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2019 International Conference on Security, Pattern Analysis, and Cybernetics (SPAC)最新文献

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Fuzzy Quality Evaluation Algorithm for Higher Engineering Education Quality via Quasi-neural-network Framework 基于准神经网络框架的高等工程教育质量模糊评价算法
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.237872
Ya-Xin Zhou, Shiyuan Han, Jin Zhou, Kang Yao
Quality evaluation for higher engineering education has important guiding significance and feedback role on cultivating engineering talents. Combining with the educational core concept of outcomes-based education (OBE) and the educational process data, a fuzzy quality evaluation algorithm is developed for engineering education deriving from a constructed Quasi-Neural-Network (QNN) framework. More specifically, considering the logical relationships among basic components in the whole process of engineering education, a four-layers QNN framework is designed first to underly and implement the educational concept of OBE reasonably, which includes the training objectives layer, requirement capability for graduation layer, requirement sub-capability for graduation layer, and course layer. After that, by employing the educational process data under the proposed QNN framework, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm is designed to describe the achievement scale of target capability for engineering education. Finally, focusing on the research capability for computer science with related four courses, the experiments based on the process educational data sets show the superiority and efficiency of the proposed framework and algorithm.
高等工程教育质量评价对工程人才的培养具有重要的指导意义和反馈作用。结合基于结果的教育(OBE)的教育核心概念和教育过程数据,从构建的准神经网络(QNN)框架出发,提出了一种面向工程教育的模糊质量评价算法。具体而言,考虑到工程教育全过程中各基本组成部分之间的逻辑关系,首先设计了一个四层QNN框架,将OBE的教育理念进行合理的底层实现,包括培养目标层、毕业需求能力层、毕业需求子能力层和课程层。然后,利用所提出的QNN框架下的教育过程数据,设计了描述工程教育目标能力成就尺度的模糊综合评价算法。最后,针对计算机科学相关四门课程的研究能力,基于过程教育数据集的实验证明了所提出的框架和算法的优越性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Non-Intrusive Load Disaggregation Using Semi-Supervised Learning Method 基于半监督学习方法的非侵入式负载分解
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.237865
Nan Miao, Shengjie Zhao, Qingjiang Shi, Rongqing Zhang
With the emerging of smart metering around the world, there is a growing demand to analyse the residential energy usage. In this paper, we propose a Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based approach for non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM), which can achieve effective and efficient estimation of individual appliance usage according to a single main meter reading in a non-intrusive manner. Considering practical situations, two training methods are provided. The first training approach is fully supervised learning, which requires a ground truth of label, indicating the state of the appliance (ON/OFF), to build a prediction model. The second training approach is semi-supervised learning, leading to better performance by F-Measure metric while only requiring some more unlabelled training data. Experimental results on the low-sample rate REDD dataset demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed DNN-based method compared with Hidden Markov Model (HMM)based and Graph Signal Processing (GSP)-based approaches.
随着智能电表在世界范围内的兴起,对住宅能源使用情况分析的需求日益增长。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于深度神经网络(DNN)的非侵入式负荷监测(NILM)方法,该方法可以根据单个主电表读数以非侵入式方式实现对单个设备使用情况的有效估计。结合实际情况,提供了两种培训方法。第一种训练方法是完全监督学习,它需要标签的基本真值,表明设备的状态(ON/OFF),以建立预测模型。第二种训练方法是半监督学习,通过F-Measure度量获得更好的性能,同时只需要更多的未标记训练数据。在低采样率REDD数据集上的实验结果表明,与基于隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)和基于图信号处理(GSP)的方法相比,我们提出的基于dnn的方法具有优越的性能。
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引用次数: 5
Random Feature Based Attribute-weighed Kernel Fuzzy Clustering for Non-linear Data 基于随机特征的非线性数据属性加权核模糊聚类
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.237882
Qiushi Tian, Jin Zhou, Shiyuan Han, Lin Wang, Yuehui Chen
Traditional kernel clustering methods are useful in dealing with non-linear data, but the high-dimensional kernel space obtained by kernel mapping is an abstract concept, which is difficult to be determined. The kernel mapping between raw data space and kernel space needs high computational complexity which is burdensome for hardware. At the same time, due to the unknown nature of kernel space, traditional kernel clustering methods cannot process data with the consideration of different importance among dimensions, i.e., discover the hidden feature subset of high-dimensional sparse data. To overcome these limitations, we put forward a novel random Fourier feature based attribute-weighed kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm (RFF-WKFCM). This method employs RFF map to generate low-rank random features, and performs fuzzy c-means clustering with attribute weight entropy regularization in this feature space, which greatly reduces the computational complexity. What is more, the adoption of the maximum entropy technique ensures the optimal distribution of attribute weights, which stimulate important dimensions play a greater role in the clustering process. The proposed method shows good performance on the experiments of ring data set compared with other fuzzy clutering methods.
传统的核聚类方法在处理非线性数据时很有用,但核映射得到的高维核空间是一个抽象的概念,难以确定。原始数据空间和内核空间之间的核映射需要很高的计算复杂度,这对硬件来说是一种负担。同时,由于核空间的未知性质,传统的核聚类方法无法在处理数据时考虑到不同维度的重要性,即无法发现高维稀疏数据的隐藏特征子集。为了克服这些局限性,我们提出了一种基于随机傅立叶特征的属性加权核模糊c均值聚类算法(RFF-WKFCM)。该方法利用RFF映射生成低秩随机特征,并在该特征空间中进行属性权熵正则化的模糊c均值聚类,大大降低了计算复杂度。此外,最大熵技术的采用保证了属性权值的最优分布,使重要维度在聚类过程中发挥更大的作用。与其他模糊聚类方法相比,该方法在环形数据集的实验中表现出良好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive Temporal Segmentation for Action Recognition 动作识别的自适应时间分割
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.237869
Zhiyu Chen, Yangwei Gu, Chunhua Deng, Ziqi Zhu
Learning deep representations have been widely used in action recognition task. However, the features extracted by deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have many redundant information. This paper aims to discover the relevance between temporal features extracted by CNNs. Different fromTemporal Segment Networks (TSN) to randomly select video clips. Based on the matrix-based Rényi’s α-entropy, we estimate the mutual information between temporal domain features. Through our experiments, we propose an adaptive temporal segmentation scheme to represent the entire videos. We also combine the features of RGB and optical flow frames extracted by 3D ConvNets to verify the complementary information between them. We show that the proposed approach achieves 94.4 and 72.8 percent accuracy, in the UCF- 101 and HMDB-51 datasets.
学习深度表征在动作识别任务中得到了广泛的应用。然而,深度卷积神经网络(cnn)提取的特征存在许多冗余信息。本文旨在发现cnn提取的时间特征之间的相关性。不同于时间段网络(TSN)来随机选择视频片段。基于矩阵的r -熵,估计时域特征间的互信息。通过我们的实验,我们提出了一种自适应的时间分割方案来表示整个视频。结合三维卷积神经网络提取的RGB光流帧和光流帧的特征,验证二者之间的互补信息。结果表明,该方法在UCF- 101和HMDB-51数据集中的准确率分别为94.4%和72.8%。
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引用次数: 0
Self-organized Clustering -Fission Swarm System Based on the Coupling Degree of Weighted Information 基于加权信息耦合度的自组织聚类-裂变群系统
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.243776
Xuchen Wang, Yuxuan Huang, Dengxiu Yu, Mingyong Liu
The paper proposes the self-organized clustering-fission swarm system based on the coupling degree of weighted information. In previous work, researchers study the clustering or fission based on information coupling degree. However, the performance of clustering-fission is effected by the designing formation coupling degree. Adding the weight into information coupling degree can improve the performance of clustering-fission. The bigger the weight is, the higher the probability of clustering-fission occurrence will become. One main contribution of this paper is adjusted by weight. Finally, the proposed method is verified by simulation.
提出了基于加权信息耦合度的自组织聚类-裂变群系统。在以往的工作中,研究人员基于信息耦合度来研究聚类或裂变。然而,聚簇-裂变的性能受设计的地层耦合度的影响。在信息耦合度中加入权值可以提高聚簇裂变的性能。权值越大,发生聚簇裂变的概率越高。本文的一个主要贡献是通过权重调整。最后,通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive State Continuity-Based Sparse Inverse Covariance Clustering for Multivariate Time Series 基于自适应状态连续性的多元时间序列稀疏逆协方差聚类
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.237883
Lei Li, Wei Li, Jianxing Liao, Xuegang Hu
Compared with univariate time series clustering, multivariate time series (MTS) clustering has become a challenging research topic on the data mining of time series. In this paper, a novel model-based approach Adaptive State Continuity-Based Sparse Inverse Covariance Clustering (ASCSICC) is proposed for MTS clustering. Specifically, the state continuity is introduced to make the traditional Gaussian mixture model (GMM) applicable to time series clustering. To prevent overfitting, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is applied to optimize the parameter of GMM inverse covariance. In addition, the proposed approach simultaneously segments and clusters the time series. Technically, first, the adaptive state continuity is estimated based on the distance similarity of adjacent time series data. Then, a dynamic programming algorithm of cluster assignment by adaptive state continuity is taken as the E-step, and the ADMM for solving sparse inverse covariance is taken as the M-step. E-step and M-step are combined into an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to conduct the clustering process. Finally, we show the effectiveness of the proposed approach by comparing the ASC-SICC with several state-of-the-art approaches in experiments on two datasets from real applications.
与单变量时间序列聚类相比,多变量时间序列聚类已成为时间序列数据挖掘领域一个具有挑战性的研究课题。本文提出了一种基于模型的基于自适应状态连续性的稀疏逆协方差聚类方法(ASCSICC)。具体来说,引入状态连续性使传统的高斯混合模型(GMM)适用于时间序列聚类。为了防止过拟合,采用乘法器的交替方向法(ADMM)对GMM逆协方差参数进行优化。此外,该方法同时对时间序列进行分段和聚类。技术上,首先根据相邻时间序列数据的距离相似度估计自适应状态连续性;然后,采用自适应状态连续性聚类分配的动态规划算法作为e步,采用求解稀疏反协方差的ADMM算法作为m步。将e步和m步结合到期望最大化(EM)算法中进行聚类。最后,我们通过将ASC-SICC与几种最先进的方法在两个实际应用数据集上的实验中进行比较,证明了所提出方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Cement Texture Synthesis Based on Feedforward Neural Network 基于前馈神经网络的水泥肌理合成
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.244103
J. Fan, Lin Wang, Chen Xiao, Bo Yang, Jin Zhou
Texture is of great significance to the study of cement field. It can reflect various information, such as cement strength and hydration age. However, the texture of cement hydration image is complex and diverse, and most of the methods are relatively inefficient at present. Therefore, we propose a fast way to synthesize texture through neural network. It uses the information of the causal neighborhood to extract their implicit features. This method is more perfect than the simple expression method, and can extract more implicit features and get a better neural network model. Through this model we can quickly and easily synthesize cement texture images. This algorithm is faster than the current popular methods and more diverse than the methods of gene expression programming.
结构对水泥领域的研究具有重要意义。它可以反映水泥强度、水化龄期等多种信息。然而,水泥水化图像纹理复杂多样,目前大多数方法效率相对较低。为此,我们提出了一种利用神经网络快速合成纹理的方法。利用因果邻域信息提取其隐含特征。该方法比简单的表达式法更完善,可以提取更多的隐式特征,得到更好的神经网络模型。通过该模型可以快速方便地合成水泥纹理图像。该算法比目前流行的方法更快,比基因表达式编程方法更多样化。
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引用次数: 1
Low-Rate Non-Intrusive Appliance Load Monitoring Based on Graph Signal Processing 基于图信号处理的低速率非侵入式电器负荷监测
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.237866
Bing Zhang, Shengjie Zhao, Qingjiang Shi, Rongqing Zhang
Thanks to the large-scale smart meters deployments around the world, non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NILM) is receiving popularity. It aims to disaggregate the total electricity load of a home into individual appliances without resorting to any specific appliance power monitors. NILM is worthy of broad attention owing to its facilitation in energy savings. This paper regards NILM as a classification task and proposes a two-step method based on graph signal processing (GSP). In the first step, a smoothest solution is obtained by minimizing the regularization term. In the second step, gradient projection method, which uses the obtained minimizer as a start point, is adopted to optimize the while objective function, where NILM is regarded as a constrained nonlinear programming problem. The experiment results based on the open-access data set REDD clearly demonstrate that the proposed GSP-based method achieves improved performance compared with other state-of-the-art low-rate NILM approaches.
由于智能电表在世界范围内的大规模部署,非侵入式设备负载监控(NILM)越来越受欢迎。它的目的是将一个家庭的总电力负荷分解为单个电器,而不依赖于任何特定的电器电力监视器。NILM在节能方面具有促进作用,值得广泛关注。本文将NILM看作一个分类任务,提出了一种基于图信号处理(GSP)的两步法。第一步,通过最小化正则化项得到最平滑解。第二步,采用梯度投影法,以求出的最小值为起点,对目标函数进行优化,将NILM视为约束非线性规划问题。基于开放存取数据集REDD的实验结果清楚地表明,与其他最先进的低速率NILM方法相比,所提出的基于gsp的方法获得了更高的性能。
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引用次数: 2
A Binary I-Ching Divination Evolutionary Algorithm for Feature Selection 一种用于特征选择的二元易经占卜进化算法
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.243772
Bianna Chen, Tong Zhang, Xue Jia, Jianxiu Jin, C. L. P. Chen, Xiangmin Xu
Feature selection is used to extract the most essential features from the data without degrading the performance of an algorithm, especially a classification algorithm. Various evolutionary algorithms (EAs) combined with classification algorithms are commonly used for feature selection. This paper suggests an innovative feature selection algorithm based on I-Ching Divination Evolutionary Algorithm, called binary IDEA (BIDEA). The main idea is to use a series of hexagrams encoded as binary vectors, which is called the hexagram state to represent the solutions of selected features. After three flexible operations, intrication, turnover and mutual, the transformed hexagram state can be obtained as candidate solutions. Then the optimized hexagram state can be searched to form the new state in the next iteration by evaluating candidate solutions. Experiments checked out with standard datasets reveal that the proposed BIDEA performs better in terms of classification accuracy, precision, recall and feature reduction than the competing feature selection methods.
特征选择用于从数据中提取最重要的特征,而不会降低算法,特别是分类算法的性能。各种进化算法与分类算法相结合是特征选择的常用方法。本文提出了一种基于易经占卜进化算法的特征选择创新算法——二进制IDEA (BIDEA)。其主要思想是使用一系列编码为二进制向量的六边形,称为六边形状态来表示所选特征的解。经过复杂、翻转和相互三种灵活运算,得到变换后的六边形状态作为候选解。然后通过评估候选解,在下一次迭代中搜索优化后的六边形状态,形成新的状态。在标准数据集上进行的实验表明,该方法在分类准确率、精密度、查全率和特征约简等方面都优于现有的特征选择方法。
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引用次数: 0
Traffic Flow Prediction Algorithm Based on Flexible Neural Tree 基于柔性神经树的交通流预测算法
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAC49953.2019.237874
Xiao-Yue Ma, Ya Fang, Shiyuan Han, Ya-Xin Zhou, Ke Yang, Jin Zhou, Kang Yao
Artificial intelligence has been widely used in traffic flow prediction. In this paper, we investigate how the seemingly disorganized behavior of traffic flow prediction could be well represented by using flexible neural tree (FNT).The traffic flow data of the previous two months were analyzed and trained to construct a flexible neural tree model. This paper investigates the changing law of traffic volume and makes scientific and reasonable prediction for future traffic volume. By using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the parameters of FNT to build a better prediction model. The proposed method has good adaptability and robustness. It can provide a reliable model for traffic flow prediction. According to the experimental results, the prediction model can accurately describe the changing trend of traffic flow.
人工智能在交通流预测中得到了广泛的应用。在本文中,我们研究了如何使用柔性神经树(FNT)来很好地表示交通流预测中看似无组织的行为。对前两个月的交通流数据进行分析和训练,构建灵活的神经树模型。研究了交通流量的变化规律,对未来交通流量进行了科学合理的预测。采用粒子群优化(PSO)算法对FNT参数进行优化,以建立更好的预测模型。该方法具有良好的适应性和鲁棒性。它可以为交通流预测提供可靠的模型。实验结果表明,该预测模型能较准确地描述交通流的变化趋势。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2019 International Conference on Security, Pattern Analysis, and Cybernetics (SPAC)
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