Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1149
Jakah Jakah, D. Muslim, A. T. Mursito, Z. Zakaria, H. Nurohman
Ground repair material is an essential part of the grounding system as a lightning rod to reduce the risk of lightning activity. Grounding repair materials consist of conductive and superconductive materials, commonly known as Ground Enhancement Materials (GEM). GEM has a low resistivity, very effectively supporting lightning shock energy to earth. Vitric tuff, a pyroclastic rock, is composed of an aluminosilicate (phyllosilicate) mineral group developed as a grounding improvement material. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the decrease in resistivity of vitric tuff in its development as a GEM. The research method consisted of field observations and laboratory experiments (treatment with chemical-physical activation and formulation with additives). The results showed that moisture content, SiO2/Al2O3 ratio (quartz and feldspar mineral/albite), clay mineral, crystal quality (impurities), carbon, and salt were influenced by vitric tuff resistivity. With the vitric tuff formulation and additives, the resistivity reduction is above 99%. Based on experiments, the best formulation of GEM made from tuff is 65% activated vitric tuff, 27% activated charcoal, 6% NaCl, and 2% Cement Material Cellulose. The formula produces a resistivity value of 0.0124 Ω-m, which is stable with time and meets GEM requirements (ρ ≤ 0.20 Ω-m). Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan Indonesian Journal of Geology and Mining Vol.31, No 2, pages 63–76 doi: 10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1149
{"title":"Time Defendability of Ground Resistance Properties and Its Application of Vitric Tuff on the Development of Ground Enhancement Material","authors":"Jakah Jakah, D. Muslim, A. T. Mursito, Z. Zakaria, H. Nurohman","doi":"10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1149","url":null,"abstract":"Ground repair material is an essential part of the grounding system as a lightning rod to reduce the risk of lightning activity. Grounding repair materials consist of conductive and superconductive materials, commonly known as Ground Enhancement Materials (GEM). GEM has a low resistivity, very effectively supporting lightning shock energy to earth. Vitric tuff, a pyroclastic rock, is composed of an aluminosilicate (phyllosilicate) mineral group developed as a grounding improvement material. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the decrease in resistivity of vitric tuff in its development as a GEM. The research method consisted of field observations and laboratory experiments (treatment with chemical-physical activation and formulation with additives). The results showed that moisture content, SiO2/Al2O3 ratio (quartz and feldspar mineral/albite), clay mineral, crystal quality (impurities), carbon, and salt were influenced by vitric tuff resistivity. With the vitric tuff formulation and additives, the resistivity reduction is above 99%. Based on experiments, the best formulation of GEM made from tuff is 65% activated vitric tuff, 27% activated charcoal, 6% NaCl, and 2% Cement Material Cellulose. The formula produces a resistivity value of 0.0124 Ω-m, which is stable with time and meets GEM requirements (ρ ≤ 0.20 Ω-m). Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan Indonesian Journal of Geology and Mining Vol.31, No 2, pages 63–76 doi: 10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1149","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76901786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1121
I. Muttaqien, J. Nurjaman
The magnetotelluric (MT) method is a passive exploration method in geophysics that utilizes natural electromagnetic waves as a signal source. MT operates in the frequency range of 10 -5 - 10 6 Hz , designed to study the structure of the conductivity below the earth's surface with a depth range from several tens of meters to the upper mantle. In this paper, 2-dimensional inversion modeling is performed on MT synthetic data using the SimPEG software. First, forward modeling is done by making a 2-dimensional conductivity model in the form of a valley (graben), which aims to produce MT synthetic data in TE (transverse electric) mode, TM (transverse magnetic) mode, and a combination of TE mode and TM mode. Next, an inversion modeling is performed on the MT synthetic data by adding a 5% Gaussian noise and a 10 -5 floor as data uncertainty to obtain a 2-dimensional conductivity inversion model. The final result can be validated by comparing the true model and the inversion model and between observational data (synthetic) and predictive predicted data. The results of this study provide a significant fit of the model and suitability of the data. The inversion quality is validated with an RMS Error for TE mode of 0.349%, TM mode of 0.348%, and a combination of TE and TM mode of 0.249%.
{"title":"TWO-DIMENSIONAL INVERSION MODELING OF MAGNETOTELLURIC (MT) SYNTHETIC DATA OF A GRABEN STRUCTURE USING SimPEG","authors":"I. Muttaqien, J. Nurjaman","doi":"10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1121","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetotelluric (MT) method is a passive exploration method in geophysics that utilizes natural electromagnetic waves as a signal source. MT operates in the frequency range of 10 -5 - 10 6 Hz , designed to study the structure of the conductivity below the earth's surface with a depth range from several tens of meters to the upper mantle. In this paper, 2-dimensional inversion modeling is performed on MT synthetic data using the SimPEG software. First, forward modeling is done by making a 2-dimensional conductivity model in the form of a valley (graben), which aims to produce MT synthetic data in TE (transverse electric) mode, TM (transverse magnetic) mode, and a combination of TE mode and TM mode. Next, an inversion modeling is performed on the MT synthetic data by adding a 5% Gaussian noise and a 10 -5 floor as data uncertainty to obtain a 2-dimensional conductivity inversion model. The final result can be validated by comparing the true model and the inversion model and between observational data (synthetic) and predictive predicted data. The results of this study provide a significant fit of the model and suitability of the data. The inversion quality is validated with an RMS Error for TE mode of 0.349%, TM mode of 0.348%, and a combination of TE and TM mode of 0.249%.","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91146551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1160
W. Priyanto, Jauhari Arifin
North Kalimantan Province is a new province that is dynamic in development in order to prosper the inhabitants. The research and exploration to make a plan to develop new renewable energy are one of their main programs. The hydro-power plant of Mentarang, Malinau Regency, Kalimantan Utara is a plan program in 2020. The research study of hydro-power plants is essential as a reference in the development plan and avoids the hazard, miss calculation due to human error, etc. Seismic refraction is used in the feasibility study and detailed engineering study (FS DED) of Mentarang's Hydro-power plant. Analysis from the Seismic refraction method can be used as an input parameter for deciding the feasibility of Mentarang's hydro-power plant. This study aims to characterize the sub-surface layers, structure, and sub-surface layer thickness within this area. The seismic refraction method uses the intercept time or travel-time versus distance and processed using the reciprocal method, then it is modelled using inversion and resulted in a 2D profile. This research study was used the seismic refraction method with geometry acquisition of 14 sources with two spread and 5 meters of geophone interval. The analysis result of the 2D inversion profile model, in general, is classified as four strata layers. These strata are categorized as weathered layers with 5-15 meters of thickness, clay, and Sandstone about 5-20 meter of layer thickness, Sandstone with the layer thickness of about 20-50 meters, and lastly, granite, lava rocks, or limestone with depth more than 70 meters below the subsurface. There is a possibility of a structure at an offset of 70 meters, but this method's limitation will overestimate the conclusion. Therefore, it is necessary to bring another method that more sensitive to work further in research study evaluation of hydro-power plant Mentarang, Malinau Regency, North Kalimantan.
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF ROCK LAYERS BASED ON REFRACTION SEISMIC METHOD: A CASE STUDY OF MENTARANG’S HYDRO-POWER PLANT, MALINAU REGENCY, NORTH KALIMANTAN","authors":"W. Priyanto, Jauhari Arifin","doi":"10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/risetgeotam2021.v31.1160","url":null,"abstract":"North Kalimantan Province is a new province that is dynamic in development in order to prosper the inhabitants. The research and exploration to make a plan to develop new renewable energy are one of their main programs. The hydro-power plant of Mentarang, Malinau Regency, Kalimantan Utara is a plan program in 2020. The research study of hydro-power plants is essential as a reference in the development plan and avoids the hazard, miss calculation due to human error, etc. Seismic refraction is used in the feasibility study and detailed engineering study (FS DED) of Mentarang's Hydro-power plant. Analysis from the Seismic refraction method can be used as an input parameter for deciding the feasibility of Mentarang's hydro-power plant. This study aims to characterize the sub-surface layers, structure, and sub-surface layer thickness within this area. The seismic refraction method uses the intercept time or travel-time versus distance and processed using the reciprocal method, then it is modelled using inversion and resulted in a 2D profile. This research study was used the seismic refraction method with geometry acquisition of 14 sources with two spread and 5 meters of geophone interval. The analysis result of the 2D inversion profile model, in general, is classified as four strata layers. These strata are categorized as weathered layers with 5-15 meters of thickness, clay, and Sandstone about 5-20 meter of layer thickness, Sandstone with the layer thickness of about 20-50 meters, and lastly, granite, lava rocks, or limestone with depth more than 70 meters below the subsurface. There is a possibility of a structure at an offset of 70 meters, but this method's limitation will overestimate the conclusion. Therefore, it is necessary to bring another method that more sensitive to work further in research study evaluation of hydro-power plant Mentarang, Malinau Regency, North Kalimantan.","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90453241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1087
Gabrio Hikma Januarta, Tedi Yudistira, Adrin Tohari, Erlangga Ibrahim Fattah
Dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir terjadi peningkatan aktivitas tektonik di wilayah selatan Pulau Jawa. Salah satu sesar aktif di wilayah Jawa Barat yaitu Sesar Cimandiri dan Sesar Lembang. Sesar Cimandiri berarah barat daya-timur laut, sedangkan Sesar Lembang berarah timur-barat. Melalui citra satelit DEM ( Digital Elevation Model ) pertemuan kedua sesar diduga berada di wilayah Padalarang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Keberadaan infrastruktur penghubung kota seperti jalan tol, rel kereta api serta permukiman penduduk yang padat menjadikan daerah tersebut merupakan daerah yang berpotensi mengalami kerusakaan saat terjadi gempa bumi. Dalam upaya mitigasi diperlukan studi mikrozonasi untuk mengetahui karakteristik tanah. Metode Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HViSR) digunakan untuk mengestimasi nilai frekuensi dominan ( f 0 ) dan faktor amplifikasi ( A 0 ) daerah setempat dari data pengukuran mikrotremor. Dari 42 titik pengukuran didapatkan nilai frekuensi dominan ( f 0 ) yang terbagi kedalam dua zona yaitu 1,4–3,5 Hz dan 3,5–6 Hz. Sedangkan nilai faktor amplifikasi ( A 0 ) berkisar antara 2–8. Nilai indeks kerentanan seismik ( K g ) berkisar antara 1–30, daerah dengan indeks kerentanan seismik ( K g ) sedang hingga tinggi berada di Kecamatan Ngamprah dan Kecamatan Cisarua, sedangkan indeks kerentanan seismik ( K g ) pada daerah Kecamatan Padalarang relatif rendah hingga sedang. ABSTRACT – Seismic Microzonation of Padalarang District, West Bandung Regency Using Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Method . In the last five years, tectonic activity has increased in the southern region of Java Island. One of the active faults i n the West Java region is Cimandiri Fault and Lembang Fault. The Cimandiri Fault is southwest-northeast, while the Lembang Fault is east-west. Through DEM (Digital Elevation Model) satellite imagery, the intersection of the faults is probably located in Padalarang, West Bandung Regency. The existence of urban infrastructures such as toll roads, railways, and dense settlements makes this area have the potential to experience damage during an earthquake. Therefore, in mitigation efforts, microzonation studies are needed to determine the dynamic characteristics of soils in the area. Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method is used to estimate the value of dominant frequency (f 0 ) and the amplification factor (A 0 ) from microtremor measurement data. From 42 measurement points, the dominant frequency value (f 0 ) is divided into two zones, 1.4–3.5 Hz and 3.5–6 Hz. The amplification factor (A 0 ) ranges from 2–8 . The value of the seismic vulnerability index ( K g ) ranges from 1–30; areas with moderate to high seismic vulnerability indexes are in Ngamprah and Cisarua Districts, while the seismic vulnerability index in the Padalarang District is relatively low to moderate.
{"title":"MIKROZONASI SEISMIK WILAYAH PADALARANG, KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE HORIZONTAL TO VERTICAL SPECTRAL RATIO (HVSR)","authors":"Gabrio Hikma Januarta, Tedi Yudistira, Adrin Tohari, Erlangga Ibrahim Fattah","doi":"10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1087","url":null,"abstract":"Dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir terjadi peningkatan aktivitas tektonik di wilayah selatan Pulau Jawa. Salah satu sesar aktif di wilayah Jawa Barat yaitu Sesar Cimandiri dan Sesar Lembang. Sesar Cimandiri berarah barat daya-timur laut, sedangkan Sesar Lembang berarah timur-barat. Melalui citra satelit DEM ( Digital Elevation Model ) pertemuan kedua sesar diduga berada di wilayah Padalarang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Keberadaan infrastruktur penghubung kota seperti jalan tol, rel kereta api serta permukiman penduduk yang padat menjadikan daerah tersebut merupakan daerah yang berpotensi mengalami kerusakaan saat terjadi gempa bumi. Dalam upaya mitigasi diperlukan studi mikrozonasi untuk mengetahui karakteristik tanah. Metode Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HViSR) digunakan untuk mengestimasi nilai frekuensi dominan ( f 0 ) dan faktor amplifikasi ( A 0 ) daerah setempat dari data pengukuran mikrotremor. Dari 42 titik pengukuran didapatkan nilai frekuensi dominan ( f 0 ) yang terbagi kedalam dua zona yaitu 1,4–3,5 Hz dan 3,5–6 Hz. Sedangkan nilai faktor amplifikasi ( A 0 ) berkisar antara 2–8. Nilai indeks kerentanan seismik ( K g ) berkisar antara 1–30, daerah dengan indeks kerentanan seismik ( K g ) sedang hingga tinggi berada di Kecamatan Ngamprah dan Kecamatan Cisarua, sedangkan indeks kerentanan seismik ( K g ) pada daerah Kecamatan Padalarang relatif rendah hingga sedang. ABSTRACT – Seismic Microzonation of Padalarang District, West Bandung Regency Using Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Method . In the last five years, tectonic activity has increased in the southern region of Java Island. One of the active faults i n the West Java region is Cimandiri Fault and Lembang Fault. The Cimandiri Fault is southwest-northeast, while the Lembang Fault is east-west. Through DEM (Digital Elevation Model) satellite imagery, the intersection of the faults is probably located in Padalarang, West Bandung Regency. The existence of urban infrastructures such as toll roads, railways, and dense settlements makes this area have the potential to experience damage during an earthquake. Therefore, in mitigation efforts, microzonation studies are needed to determine the dynamic characteristics of soils in the area. Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method is used to estimate the value of dominant frequency (f 0 ) and the amplification factor (A 0 ) from microtremor measurement data. From 42 measurement points, the dominant frequency value (f 0 ) is divided into two zones, 1.4–3.5 Hz and 3.5–6 Hz. The amplification factor (A 0 ) ranges from 2–8 . The value of the seismic vulnerability index ( K g ) ranges from 1–30; areas with moderate to high seismic vulnerability indexes are in Ngamprah and Cisarua Districts, while the seismic vulnerability index in the Padalarang District is relatively low to moderate.","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88257425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1108
Akhmad Khahlil Gibran, A. Kusworo
Batuan silisiklastik berumur Trias yaitu Formasi Kanikeh, tersebar di Pulau Seram hingga Pulau Kesui dan Teor dari Maluku hingga Maluku Tenggara. Formasi Kanikeh telah lama dikenal memiliki karakteristik batuan induk yang baik. Pemahaman tentang Formasi Kanikeh masih minim, interpretasi lingkungan pengendapan dan korelasi stratigrafi masih ada perbedaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan hasil interpretasi lingkungan pengendapan berdasarkan data terbaru. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengukuran penampang stratigrafi pada empat lintasan pengamatan di daerah Seram Bagian Timur dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis litofasies dan asosiasi fasies. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya 9 litofasies, yaitu: Litofasies Batupasir Konglomeratan (Sg); Litofasies Batupasir Lapisan Silangsiur Mangkok (Sp); Litofasies Batupasir Bioturbasi (Sb); Litofasies Batupasir Karbonan (Sc); Litofasies Batupasir Bergelombang (Sw); Litofasies Batupasir Flasser (Sf); Litofasies Batupasir Laminasi Sejajar (Sh); Litofasies Batulumpur Lenticular (Fl); Litofasies Batulumpur Berlapis (Fsc). Deskripsi litofasies tersebut termasuk ke dalam suatu sistem pengendapan pasang-surut (intertidal) yaitu tidal channel, tidal sand flat, tidal sand-mud mixed flat, dan tidal mudflat. Formasi Kanikeh terendapkan dengan sistem pengendapan batuan silisiklastik yang dipengaruhi oleh arus pasang-surut pada lingkungan pengendapan transisi. ABSTRACT - Facies and depositional environment of Kanikeh Formation, Bula Basin, Maluku. The Triassic siliciclastic rocks, Kanikeh Formation are spread across Seram, Kesui, and Teor Island from Molucca to Southeast Molucca. The Kanikeh formation has been known as an excellent source rock. However, its interpretation of the depositional environment and stratigraphic correlation are still poorly understood. This study aims to give a better understanding of the depositional environment. This study consists of Lithofacies descriptions and facies associations of four stratigraphy measuring sections in Eastern Seram Island. The results of this study indicate that there are 9 lithofacies, including conglomeratic sandstone (Sc); Through cross bed sandstone (Sp); Bioturbated sandstone (Sb); Carboniferous sandstone (Sc); Wavy Sandstone (Sw); Flasser Sandstone (Sf); parallel laminated sandstone (Sh); lenticular mudstone (Fl); dan laminated mudstone (Fsc). The lithofacies description is included in four facies associations which are included in a tidal deposition system (intertidal) there are tidal channels, tidal sand flat, tidal sand-mud mixed flat, dan tidal mudflat. Based on the results Kanikeh Formation is deposited with a siliciclastic deposition system influenced by tidal currents within transition deposition environments.
{"title":"FASIES DAN LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN FORMASI KANIKEH, CEKUNGAN BULA, MALUKU","authors":"Akhmad Khahlil Gibran, A. Kusworo","doi":"10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1108","url":null,"abstract":"Batuan silisiklastik berumur Trias yaitu Formasi Kanikeh, tersebar di Pulau Seram hingga Pulau Kesui dan Teor dari Maluku hingga Maluku Tenggara. Formasi Kanikeh telah lama dikenal memiliki karakteristik batuan induk yang baik. Pemahaman tentang Formasi Kanikeh masih minim, interpretasi lingkungan pengendapan dan korelasi stratigrafi masih ada perbedaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan hasil interpretasi lingkungan pengendapan berdasarkan data terbaru. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengukuran penampang stratigrafi pada empat lintasan pengamatan di daerah Seram Bagian Timur dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis litofasies dan asosiasi fasies. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya 9 litofasies, yaitu: Litofasies Batupasir Konglomeratan (Sg); Litofasies Batupasir Lapisan Silangsiur Mangkok (Sp); Litofasies Batupasir Bioturbasi (Sb); Litofasies Batupasir Karbonan (Sc); Litofasies Batupasir Bergelombang (Sw); Litofasies Batupasir Flasser (Sf); Litofasies Batupasir Laminasi Sejajar (Sh); Litofasies Batulumpur Lenticular (Fl); Litofasies Batulumpur Berlapis (Fsc). Deskripsi litofasies tersebut termasuk ke dalam suatu sistem pengendapan pasang-surut (intertidal) yaitu tidal channel, tidal sand flat, tidal sand-mud mixed flat, dan tidal mudflat. Formasi Kanikeh terendapkan dengan sistem pengendapan batuan silisiklastik yang dipengaruhi oleh arus pasang-surut pada lingkungan pengendapan transisi. ABSTRACT - Facies and depositional environment of Kanikeh Formation, Bula Basin, Maluku. The Triassic siliciclastic rocks, Kanikeh Formation are spread across Seram, Kesui, and Teor Island from Molucca to Southeast Molucca. The Kanikeh formation has been known as an excellent source rock. However, its interpretation of the depositional environment and stratigraphic correlation are still poorly understood. This study aims to give a better understanding of the depositional environment. This study consists of Lithofacies descriptions and facies associations of four stratigraphy measuring sections in Eastern Seram Island. The results of this study indicate that there are 9 lithofacies, including conglomeratic sandstone (Sc); Through cross bed sandstone (Sp); Bioturbated sandstone (Sb); Carboniferous sandstone (Sc); Wavy Sandstone (Sw); Flasser Sandstone (Sf); parallel laminated sandstone (Sh); lenticular mudstone (Fl); dan laminated mudstone (Fsc). The lithofacies description is included in four facies associations which are included in a tidal deposition system (intertidal) there are tidal channels, tidal sand flat, tidal sand-mud mixed flat, dan tidal mudflat. Based on the results Kanikeh Formation is deposited with a siliciclastic deposition system influenced by tidal currents within transition deposition environments.","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82269420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1115
Raymond Kosher Sianturi, M. N. Heriawan, Syafrizal Syafrizal
Pulau Bangka merupakan daerah yang kaya akan mineralisasi timah yang dibawa oleh batuan granit. Selain kaya akan mineralisasi timah, ilmenite, rutile, anatase, zircon, monazite, dan xenotime juga hadir dalam batuan granit sebagai mineral aksesoris. Mineral-mineral ini juga terdapat dalam endapan sekunder timah aluvial dan disebut mineral ikutan timah (MIT). Optimasi spasi bor antara timah dan mineral ikutan timah dibutuhkan agar spasi tersebut dapat mewakili timah dan mineral ikutan timah. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pendekatan geostatistik melalui metode Global Estimation Variance (GEV) untuk menghitung nilai relative error . Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa timah lebih homogen daripada mineral ikutan timah. Spasi optimum yang mewakili Sn (timah) dan mineral ikutan timah berdasarkan pada 8 (delapan) daerah di Pulau Bangka adalah 20 - 25 m untuk measured , 30 - 40 m untuk indicated , dan 40 - 50 m untuk inferred . ABSTRACT – Drill Hole Spacing Analysis for Evaluation of Tin and Associated Minerals Resources in Bangka Island Using Global Estimation Variance. Bangka Island is an area rich in granite rocks bearing tin mineralization. Besides that, ilmenite, rutile, anatase, zircon, monazite, and xenotime are also present in granite as mineral accessories. These minerals are also present in alluvial tin deposits and called as tin associated minerals. Optimization of drill hole spacing between tin and its associated minerals is indispensable so that these spacing can represent the spatial distribution of tin and its associated minerals. Global Estimation Variance (GEV) is used to calculate the relative error. This study showed that tin is more homogeneous than its associated minerals. The optimum spacings representing Sn (tin) and its associated minerals based on the case studies of eight sites at Bangka Islandare20–25m,30–40m,and40–50mfor obtaining the measured, indicated, and inferred resources, respectively.
{"title":"ANALISIS SPASI LUBANG BOR UNTUK MENGEVALUASI SUMBERDAYA TIMAH ALUVIAL DAN MINERAL IKUTANNYA DI PULAU BANGKA DENGAN GLOBAL ESTIMATION VARIANCE","authors":"Raymond Kosher Sianturi, M. N. Heriawan, Syafrizal Syafrizal","doi":"10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1115","url":null,"abstract":"Pulau Bangka merupakan daerah yang kaya akan mineralisasi timah yang dibawa oleh batuan granit. Selain kaya akan mineralisasi timah, ilmenite, rutile, anatase, zircon, monazite, dan xenotime juga hadir dalam batuan granit sebagai mineral aksesoris. Mineral-mineral ini juga terdapat dalam endapan sekunder timah aluvial dan disebut mineral ikutan timah (MIT). Optimasi spasi bor antara timah dan mineral ikutan timah dibutuhkan agar spasi tersebut dapat mewakili timah dan mineral ikutan timah. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pendekatan geostatistik melalui metode Global Estimation Variance (GEV) untuk menghitung nilai relative error . Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa timah lebih homogen daripada mineral ikutan timah. Spasi optimum yang mewakili Sn (timah) dan mineral ikutan timah berdasarkan pada 8 (delapan) daerah di Pulau Bangka adalah 20 - 25 m untuk measured , 30 - 40 m untuk indicated , dan 40 - 50 m untuk inferred . ABSTRACT – Drill Hole Spacing Analysis for Evaluation of Tin and Associated Minerals Resources in Bangka Island Using Global Estimation Variance. Bangka Island is an area rich in granite rocks bearing tin mineralization. Besides that, ilmenite, rutile, anatase, zircon, monazite, and xenotime are also present in granite as mineral accessories. These minerals are also present in alluvial tin deposits and called as tin associated minerals. Optimization of drill hole spacing between tin and its associated minerals is indispensable so that these spacing can represent the spatial distribution of tin and its associated minerals. Global Estimation Variance (GEV) is used to calculate the relative error. This study showed that tin is more homogeneous than its associated minerals. The optimum spacings representing Sn (tin) and its associated minerals based on the case studies of eight sites at Bangka Islandare20–25m,30–40m,and40–50mfor obtaining the measured, indicated, and inferred resources, respectively.","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90679644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1080
Asep Saepuloh, Edo Kharisma Army, Zaki Hilman
Pemetaan parameter fisis berupa permeabilitas magnetik permukaan pada zona lemah yang terkait dengan aktivitas tektonik maupun vulkanik perlu dilakukan seiring dengan meningkatnya aktivitas kegempaan maupun kegunungapian dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Pendeteksian keberadaan zona lemah umumnya dilakukan berdasarkan parameter kelurusan struktur geologi, reflektansi spektra, dan temperatur permukaan dengan memanfaatkan citra satelit optis. Makalah ini mengolah parameter yang berbeda berupa permeabilitas magnetik permukaan ( μ r ), yaitu parameter fisis yang diturunkan dari citra satelit Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) dengan polarisasi penuh ( quad-polarization ) dan diverifikasi dengan pengukuran in situ . Parameter μ r permukaan merupakan salah satu parameter yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan zona lemah jalur fluida termal dari bawah sampai ke permukaan gunung api aktif. Aktivitas hidrotermal mengakibatkan degradasi nilai magnetik batuan di sekitarnya, sehingga ekstraksi nilai permeabilitas magnetik permukaan μ r dianggap sangat efektif untuk mengidentifikasi jalur fluida termal di permukaan. Modifikasi pada metode dielectric from Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (dPSAR) menggunakan citra PolSAR dilakukan untuk mendapatkan parameter permeabilitas magnetik permukaan μ r , yaitu kemampuan permukaan tanah dalam menerima respon medan magnet, disamping permitivitas dielektrik e r . Pengukuran μ r in situ di lapangan menggunakan alat ukur Ferromaster Magnetic Permeability Meter dilakukan untuk menganalisis tingkat akurasi μ r dari hasil inversi dPSAR. Berdasarkan uji validasi, nilai koefisien determinasi R 2 yang diperoleh cukup tinggi, yaitu sekitar 0,73 antara μ r hasil dPSAR dan pengukuran lapangan. Selain itu, hasil uji normalitas menunjukkan nilai residual antara keduanya terdistribusi normal. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pendeteksian μ r dengan metode dPSAR memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan dan diaplikasikan lebih lanjut dalam pemetaan fisis geologi di permukaan. ABSTRACT - Surface Magnetic Permeability Mapping Using Sar Polarimetric and In Situ Measurement at Volcanic Field. Physical parameters mapping of surface magnetic permeability in weak zones associated with tectonic and volcanic activity is necessary due to the increasing seismic and volcanic activity in recent years. Typically, weak zones are detected from lineament related geological structures, reflectance spectra, and surface temperature visually on optical satellite images. This paper processed a different physical parameter of surface magnetic permeability (μ r ) derived from the Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) quad-polarization satellite image that was verified by field measurement. The μ r was used to identify the weak zones connected to the fluid path of the subsurface hydrothermal system of an active volcano. The activity of hydrothermal fluids through the weak zones is responsible for the degradation of the magnetic permeabil
随着近年来紧张活动和热解活动的增加，需要在与构造和火山活动相关的弱地形性区域的磁化参数进行映射。弱项的存在通常是基于地质结构、光谱反射和表面温度参数，利用光学卫星图像。本文表面磁处理不同的渗透性参数(μr),即fisis参数传下来的卫星图像Polarimetric合成孔径雷达(PolSAR)满极化(quad-polarization)测量和验证在那里。表面参数μr是用来识别的参数之一弱区一条热流体从下到地面的活火山。退化导致的热液活动价值提取周围的磁性岩石,渗透性表面磁μr被认为是非常有效的热流体识别道路表面上。修改的方法从Polarimetric dielectric合成孔径雷达(dPSAR)为获得渗透性表面磁性参数使用PolSAR形象做μr,即地面接受响应磁场的能力,除了介电permitivitas e r。μr在那里在球场上用仪表测量Ferromaster磁Permeability米进行分析结果的准确性μr级倒置dPSAR。根据试验验证,决心滑动系数R 2获得的价值很高,大约是0.73μR dPSAR和现场测量结果之间的关系。此外，标准化测试结果显示，正常分布之间的剩余值。这表明检测μr dPSAR方法有潜力的进一步开发和应用,并在表面地质的映射。消元面磁通量应用Sar -极化测量，在火山场进行试验。神经电活动与地震和火山活动之间不断增加的地震和火山活动有关。典型的，微粒子是从直线地理结构、反射光谱和光学卫星图像的表面温度发现的。这篇文章(processed a different地面磁permeability之体格,这些参数(μr) derived from《Polarimetric卫星合成孔径雷达(PolSAR) quad-polarization那是核实由陆军测量的形象。《软弱μr是习惯透露使用路径》区域连通到subsurface hydrothermal系统的活跃的火山。hydrothermal之活动fluids穿过软弱区域是磁性permeability》(responsible for The degradation of主机岩那推翻μr是有效in identifying使用path at The地面。A modification已经应用dielectric》从Polarimetric合成孔径雷达(dPSAR)方法用《PolSAR形象由invertingμr,在加法,到e r parameters,那美国服务-能力之地面地面responds to the磁陆军。测量用Ferromasterμr in the field的磁Permeability米评比》是carried out to analyze invertedμr从《dPSAR方法。validation test》弥足μr那derived from dPSAR和陆军测量,a high coefficient决心的r - 73是achieved 2.0》。在补充中，规范测试表明剩余值分布正常。这就是,《用dPSARμr inversion方法有潜在的to be developed为高级的体格和应用地面地质绘图。
{"title":"PEMETAAN PERMEABILITAS MAGNETIK PERMUKAAN BERBASIS CITRA SAR POLARIMETRIK DENGAN PENGUKURAN IN SITU DI LAPANGAN GUNUNG API","authors":"Asep Saepuloh, Edo Kharisma Army, Zaki Hilman","doi":"10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1080","url":null,"abstract":"Pemetaan parameter fisis berupa permeabilitas magnetik permukaan pada zona lemah yang terkait dengan aktivitas tektonik maupun vulkanik perlu dilakukan seiring dengan meningkatnya aktivitas kegempaan maupun kegunungapian dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Pendeteksian keberadaan zona lemah umumnya dilakukan berdasarkan parameter kelurusan struktur geologi, reflektansi spektra, dan temperatur permukaan dengan memanfaatkan citra satelit optis. Makalah ini mengolah parameter yang berbeda berupa permeabilitas magnetik permukaan ( μ r ), yaitu parameter fisis yang diturunkan dari citra satelit Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) dengan polarisasi penuh ( quad-polarization ) dan diverifikasi dengan pengukuran in situ . Parameter μ r permukaan merupakan salah satu parameter yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan zona lemah jalur fluida termal dari bawah sampai ke permukaan gunung api aktif. Aktivitas hidrotermal mengakibatkan degradasi nilai magnetik batuan di sekitarnya, sehingga ekstraksi nilai permeabilitas magnetik permukaan μ r dianggap sangat efektif untuk mengidentifikasi jalur fluida termal di permukaan. Modifikasi pada metode dielectric from Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (dPSAR) menggunakan citra PolSAR dilakukan untuk mendapatkan parameter permeabilitas magnetik permukaan μ r , yaitu kemampuan permukaan tanah dalam menerima respon medan magnet, disamping permitivitas dielektrik e r . Pengukuran μ r in situ di lapangan menggunakan alat ukur Ferromaster Magnetic Permeability Meter dilakukan untuk menganalisis tingkat akurasi μ r dari hasil inversi dPSAR. Berdasarkan uji validasi, nilai koefisien determinasi R 2 yang diperoleh cukup tinggi, yaitu sekitar 0,73 antara μ r hasil dPSAR dan pengukuran lapangan. Selain itu, hasil uji normalitas menunjukkan nilai residual antara keduanya terdistribusi normal. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pendeteksian μ r dengan metode dPSAR memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan dan diaplikasikan lebih lanjut dalam pemetaan fisis geologi di permukaan. ABSTRACT - Surface Magnetic Permeability Mapping Using Sar Polarimetric and In Situ Measurement at Volcanic Field. Physical parameters mapping of surface magnetic permeability in weak zones associated with tectonic and volcanic activity is necessary due to the increasing seismic and volcanic activity in recent years. Typically, weak zones are detected from lineament related geological structures, reflectance spectra, and surface temperature visually on optical satellite images. This paper processed a different physical parameter of surface magnetic permeability (μ r ) derived from the Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) quad-polarization satellite image that was verified by field measurement. The μ r was used to identify the weak zones connected to the fluid path of the subsurface hydrothermal system of an active volcano. The activity of hydrothermal fluids through the weak zones is responsible for the degradation of the magnetic permeabil","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81609361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1131
N. Dewi, Adrin Tohari, Imam Muttaqien
Secara geologi, wilayah Cekungan Bandung tersusun oleh endapan danau Bandung purba yang terdiri atas lapisan lempung dengan sisipan lapisan pasir sehingga rentan terhadap likuifaksi akibat gempa bumi. Metode analisis multi-sensor gelombang permukaan ( MASW ) adalah salah satu metode geofisika yang menghasilkan model satu dimensi kecepatan gelombang geser ( Vs ) terhadap kedalaman. Makalah ini menyajikan hasil analisis potensi likuifaksi menggunakan data profil Vs di 5 lokasi yang tersebar di wilayah Cekungan Bandung. Data Vs diperoleh dengan menggunakan 24 geophone yang tersebar dengan spasi 4 meter di setiap lokasi penelitian. Hasil analisis data menggunakan metode MASW menghasilkan profil Vs dan Vs30 di setiap lokasi yang menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tanah di wilayah Cekungan Bandung dapat diklasifikasi dalam kelas situs E dan D. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil analisis potensi likuifaksi menggunakan profil Vs , dengan mempertimbangkan percepatan tanah puncak yang dihasilkan oleh Sesar Lembang ( M w 6,5), mengindikasikan bahwa lapisan pasir di dalam endapan danau purba mempunyai potensi likuifaksi pada kedalaman dan ketebalan yang bervariasi. Lapisan pasir dengan nilai Vs < 175 m/detik yang menyebabkan potensi likuifaksi di daerah Bojongemas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daerah lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kesesuaian dengan hasil analisis likuifaksi berdasarkan metode uji penetrasi standar dari hasil penelitian terdahulu. ABSTRACT - The Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential in Bandung Basin Area Based on Multi-sensor Analysis of Surface Wave. The Bandung Basin region is composed of ancient Bandung lake sediment deposits consisting of thick clay layers intercalated with sand layers, which is vulnerable to liquefaction due to earthquakes. The multi-sensor surface wave (MASW) analysis method is a geophysical method that produces a one-dimensional model of shear wave velocity (Vs) against depth . . This paper presents the results of an analysis of the potential for liquefaction using Vs profile data at 5 locations spread across the Bandung Basin. using 24 geophones with 4-m spacing. The results of data analysis using the MASW method produce Vs and Vs30 profiles at each location which indicate that the soil layers in the Bandung Basin area can be classified into E and D site classes. Meanwhile, based on the results of the analysis of potential liquefaction using the Vs profile, taking into account the peak soil acceleration produced by the Lembang Fault (Mw 6.5), indicates that the sand layer in ancient lake sediment deposits has the potential for liquefaction at varying depths and thicknesses. Sand layer with a value of Vs <175 m / sec which causes the potential for liquefaction in the Bojongemas area is higher than in the other areas. The results of this study confirm liquefaction analysis based on the standard penetration test method from the previous study
从地质学上讲，万隆盆地地区是由古万隆湖的沉积物组成的，由一层层的粘土和一层层的沙组成，因此很容易受到地震的影响。多面波传感器分析方法(MASW)是地球物理的方法之一，它产生了对深度的单维波速度模型。这篇论文展示了一个潜在的分析结果，利用配置文件对该派别分布在万隆盆地的5个地点。通过使用24个振动体分散在每个研究地点的4米空间中获得了v级数据。数据分析使用MASW方法产生的结果Vs和Vs30在每个位置的资料表明,万隆盆地地区表层土壤在课堂上可以分类网站E和D。而根据likuifaksi潜力分析使用此配置文件Vs,考虑加速度地由剖腹产的山峰Lembang (M w 6.5),这表明，古湖沉积物中的一层沙子有可能对不同深度和厚度进行清晰度的清除。一层价值15175米/秒的沙子，使得bojongs地区的派系清盘潜力高于其他地区。本研究根据过去研究的标准渗透测试方法，证明了与派系清权分析结果一致。抽象分析——基于微波多传感器分析的万隆盆地潜力评估。万隆盆地是古万隆湖的沉淀物，被土土拉与沙拉斯相连，很容易向地震口口对口。多传感器表面波分析方法是一种二维方法，其生产出一种单次次循环波速度模型。这篇论文展示了一种潜在的利尿剂分析，使用5个点在万隆盆地传播。使用4米深的geophones。数据分析的结果在万隆盆地地区的每一个地点都可以分类。我的意思是，考虑到潜在利弊分析的结果使用了对资料的方法，获取由Lembang断层(rs 6.5)生产的峰值soil acceleration账户，在古代湖沉积的沙子沉积中有潜在的利弊。砂层的价格比175米/秒高，这使得潜在的镀金面积比其他地区高。本研究结果的结果是基于本研究的标准渗透测试方法分析
{"title":"EVALUASI POTENSI LIKUIFAKSI DI WILAYAH CEKUNGAN BANDUNG BERDASARKAN METODE ANALISIS MULTI-SENSOR GELOMBANG PERMUKAAN","authors":"N. Dewi, Adrin Tohari, Imam Muttaqien","doi":"10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1131","url":null,"abstract":"Secara geologi, wilayah Cekungan Bandung tersusun oleh endapan danau Bandung purba yang terdiri atas lapisan lempung dengan sisipan lapisan pasir sehingga rentan terhadap likuifaksi akibat gempa bumi. Metode analisis multi-sensor gelombang permukaan ( MASW ) adalah salah satu metode geofisika yang menghasilkan model satu dimensi kecepatan gelombang geser ( Vs ) terhadap kedalaman. Makalah ini menyajikan hasil analisis potensi likuifaksi menggunakan data profil Vs di 5 lokasi yang tersebar di wilayah Cekungan Bandung. Data Vs diperoleh dengan menggunakan 24 geophone yang tersebar dengan spasi 4 meter di setiap lokasi penelitian. Hasil analisis data menggunakan metode MASW menghasilkan profil Vs dan Vs30 di setiap lokasi yang menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tanah di wilayah Cekungan Bandung dapat diklasifikasi dalam kelas situs E dan D. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil analisis potensi likuifaksi menggunakan profil Vs , dengan mempertimbangkan percepatan tanah puncak yang dihasilkan oleh Sesar Lembang ( M w 6,5), mengindikasikan bahwa lapisan pasir di dalam endapan danau purba mempunyai potensi likuifaksi pada kedalaman dan ketebalan yang bervariasi. Lapisan pasir dengan nilai Vs < 175 m/detik yang menyebabkan potensi likuifaksi di daerah Bojongemas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daerah lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kesesuaian dengan hasil analisis likuifaksi berdasarkan metode uji penetrasi standar dari hasil penelitian terdahulu. ABSTRACT - The Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential in Bandung Basin Area Based on Multi-sensor Analysis of Surface Wave. The Bandung Basin region is composed of ancient Bandung lake sediment deposits consisting of thick clay layers intercalated with sand layers, which is vulnerable to liquefaction due to earthquakes. The multi-sensor surface wave (MASW) analysis method is a geophysical method that produces a one-dimensional model of shear wave velocity (Vs) against depth . . This paper presents the results of an analysis of the potential for liquefaction using Vs profile data at 5 locations spread across the Bandung Basin. using 24 geophones with 4-m spacing. The results of data analysis using the MASW method produce Vs and Vs30 profiles at each location which indicate that the soil layers in the Bandung Basin area can be classified into E and D site classes. Meanwhile, based on the results of the analysis of potential liquefaction using the Vs profile, taking into account the peak soil acceleration produced by the Lembang Fault (Mw 6.5), indicates that the sand layer in ancient lake sediment deposits has the potential for liquefaction at varying depths and thicknesses. Sand layer with a value of Vs <175 m / sec which causes the potential for liquefaction in the Bojongemas area is higher than in the other areas. The results of this study confirm liquefaction analysis based on the standard penetration test method from the previous study","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73073327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1097
D. Permana, Rizky Kumalasari, Wahab Wahab, M. Musnajam
Ekstraksi nikel laterit menggunakan metode hidrometalurgi lebih efisien dari segi konsumsi energi dengan lebih sedikit gas buang dibandingkan dengan metode pirometalurgi. Hal ini menyebabkan nikel laterit berkadar rendah dapat diekstraksi lebih banyak menggunakan metode hidrometalurgi. Salah satu metode hidrometalurgi dalam mengekstraksi nikel dari bijih nikel laterit adalah Atmospheric Acid Leaching . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data persentase perolehan nikel, menentukan variabel yang paling berpengaruh dan menentukan kondisi optimum dalam proses pelindian. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan variasi pada faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam proses leaching yakni temperatur, konsentrasi asam dan waktu pelindian. Analisis kandungan nikel hasil pelindian dilakukan menggunakan Atomic Adsorbtion Spectroscopy (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase perolehan nikel terendah adalah 9,40% Ni dan tertinggi 75,76% Ni. Perhitungan ANOVA digunakan untuk menentukan faktor paling berpengaruh pada proses pelindian nikel laterit. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam penelitian ini adalah temperatur (B), diikuti konsentrasi asam (A), waktu pelindian (C), interaksi konsentrasi-temperatur (AB), interaksi temperatur-waktu (BC), interaksi konsentrasi-waktu (AC) dan interaksi konsentrasi-temperatur-waktu (ABC). Kondisi optimum pelindian diperoleh pada kondisi temperatur 75°C, konsentrasi asam 2,9-3 Molar dalam waktu 69-70 menit dengan perolehan nikel >70%. ABSTRACT - Leaching o f Low-Grade Nickel Laterite Ore Using Atmospheric Acid Leaching Method i n Hydrochloric Acid . Nickel laterite extraction using the hydrometallurgical method is more efficient in energy consumption with less exhaust gas than the pyrometallurgical method. This method causes the extraction of low-grade nickel laterite ore using hydrometallurgy could be more effective. One of the hydrometallurgical methods to extract nickel from its ore is atmospheric acid leaching. This research aims to determine the percentage of nickel recovery through the leaching process, determine the most influenced leaching factor, and determine the optimum leaching condition. The main factors that influence the leaching process are temperature, acid concentration, and leaching time. Atomic adsorption spectroscopy was chosen to analyze the leaching solution. This research showed that the lowest recovery of nickel leaching was 9,40% of Ni, and the highest was 75,76% of Ni. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the most influenced factor of leaching. The most influenced factor was the temperature (B), followed by acid concentration (A), duration (C), the interaction of acid concentration-temperature (AB), the interaction of temperature-duration (BC), the interaction of acid concentration-duration (AC), and interaction of acid concentration-temperature-duration (ABC). The optimum leaching condition is at 75°C of temperature, 2,9-3 molar of acid concentration, in 69-70 minutes of duration,
镍laterit采用的冶金冶炼方法在能源消费方面比piro冶金方法更有效。这使得低水平的镍可以使用更多的冶金方法提取。从laterit矿石中提取镍的冶金方法之一是Atmospheric Acid Leaching。本研究的目标是获取镍收益百分比数据，确定影响最大的变量，确定pelindian进程的最佳状态。在这项研究中，影响气候、酸性浓度和周期性过程的因素发生了变化。pelindian的镍含量分析是使用原子吸附光谱现象(AAS)进行的。研究发现，最低的镍收入为9.40%，最高为75.76%。ANOVA的计算被用来确定镍最后蒸馏过程中影响最大的因素。这项研究的主要影响因素是温度(B)、酸浓度(A)、周期性时间(C)、温度相互作用(AB)、时间相互作用(BC)、时间相互作用(AC)和时间相互作用(ABC)。获得最佳条件pelindian在75°C的温度条件,酸浓度2,9-3磨牙69时间70分钟,以镍> 70%。稀释o f低等级镍雷，采用Atmospheric酸头酸和氢氯酸。五分镍币提取用的是氢化冶金方法，比燃烧的冶金方法更不消耗能量消耗。这种低等级镍的提取方法可以更有效地使用氢冶金学。一种氢冶金方法从其矿石中提取五分之一的氧乙酸。这项研究旨在确定在遗产过程中恢复的五分之一，确定最受影响的因素，确定最佳程度。影响遗产的主要因素是温度、酸性集中和上城区。原子导体分析被选中分析leaching solution。这项研究表明，镍回收率为9.40%，其最低点为75.76%。变量分析被用来确定最不受影响的决定因素。《头号influenced因素是温度(B),跟着偏酸双臀(A),持续时间(C), The interaction of acid concentration-temperature (AB), The interaction of temperature-duration (BC), The interaction of acid concentration-duration(空调),and interaction of酸concentration-temperature-duration (ABC)。《最佳leaching condition is at 75°C的温度,69 2,9-3之酸双臀,磨牙在70分钟的持续,哪种> 70%的Ni复苏了。
{"title":"PELINDIAN BIJIH NIKEL LATERIT KADAR RENDAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE ATMOSPHERIC ACID LEACHING DALAM MEDIA ASAM KLORIDA (HCL)","authors":"D. Permana, Rizky Kumalasari, Wahab Wahab, M. Musnajam","doi":"10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1097","url":null,"abstract":"Ekstraksi nikel laterit menggunakan metode hidrometalurgi lebih efisien dari segi konsumsi energi dengan lebih sedikit gas buang dibandingkan dengan metode pirometalurgi. Hal ini menyebabkan nikel laterit berkadar rendah dapat diekstraksi lebih banyak menggunakan metode hidrometalurgi. Salah satu metode hidrometalurgi dalam mengekstraksi nikel dari bijih nikel laterit adalah Atmospheric Acid Leaching . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data persentase perolehan nikel, menentukan variabel yang paling berpengaruh dan menentukan kondisi optimum dalam proses pelindian. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan variasi pada faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam proses leaching yakni temperatur, konsentrasi asam dan waktu pelindian. Analisis kandungan nikel hasil pelindian dilakukan menggunakan Atomic Adsorbtion Spectroscopy (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase perolehan nikel terendah adalah 9,40% Ni dan tertinggi 75,76% Ni. Perhitungan ANOVA digunakan untuk menentukan faktor paling berpengaruh pada proses pelindian nikel laterit. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam penelitian ini adalah temperatur (B), diikuti konsentrasi asam (A), waktu pelindian (C), interaksi konsentrasi-temperatur (AB), interaksi temperatur-waktu (BC), interaksi konsentrasi-waktu (AC) dan interaksi konsentrasi-temperatur-waktu (ABC). Kondisi optimum pelindian diperoleh pada kondisi temperatur 75°C, konsentrasi asam 2,9-3 Molar dalam waktu 69-70 menit dengan perolehan nikel >70%. ABSTRACT - Leaching o f Low-Grade Nickel Laterite Ore Using Atmospheric Acid Leaching Method i n Hydrochloric Acid . Nickel laterite extraction using the hydrometallurgical method is more efficient in energy consumption with less exhaust gas than the pyrometallurgical method. This method causes the extraction of low-grade nickel laterite ore using hydrometallurgy could be more effective. One of the hydrometallurgical methods to extract nickel from its ore is atmospheric acid leaching. This research aims to determine the percentage of nickel recovery through the leaching process, determine the most influenced leaching factor, and determine the optimum leaching condition. The main factors that influence the leaching process are temperature, acid concentration, and leaching time. Atomic adsorption spectroscopy was chosen to analyze the leaching solution. This research showed that the lowest recovery of nickel leaching was 9,40% of Ni, and the highest was 75,76% of Ni. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the most influenced factor of leaching. The most influenced factor was the temperature (B), followed by acid concentration (A), duration (C), the interaction of acid concentration-temperature (AB), the interaction of temperature-duration (BC), the interaction of acid concentration-duration (AC), and interaction of acid concentration-temperature-duration (ABC). The optimum leaching condition is at 75°C of temperature, 2,9-3 molar of acid concentration, in 69-70 minutes of duration, ","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73953894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1090
Satrio Satrio, Rasi Prasetio, Paston Sidauruk
Mataair panas di Jawa Barat tersebar hampir merata dari selatan hingga utara dan umumnya berada di daerah gunung api, baik yang masih aktif maupun yang sudah tidak aktif. Pada tahap eksplorasi panas bumi, keberadaan mataair panas ini sangat menarik untuk diteliti, khususnya terkait komposisi isotopnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sumber air panas di Jawa Barat dengan menggunakan pendekatan isotop stabil 2 H dan 18 O dari sejumlah sampel air panas yang diambil dari beberapa lokasi, yang meliputi Gunung Pancar dan Ciseeng, Bogor; Gunung Gede, Cianjur; Santa, Sukabumi; serta Palimanan, Cirebon. Hasil analisis isotop 18 O dan 2 H sampel air dari beberapa mataair panas di Jawa Barat menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik mataair panas Gunung Pancar dan Sukabumi lebih dominan berasal dari air meteorik. Sementara mataair panas daerah Ciseeng dan Palimanan merupakan hasil interaksi dengan batuan karbonat (CaCO 3 ). Sedangkan mataair panas area Gunung Gede berasal dari hasil interaksi dengan batuan andesitik dengan fraksi air andesitik antara 0,03 hingga 0,21. ABSTRACT – Stable Isotopes ( 18 O and 2 H) Characteristics of Several Hot Springs in West Java. Hot springs locations in West Java are distributed from south to north and are generally associated with active or inactive volcanoes. During the exploration stage, hot springs become a point of interest for geothermal investigation, especially regarding the water isotope compositions. This study aimed to obtain the hot springs' characteristics in West Java based on the 18 O and 2 H isotope compositions. Water samples were collected from several hot springs in West Java, i.e., Gunung Pancar and Ciseeng, Bogor; Gunung Gede, Cianjur; Santa, Sukabumi; and Palimanan, Cirebon. The result shows that the characteristics of Gunung Pancar and Sukabumi hot springs are dominated by meteoric water. Meanwhile, interactions with carbonate rocks occur in Ciseeng and Palimaman hot springs. While, hot springs in Gunung Gede are the product of water interaction with andesitic rocks, with the fraction of andesitic waters between 0.003 to 0.21.
{"title":"KARAKTERISTIK ISOTOP 18O DAN 2H DARI BEBERAPA MATAAIR PANAS DI JAWA BARAT","authors":"Satrio Satrio, Rasi Prasetio, Paston Sidauruk","doi":"10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/RISETGEOTAM2020.V30.1090","url":null,"abstract":"Mataair panas di Jawa Barat tersebar hampir merata dari selatan hingga utara dan umumnya berada di daerah gunung api, baik yang masih aktif maupun yang sudah tidak aktif. Pada tahap eksplorasi panas bumi, keberadaan mataair panas ini sangat menarik untuk diteliti, khususnya terkait komposisi isotopnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sumber air panas di Jawa Barat dengan menggunakan pendekatan isotop stabil 2 H dan 18 O dari sejumlah sampel air panas yang diambil dari beberapa lokasi, yang meliputi Gunung Pancar dan Ciseeng, Bogor; Gunung Gede, Cianjur; Santa, Sukabumi; serta Palimanan, Cirebon. Hasil analisis isotop 18 O dan 2 H sampel air dari beberapa mataair panas di Jawa Barat menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik mataair panas Gunung Pancar dan Sukabumi lebih dominan berasal dari air meteorik. Sementara mataair panas daerah Ciseeng dan Palimanan merupakan hasil interaksi dengan batuan karbonat (CaCO 3 ). Sedangkan mataair panas area Gunung Gede berasal dari hasil interaksi dengan batuan andesitik dengan fraksi air andesitik antara 0,03 hingga 0,21. ABSTRACT – Stable Isotopes ( 18 O and 2 H) Characteristics of Several Hot Springs in West Java. Hot springs locations in West Java are distributed from south to north and are generally associated with active or inactive volcanoes. During the exploration stage, hot springs become a point of interest for geothermal investigation, especially regarding the water isotope compositions. This study aimed to obtain the hot springs' characteristics in West Java based on the 18 O and 2 H isotope compositions. Water samples were collected from several hot springs in West Java, i.e., Gunung Pancar and Ciseeng, Bogor; Gunung Gede, Cianjur; Santa, Sukabumi; and Palimanan, Cirebon. The result shows that the characteristics of Gunung Pancar and Sukabumi hot springs are dominated by meteoric water. Meanwhile, interactions with carbonate rocks occur in Ciseeng and Palimaman hot springs. While, hot springs in Gunung Gede are the product of water interaction with andesitic rocks, with the fraction of andesitic waters between 0.003 to 0.21.","PeriodicalId":41045,"journal":{"name":"Riset Geologi dan Pertambangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86955017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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