Osahiko Tsuji, Kohei Matsubayashi, Yosuke Horiuchi, Yuji Komaki, J. Hata, Tsunehiko Konomi, K. Fujiyoshi, Shizuko Kosugi, M. Nakamura
Patients with spinal cord injury suffered from not only motor paralysis but also intolerable neuropathic pain. Regarding the mechanism, various theories such as functional changes in the brain, disorders within the spinal dorsal horn and/or spinothalamic tract have been proposed. However, the feasible animal models with solid reproducibility has been insufficiently verified. We have established the mice fMRI system, reported the results of mice–fMRI after L 5 nerve injury and resting state–fMRI imaging after thoracic cord transection injury in mice. Furthermore, in a clinical setting we evaluated the brain morphometry of the cases with spinal intra medullary tumor surgery by VBM, and found the gray matter volume of some brain regions was increased related with pain intensity. Besides fMRI and VBM analysis, we developed diffusion MRI techniques which could depict neuronal axons and myelination within the spinal cord (“diffusion tensor tractgraphy” and “myelin map”, respectively). In this review, I would like to outline our results of MRI analysis of neuropathic pain so far.
{"title":"MRI evaluation of myelopathic pain after spinal cord injury or spinal cord tumor surgery","authors":"Osahiko Tsuji, Kohei Matsubayashi, Yosuke Horiuchi, Yuji Komaki, J. Hata, Tsunehiko Konomi, K. Fujiyoshi, Shizuko Kosugi, M. Nakamura","doi":"10.11154/pain.35.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.35.34","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with spinal cord injury suffered from not only motor paralysis but also intolerable neuropathic pain. Regarding the mechanism, various theories such as functional changes in the brain, disorders within the spinal dorsal horn and/or spinothalamic tract have been proposed. However, the feasible animal models with solid reproducibility has been insufficiently verified. We have established the mice fMRI system, reported the results of mice–fMRI after L 5 nerve injury and resting state–fMRI imaging after thoracic cord transection injury in mice. Furthermore, in a clinical setting we evaluated the brain morphometry of the cases with spinal intra medullary tumor surgery by VBM, and found the gray matter volume of some brain regions was increased related with pain intensity. Besides fMRI and VBM analysis, we developed diffusion MRI techniques which could depict neuronal axons and myelination within the spinal cord (“diffusion tensor tractgraphy” and “myelin map”, respectively). In this review, I would like to outline our results of MRI analysis of neuropathic pain so far.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42586349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Iseki, K. Yamaguchi, A. Hara, Saeko Hamaoka, A. Kawai, Satoko Chiba
The importance of perioperative management has been emphasized in recent years so that patients who go through surgeries may return to their normal life as quickly as possible. In achieving this objective, pain management plays a key role in that alleviating pain in the earliest possible timing not only provides favorable effects both physically and psychologically but may also contribute toward preventing development of chronic postsurgical pains (CPSPs). While the actual risk of developing CPSP is comprised of a complex mixture of various factors before, during and after surgeries, 70 ％ of such pains are considered to be predictable based on clinical factors. In order to prevent the development of CPSP, then, finding high–risk patients from among those who are to go under surgeries and providing them with pre–surgery patient education as well as continuous postsurgical pain management and care by interdisciplinary teams should be helpful. The authors look forward to seeing more postsurgical pain management teams with anesthesiologists as their pivotal members to be formed in Japan.
{"title":"The future of postsurgical pain management as envisaged from the perspective of preventing the development of chronic postsurgical pains","authors":"M. Iseki, K. Yamaguchi, A. Hara, Saeko Hamaoka, A. Kawai, Satoko Chiba","doi":"10.11154/pain.35.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.35.1","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of perioperative management has been emphasized in recent years so that patients who go through surgeries may return to their normal life as quickly as possible. In achieving this objective, pain management plays a key role in that alleviating pain in the earliest possible timing not only provides favorable effects both physically and psychologically but may also contribute toward preventing development of chronic postsurgical pains (CPSPs). While the actual risk of developing CPSP is comprised of a complex mixture of various factors before, during and after surgeries, 70 ％ of such pains are considered to be predictable based on clinical factors. In order to prevent the development of CPSP, then, finding high–risk patients from among those who are to go under surgeries and providing them with pre–surgery patient education as well as continuous postsurgical pain management and care by interdisciplinary teams should be helpful. The authors look forward to seeing more postsurgical pain management teams with anesthesiologists as their pivotal members to be formed in Japan.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43725191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoshinori Takemura, M. Narita, N. Kuzumaki, M. Yamazaki
Although it is well known that pain varies from patient to patient, tailor–made medicine for patients in pain has not yet been realized. Anesthesiologists often encounter patients whose pain persists after surgery, even though could be managed before the operation. It can be difficult to alleviate such prolonged pain a generic. In the future, to respond to pain in individual patients, it will be necessary to analyze pain–related signals that reflect not only the findings captured in conventional images and examinations, but also the physiological state, genetic background, and the state of the disease in patients. We have been searching for pain–related signals through basic research. Our functional MRI studies showed that the pain pathway was activated if analgesics were not administered under general anesthesia during surgery. This induced epigenomic modification in the spinal cord and brain, which was speculated to lead to prolonged pain as well as secondary emotional and sleep disorders. We also found that cytokine storms caused by surgery were the source of prolonged pain. Furthermore, in microRNA (miRNA) studies, early peripheral neuropathy significantly increased the expression of several miRNAs caused by inflam matory cytokines in the dorsal root ganglia. This led to concomitant increases in the expression of inflammation–derived exosomal miRNAs in the blood. We believe these findings will provide new information for next–generation pain treatment. In the future, “stratify” pain patients, it will be necessary to collect informa tion from procedures such as liquid biopsies. Individual and common para meters can be created based on mathematical analysis, data compression, and clustering analysis. Based on this information, we will create highly limited and diverse animal models of by individually introducing pain parameter–induced genes, and study pathological analysis and treatment methods. If such translational pain research becomes possible, tailor–made medicine for pain will become closer to reality.
{"title":"Seeking to realize tailor–made medicine for pain","authors":"Yoshinori Takemura, M. Narita, N. Kuzumaki, M. Yamazaki","doi":"10.11154/pain.35.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.35.24","url":null,"abstract":"Although it is well known that pain varies from patient to patient, tailor–made medicine for patients in pain has not yet been realized. Anesthesiologists often encounter patients whose pain persists after surgery, even though could be managed before the operation. It can be difficult to alleviate such prolonged pain a generic. In the future, to respond to pain in individual patients, it will be necessary to analyze pain–related signals that reflect not only the findings captured in conventional images and examinations, but also the physiological state, genetic background, and the state of the disease in patients. We have been searching for pain–related signals through basic research. Our functional MRI studies showed that the pain pathway was activated if analgesics were not administered under general anesthesia during surgery. This induced epigenomic modification in the spinal cord and brain, which was speculated to lead to prolonged pain as well as secondary emotional and sleep disorders. We also found that cytokine storms caused by surgery were the source of prolonged pain. Furthermore, in microRNA (miRNA) studies, early peripheral neuropathy significantly increased the expression of several miRNAs caused by inflam matory cytokines in the dorsal root ganglia. This led to concomitant increases in the expression of inflammation–derived exosomal miRNAs in the blood. We believe these findings will provide new information for next–generation pain treatment. In the future, “stratify” pain patients, it will be necessary to collect informa tion from procedures such as liquid biopsies. Individual and common para meters can be created based on mathematical analysis, data compression, and clustering analysis. Based on this information, we will create highly limited and diverse animal models of by individually introducing pain parameter–induced genes, and study pathological analysis and treatment methods. If such translational pain research becomes possible, tailor–made medicine for pain will become closer to reality.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43286108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain experience is strongly affected by emotions, and especially, negative emotions cause more painful perception. And as mechanisms of linking to chronic pain, negative emotions are also important factors. We have been gradually studying the association between negative emotions and painful perception, and we will review these relationship by using clinical symptoms and neuroimaging data. Our studies have been approved by the Hiroshima University ethics committee.
{"title":"Neuroimaging studies about the relationship between negative emotions and pain","authors":"A. Yoshino, Y. Okamoto, S. Yamawaki","doi":"10.11154/pain.35.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.35.17","url":null,"abstract":"Pain experience is strongly affected by emotions, and especially, negative emotions cause more painful perception. And as mechanisms of linking to chronic pain, negative emotions are also important factors. We have been gradually studying the association between negative emotions and painful perception, and we will review these relationship by using clinical symptoms and neuroimaging data. Our studies have been approved by the Hiroshima University ethics committee.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42066780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hiroki Ushirozako, G. Yoshida, T. Hasegawa, Yu Yamato, Takahiro Natsume, S. Ogawa, Y. Awaga, A. Hama, H. Takamatsu, Y. Matsuyama
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is expected as a biomarker of pain because it can objectively evaluate changes in cerebral blood flow associated with neuron activity against pain. We have developed pain models for cynomolgus macaques because it is more compatible with humans in regard to the structures and functions of brain regions which is suggested to be involved in pain in humans. Aside from humans, the cynomolgus macaques are the most widespread primate genus, ranging from Japan to North Africa. Since the macaques are the animal species closest to humans among those which can be used for invasive experiments, they are widely used to understand the mechanisms of the human brain. The purpose of this study is to elucidate pain–related brain activation regions in the macaque models using fMRI. Generally, pain testing in animal models has been based on avoidance behavior against pain stimuli. However, we identified pain– related brain activation regions using fMRI under propofol anesthesia as a more objective evaluation method. In the macaque model of chymopapain–induced discogenic low back pain, the activity of the insular cortex occurred in response to lumbar compression stimulation. In the macaque model of oxaliplatin–induced neuropathic cold hypersensitivity, activation of the insular cortex also occurred in response to cold stimuli. As a result of evaluating pregabalin, duloxetine and tramadol, only 者は増加の一途にあり，中でも腰痛に苦しむ患 者の数は非常に多く，さらに様々な原因によっ て生じるため，痛みによって賦活化される脳領 ing morphine, meloxicam and acetaminophen, only morphine showed behavioral effectiveness and suppressed activation of thalamus due to abdominal pain from endometriosis. It was suggested that the brain activation regions could change due to various conditions that can cause the pain, as the acute pain increased activation in the insula cortex and the chronic pain increased activation in the thalamus. This study demonstrated the usefulness of fMRI as a pain biomarker, and fMRI analysis using the macaques might provide an advantage for the translation of the findings to human patients. Therefore, these study will contribute to the development of new analgesics for each pain as well as to the progress in the areas of brain research.
{"title":"Brain activation in non–human primate pain model using functional MRI","authors":"Hiroki Ushirozako, G. Yoshida, T. Hasegawa, Yu Yamato, Takahiro Natsume, S. Ogawa, Y. Awaga, A. Hama, H. Takamatsu, Y. Matsuyama","doi":"10.11154/pain.35.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.35.45","url":null,"abstract":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is expected as a biomarker of pain because it can objectively evaluate changes in cerebral blood flow associated with neuron activity against pain. We have developed pain models for cynomolgus macaques because it is more compatible with humans in regard to the structures and functions of brain regions which is suggested to be involved in pain in humans. Aside from humans, the cynomolgus macaques are the most widespread primate genus, ranging from Japan to North Africa. Since the macaques are the animal species closest to humans among those which can be used for invasive experiments, they are widely used to understand the mechanisms of the human brain. The purpose of this study is to elucidate pain–related brain activation regions in the macaque models using fMRI. Generally, pain testing in animal models has been based on avoidance behavior against pain stimuli. However, we identified pain– related brain activation regions using fMRI under propofol anesthesia as a more objective evaluation method. In the macaque model of chymopapain–induced discogenic low back pain, the activity of the insular cortex occurred in response to lumbar compression stimulation. In the macaque model of oxaliplatin–induced neuropathic cold hypersensitivity, activation of the insular cortex also occurred in response to cold stimuli. As a result of evaluating pregabalin, duloxetine and tramadol, only 者は増加の一途にあり，中でも腰痛に苦しむ患 者の数は非常に多く，さらに様々な原因によっ て生じるため，痛みによって賦活化される脳領 ing morphine, meloxicam and acetaminophen, only morphine showed behavioral effectiveness and suppressed activation of thalamus due to abdominal pain from endometriosis. It was suggested that the brain activation regions could change due to various conditions that can cause the pain, as the acute pain increased activation in the insula cortex and the chronic pain increased activation in the thalamus. This study demonstrated the usefulness of fMRI as a pain biomarker, and fMRI analysis using the macaques might provide an advantage for the translation of the findings to human patients. Therefore, these study will contribute to the development of new analgesics for each pain as well as to the progress in the areas of brain research.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44281277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kakeda, Kei Takani, Koichi Takaoka, Noriyoshi Tanaka, Y. Ogino
The aim of this study was to compare pain sensitivity between the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle in Japanese young adults. Fifteen females participat ed in this randomized control trial with crossover design. The pain threshold (defined as the temperature when the subject started to feel pain) was measured using a heat pain stimulator on the short flexor muscle of the thumb. For each subject, the stimulus was performed 10 times, alternating between the right and left hand. Pain reactivity was evaluated using a self–identified threshold of heat pain, salivary alpha amylase, emotional evaluation using a profile of mood states and visual analog scale scores. After comparative analysis, we found that pain threshold under the follicular phase was significantly increased compared to that under the luteal phase, indicating that the menstrual cycle would influence the severity of pain perception. Pain sensitivity under the luteal phase is more sensitive to nociceptive stimuli than those under the follicular phase. We therefore need to conduct pain management with paying heed to the menstrual cycle. Additionally, young women in reproductive–age should be more protective in pain management during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle. This study was conducted during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Heat pain stimuli were performed a total 10 times on the right and left hands, alternately. Moreover, subjects rested for 2 min between each heat pain stimulus to avoid any carryover effects and habituation to the heat pain stimulus. POMS: Profile of Mood States; VAS: Visual analogue scale; hand;
{"title":"Changes of heat pain sensitivity during the menstrual cycle in Japanese young adults: a randomized trial","authors":"T. Kakeda, Kei Takani, Koichi Takaoka, Noriyoshi Tanaka, Y. Ogino","doi":"10.11154/pain.34.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.34.304","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare pain sensitivity between the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle in Japanese young adults. Fifteen females participat ed in this randomized control trial with crossover design. The pain threshold (defined as the temperature when the subject started to feel pain) was measured using a heat pain stimulator on the short flexor muscle of the thumb. For each subject, the stimulus was performed 10 times, alternating between the right and left hand. Pain reactivity was evaluated using a self–identified threshold of heat pain, salivary alpha amylase, emotional evaluation using a profile of mood states and visual analog scale scores. After comparative analysis, we found that pain threshold under the follicular phase was significantly increased compared to that under the luteal phase, indicating that the menstrual cycle would influence the severity of pain perception. Pain sensitivity under the luteal phase is more sensitive to nociceptive stimuli than those under the follicular phase. We therefore need to conduct pain management with paying heed to the menstrual cycle. Additionally, young women in reproductive–age should be more protective in pain management during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle. This study was conducted during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Heat pain stimuli were performed a total 10 times on the right and left hands, alternately. Moreover, subjects rested for 2 min between each heat pain stimulus to avoid any carryover effects and habituation to the heat pain stimulus. POMS: Profile of Mood States; VAS: Visual analogue scale; hand;","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44691821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although migraine has been reported to have different inducing factors, changes in weather parameters such as atmospheric pressure, rain, humidity, temperature, wind, and lightning are well known important environmental factors. In recent years, reports of abnormal weather conditions such as heat waves in summer, heavy snow in winter, localized heavy rain, and abnormally light rain, as well as tropical cyclones are increasing. In today’s extreme weather conditions, the worsening, diver sification, and chronicity of migraine symptoms is concerning, and a higher level of treatment for migraine is required than ever before. Drug therapy is used as the principal treatment for migraine. If the acute treatment alone interferes with daily life, the principle is to combine daily preventive therapies to reduce the frequency, severity, and duration of the migraine attacks. However, there are several cases wherein migraine is poorly controlled only with their combination. Several patients with migraine experience prodromal symptoms, including stiff neck and shoulder as well as sensitivity to light and sound, before migraine attacks. In recent years, it has been reported that sensors for detecting atmospheric pressure exist in the vestibular part of the inner ear, and it has been shown that changes in atmospheric pressure may activate the vestibular nerve activity. We reported that difenidol, a vestibular nerve modulator, was administered to prevent or alleviate migraine attacks during the prodromal phase caused by change in weather. Prevention during the prodromal phase and prevention based on weather prediction are new treatment strategies for migraine. In today’s extreme weather conditions, 3 –P therapy that combines the three treatment strategies of prevention, prodrome, and prediction is useful.
{"title":"Prevention of migraine during prodromal phase caused by weather changes","authors":"Kaku Taisyoku","doi":"10.11154/pain.34.324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.34.324","url":null,"abstract":"Although migraine has been reported to have different inducing factors, changes in weather parameters such as atmospheric pressure, rain, humidity, temperature, wind, and lightning are well known important environmental factors. In recent years, reports of abnormal weather conditions such as heat waves in summer, heavy snow in winter, localized heavy rain, and abnormally light rain, as well as tropical cyclones are increasing. In today’s extreme weather conditions, the worsening, diver sification, and chronicity of migraine symptoms is concerning, and a higher level of treatment for migraine is required than ever before. Drug therapy is used as the principal treatment for migraine. If the acute treatment alone interferes with daily life, the principle is to combine daily preventive therapies to reduce the frequency, severity, and duration of the migraine attacks. However, there are several cases wherein migraine is poorly controlled only with their combination. Several patients with migraine experience prodromal symptoms, including stiff neck and shoulder as well as sensitivity to light and sound, before migraine attacks. In recent years, it has been reported that sensors for detecting atmospheric pressure exist in the vestibular part of the inner ear, and it has been shown that changes in atmospheric pressure may activate the vestibular nerve activity. We reported that difenidol, a vestibular nerve modulator, was administered to prevent or alleviate migraine attacks during the prodromal phase caused by change in weather. Prevention during the prodromal phase and prevention based on weather prediction are new treatment strategies for migraine. In today’s extreme weather conditions, 3 –P therapy that combines the three treatment strategies of prevention, prodrome, and prediction is useful.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45735330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hiroki Sakurai, Jun Sato, Shuichi Aono, Y. Arai, Shinsuke Inoue, Makoto Nishihara, N. Hatakeyama, Keiko Owari, H. Saisu, Izumi Makino, T. Ushida
Patients who complain of chronic pain have various symptoms and complicated pathologies, and there are often cases in which the symptoms worsen due to weather changes. However, few studies have examined the nature of pain affected by weather changes. In this time, we investigated the characteristics of patients with weather–related pain. As results, their pain intensity is moderate and they can maintain moderate daily activity. But in psychosocial factors, they have low self– efficacy and high catastrophic thinking. As treatment for chronic pain, exercise therapy managed by a therapist is highly recommended in non–drug therapy. Patients with weather–related pain often complain at head and neck shoulders. Evidences on the effects of exercise therapy for these body parts have also been reported. We hope that capturing the characteristics of patients with weather– related pain will lead to more appropriate treatments tailored to the pathological condition of the patients.
{"title":"Characteristics of chronic pain patients who complain weather–related pain and their exercise therapy","authors":"Hiroki Sakurai, Jun Sato, Shuichi Aono, Y. Arai, Shinsuke Inoue, Makoto Nishihara, N. Hatakeyama, Keiko Owari, H. Saisu, Izumi Makino, T. Ushida","doi":"10.11154/pain.34.336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.34.336","url":null,"abstract":"Patients who complain of chronic pain have various symptoms and complicated pathologies, and there are often cases in which the symptoms worsen due to weather changes. However, few studies have examined the nature of pain affected by weather changes. In this time, we investigated the characteristics of patients with weather–related pain. As results, their pain intensity is moderate and they can maintain moderate daily activity. But in psychosocial factors, they have low self– efficacy and high catastrophic thinking. As treatment for chronic pain, exercise therapy managed by a therapist is highly recommended in non–drug therapy. Patients with weather–related pain often complain at head and neck shoulders. Evidences on the effects of exercise therapy for these body parts have also been reported. We hope that capturing the characteristics of patients with weather– related pain will lead to more appropriate treatments tailored to the pathological condition of the patients.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48027493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is said that chronic pain turns worse when weather worsens than before. However, there are few articles showing weather and the relations of the pain. Our clinic is a medical institution of the pain clinic single department, and most of the patients having a medical examination are accompanied by chronic pain. In addition, we have the list Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in all consultation patients foreign than 2013 at consultation. After checking association about the weather with VAS at consultation, in temperature, the humidity, the atmospheric pressure, it was thought that a change of the atmospheric pressure was related to the strength of the pain. By the disease distinction, we recognized meaningful correlation in herpes zoster referred pain, osteoarthritis of the knee, osteoarthritis of the hip in VAS at most atmospheric pressure drop quantity and consultation by the division at specific time.
{"title":"Mechanisms and treatment strategies of weather–related pain: In clinical settings","authors":"H. Date, Akira Yamashiro, Hidekazu Watanabe","doi":"10.11154/pain.34.316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11154/pain.34.316","url":null,"abstract":"It is said that chronic pain turns worse when weather worsens than before. However, there are few articles showing weather and the relations of the pain. Our clinic is a medical institution of the pain clinic single department, and most of the patients having a medical examination are accompanied by chronic pain. In addition, we have the list Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in all consultation patients foreign than 2013 at consultation. After checking association about the weather with VAS at consultation, in temperature, the humidity, the atmospheric pressure, it was thought that a change of the atmospheric pressure was related to the strength of the pain. By the disease distinction, we recognized meaningful correlation in herpes zoster referred pain, osteoarthritis of the knee, osteoarthritis of the hip in VAS at most atmospheric pressure drop quantity and consultation by the division at specific time.","PeriodicalId":41148,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48565096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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