Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739283
A. T. Kunnath, M. Ramesh
Recent years have shown an alarmous increase in rain fall induced landslides. This has facilitated the need for having a monitoring system to predict the landslides which could eventually reduce the loss of human life. We have developed and deployed a Wireless Sensor Network to monitor rainfall induced landslide, in Munnar, South India. A successful landslide warning was issued in June 2009 using this system. The system is being enhanced by incorporating a Wireless Geophone Network to locate the initiation of landslide. The paper discusses an algorithm that was developed to analyze the geophone data and automatically detect the landslide signal. A novel method to localize the landslide initiation point is detailed. The algorithm is based on the time delay inherent in the transmission of waves through the surface of the earth. The approach detailed here does not require additional energy since the geophones are self excitatory. The error rate of the approach is much less when compared to the other localization methods like RSSI. The proposed algorithm is being tested and validated, in the landslide laboratory set up at our university.
{"title":"Wireless Geophone Network for remote monitoring and detection of landslides","authors":"A. T. Kunnath, M. Ramesh","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739283","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have shown an alarmous increase in rain fall induced landslides. This has facilitated the need for having a monitoring system to predict the landslides which could eventually reduce the loss of human life. We have developed and deployed a Wireless Sensor Network to monitor rainfall induced landslide, in Munnar, South India. A successful landslide warning was issued in June 2009 using this system. The system is being enhanced by incorporating a Wireless Geophone Network to locate the initiation of landslide. The paper discusses an algorithm that was developed to analyze the geophone data and automatically detect the landslide signal. A novel method to localize the landslide initiation point is detailed. The algorithm is based on the time delay inherent in the transmission of waves through the surface of the earth. The approach detailed here does not require additional energy since the geophones are self excitatory. The error rate of the approach is much less when compared to the other localization methods like RSSI. The proposed algorithm is being tested and validated, in the landslide laboratory set up at our university.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121166323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739368
Dr. Nagaraj V. Dharwadkar, B. B. Amberker, A. Gorai
Recent developments in digital image and Internet technology help the common users to easily produce illegal copies of the images. In order to solve the copyright protection problems of the image, several watermarking schemes have been widely used. Very few watermarking schemes have been proposed for defining the copyrights of color image. To resolve the copyright protection problem of color image, we propose an effective, robust and imperceptible color image watermarking scheme. This scheme embeds the watermark into cover image in (Red, Green, Blue) RGB space. The combinations of Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of Blue channel is used to embed the watermark. The singular values of different subband coefficients of Blue channel are modified using different scaling factors to embed the singular values of the watermark. The copy of the watermark is embedded into four subband coefficients which is very difficult to remove or destroy. The combinations of DWT and SVD increases the security, robustness and imperceptibility of the scheme.
{"title":"Non-blind watermarking scheme for color images in RGB space using DWT-SVD","authors":"Dr. Nagaraj V. Dharwadkar, B. B. Amberker, A. Gorai","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739368","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments in digital image and Internet technology help the common users to easily produce illegal copies of the images. In order to solve the copyright protection problems of the image, several watermarking schemes have been widely used. Very few watermarking schemes have been proposed for defining the copyrights of color image. To resolve the copyright protection problem of color image, we propose an effective, robust and imperceptible color image watermarking scheme. This scheme embeds the watermark into cover image in (Red, Green, Blue) RGB space. The combinations of Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of Blue channel is used to embed the watermark. The singular values of different subband coefficients of Blue channel are modified using different scaling factors to embed the singular values of the watermark. The copy of the watermark is embedded into four subband coefficients which is very difficult to remove or destroy. The combinations of DWT and SVD increases the security, robustness and imperceptibility of the scheme.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115167758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739331
P. Shukla, V. Soni, Mithilesh Kumar
In this paper, nonrecursive digital filters design using 3-parameter Hyperbolic Cosine window (3-parameter Cosh window for short) is investigated. The 2-parameter Cosh window has been investigated in literature that is modified by introducing a new third parameter. The quality and performance of filter designed by proposed window are compared with the well-known adjustable windows in literature such as the ultraspherical, Saramaki, Kaiser, Dolph-Chebyshev, 2-parameter Cosh and Modified Kaiser window. Simulation results show that the filters designed by proposed 3-parameter Cosh window provide higher quality in terms of the minimum stopband attenuation for a fixed order, and yield lower order for a fix minimum stopband attenuation compared to the filters designed by other windows. The far-end stopband attenuation has more significance when the filtered signal has great concentration of spectral energy. In a sub-band coding, the filter is an intended to separate out various frequency bands for independent processing. In the case of speech, e.g. the far-end rejection of the energy in the stopband should be more so that the energy leak from one band to another is a minimum and the simulation results show that the filter designed by proposed window provides the maximum (better) far-end stopband attenuation that is figure of merit.
{"title":"Nonrecursive digital FIR filter design by 3-parameter Hyperbolic Cosine window: A high quality low order filter design","authors":"P. Shukla, V. Soni, Mithilesh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739331","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, nonrecursive digital filters design using 3-parameter Hyperbolic Cosine window (3-parameter Cosh window for short) is investigated. The 2-parameter Cosh window has been investigated in literature that is modified by introducing a new third parameter. The quality and performance of filter designed by proposed window are compared with the well-known adjustable windows in literature such as the ultraspherical, Saramaki, Kaiser, Dolph-Chebyshev, 2-parameter Cosh and Modified Kaiser window. Simulation results show that the filters designed by proposed 3-parameter Cosh window provide higher quality in terms of the minimum stopband attenuation for a fixed order, and yield lower order for a fix minimum stopband attenuation compared to the filters designed by other windows. The far-end stopband attenuation has more significance when the filtered signal has great concentration of spectral energy. In a sub-band coding, the filter is an intended to separate out various frequency bands for independent processing. In the case of speech, e.g. the far-end rejection of the energy in the stopband should be more so that the energy leak from one band to another is a minimum and the simulation results show that the filter designed by proposed window provides the maximum (better) far-end stopband attenuation that is figure of merit.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133258034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739399
D. Sen, S. Pal
Histogram equalization, which aims at information maximization, is widely used in different ways to perform contrast enhancement in images. In this paper, an automatic exact histogram specification technique is proposed, and used for global and local contrast enhancement of images. The desired histogram is obtained by first subjecting the image histogram to a modification process and then by maximizing a measure that represents increase in information and decrease in ambiguity. In comparison to a few existing methods, the effectiveness of the proposed automatic exact histogram specification technique in enhancing contrasts of grayscale images is demonstrated through visual assessment of results.
{"title":"Novel automatic exact histogram specification for contrast enhancement in images","authors":"D. Sen, S. Pal","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739399","url":null,"abstract":"Histogram equalization, which aims at information maximization, is widely used in different ways to perform contrast enhancement in images. In this paper, an automatic exact histogram specification technique is proposed, and used for global and local contrast enhancement of images. The desired histogram is obtained by first subjecting the image histogram to a modification process and then by maximizing a measure that represents increase in information and decrease in ambiguity. In comparison to a few existing methods, the effectiveness of the proposed automatic exact histogram specification technique in enhancing contrasts of grayscale images is demonstrated through visual assessment of results.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117117038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739350
S. Poonkuntran, R. Rajesh
This paper proposes a messy model based watermarking scheme for the authentication of medical images. The digital fundus images are one particular class of medical images which has been chosen for simulation and analysis of the proposed scheme in this paper. These images are given in TIF format in RGB color space. The proposed scheme dynamically generates the watermark using messy models. And, it is embedded inside the image by expanding intra plane difference between any two color planes of images. It is known as intra-plane difference expanding. The proposed scheme is very sensitive to the jittering, geometrical and various filtering attacks; thereby it modifies around 40% of the watermark for jittering, geometrical attacks and around 45% of the watermark for filtering attacks at an average.
{"title":"A messy watermarking for medical image authentication","authors":"S. Poonkuntran, R. Rajesh","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739350","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a messy model based watermarking scheme for the authentication of medical images. The digital fundus images are one particular class of medical images which has been chosen for simulation and analysis of the proposed scheme in this paper. These images are given in TIF format in RGB color space. The proposed scheme dynamically generates the watermark using messy models. And, it is embedded inside the image by expanding intra plane difference between any two color planes of images. It is known as intra-plane difference expanding. The proposed scheme is very sensitive to the jittering, geometrical and various filtering attacks; thereby it modifies around 40% of the watermark for jittering, geometrical attacks and around 45% of the watermark for filtering attacks at an average.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"261 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116233223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739398
D. Sen, S. Pal
A new method of measuring image contrast based on local band-limited approach and center-surround retinal receptive field model is devised in this paper. Various evidences from physiological studies corresponding to contrast perception is considered. This method works at multiple scales (frequency bands) and combines the contrast measures obtained at different scales using Lp-norm. Demonstrations of contrast measurement in grayscale and color images using the new method are considered to show its suitability.
{"title":"Retinal visual system based contrast measurement in images","authors":"D. Sen, S. Pal","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739398","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of measuring image contrast based on local band-limited approach and center-surround retinal receptive field model is devised in this paper. Various evidences from physiological studies corresponding to contrast perception is considered. This method works at multiple scales (frequency bands) and combines the contrast measures obtained at different scales using Lp-norm. Demonstrations of contrast measurement in grayscale and color images using the new method are considered to show its suitability.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115475765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739358
S. Seydnejad, M. Akhzari
Two conventional methods for suppression of co-channel interferences (CCI) in OFDM systems are pre-FFT and post-FFT beamforming schemes. Performance of each of these schemes depends on the parameters of the system and conditions of the environment; one scheme could produce much better result than another in a different condition. This makes choosing the appropriate scheme difficult in advance. In this article, a pilot-based space-time beamforming scheme is presented which shows better results than each individual scheme in every condition while its computational complexity is still much less than its post-FFT counterpart.
{"title":"CCI suppression and channel equalization in pilot-assisted OFDM systems by space-time beamforming","authors":"S. Seydnejad, M. Akhzari","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739358","url":null,"abstract":"Two conventional methods for suppression of co-channel interferences (CCI) in OFDM systems are pre-FFT and post-FFT beamforming schemes. Performance of each of these schemes depends on the parameters of the system and conditions of the environment; one scheme could produce much better result than another in a different condition. This makes choosing the appropriate scheme difficult in advance. In this article, a pilot-based space-time beamforming scheme is presented which shows better results than each individual scheme in every condition while its computational complexity is still much less than its post-FFT counterpart.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123052210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739396
Shrikant Sharma, P. Jena, R. Kuloor
GROUND-penetrating radar (GPR) is a mature remote sensing technique employed by engineers and scientists to obtain information from subsurface structures. These structures range from manmade objects, such as buried utilities, pavements, and unexploded ordnance, to geological formations. GPR data collection may be viewed as a mapping from the object space (x,y,z), characterized by the object's spatial location and reflectivity, to the image space. The image space may be viewed in the space-time domain (x,y,t), where the recorded scattered signals are displayed as a function of lateral position and time, or in the Omega-K domain (kx,ky,f), where the two image sets are related by spatial-temporal Fourier transforms (FTs). Additionally, data may be recorded in the space-frequency domain (x,y,f ), as would be the case with a frequency-domain GPR. Fourier transforms allow easy conversions between the three image domains.
{"title":"Mathematical analysis of interpolation step of Omega - K Algorithm for GPR and its implementation","authors":"Shrikant Sharma, P. Jena, R. Kuloor","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739396","url":null,"abstract":"GROUND-penetrating radar (GPR) is a mature remote sensing technique employed by engineers and scientists to obtain information from subsurface structures. These structures range from manmade objects, such as buried utilities, pavements, and unexploded ordnance, to geological formations. GPR data collection may be viewed as a mapping from the object space (x,y,z), characterized by the object's spatial location and reflectivity, to the image space. The image space may be viewed in the space-time domain (x,y,t), where the recorded scattered signals are displayed as a function of lateral position and time, or in the Omega-K domain (kx,ky,f), where the two image sets are related by spatial-temporal Fourier transforms (FTs). Additionally, data may be recorded in the space-frequency domain (x,y,f ), as would be the case with a frequency-domain GPR. Fourier transforms allow easy conversions between the three image domains.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123342717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739345
G. N. Iyer, Y. Lim
We propose a cross-layer based multi-channel Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol to maximize the utilization of the leftover spectrum of primary user channels in cognitive radio networks. This protocol integrates the spectrum sensing at Physical layer and the packet scheduling at the MAC layer for mobile ad-hoc networks. With a TDMA-based control channel, we have a scheme to handle collision. Moreover, our scheme is suitable for heterogeneous network with different device capabilities. We formulate the channel allocation problem as a constrained optimization problem and propose strategies to handle channel allocation based on graph theoretic principles, specifically using Weighted Bipartite Graph Matching technique. We name our proposed modeling as Weighted Bipartite Multi-Vertex Matching (WBMM) and describes three different schemes based on this model. We conduct extensive simulation studies to analyze and compare the performance of the proposed strategies.
{"title":"Efficient multi-channel MAC protocol and channel allocation schemes for TDMA based cognitive radio networks","authors":"G. N. Iyer, Y. Lim","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739345","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a cross-layer based multi-channel Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol to maximize the utilization of the leftover spectrum of primary user channels in cognitive radio networks. This protocol integrates the spectrum sensing at Physical layer and the packet scheduling at the MAC layer for mobile ad-hoc networks. With a TDMA-based control channel, we have a scheme to handle collision. Moreover, our scheme is suitable for heterogeneous network with different device capabilities. We formulate the channel allocation problem as a constrained optimization problem and propose strategies to handle channel allocation based on graph theoretic principles, specifically using Weighted Bipartite Graph Matching technique. We name our proposed modeling as Weighted Bipartite Multi-Vertex Matching (WBMM) and describes three different schemes based on this model. We conduct extensive simulation studies to analyze and compare the performance of the proposed strategies.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124217706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739410
C. Poongodi, K. Dineshkumar, D. Deenadhayalan, A. Shanmugam
This paper presents the simulated capacity results that could be achieved when echelon, H-shaped, V -shaped free standing dipoles and printed dipole arrays are used in the MIMO systems. As the configurations of interest, in this paper, have dipoles oriented in different directions, the channel model for multi-polarized antennas is used in the simulations. The polarization change at every scatterer is included using a dyad. The performances of arrays are evaluated using capacity as the metric. The mutual coupling between the dipoles of different orientations is also included to make simulation more realistic. Here we used Method of Moment (MOM) solution for the printed dipole mutual coupling impedance calculation.
{"title":"Capacity of echelon, H-shaped, V-shaped and printed dipole arrays in MIMO system","authors":"C. Poongodi, K. Dineshkumar, D. Deenadhayalan, A. Shanmugam","doi":"10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2011.5739410","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the simulated capacity results that could be achieved when echelon, H-shaped, V -shaped free standing dipoles and printed dipole arrays are used in the MIMO systems. As the configurations of interest, in this paper, have dipoles oriented in different directions, the channel model for multi-polarized antennas is used in the simulations. The polarization change at every scatterer is included using a dyad. The performances of arrays are evaluated using capacity as the metric. The mutual coupling between the dipoles of different orientations is also included to make simulation more realistic. Here we used Method of Moment (MOM) solution for the printed dipole mutual coupling impedance calculation.","PeriodicalId":408736,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125138336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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