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How Founders Harness Tensions in Hybrid Venture Development 创始人如何在混合型风险企业发展中利用紧张关系
Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241255483
Pablo Muñoz, Steffen Farny, Ewald Kibler, Virva Salmivaara
Although the simultaneous presence of multiple ambitions is inherent in hybrid venturing, pursuing social and/or environmental missions while securing commercial viability can generate ambivalence among stakeholders. In this study, we draw on the notion of “holism” to show how venture founders both embrace tensioned ambitions and sustain hybridity during critical venture development phases. Based on 6 years of data on The People’s Supermarket in the United Kingdom, we identify three distinct practices— fantasizing, bartering, and conjuring—used by founders to harness tensions productively, without compromising their venture’s multiple ambitions. These practices demonstrate the founders’ ability to maintain a venture’s hybrid nature throughout the ideation, organizational, and scale-up phases, thereby shedding light on the application of “holism” within the realm of hybrid venturing.
虽然同时存在多种雄心壮志是混合型风险投资的固有特点,但在确保商业可行性的同时追求社会和/或环境使命可能会在利益相关者之间产生矛盾。在本研究中,我们借鉴了 "整体论 "的概念,以说明风险企业创始人是如何在风险企业发展的关键阶段,既拥抱紧张的抱负,又维持混合性的。基于英国人民超市公司 6 年来的数据,我们发现了三种不同的做法--幻想、讨价还价和变通--这些做法被创始人用来有效地利用紧张关系,同时又不损害风险企业的多重雄心。这些做法表明,创始人有能力在构思、组织和扩大规模阶段保持风险企业的混合性质,从而揭示了 "整体主义 "在混合风险企业领域的应用。
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引用次数: 1
Unmasking the Info War: The Communication Dynamics of Reliable and Misinformation Sources During the COVID-19 Pandemic 揭开信息战的面纱:COVID-19 大流行期间可靠和错误信息来源的传播动态
Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241255343
Carlos Carrasco-Farré
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, a parallel crisis emerged in the form of an “infodemic,” where misinformation proliferated through social media at an unprecedented scale. This article delves into the evolving landscape of reliable and misinformation sources reporting on the pandemic, examining their communication dynamics. Leveraging a comprehensive data set encompassing 437,832 news published online by media organizations from January 2020 to December 2021, I employ structural change analysis and network-based natural language processing to explore these dynamics. The findings illuminate the contrasting approaches adopted by reliable sources, which prioritize scientific discourse, and misinformation, which exhibits high topic volatility—rapid change in the focus—suggesting that misinformation sources frequently shift their attention to different topics. Notably, this highlights a deliberate strategy employed by misinformation purveyors, that is, creating false crises without authoritative resolutions, thereby fostering a sense of lack of control, chaos, and uncertainty. Furthermore, the sentiment and morality analysis of COVID-19 news reveal that reliable news tends to maintain a balanced and neutral tone, while misinformation often exhibits a highly negative and morally charged narrative. These results carry significant implications for devising effective social countermeasures against misinformation at various stages of the pandemic.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间,以 "信息流行 "的形式出现了一场平行危机,错误信息通过社交媒体以前所未有的规模扩散。本文深入探讨了报道该流行病的可靠信息来源和错误信息来源的演变情况,研究了它们的传播动态。利用媒体机构在 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间在线发布的 437,832 条新闻的综合数据集,我采用了结构变化分析和基于网络的自然语言处理来探索这些动态。研究结果揭示了可靠消息来源和错误信息来源所采取的截然不同的方法,可靠消息来源优先考虑科学话语,而错误信息来源则表现出高度的话题波动性--焦点的快速变化--这表明错误信息来源经常将其注意力转移到不同的话题上。值得注意的是,这凸显了虚假信息传播者故意采取的策略,即制造虚假危机,却没有权威性的解决方案,从而助长了缺乏控制感、混乱感和不确定感。此外,对 COVID-19 新闻的情感和道德分析表明,可靠的新闻倾向于保持平衡和中立的基调,而虚假信息则往往表现出高度负面和充满道德色彩的叙述。这些结果对于在大流行病的各个阶段针对错误信息制定有效的社会对策具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Participating By Choice or Command? When Ideals of Stakeholder Engagement Clash With a Prevailing Strategy Discourse 参与是选择还是命令?当利益相关者的参与理念与主流战略论述发生冲突时
Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241255484
Heli Pietilä, Sari Laari-Salmela, Vesa Puhakka
Extant studies on stakeholder engagement have noted the inherent tensions arising from participation efforts, giving rise to the dark side of engagement. However, few studies have focused on organizational power relations that provide specific conditions for engagement and the related paradox that control represents. Drawing on strategy discourse and paradox as theoretical lenses, we examine engagement as a nexus of observed societal expectations, subjectivities provided by the strategy discourse, and the subject positions adopted by the individuals, giving rise to a contradiction between openness and control. As a result, we present three modes of participation: inclusion, admittance, and quasi-participation. We contribute to stakeholder engagement and paradox literature by outlining the “engagement-control paradox” and showing how the prevailing strategy discourse may drive the use of participation as a form of control. Maintaining different modes of participation introduces inadvertent closure for participation and hinders strategy-making and the development of the organization.
关于利益相关者参与的现有研究已经注意到参与过程中产生的内在紧张关系,这也是参与的阴暗面。然而,很少有研究关注为参与提供特定条件的组织权力关系以及控制所代表的相关悖论。以战略话语和悖论为理论视角,我们将参与视为观察到的社会期望、战略话语提供的主体性和个人采取的主体立场的联系,从而产生了开放与控制之间的矛盾。因此,我们提出了三种参与模式:融入、接纳和准参与。我们概述了 "参与-控制悖论",并展示了主流战略论述是如何促使参与成为一种控制形式的,从而为利益相关者的参与和悖论文献做出了贡献。保持不同的参与模式会在无意中封闭参与,阻碍战略制定和组织发展。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualizing and Contextualizing “Executive Wisdom” as a Framework for Business Leadership: A Grounded Theory Approach 将 "高管智慧 "作为企业领导力框架的概念化和内涵化:基础理论方法
Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241255540
A. Intezari, Bernard McKenna, Mohammad Hossein Rahmati
This study contextualizes business leaders’ perspectives on business-society interaction through the theoretical lens of wisdom. Morally effective interaction between business and society relies on shared perceptions of expected values grounded in leaders’ virtuous behavior. Through empirical fieldwork across industries in a developing society, the article documents how local business leaders perceive wise leadership in dealing with socially complex problems. Using grounded theory, we inductively developed a model of wisdom, executive wisdom, that identifies 14 characteristics of wisdom, located in three groups: technē, wise decisions, and virtuous disposition. The findings broaden the view of the complex nature of wise decision-making in the business-society context.
本研究通过 "智慧 "这一理论视角,对企业领导者关于企业与社会互动的观点进行了背景分析。企业与社会之间有效的道德互动依赖于以领导者的良性行为为基础的预期价值观的共同认知。通过对一个发展中社会各行业的实地调查,文章记录了当地企业领导者在处理复杂社会问题时如何看待智慧领导力。利用基础理论,我们归纳出了一个智慧模型--执行智慧,该模型确定了智慧的 14 个特征,分为三组:技术、明智决策和德行。研究结果拓宽了人们对商业社会背景下明智决策复杂性的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Green Bond Issuances: A Promising Signal or a Deceptive Opportunity? 绿色债券发行:有希望的信号还是欺骗性的机会?
Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241255072
Han Yu, Radu Burlacu, G. Enjolras
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the stock market reaction to green bond issuance announcements for a large, international sample of listed companies. Existing empirical studies find mixed results regarding this issue. Using a sample of 595 green bonds issued between 2014 and 2021, we conducted a series of event studies to analyze the changes in issuer returns and liquidity following the announcements. We find that the market reaction is significantly negative, more severe compared to conventional bond issues, but improves over time. Green bonds issued by companies with poor environmental performance or without prior experience in issuing such bonds generate a more negative market reaction. We also find that stock liquidity improves for issuers with good environmental performance. Our findings have significant implications as they suggest the existence of economies of scale in repeated issuances of green bonds and/or increasing reliability in the bond’s greenness.
本文以大量国际上市公司为样本,全面分析了股票市场对绿色债券发行公告的反应。现有的实证研究在这一问题上的结果好坏参半。我们以 2014 年至 2021 年间发行的 595 只绿色债券为样本,进行了一系列事件研究,分析了公告发布后发行人收益和流动性的变化。我们发现,市场反应明显为负,与传统债券发行相比更为剧烈,但随着时间的推移会有所改善。环境绩效不佳或没有发行此类债券经验的公司发行的绿色债券会引起更消极的市场反应。我们还发现,环境绩效好的发行人的股票流动性也会提高。我们的研究结果具有重要意义,因为它们表明在重复发行绿色债券和/或提高债券绿色程度的可靠性方面存在规模经济。
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引用次数: 0
Growing Green: On the Moral Pluralism of Individual and Collective Ecological Embeddedness 绿色成长:论个人和集体生态嵌入的道德多元性
Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241255344
Claire-Isabelle Roquebert, Jean‐Pascal Gond
Prior research on sustainability suggests that ambitious sustainability strategies are often turned into “business-as-usual” practices. Although ecological embeddedness—that is, actors’ physical and cognitive anchoring in their ecological environment—can help maintain sustainability ambitions, its collective dynamics and pluralistic moral foundations remain understudied. We rely on the economies of worth framework and the revelatory case of a biodynamic farm business experiencing sustained commercial growth to explore these blind spots by analyzing how ecological embeddedness was maintained despite this growth. We found that moral threats moved the organization away from its initial sustainability commitment and demonstrated how the farm maintained its ecological embeddedness through three mechanisms that involved multiple moral foundations: nurturing ecological inspiration, networking green projects, and unifying a green ethos. By inducing such mechanisms of moral recombination, our analysis advances sustainability studies by clarifying and bridging individual and collective dynamics of ecological embeddedness while revealing their multiple moral foundations; we also extend economies of worth research by demonstrating the role of ecological materiality in the alignment of organizations with the green world.
先前关于可持续发展的研究表明,雄心勃勃的可持续发展战略往往会变成 "一切照旧 "的做法。尽管生态嵌入性--即行动者对其生态环境的物理和认知锚定--有助于保持可持续发展的雄心壮志,但其集体动力和多元道德基础仍未得到充分研究。我们依靠价值经济框架和一个生物动力农场企业持续商业增长的启示性案例,通过分析在增长的同时如何保持生态嵌入性来探索这些盲点。我们发现,道德威胁使该组织偏离了其最初的可持续发展承诺,并证明了该农场如何通过三种涉及多重道德基础的机制来维持其生态嵌入性:培养生态灵感、建立绿色项目网络以及统一绿色精神。通过诱导这种道德重组机制,我们的分析阐明并连接了生态嵌入性的个体和集体动态,同时揭示了其多重道德基础,从而推进了可持续发展研究;我们还通过展示生态物质性在组织与绿色世界接轨中的作用,扩展了价值经济研究。
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引用次数: 0
Shared Capitalism and Corporate Sustainability: Broad-Based Employee Share Ownership, CEO Ownership, and Corporate Environmental Performance 共享资本主义与企业可持续性:基础广泛的员工持股、首席执行官持股和企业环境绩效
Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241254532
Jegoo Lee, D. Kruse, Joseph R. Blasi
This research proposes that broad-based employee share ownership (ESO) affects corporate environmental performance (CEP). Drawing upon corporate governance literature, social exchange theory, and stakeholder utility theory, we propose that employees as owners adopt more favorable attitudes toward beneficial outcomes for CEP, and that the broad-based impact of ESO overwhelms the impact of CEO ownership. Also, we propose that these relationships are contingent upon trade union presence as a form of worker voice that amplifies the ESO influence on CEP. The empirical results from U.S. publicly traded companies from 2009 to 2016 indicate that broad-based ESO is linked to positive CEP by companies, and provides some support for all proposed hypotheses. This study provides scholarly and practical implications for the effects of shared capitalist modes of ownership and employee engagement on corporate sustainability.
本研究提出,基础广泛的员工持股(ESO)会影响企业环境绩效(CEP)。借鉴公司治理文献、社会交换理论和利益相关者效用理论,我们提出,作为所有者的员工会对 CEP 的有益结果采取更有利的态度,而 ESO 的广泛影响会压倒 CEO 所有权的影响。此外,我们还提出,这些关系取决于工会的存在,因为工会是工人的一种声音形式,可以扩大 ESO 对 CEP 的影响。从 2009 年到 2016 年美国上市公司的实证结果表明,基础广泛的ESO与公司的积极CEP相关联,并为所有提出的假设提供了一定的支持。本研究为共享资本主义所有权模式和员工参与对企业可持续发展的影响提供了学术和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
When the Spotlight Burns: Gender Bias in the Public Perception of Entrepreneurs 当聚光灯燃烧时:公众对企业家的性别偏见
Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/00076503241255512
Varkey K. Titus, Jonathan P. O’Brien, Owen Parker, Christopher A. Aumueller
We examine the interface of entrepreneurship and society by considering a novel source of gender bias (public opinion) and a novel expression of it (affective evaluations). We posit that women-led teams displaying success will trigger a “penalty for success” bias, and this will be inhibited if the team receives a “stamp of approval” from a gender congruent individual (i.e., an investor who is a man). Analysis from our first study, based on archival data, indicated that other mechanisms might be at play that we could not tease apart in our archival data, so we conducted a follow-up experimental study to further examine our initial findings. Results jointly indicate that women are viewed unfavorably unless either (a) they are validated by success or endorsement from a man, or (b) they fail but are “warm and accommodating” about it. We also find that while men benefit from being validated by success or endorsement of an opposite-gender investor, they do not face a similarly steep penalty absent that validation.
我们通过考虑性别偏见的新来源(公众舆论)及其新表现形式(情感评价)来研究创业与社会的关系。我们认为,女性领导的团队如果取得成功,就会引发 "成功惩罚 "偏见,而如果该团队获得性别一致的个人(即男性投资者)的 "认可",这种偏见就会受到抑制。基于档案数据的第一项研究分析表明,可能还有其他机制在起作用,而我们无法从档案数据中发现这些机制,因此我们进行了一项后续实验研究,以进一步检验我们的初步发现。研究结果共同表明,除非(a)女性获得成功或男性的认可,或者(b)女性虽然失败了,但却表现得 "热情而包容",否则她们就会受到不利的评价。我们还发现,虽然男性能从异性投资者的成功或认可中获益,但如果没有这种认可,他们也不会面临类似的严重惩罚。
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引用次数: 0
Social Challenges for Business in the Age of Populism 民粹主义时代企业面临的社会挑战
Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/00076503231206734
Dorottya Sallai, Glenn Morgan, Magnus Feldmann, Marcus Gomes, Andrew Spicer
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引用次数: 0
Time Theft: Exposing a Subtle Yet Serious Driver of Socioeconomic Inequality 时间盗窃:揭示社会经济不平等的一个微妙而严重的驱动因素
Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/00076503231224710
Jason R. Pierce, Laura M. Giurge, Brad Aeon
Socioeconomic inequality is perpetuated and exacerbated by an overlooked yet serious epidemic of time theft: the act of causing others to lose their time without adequate cause, compensation, or consent. We explain why time theft goes unnoticed, how it drives socioeconomic inequality, and what businesses and policymakers can do to address it.
社会经济不平等因一种被忽视但却严重流行的时间盗窃行为而长期存在和加剧:这种行为是指在没有充分理由、补偿或征得同意的情况下造成他人时间损失的行为。我们将解释时间盗窃为何不受关注,它如何导致社会经济不平等,以及企业和政策制定者可以采取哪些措施来解决这一问题。
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引用次数: 0
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Business & Society
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