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Neuromodulation therapies for central poststroke pain 中枢性脑卒中后疼痛的神经调控疗法
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.33.18
K. Hosomi, Takeshi Shimizu, Y. Goto, T. Mano, S. Oshino, H. Kishima, Y. Saitoh
Central poststroke pain (CPSP) is one of the most refractory neuropathic pain, and this condition is typically pharmacoresistant. Owing to the refractory nature of CPSP, neuromodulation therapies such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), electrical motor cortex stimulation (EMCS), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and spinal cord stimulation (SCS) have been applied to treating for CPSP. This paper briefly describes profiles of CPSP, and reviews previous reports of each neuromodulation therapy, including our clinical experience. The long–term success rate of DBS of the sensory thalamus or periaqueductal grey matter has been reported to be about 30 % from 92 CPSP cases, while EMCS is most efficient, about 50 % success rate from 142 cases, in the invasive neuromodulation therapies. Recent meta–analyses and therapeutic guidelines reported that high–frequency rTMS of the primary motor cortex was safe and had transient pain relieving effect. rTMS is currently the preferred treatment approach, but must be applied repeatedly for clinical practice. Although SCS was previously believed to be ineffective for CPSP, it can be applied to CPSP because some CPSP cases actually respond to SCS. A greater understanding of the pathophysiology of CPSP and mechanisms of action of neuromodulation therapies could lead more–efficient targets and treatments.
中枢性脑卒中后疼痛(CPSP)是最难治性的神经性疼痛之一,这种情况通常是耐药的。由于CPSP的难治性,神经调节疗法如深部脑刺激(DBS)、运动皮层电刺激(EMCS)、重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)和脊髓刺激(SCS)已被应用于治疗CPSP。本文简要介绍了CPSP的概况,并回顾了以往关于每种神经调节疗法的报道,包括我们的临床经验。据报道,92例CPSP病例中,感觉丘脑或导水管周围灰质DBS的长期成功率约为30%,而在侵袭性神经调节治疗中,EMCS最有效,142例成功率约为50%。最近的荟萃分析和治疗指南报道,初级运动皮层的高频rTMS是安全的,具有短暂的疼痛缓解作用。rTMS是目前首选的治疗方法,但必须在临床实践中反复应用。虽然先前认为SCS对CPSP无效,但由于一些CPSP病例实际上对SCS有反应,因此可以应用于CPSP。更好地了解CPSP的病理生理学和神经调节疗法的作用机制可以带来更有效的靶点和治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Objective evaluation of pain using experimental heat stimulation 实验热刺激对疼痛的客观评价
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.33.40
A. Nakae, T. Soshi, Yumi Tsugita, Chie Kishimoto, Kosuke Kato
Background & goal of the study. International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience which leads to the concept that pain is subjective. Everyone must agree that doctors have to treat patients’ pain if they say that they feel severe pain. However, doctors sometimes encounter problems due to lack of objective evaluation methods of pain. For example, even after the doctor has administered full strength of the medicine for the specific patient for the pain he/she is experiencing, the patient at times still remain unsatisfied. This is because patients are not always able to tell that the medicine has already taken effect. To evaluate patients’ pain correctly, objective evaluation methods should be developed. The goal of the study is to develop a way to evaluate the sharp, momentary pain objectively using electroencephalogram (EEG). Methods. After signing the written informed consent, 20 healthy volunteers attended the study. Five different thermal stimuli (selected from 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50°C stimulus based on individual heat pain tolerance data) were applied randomly using PATHWAY (Medoc Co Ltd., Israel). Participants’ subjective evaluation of pain was done using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Moreover, participants were randomly subjected to 20 pairs of the above mentioned stimuli. The relative rating scale of subjective pain for each thermal stimulus was used as subjective evaluation. Rating were based on the subjective declaration of ("–3 : The former is very painful" "0 : Neither can you say" "+3 : the latter is very painful"), the pairing comparison method of Chefe Method used for scale. Results. In the thermal stimulation, half of the participants showed over 0.6 of R2 value which means correlation coefficient between relative pain scale and amplitude extracted from EEG data. Discrimination rates between maximum stimulation and middle stimulation was 80%, middle stimulation and minimum stimulation also 80% based on subjective evaluation and fluctuation of amplitude data. Discussion. A close relationship between the stimulation intensity and EEG data is clarified. Objective discrimination of pain can be developed using EEG, and in particul ar, it must be useful for patients who cannot describe the amount of pain they are experiencing properly.
研究背景与目的。国际疼痛研究协会将疼痛定义为一种不愉快的感觉和情感体验,这导致了疼痛是主观的概念。每个人都必须同意,如果医生说他们感到剧烈疼痛,他们必须治疗病人的疼痛。然而,由于缺乏客观的疼痛评估方法,医生有时会遇到问题。例如,即使在医生给特定的病人服用了他/她正在经历的疼痛的全部药物后,病人有时仍然不满意。这是因为患者并不总是能够知道药物已经生效。要正确评价患者的疼痛,需要建立客观的评价方法。本研究的目的是建立一种利用脑电图(EEG)客观评价瞬间性痛觉的方法。方法。在签署书面知情同意书后,20名健康志愿者参加了这项研究。使用PATHWAY (Medoc Co Ltd, Israel)随机应用5种不同的热刺激(根据个体热痛耐受性数据从40、42、44、46、48和50°C的刺激中选择)。采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)对疼痛进行主观评价。此外,参与者还随机接受了20对上述刺激。采用主观疼痛相对评定量表对各热刺激进行主观评价。评分基于主观声明(“-3:前者很痛苦”“0:你也说不出来”“+3:后者很痛苦”),采用厨师法的配对比较法进行评分。结果。在热刺激中,有一半的参与者表现出超过0.6的R2值,即从EEG数据中提取的相对疼痛量表与振幅之间的相关系数。根据主观评价和振幅数据波动,最大刺激和中刺激的区分率为80%,中刺激和最小刺激的区分率为80%。讨论。阐明了刺激强度与脑电图数据之间的密切关系。利用脑电图可以发展对疼痛的客观辨别,特别是,它必须对那些不能正确描述他们所经历的疼痛程度的患者有用。
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引用次数: 1
Physiological significances of TRP–ANO1 interaction TRP与ANO1相互作用的生理意义
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.33.1
Yasunori Takayama, K. Shibasaki, H. Furue, D. Uta, M. Tominaga
A calcium–activated chloride channel, anoctamin 1 (ANO1), is strongly activated by intracellular calcium increases through activation of transient receptor potential (TRP) channel because these ion channels physically interact with one another on the plasma membrane. The functional inter action occurs when TRP channels and ANO1 are within 20 nm, although ANO1 could be activated by global calcium increases as well. Recently, we obtained data that suggested the significance of the inter actions in the choroid plexus and primary sensory neurons. TRPV4 and ANO1 inter action in the apical membrane of choroid plexus epithelial cells could induce water efflux to the ventricle side. This interaction could be important in the homeostatic release of cerebro spinal fluid. That is, TRPV4 could be activated by the combined effects of body temperature and membrane stretch evoked by continuous water influx from the basolateral (capillary) side. Furthermore, TRPV1 and ANO1 inter action enhances TRPV1–mediated pain sensation. TRPV1 and ANO1 are co–expressed in small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. In our study, ANO1 current was induced by capsaicin application in small DRG neurons. ANO1–dependent depolarization following TRPV1 activation evoked action potentials. Furthermore, capsaicin–evoked pain–related behaviors in mice were strongly inhibited by a selective ANO1 blocker whereas the compound did not completely abolish the behaviors. The significance of these observations is that selective ANO1 inhibi tion reduces pain sensation. We also investigated non–specific inhibitory effects of chemicals on ion channel activities. We recently found that 4–isopropylcyclohexanol (4–iPr–CyH–OH) has an analgesic effect on burning pain sensation. 4–iPr–CyH–OH, a menthol analogue, is an aliphatic higher alcohol and used as a food– or flavor–additive. This compound inhibits TRPV1 and ANO1 without agonistic effects on TRPV1, TRPA1 or ANO1. Menthol also inhibits TRPV1 and ANO1, however, the TRPM8 agonist activates TRPA1 followed by pain sensation. Therefore, 4–iPr–CyH–OH might be a novel analgesia, Symposium 3 : The 39th Annual Meeting of JASP
钙激活的氯离子通道,anoctamin 1(ANO1),通过激活瞬时受体电位(TRP)通道而被细胞内钙增加强烈激活,因为这些离子通道在质膜上相互作用。当TRP通道和ANO1在20nm内时,发生功能相互作用,尽管ANO1也可以被整体钙增加激活。最近,我们获得的数据表明脉络丛和初级感觉神经元的相互作用具有重要意义。TRPV4和ANO1在脉络丛上皮细胞顶膜的相互作用可诱导水向脑室侧流出。这种相互作用在脑脊髓液的稳态释放中可能很重要。也就是说,TRPV4可以通过体温和从基底外侧(毛细管)侧持续涌入的水引起的膜拉伸的联合作用而被激活。此外,TRPV1和ANO1的相互作用增强了TRPV1介导的疼痛感。TRPV1和ANO1在小背根神经节(DRG)神经元中共表达。在我们的研究中,辣椒素在小DRG神经元中的应用诱导了ANO1电流。TRPV1激活后的ANO1依赖性去极化诱发动作电位。此外,辣椒素诱发的小鼠疼痛相关行为被选择性ANO1阻滞剂强烈抑制,而该化合物并没有完全消除这些行为。这些观察结果的意义在于选择性抑制ANO1可以减轻疼痛感。我们还研究了化学物质对离子通道活性的非特异性抑制作用。我们最近发现,4-异丙基环己醇(4-iPr–CyH–OH)对灼痛有镇痛作用。4–iPr–CyH–OH是一种薄荷醇类似物,是一种脂肪族高级醇,用作食品或香料添加剂。该化合物抑制TRPV1和ANO1而对TRPV1、TRPA1或ANO1没有激动作用。薄荷醇也抑制TRPV1和ANO1,然而,TRPM8激动剂激活TRPA1,然后是疼痛感。因此,4-iPr–CyH–OH可能是一种新的镇痛方法,研讨会3:JASP第39届年会
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引用次数: 1
Induction of cortical plasticity reveals the mechanism of the phantom limb pain and develops novel treatment 皮层可塑性的诱导揭示了幻肢痛的机制,并开发了新的治疗方法
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.33.26
T. Yanagisawa, R. Fukuma, Seymour Ben, K. Hosomi, Takeshi Shimizu, H. Kishima, M. Hirata, H. Yokoi, T. Yoshimine, Y. Kamitani, Y. Saitoh
Objectives. Phantom limb pain is neuropathic pain after amputation of a limb and partial or complete deafferentation such as brachial plexus root avulsion. The underlying cause of this pain has been attributed to maladaptive plasticity of the sensorimotor cortex. It has been suggested that experimental reorganization would affect pain. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a training to use brain–machine interface (BMI) based on magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals will induce some cortical plasticity in the sensorimotor cortex and modulate the phantom limb pain. Methods. This study included 10 phantom limb patients (9 brachial plexus root avulsion and 1 amputee). MEG signals during movements of the phantom hand or intact hand were used to train the decoder inferring movements of each hand. The robotic hand was controlled by the decoder. Patients controlled the robotic hand by moving the phantom hand. The training effects were compared among trainings with the phantom decoder, real hand decoder, and random decoder in a randomized cross– over trial. Results. BMI training with the phantom decoder increased the decoding accuracy of phantom hand movements and pain. In contrast, BMI training with the intact hand decoder reduced accuracy and pain. Discussion. It was suggested that BMI training to modulate the motor representation of phantom hand controlled pain. The sensorimotor cortical plasticity might induce pain. Symposium 4 : The 39th Annual Meeting of JASP
目标。幻肢痛是指截肢和部分或完全神经麻痹(如臂丛神经根撕脱伤)后的神经性疼痛。这种疼痛的根本原因是感觉运动皮层的可塑性不适应。有人认为,实验性重组会影响疼痛。在这里,我们检验了这样一种假设,即基于脑磁图(MEG)信号的脑机接口(BMI)训练将在感觉运动皮层中诱导一些皮层可塑性,并调节幻肢疼痛。方法。本研究包括10名幻肢患者(9名臂丛神经根撕脱伤患者和1名截肢者)。幻影手或完整手运动期间的MEG信号用于训练解码器推断每只手的运动。机器人手由解码器控制。患者通过移动幻影手来控制机械手。在一项随机交叉试验中,比较了使用幻影解码器、真手解码器和随机解码器进行训练的效果。后果使用体模解码器进行的BMI训练提高了体模手部运动和疼痛的解码准确性。相比之下,使用完整的手解码器进行BMI训练降低了准确性和疼痛感。讨论有人建议通过BMI训练来调节幻手控制疼痛的运动表现。感觉运动皮层的可塑性可能引起疼痛。研讨会4:JASP第39届年会
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引用次数: 0
Identification of the molecular target of crotamiton, an anti–itch agent 止痒剂克罗塔米顿分子靶标的鉴定
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.33.47
Hiroki Kittaka, Y. Yamanoi, M. Tominaga
Crotamiton (N–ethyl–o–crotonotoluidide) has long been used as an anti–itch agent. However, the mechanism by which crotamiton exerts anti–itch effects is unknown. Based on recent studies showing that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are involved in itch sensations, we hypothesized that crotamiton could affect the activity of TRP channels. In this study, we found that crotamiton strongly inhibits TRPV (vanilloid) 4 channel activity. Crotamiton also inhibited itch–related behaviors induced by the TRPV4–selective agonist GSK1016790A. In patch–clamp experiments we observed large TRPV4 currents following crotamiton washout. In this washout current, single–channel open probabilities and unitary current amplitudes of TRPV4 were increased, which together were suggestive of TRPV4 pore dilation. To explore whether TRPV4 pore dilation occurred, we performed cation replacement experiments in which whole–cell currents and reversal potentials were measured. Our observa tion of increased cation influx and changes in reversal potentials upon crotami ton washout indicated the presence of TRPV4 pore dilation. These results identified TRPV4 as a molecular target of crotamiton and demonstrated pore dilation of TRPV4 upon crotamiton washout.
克罗塔米顿(N–乙基–o–巴豆甲酰胺)长期以来一直被用作止痒剂。然而,克罗塔米顿发挥止痒作用的机制尚不清楚。根据最近的研究表明,瞬时受体电位(TRP)通道与瘙痒感有关,我们假设克罗他米顿可能影响TRP通道的活性。在这项研究中,我们发现克罗塔米顿强烈抑制TRPV(香草类)4通道的活性。克罗塔米顿还抑制TRPV4选择性激动剂GSK1016790A诱导的瘙痒相关行为。在膜片钳实验中,我们观察到克罗塔米顿冲洗后的TRPV4大电流。在这种冲刷电流中,TRPV4的单通道开放概率和单位电流振幅增加,这共同提示TRPV4孔隙扩张。为了探索TRPV4是否发生孔隙扩张,我们进行了阳离子置换实验,测量了全细胞电流和逆转电位。我们观察到克罗塔米吨洗脱后阳离子流入增加和逆转电位变化,表明TRPV4孔隙扩张的存在。这些结果确定TRPV4是克罗他明的分子靶点,并证明了TRPV4在克罗他敏冲洗后的孔隙扩张。
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引用次数: 0
The cellular and synaptic architecture of local circuits in the spinal dorsal horn 脊髓背角局部电路的细胞和突触结构
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.33.10
T. Yasaka
Lamina II of the spinal dorsal horn is a major target of nociceptive primary afferents, especially C–fibers and plays a role in modulating and transmitting incoming sensory information. However, its structural and functional organization, and its role in the neuronal circuitry for processing pain information, remain poorly understood due to the difficulty in identifying functional populations among interneurons. Virtually all lamina II neurons are interneurons, and are allocated to inhibitory or excitatory types. Furthermore, these interneurons show morphological, neurochemical and electrophysiological diversity. Thus, it is very important to dissect the local neuronal circuits involving different types of lamina II neurons, in order to understand the output from spinal cord. Recently, we investigated these interneurons by using a combined electrophysiological and anatomical approach. We revealed mechanisms that might con-tribute abnormal pain states through modulation of local circuitry consisting of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons in lamina II. We found a possible local neuronal circuit that might convey signals from low–threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) to lamina I projection neurons through vertical cells (excitatory interneurons). Vertical cells have dendrites spreading ventrally into laminae III ⁄ IV and axons terminating on lamina I projection neurons. We found contacts between dendritic spines of vertical cells and terminals of LTMRs in laminae III ⁄ IV. This circuit is therefore a potential route through which tactile inputs can activate lamina I projection neurons and thus could play a role in tactile allodynia. We also investigated mechanisms to gate these inputs, because this circuit could be inhibited by axo–axonic synapses on the central terminals of LTMRs in normal conditions. It is likely that particular types of lamina II neurons have specific roles in modulating local circuitry, so that the input–output relation could be changed through interactions among different types of interneurons.
脊髓背角II层是伤害性初级传入,尤其是C纤维的主要靶点,在调节和传递传入的感觉信息方面发挥作用。然而,由于难以识别中间神经元中的功能群体,其结构和功能组织及其在处理疼痛信息的神经元回路中的作用仍知之甚少。事实上,所有II层神经元都是中间神经元,并被分为抑制性或兴奋性类型。此外,这些中间神经元表现出形态、神经化学和电生理的多样性。因此,为了了解脊髓的输出,解剖涉及不同类型的II层神经元的局部神经元回路是非常重要的。最近,我们采用电生理学和解剖学相结合的方法对这些中间神经元进行了研究。我们揭示了可能通过调节由II层兴奋性和抑制性中间神经元组成的局部回路来引起异常疼痛状态的机制。我们发现了一个可能的局部神经元回路,它可能通过垂直细胞(兴奋性中间神经元)将信号从低阈值机械感受器(LTMR)传递到I层投射神经元。垂直细胞具有向腹侧扩散到III⁄IV层的树突和终止于I层投射神经元的轴突。我们在III⁄IV层中发现了垂直细胞的树突棘和LTMR的末端之间的接触。因此,该电路是触觉输入激活I层投射神经元的潜在途径,从而在触觉异常性疼痛中发挥作用。我们还研究了这些输入的门控机制,因为在正常条件下,LTMR中心末端的轴-轴突触可以抑制这种回路。特定类型的II层神经元可能在调节局部回路中发挥特定作用,因此输入-输出关系可以通过不同类型的中间神经元之间的相互作用而改变。
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引用次数: 0
Peripheral and spinal mechanisms of nociceptive transmission in a rat model of fibromyalgia 大鼠纤维肌痛模型中痛觉传递的外周和脊柱机制
Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.32.280
D. Uta, T. Taguchi
Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain with mecha nical allodynia and hyperalgesia. However, the neural mechanisms of nociception and pain are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the responsiveness of peripheral nociceptive afferents and super ficial dorsal horn (SDH) neurons by using a manifest rat model of FM, that was induced by reserpine (RES) injection. Repeated administration of RES ( 1 mg/kg, s.c., once daily for three consecutive days) caused a significant decrease in the mechanical withdrawal threshold of the plantar skin. Single– fiber electrophysiological recordings in vitro revealed that mechanical responses of mechano–responsive C–fibers were increased, although the proportion of mechano–responsive C–nociceptors was paradoxically de -creased. Next, we performed in vivo extracellular recordings of the SDH neurons. Although the SDH neurons showed mechanical stimulus intensity– dependent increases in the discharge rate both in the vehicle (VEH) and the RES–injected group, the response magnitude was significantly greater in the RES–injected group. Some SDH neurons in the RES–injected rats exhibited spontaneous firing with low frequencies, although those in the VEH– injected rats did not. These results suggest that increased mechanical sensitivity of the mechano–responsive C–fibers and the SDH neurons are involved in mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in a rat model of RES– induced pain. Similar mechanisms may underlie in patients with FM.
纤维肌痛(FM)的特点是慢性广泛的疼痛与机械异常性疼痛和痛觉过敏。然而,痛觉和疼痛的神经机制在很大程度上是未知的。本研究采用利血平(RES)诱导的FM大鼠模型,观察外周伤害性传入事件和浅表背角(SDH)神经元的反应性。反复给药RES (1mg /kg, s.c,每天一次,连续三天)可显著降低足底皮肤的机械戒断阈值。体外单纤维电生理记录显示,机械反应的c -纤维的机械反应增加,尽管机械反应的c -伤害感受器的比例矛盾地减少。接下来,我们对SDH神经元进行了体内细胞外记录。虽然载药组和res注射组的SDH神经元放电率均表现出机械刺激强度依赖性的增加,但res注射组的反应幅度明显更大。res注射大鼠的SDH神经元表现出低频自发放电,而VEH注射大鼠的SDH神经元则没有。这些结果表明,机械反应性c -纤维和SDH神经元的机械敏感性增加参与了RES诱导的大鼠疼痛模型的机械异常性痛和痛觉过敏。类似的机制可能存在于FM患者中。
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引用次数: 0
第39回 日本疼痛学会 印象記 基礎部門 第39回日本疼痛学会印象记基础部门
Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.11154/pain.32.288
年 成田
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引用次数: 0
Influence of exercise on the pain modulation system 运动对疼痛调节系统的影响
Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.32.246
Yukiko Shiro, T. Matsubara
Exercise therapy is recommended in the management of patients with chronic pain. However, there is little evidence supporting a relationship between changes in pain or physical disability and changes in physical performance by exercise therapy. Thus, exercise is thought to be involved it directly in the improvement of pain. Exercise has been shown to reduce the peripheral pain sensitivity in healthy subject. This effect, known as exercise– induced hypoalgesia (EIH), may be induced by the activation of central pain modulation systems. However, the effects of acute exercise in chronic pain conditions are heterogeneous and adverse. In patients with chronic pain, for example, exercise seems to decrease pain threshold. Notably, acute exercise followed by physical fatigue induces hyperalgesia. Therefore, regular exercise, rather than acute exercise, is recommended, in the management of patient with chronic pain. Physical inactivity is a perpetuating factor which can cause pain to become chronic. We investigated the relationship between intensity of physical activity in daily life and the function of central pain inhibitory systems. Our results suggested that the function of central pain inhibitory systems may decrease with a low amount of physical activity in women; therefore, maintaining physical activity may be more important for women than for men in preventing chronic pain. The effects and mechanisms of pain inhibition through regular exercise have been suggested using the animal model of pain. According to one of these suggested mechanisms, regular exercise increases the release of met– enkephalin in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and uses opioid receptors centrally to mediate analgesia. We investigated the influences on central pain inhibitory systems by regular exercise in subjects with chronic pain. While regular exercise for 2 weeks carried out three times a week improved the central pain modulation systems, it was ineffective if only done twice a week. However, an effect was seen if twice–weekly exercise continued for 3 weeks. Therefore, we conclude that increasing physical activity in daily life by regular exercise may be important in prevention and management of chronic pain. Symposium 1 : The 39th Annual Meeting of JASP
运动疗法被推荐用于治疗慢性疼痛患者。然而,很少有证据支持运动疗法对疼痛或身体残疾的改变与身体表现的改变之间的关系。因此,运动被认为与疼痛的改善直接相关。运动已被证明可以降低健康受试者的外周疼痛敏感性。这种效应被称为运动诱发的痛觉减退(EIH),可能是由中枢疼痛调节系统的激活引起的。然而,急性运动对慢性疼痛的影响是不均匀的和不利的。例如,对于慢性疼痛患者,运动似乎可以降低疼痛阈值。值得注意的是,剧烈运动后的身体疲劳会引起痛觉过敏。因此,在慢性疼痛患者的管理中,建议定期运动,而不是急性运动。缺乏运动是一个长期的因素,可能会导致疼痛成为慢性疾病。我们研究了日常生活中体力活动强度与中枢疼痛抑制系统功能之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明,中枢性疼痛抑制系统的功能可能会随着女性体力活动的减少而下降;因此,在预防慢性疼痛方面,保持身体活动对女性可能比男性更重要。通过动物疼痛模型,提出了定期运动对疼痛抑制的作用和机制。根据其中一种可能的机制,有规律的运动增加了吻侧腹内侧髓质(RVM)中met - enkephalin的释放,并利用阿片受体介导中枢镇痛。我们研究了慢性疼痛患者定期运动对中枢疼痛抑制系统的影响。虽然每周进行三次为期两周的定期锻炼可以改善中枢疼痛调节系统,但如果每周只做两次则无效。然而,如果每周锻炼两次,持续3周,效果就会显现出来。因此,我们得出结论,通过定期锻炼增加日常生活中的体力活动可能对预防和治疗慢性疼痛很重要。研讨会1:JASP第39届年会
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引用次数: 0
Cognitive behavioral therapy for irritable bowel syndrome 肠易激综合征的认知行为治疗
Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.11154/PAIN.32.267
Y. Oe, M. Horikoshi
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the disease in which abdominal pain and related bowel movements such as diarrhea and constipation persist. IBS is classified in chronic primary pain as well as fibromyalgia and non–specific low back pain. Psychological intervention is important in the treatment of refractory IBS. In particular, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) which is a kind of psychotherapy has attracted attention recently. We have developed a Japanese version of the cognitive behavioral therapy protocol for IBS which called CBT–IE and have been practicing on IBS patients. When conducting CBT for patients with chronic pain, including IBS, it is important not to target the disappearance of symptoms, but to aim for improving the quality of life.
肠易激综合征(IBS)是一种腹痛和相关的肠道运动,如腹泻和便秘持续存在的疾病。IBS分为慢性原发疼痛、纤维肌痛和非特异性腰痛。心理干预是治疗难治性肠易激综合征的重要手段。特别是作为心理治疗的一种,认知行为疗法(CBT)最近受到了人们的关注。我们开发了日本版的IBS认知行为治疗方案称为CBT-IE并在IBS患者身上进行了实践。当对包括IBS在内的慢性疼痛患者进行CBT治疗时,重要的不是以症状消失为目标,而是以改善生活质量为目标。
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引用次数: 1
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Pain Research
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