Muhammad Johan Mad Ali, Abdul Malik Mohd Ali, M. Reyasudin Basir Khan
Currently, the traditional agriculture is being transformed into smart agriculture using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. An agriculture service platform is being developed to help with environmental monitoring and to improve agricultural management. Various climate condition parameters are vital to be monitored for agriculture for ensuring optimal growth conditions. The crop production regulation, and climate change has negative impact on agriculture and food production due to excess rainfall, temperature changes, and other associated environmental variations. Different type of plants has its own need of fertilization and water where poor management of water and fertilization will lead to unhealthy crops and shorten their lifespan. The goal of this study is to design and develop a plant management system based on sensors and microcontroller. The input of the system includes pH, temperature, and soil moisture alongside real-time clock module. The system uses LoRa for data transmission that will allow the data to be transmitted up to 1 km distance. The system will optimize the plant watering leading to more efficient water usage. Moreover, this system will have a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that will allow user to provide plant watering schedule for the user. This system has been successfully tested based on several experiments. This system can be used for both indoor and outdoor plants
{"title":"Design and Development of Microcontroller Based Agroponic Agriculture System","authors":"Muhammad Johan Mad Ali, Abdul Malik Mohd Ali, M. Reyasudin Basir Khan","doi":"10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the traditional agriculture is being transformed into smart agriculture using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. An agriculture service platform is being developed to help with environmental monitoring and to improve agricultural management. Various climate condition parameters are vital to be monitored for agriculture for ensuring optimal growth conditions. The crop production regulation, and climate change has negative impact on agriculture and food production due to excess rainfall, temperature changes, and other associated environmental variations. Different type of plants has its own need of fertilization and water where poor management of water and fertilization will lead to unhealthy crops and shorten their lifespan. The goal of this study is to design and develop a plant management system based on sensors and microcontroller. The input of the system includes pH, temperature, and soil moisture alongside real-time clock module. The system uses LoRa for data transmission that will allow the data to be transmitted up to 1 km distance. The system will optimize the plant watering leading to more efficient water usage. Moreover, this system will have a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that will allow user to provide plant watering schedule for the user. This system has been successfully tested based on several experiments. This system can be used for both indoor and outdoor plants","PeriodicalId":407405,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology","volume":"312 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124259708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Malik Mohd Ali, M. Reyasudin Basir Khan, Azuddin
Spasticity is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance with the constraint of tendon reflex activity. The level of fatigue in spastic patients is difficult to be measured without a high-end measurement system. This work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of spasticity robotic arms robot and surface Electromyogram (sEMG) on the observation and measurement of the arms-hand skill in stroke patients during rehabilitation. The result will provide an overview of criteria and conditions for the implementation of the technology in clinical practice. This study assesses the fatigue level among spasticity patients based on the localized muscle voluntary of the patient measured using the spasticity robotic arms (SRA) and Joint Analysis of EMG Spectrum and Amplitude (JASA). The data signal was changed to spectrum and medium frequency to evaluate the fatigue where the non-implant surface electromyogram was recorded in each motor unit in real-time. The analysis JASA method able to shows the level of fatigue in a multi-degree range of motion. The sampling data signal was integrated with therobotic therapy to overcome the over-exercise or lack of training during rehabilitation. The five axes of SRA can assist the therapy to perform in multi-degree rotation with the robust flexion-extension and abduction-adduction rotations. The accuracy between RSA and LSA is 0.003 ± 0.0910 of amplitude frequency against ROM. Further investigation in Medium Frequency (MDF) is 32.81 ± 45.341 revolution between RSA and LSA is 93.9% accuracy. The effect between RSA and LSA kinematic ROM is 0.6875 ± 9.0401accuracy in 95% between each assessment in MDF. The revolute and prismatic motion was able to overcome the difficulty of spasticity patient range of motion because of stroke. The Surface EMG for non-invasive assessment of muscles (SENIAM) assessment Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) is used to guide the active-passive assisted motion. The fatigue detection method was evaluated based on eight male and eight female subjects. The process of the exercise made the patient fatigue because due to the muscle unable to carry the burden of the force from the SRA robot in 95% cases for RSA and 75% in LSA. The success of work proves the JASA method and SRA robot therapy able to assist to determine the level of fatigue among spasticity patients.
{"title":"Analysis of Spasticity Patient by Using sEMG to detect Fatigue Level During Rehabilitation","authors":"Abdul Malik Mohd Ali, M. Reyasudin Basir Khan, Azuddin","doi":"10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Spasticity is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance with the constraint of tendon reflex activity. The level of fatigue in spastic patients is difficult to be measured without a high-end measurement system. This work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of spasticity robotic arms robot and surface Electromyogram (sEMG) on the observation and measurement of the arms-hand skill in stroke patients during rehabilitation. The result will provide an overview of criteria and conditions for the implementation of the technology in clinical practice. This study assesses the fatigue level among spasticity patients based on the localized muscle voluntary of the patient measured using the spasticity robotic arms (SRA) and Joint Analysis of EMG Spectrum and Amplitude (JASA). The data signal was changed to spectrum and medium frequency to evaluate the fatigue where the non-implant surface electromyogram was recorded in each motor unit in real-time. The analysis JASA method able to shows the level of fatigue in a multi-degree range of motion. The sampling data signal was integrated with therobotic therapy to overcome the over-exercise or lack of training during rehabilitation. The five axes of SRA can assist the therapy to perform in multi-degree rotation with the robust flexion-extension and abduction-adduction rotations. The accuracy between RSA and LSA is 0.003 ± 0.0910 of amplitude frequency against ROM. Further investigation in Medium Frequency (MDF) is 32.81 ± 45.341 revolution between RSA and LSA is 93.9% accuracy. The effect between RSA and LSA kinematic ROM is 0.6875 ± 9.0401accuracy in 95% between each assessment in MDF. The revolute and prismatic motion was able to overcome the difficulty of spasticity patient range of motion because of stroke. The Surface EMG for non-invasive assessment of muscles (SENIAM) assessment Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) is used to guide the active-passive assisted motion. The fatigue detection method was evaluated based on eight male and eight female subjects. The process of the exercise made the patient fatigue because due to the muscle unable to carry the burden of the force from the SRA robot in 95% cases for RSA and 75% in LSA. The success of work proves the JASA method and SRA robot therapy able to assist to determine the level of fatigue among spasticity patients.","PeriodicalId":407405,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117129032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Najwa Anuar, M. R. B. Khan, Aizat Faiz Ramli
Water flow is a hydrological process that highly intermittent and dependent on nature. Water flow forecasting is an important task for operation and management of water resources for application that includes irrigation, water distribution, hydropower generation and flood prediction. There has been many methods and tools used to forecast and predicts water flow in many hydrological areas. As a result, the water flow modeling has become a key area of study due to the importance of water resource management. Hence, this paper aim to provide a comprehensive that compare methods used for water flow forecasting and summarized their key characteristics.
{"title":"Water flow Forecasting Methods for Optimal Water Resource Operation and Management: A Review","authors":"Nurul Najwa Anuar, M. R. B. Khan, Aizat Faiz Ramli","doi":"10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Water flow is a hydrological process that highly intermittent and dependent on nature. Water flow forecasting is an important task for operation and management of water resources for application that includes irrigation, water distribution, hydropower generation and flood prediction. There has been many methods and tools used to forecast and predicts water flow in many hydrological areas. As a result, the water flow modeling has become a key area of study due to the importance of water resource management. Hence, this paper aim to provide a comprehensive that compare methods used for water flow forecasting and summarized their key characteristics.","PeriodicalId":407405,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126830037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Najwa Anuar, M. Reyasudin Basir Khan, Aizat Faiz Ramli
Hydropower has a well-established position in the energy sector, and it is very important to promote the further growth of this energy resource, especially in developing countries. As a result, the water flow modeling sector becomes a key area of study due to the importance of water resource management. Where, the precise forecasts of hydropower water flow are important for effective management practices. This paper provides a review on hydropower system. An overview on the method and techniques used to simulate water forecasting is made to provide further understanding. An analysis was also made to identify the techniques that provide high accuracy in hydropower flow forecasting.
{"title":"Methods for Hydropower Discharge Prediction: A Review","authors":"Nurul Najwa Anuar, M. Reyasudin Basir Khan, Aizat Faiz Ramli","doi":"10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Hydropower has a well-established position in the energy sector, and it is very important to promote the further growth of this energy resource, especially in developing countries. As a result, the water flow modeling sector becomes a key area of study due to the importance of water resource management. Where, the precise forecasts of hydropower water flow are important for effective management practices. This paper provides a review on hydropower system. An overview on the method and techniques used to simulate water forecasting is made to provide further understanding. An analysis was also made to identify the techniques that provide high accuracy in hydropower flow forecasting.","PeriodicalId":407405,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology","volume":"30 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124425122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muaz Izzuddeen Sabudin, Mohd Noor Syawal Mustapha, Muhammad Adzim Mohd Rozi, Devaraj Tharuma Rajah
Conventional fossil fuel generation releases high amount of carbon dioxide and contributed to the climate change problem. Hence, the use of renewable energy sources is important to mitigate the greenhouse gasses emissions. Remote or rural areas relies heavily on diesel generations for electricity due to no grid connection. Therefore, a microgrid system with renewable resources has high potential for implementation in these areas. This paper discusses on the hybrid renewable energy system design for a village in Selangor, Malaysia. The load profile data collected based on survey and interview with the locals. Meanwhile, the solar radiation and temperature data were obtained from NASA POWER database. The hydropower resource data was obtained through site visit at the location. HOMER software was used to simulate and determine the most optimal hybrid renewable energy system. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify effect of growth in load profile with respect to the optimal configuration. The optimization results shows that PV-hydro-grid is the most optimal system. It has lower Net Present Cost with higher renewable penetration compared to other configurations.
{"title":"Design of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for a Village in Selangor, Malaysia","authors":"Muaz Izzuddeen Sabudin, Mohd Noor Syawal Mustapha, Muhammad Adzim Mohd Rozi, Devaraj Tharuma Rajah","doi":"10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56532/mjsat.v1i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional fossil fuel generation releases high amount of carbon dioxide and contributed to the climate change problem. Hence, the use of renewable energy sources is important to mitigate the greenhouse gasses emissions. Remote or rural areas relies heavily on diesel generations for electricity due to no grid connection. Therefore, a microgrid system with renewable resources has high potential for implementation in these areas. This paper discusses on the hybrid renewable energy system design for a village in Selangor, Malaysia. The load profile data collected based on survey and interview with the locals. Meanwhile, the solar radiation and temperature data were obtained from NASA POWER database. The hydropower resource data was obtained through site visit at the location. HOMER software was used to simulate and determine the most optimal hybrid renewable energy system. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify effect of growth in load profile with respect to the optimal configuration. The optimization results shows that PV-hydro-grid is the most optimal system. It has lower Net Present Cost with higher renewable penetration compared to other configurations.","PeriodicalId":407405,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology","volume":"520 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124390210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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