of published data and synthesizes adolescent PCOS guidelines recommendations. Specific criteria to improve diagnostic accuracy and avoid over diagnosis include: 1) Irregular menstrual cycles defined according to years’ post-menarche; > 90 days for any one cycle (> 1-year post-menarche), cycles <21 or>45days (>1 to <3years post-menarche); cycles < 21 or > 35 days (> 3 years post-menarche) and primary amenorrhea by age 15 or>3years post-thelarche. Irregular menstrual cycles (< 1-year post-menarche) represent normal pubertal transition; 2) Hyperandrogenism defined as hirsutism, severe acne and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism confirmed using validated high-quality assays; 3) Pelvic ultrasound not recommended for diagnosis of PCOS within 8years post menarche; and 4) exclusion of other disorders that mimic PCOS. For adolescents who have features of PCOS but do not meet diagnostic criteria an ‘at risk’ label can be considered with appropriate symptomatic treatment and regular re-evaluations. Menstrual cycle re-evaluation can occur over 3years post menarche and where only menstrual irregularity or hyperandrogenism are present initially, evaluation with ultrasound can occur after 8years post menarche. Screening for anxiety and depression is required and assessment of eating disorders warrants consideration. Recommendation of healthy lifestyle interventions to prevent excess weight gain should be recommended. For symptom management there are different options. In conclusion, PCOS is diagnosed in adolescents with otherwise unexplained persistent hyperandrogenic anovulatory symptoms that are inappropriate for age and stage of adolescence. The diagnosis of PCOS has lifelong implications, with increased risk for infertility, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular events, and endometrial carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84701790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.25184/anfamed2023v10n1a11
Julia Escardo, MarÍa Alejandra Nuñez Leal, Gottardo Bianchi
{"title":"Braquimetatarsia. Propuesta de tratamiento en base a técnicas de alargamiento. A propósito de dos casos","authors":"Julia Escardo, MarÍa Alejandra Nuñez Leal, Gottardo Bianchi","doi":"10.25184/anfamed2023v10n1a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25184/anfamed2023v10n1a11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43836258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial. Jaime Jaramillo Echeverri (“Papá Jaime”).","authors":"Mario Melguizo Bermúdez","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74957947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Memoriam. Ángela Restrepo Moreno, Phd (1931-2022). Una vida dedicada a la ciencia","authors":"Jaime Robledo R","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"231 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72443759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is a brief summary of the beginnings of Ophthalmology in Antioquia Department. I will cover from the last twenty years of XIX century until the last current years. Several outstanding medical professionals that were educated in Europe return to the city of Medellin capital of the Antioquia Department. These medical professionals have significant contributions to the field of Ophthalmology. Around 1960 Otorhinolaryngology and Ophthalmology became independent services and academic programs within the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Antioquia. The new independent academic program of Ophthalmology became one of the best programs at the University of Antioquia. A profile of the most outstanding Ophthalmologist of the last 60 years is presented, as well as the outstanding figures since the end of the 19th century. The Ophthalmologists that were and have been part of the faculty are remember for the knowledge that instilled to the present and future generations of Ophthalmologists.
{"title":"Apuntes para una historia de la oftalmología antioqueña (1960-2020)","authors":"J. Ortega J.","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"This is a brief summary of the beginnings of Ophthalmology in Antioquia Department. I will cover from the last twenty years of XIX century until the last current years. Several outstanding medical professionals that were educated in Europe return to the city of Medellin capital of the Antioquia Department. These medical professionals have significant contributions to the field of Ophthalmology. Around 1960 Otorhinolaryngology and Ophthalmology became independent services and academic programs within the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Antioquia. The new independent academic program of Ophthalmology became one of the best programs at the University of Antioquia. A profile of the most outstanding Ophthalmologist of the last 60 years is presented, as well as the outstanding figures since the end of the 19th century. The Ophthalmologists that were and have been part of the faculty are remember for the knowledge that instilled to the present and future generations of Ophthalmologists.","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80738627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Memoriam. Benigno Rafael Elejalde Salazar","authors":"Tiberio Álvarez-Echeverri","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90698097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The expert medical opinion is a professional activity, which does not have the purpose of making medical treatments or clinical actions, but to be aware of the state of health or loss of the health to a specific person, to define the causes of such state, the sequelae or definitive damages and its limitations for the daily life and productive activities performed before. The result of this work are the expert opinions based on expertise, that are provided so that judicial operators, social security or insurance companies, define those responsible for economic compensation for the damages objectified. The medical expert often issues ratings or scores that attempt to quantify the severity of the harm suffered by the victim evaluated. This activity entails a high requirement of knowledge, ethical and human commitment to the people affected by different conditions or traumas.
{"title":"El peritaje médico es un acto de atrevimiento: labor compleja, desconocida y necesaria en nuestra profesión","authors":"Ligia Montoya-Echeverri","doi":"10.56684/ammd/2023.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56684/ammd/2023.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"The expert medical opinion is a professional activity, which does not have the purpose of making medical treatments or clinical actions, but to be aware of the state of health or loss of the health to a specific person, to define the causes of such state, the sequelae or definitive damages and its limitations for the daily life and productive activities performed before. The result of this work are the expert opinions based on expertise, that are provided so that judicial operators, social security or insurance companies, define those responsible for economic compensation for the damages objectified. The medical expert often issues ratings or scores that attempt to quantify the severity of the harm suffered by the victim evaluated. This activity entails a high requirement of knowledge, ethical and human commitment to the people affected by different conditions or traumas.","PeriodicalId":40725,"journal":{"name":"Anales de la Facultad de Medicina-Universidad de la Republica Uruguay","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77414869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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