Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/bcs.2023.a907570
Perry Schmidt-Leukel
abstract: This paper reflects on the "Lord's Prayer" by relating it to various aspects of Shin-Buddhist practice and teachings as expounded in the writings of Shinran. The address of Ultimate Reality as parent, the concept of the "name," and the act of prayer, especially in its petitionary form, are considered in a comparative light. This does not only produce some "reciprocal illumination." It rather leads to an interreligious inquiry into the problem of evil and the problem of freedom and grace as they appear in both traditions. This triggers the insight that both traditions operate within a framework in which dualism and nondualism are simultaneously identified and distinguished.
{"title":"The Lord's Prayer in the Light of Shin-Buddhist-Christian Comparative Considerations","authors":"Perry Schmidt-Leukel","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2023.a907570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2023.a907570","url":null,"abstract":"abstract: This paper reflects on the \"Lord's Prayer\" by relating it to various aspects of Shin-Buddhist practice and teachings as expounded in the writings of Shinran. The address of Ultimate Reality as parent, the concept of the \"name,\" and the act of prayer, especially in its petitionary form, are considered in a comparative light. This does not only produce some \"reciprocal illumination.\" It rather leads to an interreligious inquiry into the problem of evil and the problem of freedom and grace as they appear in both traditions. This triggers the insight that both traditions operate within a framework in which dualism and nondualism are simultaneously identified and distinguished.","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/bcs.2023.a907578
Fabien Muller
abstract: One of the most prolific approaches to the comparative study of Buddhist and Christian philosophy has been the use of Buddhist anti-metaphysicism to overcome the allegedly obsolete metaphysical discourse of Christianity. This approach has been practiced, among others, by Edgar Bruns, Frederik Streng, Joseph O'Leary, and John Keenan. Keenan's 1980–1990s seminal works were determinative in that they appeared to rely on intuitive and evident premises: Christianity became infused with Greek metaphysical concepts early on; consequently, it adopted the forms of essentialism and ontological discourse practiced in metaphysics. That discourse has now become obsolete and must be overcome; Buddhist anti-metaphysicism helps overcome it; hence, Christianity can learn from Buddhism. In this paper, I show that although Keenan presents the first of these claims as self-evident, it is in fact highly polemical. Its origins lie in Albrecht Ritschl's and Adolf von Harnack's Hellenization theory. While the theological and historical background to this theory has been debated, Keenan does not engage in these debates. Even more, he transforms the theory in such a way that it becomes incongruent with its inherent aim. Following the problems implied on these two levels, I suggest that Keenan's project makes itself vulnerable to incoherencies. In the end, I argue for the overcoming of antimetaphysicism as a basis for Buddhist-Christian dialogue.
{"title":"Buddhist Antidotes against Greek Maladies: Ritschl, Harnack, and the Dehellenization of Intercultural Philosophy","authors":"Fabien Muller","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2023.a907578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2023.a907578","url":null,"abstract":"abstract: One of the most prolific approaches to the comparative study of Buddhist and Christian philosophy has been the use of Buddhist anti-metaphysicism to overcome the allegedly obsolete metaphysical discourse of Christianity. This approach has been practiced, among others, by Edgar Bruns, Frederik Streng, Joseph O'Leary, and John Keenan. Keenan's 1980–1990s seminal works were determinative in that they appeared to rely on intuitive and evident premises: Christianity became infused with Greek metaphysical concepts early on; consequently, it adopted the forms of essentialism and ontological discourse practiced in metaphysics. That discourse has now become obsolete and must be overcome; Buddhist anti-metaphysicism helps overcome it; hence, Christianity can learn from Buddhism. In this paper, I show that although Keenan presents the first of these claims as self-evident, it is in fact highly polemical. Its origins lie in Albrecht Ritschl's and Adolf von Harnack's Hellenization theory. While the theological and historical background to this theory has been debated, Keenan does not engage in these debates. Even more, he transforms the theory in such a way that it becomes incongruent with its inherent aim. Following the problems implied on these two levels, I suggest that Keenan's project makes itself vulnerable to incoherencies. In the end, I argue for the overcoming of antimetaphysicism as a basis for Buddhist-Christian dialogue.","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
abstract:This article considers Buddhist and Christian Nikkei responses to U.S. nationalism through an examination of the I-Rei-To Memorial, which was designed to remember those who died while incarcerated at the Manzanar War Relocation Authority camp. It argues that efforts to create and maintain a memorial for the deceased created instances of interfaith cooperation among Nikkei that were shaped by the shared experiences of wartime racialization. Furthermore, the I-Rei-To design embodied multivalent meanings that served to challenge portrayals of the imprisoned as alien enemies while also serving the needs of both Buddhists and Christians in the camp. Even as the U.S. government actively worked to erase the memory of the camps and the memorial at the end of World War II, the resonance of these multivalent meanings persisted through postwar interfaith pilgrimages to the memorial site by a small number of former internees.
{"title":"Memorial to the Embraced and Discarded: The Manzanar I-Rei-To and Nikkei Buddhist-Christian Responses to U.S. Nationalism during World War II","authors":"Michael K. Masatsugu","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2022.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2022.0009","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article considers Buddhist and Christian Nikkei responses to U.S. nationalism through an examination of the I-Rei-To Memorial, which was designed to remember those who died while incarcerated at the Manzanar War Relocation Authority camp. It argues that efforts to create and maintain a memorial for the deceased created instances of interfaith cooperation among Nikkei that were shaped by the shared experiences of wartime racialization. Furthermore, the I-Rei-To design embodied multivalent meanings that served to challenge portrayals of the imprisoned as alien enemies while also serving the needs of both Buddhists and Christians in the camp. Even as the U.S. government actively worked to erase the memory of the camps and the memorial at the end of World War II, the resonance of these multivalent meanings persisted through postwar interfaith pilgrimages to the memorial site by a small number of former internees.","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"173 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76224951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
abstract:Adopting a cross-cultural perspective on hierophanies, this article not only explores the fundamental patterns of prophet Muhammad and Buddhas as expositors of cosmic light as interpreted in the Islamic and Buddhist traditions, but it also engages in comparative theological reflection on how Islam and Buddhism use the symbol of light in describing the cosmological and practical dimension of Muhammad's prophetic nature and the revelatory role of the Buddha. Examples are Nūr Muḥammadī, Muhammadan light, and Shin Buddhism's understanding of Amitābha/Amida Buddha as the Buddha of Infinite Light with Śākyamuni, Siddhārtha Gautama, as the narrator of the Pure Land Sutras. This essay considers the role and perception of the Muslim prophet in relation to the role of the Buddhas as a shared motif for building appreciation between Islam and Shin-Buddhism.
{"title":"Nūr Muḥammadī, Muhammadan Light, and Amitābha/Amida Buddha, the Buddha of Infinite Light - A Muslim's Comparative Theological Perspective","authors":"Imtiyaz Yusuf","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2022.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2022.0020","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Adopting a cross-cultural perspective on hierophanies, this article not only explores the fundamental patterns of prophet Muhammad and Buddhas as expositors of cosmic light as interpreted in the Islamic and Buddhist traditions, but it also engages in comparative theological reflection on how Islam and Buddhism use the symbol of light in describing the cosmological and practical dimension of Muhammad's prophetic nature and the revelatory role of the Buddha. Examples are Nūr Muḥammadī, Muhammadan light, and Shin Buddhism's understanding of Amitābha/Amida Buddha as the Buddha of Infinite Light with Śākyamuni, Siddhārtha Gautama, as the narrator of the Pure Land Sutras. This essay considers the role and perception of the Muslim prophet in relation to the role of the Buddhas as a shared motif for building appreciation between Islam and Shin-Buddhism.","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"347 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77097136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
abstract:John B. Cobb, Jr., is one of the most influential Christian theologians of the past fifty years. Having written from an interdisciplinary lens, engaging economics, education, biology, and beyond, Cobb is not the typical theologian. One of Cobb's earliest concerns is the environmental crisis, having written the first single-author book on the subject in 1972. Cobb recognized early on that the environmental crisis was systemic, pervading modernity in both thought and culture, and sought to approach the problem as such. This paper explores Cobb's religious and philosophical arguments regarding the environmental crisis. The first section identifies theological (anthropocentrism) and philosophical (substance-based thinking) assumptions that impede serious awareness of the environmental crisis. Here, Cobb's alternatives are presented in the quest for a more responsive worldview. Second, because environmental issues are pervasive in our modes of thinking, reconsidering education becomes a promising avenue in forming an ecological civilization. This section explores Cobb's detestation of the current education system in the West that idolizes isolated, fragmented disciplines. Instead, Cobb suggests the creation of a holistic, post-disciplinary approach. Finally, Cobb's legacy for the common good concludes this paper by supplying examples of his impact on the creation of an ecological civilization.
{"title":"Process Thought, Education, and the Environmental Crisis: A Tribute to John B. Cobb, Jr.","authors":"John Becker, W. A. Schwartz","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2022.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2022.0002","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:John B. Cobb, Jr., is one of the most influential Christian theologians of the past fifty years. Having written from an interdisciplinary lens, engaging economics, education, biology, and beyond, Cobb is not the typical theologian. One of Cobb's earliest concerns is the environmental crisis, having written the first single-author book on the subject in 1972. Cobb recognized early on that the environmental crisis was systemic, pervading modernity in both thought and culture, and sought to approach the problem as such. This paper explores Cobb's religious and philosophical arguments regarding the environmental crisis. The first section identifies theological (anthropocentrism) and philosophical (substance-based thinking) assumptions that impede serious awareness of the environmental crisis. Here, Cobb's alternatives are presented in the quest for a more responsive worldview. Second, because environmental issues are pervasive in our modes of thinking, reconsidering education becomes a promising avenue in forming an ecological civilization. This section explores Cobb's detestation of the current education system in the West that idolizes isolated, fragmented disciplines. Instead, Cobb suggests the creation of a holistic, post-disciplinary approach. Finally, Cobb's legacy for the common good concludes this paper by supplying examples of his impact on the creation of an ecological civilization.","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"57 4 1","pages":"53 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79802191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
abstract:In this essay, I engage in an exercise of interreligious theology focusing on Muslim and Shin Buddhist perceptions of Jesus. I ask if and how a Christian might take Muslim and Shin Buddhist views as genuine insights that may enrich and correct some Christian views. I further hold that lest getting incoherent such an exploration must keep all three perspectives together. It must combine the insight behind Christians' affirmation of incarnation with, on one hand, the insight behind Muslims' concern about the concept of incarnation as such and, on the other hand, the insight behind the concern of Buddhists about the assertion of merely one single incarnation. By interpreting incarnation as an implication of revelation, I suggest that such a Christology is indeed possible.
{"title":"Viewing Jesus: Christology in Light of Muslim and Shin Buddhist Insights","authors":"P. Schmidt-Leukel","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:In this essay, I engage in an exercise of interreligious theology focusing on Muslim and Shin Buddhist perceptions of Jesus. I ask if and how a Christian might take Muslim and Shin Buddhist views as genuine insights that may enrich and correct some Christian views. I further hold that lest getting incoherent such an exploration must keep all three perspectives together. It must combine the insight behind Christians' affirmation of incarnation with, on one hand, the insight behind Muslims' concern about the concept of incarnation as such and, on the other hand, the insight behind the concern of Buddhists about the assertion of merely one single incarnation. By interpreting incarnation as an implication of revelation, I suggest that such a Christology is indeed possible.","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"80 1","pages":"359 - 373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80436822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
and Christians in positive ways. Gudrun Löwner explores how de Silva turned to visual art and aesthetics to promote mutual understanding between Buddhists and Christians. Amos Yong reflects on de Silva’s pneumatological anthropology in conversation with Theravada Buddhists, mentioning the shared effort to find an alternative to eternalism or nihilism. While noting many points of convergence, Yong finds an important difference from Theravada anthropology in de Silva’s eschatological interpretation of the corporate and resurrected Spiritual Body of the Apostle Paul. Kurt Gakuro Krammer reflects on how Buddhist-Christian dialogue can change one’s understanding of the human being. Observing that most European Buddhists have thus far avoided dialogue, he proposes that de Silva can offer a helpful model of dialogical understanding but also poses the pointed question of whether dialogue has any soteriological impact, such as upon efforts toward social action. This volume is a very important contribution that will be of interest to all persons involved in Buddhist-Christian dialogue.
{"title":"Religious Epistemology Through Schillebeeckx and Tibetan Buddhism by Jason VonWachenfeldt (review)","authors":"R. Magliola","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2022.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2022.0029","url":null,"abstract":"and Christians in positive ways. Gudrun Löwner explores how de Silva turned to visual art and aesthetics to promote mutual understanding between Buddhists and Christians. Amos Yong reflects on de Silva’s pneumatological anthropology in conversation with Theravada Buddhists, mentioning the shared effort to find an alternative to eternalism or nihilism. While noting many points of convergence, Yong finds an important difference from Theravada anthropology in de Silva’s eschatological interpretation of the corporate and resurrected Spiritual Body of the Apostle Paul. Kurt Gakuro Krammer reflects on how Buddhist-Christian dialogue can change one’s understanding of the human being. Observing that most European Buddhists have thus far avoided dialogue, he proposes that de Silva can offer a helpful model of dialogical understanding but also poses the pointed question of whether dialogue has any soteriological impact, such as upon efforts toward social action. This volume is a very important contribution that will be of interest to all persons involved in Buddhist-Christian dialogue.","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"404 - 408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85095659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Wheel & The Cross: An Anthology By Jesuits & Friends on Buddhism and Dialogue ed. by Cyril Veliath, SJ (review)","authors":"Thomas Cattoi","doi":"10.1353/bcs.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41170,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist-Christian Studies","volume":"45 1","pages":"399 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84952656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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