Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-81-94
A. M. Musaev, G. K. Radzhabov, A. M. Aliyev, F. I. Islamova
Aim . To identify plasticity and stability and to evaluate interpopulation differentiation in terms of accumulation of secondary metabolites in an ecological and geographical experiment with two model populations of Origanum vulgare L., belonging to different subspecies and vicarious along the altitudinal gradient. Material and Methods . Ecological and geographical experiment with transplanted plants of Origanum vulgare L. at two experimental bases, at altitudes of 1100 and 1730 m and simulating the conditions of the mountain‐valley and upper mountain belts. The total content of antioxidants was determined by the electrochemical method. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation on a Clevenger apparatus. The component composition of the oil was established on a gas chromatograph with a mass spectrometric detector. Components were identified using mass spectra libraries. Results . We studied the structure of variability in the yield and component composition of essential oil, as well as the total antioxidant activity in two populations of Origanum vulgare L. belonging to different subspecies. Regularities have been revealed that make it possible to attribute the studied populations to foothill and highland ecotypes. Conclusions . The yield of essential oil and the content of total antioxidants are clearly correlated with the conditions in the experimental plots and are not associated with microevolutionary processes under the control of abiotic factors of the altitudinal gradient.
的目标。摘要以不同亚种、沿海拔梯度代谢物分布的土始黄(Origanum vulgare L.) 2个模式居群为研究对象，通过生态地理实验研究其次生代谢物积累的可塑性和稳定性，并评价其种群间分化。材料和方法。在海拔1100 m和1730 m的两个试验基地，模拟山谷和高山带条件下，进行了牛耳草移栽植物的生态地理试验。用电化学法测定了抗氧化剂的总含量。精油在Clevenger装置上通过加氢蒸馏得到。在气相色谱仪和质谱检测器上确定了油的组分组成。利用质谱库鉴定组分。结果。本文研究了不同亚种土一枝(Origanum vulgare L.)两个居群挥发油产量、成分组成及总抗氧化活性的变异结构。研究结果表明，这些种群有可能分别属于丘陵和高原生态型。结论。挥发油产量和总抗氧化剂含量与试验田条件有明显的相关性，而与海拔梯度非生物因素控制下的微进化过程无关。
{"title":"Experimental study of the structure of variability of natural populations of Origanum vulgare L. from mountainous Dagestan, Russia","authors":"A. M. Musaev, G. K. Radzhabov, A. M. Aliyev, F. I. Islamova","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-81-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-81-94","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To identify plasticity and stability and to evaluate interpopulation differentiation in terms of accumulation of secondary metabolites in an ecological and geographical experiment with two model populations of Origanum vulgare L., belonging to different subspecies and vicarious along the altitudinal gradient. Material and Methods . Ecological and geographical experiment with transplanted plants of Origanum vulgare L. at two experimental bases, at altitudes of 1100 and 1730 m and simulating the conditions of the mountain‐valley and upper mountain belts. The total content of antioxidants was determined by the electrochemical method. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation on a Clevenger apparatus. The component composition of the oil was established on a gas chromatograph with a mass spectrometric detector. Components were identified using mass spectra libraries. Results . We studied the structure of variability in the yield and component composition of essential oil, as well as the total antioxidant activity in two populations of Origanum vulgare L. belonging to different subspecies. Regularities have been revealed that make it possible to attribute the studied populations to foothill and highland ecotypes. Conclusions . The yield of essential oil and the content of total antioxidants are clearly correlated with the conditions in the experimental plots and are not associated with microevolutionary processes under the control of abiotic factors of the altitudinal gradient.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-226-233
S. A. Aliev, Zh. A. Gasanguseinov, K. H. Omarov
Aim . To assessing the prospects for the integral interdisciplinary characteristics of the modern strategy of oncological surgery for gastric stump cancer (GSC), which allow us to formulate the concept of a more physiological surgery. Materials and Methods . The study used gastrobiopsies taken specifically during fibrogastroscopy in the area of the anastomosis in patients who had undergone gastrectomy in the past for pyloroduodenal ulcers using the first and second Billroth methods. Depending on the time elapsed after gastrectomy, observations were divided into 2 groups. Results . In 45 patients with post‐resection gastritis (based on a morphometric, statistical study of the lymphoid tissue of the mucous membrane of the gastric stump), there was established: a significant (p <0.05) increase in the number of interepithelial lymphocytes (from 5.14 to 30.60) of the plasmatization index of the lamina propria of the mucous membrane in comparison with the control group (from 4.9 to 46.70), increasing in time after surgery, which is associated with the progression of atrophic gastritis. This relationship is most clearly observed (p<0.005) over 15 years after gastrectomy, according to Hoffmeister–Finsterer. Conclusions . A study of the components of the natural environment was carried out: sources of drinking water supply: phenol, manganese, copper, formaldehyde and in samples of pasture vegetation: iron, chromium, nickel, cadmium; with the establishment of inflated indicators (MPC). Early diagnosis in the preclinical stage with screening monitoring in the group of patients with resected stomach after 10 years or more remains extremely relevant. The hypothesis put forward by Yu.I. was confirmed to be correct by Fishson–Ryss that antral gastritis after gastric gastritis for peptic ulcer disease tends to antrocardial expansion with the progression of atrophic gastritis, which is a background component for the development of gastric stump cancer.
{"title":"The telomerase effect. Oncological aspects of gastric stump cancer (methodology and literature review)","authors":"S. A. Aliev, Zh. A. Gasanguseinov, K. H. Omarov","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-226-233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-226-233","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To assessing the prospects for the integral interdisciplinary characteristics of the modern strategy of oncological surgery for gastric stump cancer (GSC), which allow us to formulate the concept of a more physiological surgery. Materials and Methods . The study used gastrobiopsies taken specifically during fibrogastroscopy in the area of the anastomosis in patients who had undergone gastrectomy in the past for pyloroduodenal ulcers using the first and second Billroth methods. Depending on the time elapsed after gastrectomy, observations were divided into 2 groups. Results . In 45 patients with post‐resection gastritis (based on a morphometric, statistical study of the lymphoid tissue of the mucous membrane of the gastric stump), there was established: a significant (p <0.05) increase in the number of interepithelial lymphocytes (from 5.14 to 30.60) of the plasmatization index of the lamina propria of the mucous membrane in comparison with the control group (from 4.9 to 46.70), increasing in time after surgery, which is associated with the progression of atrophic gastritis. This relationship is most clearly observed (p<0.005) over 15 years after gastrectomy, according to Hoffmeister–Finsterer. Conclusions . A study of the components of the natural environment was carried out: sources of drinking water supply: phenol, manganese, copper, formaldehyde and in samples of pasture vegetation: iron, chromium, nickel, cadmium; with the establishment of inflated indicators (MPC). Early diagnosis in the preclinical stage with screening monitoring in the group of patients with resected stomach after 10 years or more remains extremely relevant. The hypothesis put forward by Yu.I. was confirmed to be correct by Fishson–Ryss that antral gastritis after gastric gastritis for peptic ulcer disease tends to antrocardial expansion with the progression of atrophic gastritis, which is a background component for the development of gastric stump cancer.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"1 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-190-195
Z. K. Gadzhiev, E. S. Surzhikova, D. D. Evlagina, A. I. Surov, S. N. Shumaenko
Aim . Polymorphism is the result of evolutionary processes and is inherited, associated with biodiversity and modified by natural selection and functions to preserve various forms of population. It is economically advantageous to find genes that can be used in breeding in such a way as to increase the fertility of animals in different natural geographical zones, since the adaptive abilities of organisms are complicated. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to study the genetic potential of sheep of different breeds bred in various ecological and geographical regions of the North Caucasus with pasture-pasture and pasture-stall conditions of sheep breeding. Material and Methods . Genotyping was undertaken of sheep of different breeds contained in various natural and climatic zones of the Republic of Dagestan and the most arid region of Stavropol Territory in the zone of risky agriculture where the climate is sharply continental. Genotyping in the loci of the genes of differential growth factor (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP15) was carried out by PCR-PDRF (polymorphism of the lengths of restriction fragments) by cutting DNA using endonuclease restriction and further analysis of the size of the resulting PCR fragments. The genetic structure of genes has been studied by methods of genetic and statistical analysis of the data obtained. Conclusion . The genetic structure of sheep populations of different breeds bred in the foothills of the Republic of Dagestan and the arid region of Stavropol Territory was studied for the first time. Information obtained on the role of the degree of genetic variability of sheep of different breeds provides data which can contribute to the ecological well-being of herds and the status characterising the signs of multiple birth rates is also determined. This will further improve and significantly accelerate breeding work with livestock, since an important task of further increasing the efficiency of the industry is the reproduction of the herd together with a simultaneous increase in the productivity of animals.
{"title":"Evaluation of the polymorphism of the GDF9 and BMP15 genes and their relationship with the reproductive functions of sheep of different breeds","authors":"Z. K. Gadzhiev, E. S. Surzhikova, D. D. Evlagina, A. I. Surov, S. N. Shumaenko","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-190-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-190-195","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . Polymorphism is the result of evolutionary processes and is inherited, associated with biodiversity and modified by natural selection and functions to preserve various forms of population. It is economically advantageous to find genes that can be used in breeding in such a way as to increase the fertility of animals in different natural geographical zones, since the adaptive abilities of organisms are complicated. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to study the genetic potential of sheep of different breeds bred in various ecological and geographical regions of the North Caucasus with pasture-pasture and pasture-stall conditions of sheep breeding. Material and Methods . Genotyping was undertaken of sheep of different breeds contained in various natural and climatic zones of the Republic of Dagestan and the most arid region of Stavropol Territory in the zone of risky agriculture where the climate is sharply continental. Genotyping in the loci of the genes of differential growth factor (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP15) was carried out by PCR-PDRF (polymorphism of the lengths of restriction fragments) by cutting DNA using endonuclease restriction and further analysis of the size of the resulting PCR fragments. The genetic structure of genes has been studied by methods of genetic and statistical analysis of the data obtained. Conclusion . The genetic structure of sheep populations of different breeds bred in the foothills of the Republic of Dagestan and the arid region of Stavropol Territory was studied for the first time. Information obtained on the role of the degree of genetic variability of sheep of different breeds provides data which can contribute to the ecological well-being of herds and the status characterising the signs of multiple birth rates is also determined. This will further improve and significantly accelerate breeding work with livestock, since an important task of further increasing the efficiency of the industry is the reproduction of the herd together with a simultaneous increase in the productivity of animals.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"1 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-153-160
R. H. Bekmurzaeva, N. M. Bulaeva
Aim . To monitor the flows of climatically active gases at the carboxylic range of the A.A. Kadyrov Chechen State University through regenerative animal husbandry. Material and Methods . We have been studying the territory of the northern slope of the Khoysko-Makozhoy depression allocated for pasture areas from April 2022 to the present. Reconnaissance and field studies were carried out, data were collected and processed in key areas to assess the seasonal dynamics of CO2 emissions, temperature and soil moisture in key areas. Information that is freely available on the Internet was used. Results . The article describes the territory of the carbon polygon, which is 1054 hectares in extent at the time of writing. The territory is divided into sections: reference, moderate and intensive grazing (ET, UM, IN - respectively). Experimental data were obtained from landfill sites; the main greenhouse gases, soil temperature and moisture, microbiological and chemical analyzes of the soil. Conclusions . The studies initiated in 2022 have made it possible to develop methodological foundations for systemic conjugate monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions at a carbon landfill using regenerative animal husbandry.
{"title":"Monitoring greenhouse gas emissions at the WAY CARBON carbonic polygon through regenerative animal husbandry","authors":"R. H. Bekmurzaeva, N. M. Bulaeva","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-153-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-153-160","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To monitor the flows of climatically active gases at the carboxylic range of the A.A. Kadyrov Chechen State University through regenerative animal husbandry. Material and Methods . We have been studying the territory of the northern slope of the Khoysko-Makozhoy depression allocated for pasture areas from April 2022 to the present. Reconnaissance and field studies were carried out, data were collected and processed in key areas to assess the seasonal dynamics of CO2 emissions, temperature and soil moisture in key areas. Information that is freely available on the Internet was used. Results . The article describes the territory of the carbon polygon, which is 1054 hectares in extent at the time of writing. The territory is divided into sections: reference, moderate and intensive grazing (ET, UM, IN - respectively). Experimental data were obtained from landfill sites; the main greenhouse gases, soil temperature and moisture, microbiological and chemical analyzes of the soil. Conclusions . The studies initiated in 2022 have made it possible to develop methodological foundations for systemic conjugate monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions at a carbon landfill using regenerative animal husbandry.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-103-117
Е. I. Каzachinskaia, Yu. V. Коnonova, A. V. Ivanova, L. N. Zibareva, А. А. Chepurnov, V. V. Romanyuk, A. A. Biibolatov, М. А. Gulyaeva, А. М. Shestopalov
Aim . In vitro evaluation of the inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts and dry ethanol extracts of St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) on the replication of SARS-CoV-2 according to three experimental schemes – direct inactivation (neutralisation) of the virus as well as "prevention" and "treatment" of cells. Materials and Methods . The laboratory strain SARS-CoV-2/human/RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020 was passed on Vero cell culture. Water extracts and dry ethanol extracts of parts of H. perforatum L. collected during the flowering period in the Novosibirsk region were prepared. Dry extracts were dissolved in DMSO. Comparison samples are dry ethanol extracts of chaga, cloves and black tea. Results . It is shown that the aqueous extract of grass (a mixture of flowers with leaves) of H. perforatum L. with direct inactivation of the virus it is active in dilution of 1/4096. For the dry ethanol extract of the herb H. perforatum L., 50 % effective concentrations (EC50) were found equal to 2.44±0.87; 8.79±1.91 and 14.65±1.91 μg/ml respectively with direct inactivation as well as according to the "preventive" scheme and with the "treatment" of cells. Taking into account cytotoxicity, as well as in comparison with control samples, the values of selective indices (SI50) of the studied herbal preparations during direct inactivation were higher than with other experimental schemes and were distributed as follows (in descending order): 204.92; 153.68; 115.27; 32.01 and 21.33 for dry ethanol extracts of black tea from India, cloves, herbs, a mixture of flowers with leaves, of H. perforatum, chaga and the stems of H. perforatum respectively. The HPLC method has shown that the ethanol extract of the herb H. perforatum L. contains a greater amount of flavonoids than the extract of stems. Nevertheless, antiviral activity was also detected for the extract of stems of this plant with EC50 equal to 14.65±1.91; 78.13±20.05 and 117.19±15.31 μg/ml (according to three experimental schemes), respectively. Conclusion . For the preparation of antiviral drugs the whole plant of H. perforatum L., including stems, can be used as raw materials.
{"title":"A method for obtaining aqueous and dry ethanol extracts of grass (a mixture of flowers with leaves) and a stalk of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) with inhibitory activity on the replication of the SARS‐CoV‐2 coronavirus in vitro","authors":"Е. I. Каzachinskaia, Yu. V. Коnonova, A. V. Ivanova, L. N. Zibareva, А. А. Chepurnov, V. V. Romanyuk, A. A. Biibolatov, М. А. Gulyaeva, А. М. Shestopalov","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-103-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-103-117","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . In vitro evaluation of the inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts and dry ethanol extracts of St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) on the replication of SARS-CoV-2 according to three experimental schemes – direct inactivation (neutralisation) of the virus as well as \"prevention\" and \"treatment\" of cells. Materials and Methods . The laboratory strain SARS-CoV-2/human/RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020 was passed on Vero cell culture. Water extracts and dry ethanol extracts of parts of H. perforatum L. collected during the flowering period in the Novosibirsk region were prepared. Dry extracts were dissolved in DMSO. Comparison samples are dry ethanol extracts of chaga, cloves and black tea. Results . It is shown that the aqueous extract of grass (a mixture of flowers with leaves) of H. perforatum L. with direct inactivation of the virus it is active in dilution of 1/4096. For the dry ethanol extract of the herb H. perforatum L., 50 % effective concentrations (EC50) were found equal to 2.44±0.87; 8.79±1.91 and 14.65±1.91 μg/ml respectively with direct inactivation as well as according to the \"preventive\" scheme and with the \"treatment\" of cells. Taking into account cytotoxicity, as well as in comparison with control samples, the values of selective indices (SI50) of the studied herbal preparations during direct inactivation were higher than with other experimental schemes and were distributed as follows (in descending order): 204.92; 153.68; 115.27; 32.01 and 21.33 for dry ethanol extracts of black tea from India, cloves, herbs, a mixture of flowers with leaves, of H. perforatum, chaga and the stems of H. perforatum respectively. The HPLC method has shown that the ethanol extract of the herb H. perforatum L. contains a greater amount of flavonoids than the extract of stems. Nevertheless, antiviral activity was also detected for the extract of stems of this plant with EC50 equal to 14.65±1.91; 78.13±20.05 and 117.19±15.31 μg/ml (according to three experimental schemes), respectively. Conclusion . For the preparation of antiviral drugs the whole plant of H. perforatum L., including stems, can be used as raw materials.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"1 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-118-125
L. V. Pilip, N. V. Syrchina, T. Ya. Ashikhmina, E. P. Kolevatykh
Aim . To study the intraspecific diversity of coliform bacteria represented in microbial communities in biofilms of manure effluents (ME), as well as to evaluate the effect of chemical reagents on the composition of microbial consortia and some properties of bacteria of the genus Escherichia. Material and Methods . Biofilms of ME were obtained under laboratory conditions and their qualitative and quantitative microbial composition studied. H2SO4 and NaOCl solutions were used for entry into ME. The composition of the microbiota was determined by the method of inoculation on nutrient media. Results . The dominant groups of microorganisms in biofilms of ME were obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria of the genera Clostridium, Bacteroides and Escherichia. The genus Escherichia is represented by E. coli, E. fergusonii, E. hermannii (Atlantibacter hermannii), E. blattae (Shimwellia blattae), E. coli inactive and E. vulneris with varying biochemical activity. Escherichia fergusonii, Escherichia coli inactive and Escherichia vulneris have increased colonization potential, which contributes to the survival of bacterial populations in the bacterial consortium. Bacteria of the genus Escherichia are able to form associations with the facultative anaerobe Proteus vulgaris and the yeast Rhodotorula glutinis. The significant resistance of E. coli to the effects of chemical reagents used to neutralize and eliminate the smell of ME (H2SO4 to pH 5.5±0.1; introduction of 12.5 mg/l of active chlorine in NaOCl) was revealed. ME treatment did not lead to the complete death of E. coli. However, it reduced the concentration by 2 orders of magnitude. The use of these chemicals can reduce the total volume of gases released by 30–40% and reduce the intensity of unpleasant u. Conclusions . The results obtained can find practical application in the development of formulations of biological products to reduce odour and improve the efficiency of rational disposal of animal by-products.
{"title":"Coliform bacteria as components in biofilm of manure effluents","authors":"L. V. Pilip, N. V. Syrchina, T. Ya. Ashikhmina, E. P. Kolevatykh","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-118-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-118-125","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To study the intraspecific diversity of coliform bacteria represented in microbial communities in biofilms of manure effluents (ME), as well as to evaluate the effect of chemical reagents on the composition of microbial consortia and some properties of bacteria of the genus Escherichia. Material and Methods . Biofilms of ME were obtained under laboratory conditions and their qualitative and quantitative microbial composition studied. H2SO4 and NaOCl solutions were used for entry into ME. The composition of the microbiota was determined by the method of inoculation on nutrient media. Results . The dominant groups of microorganisms in biofilms of ME were obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria of the genera Clostridium, Bacteroides and Escherichia. The genus Escherichia is represented by E. coli, E. fergusonii, E. hermannii (Atlantibacter hermannii), E. blattae (Shimwellia blattae), E. coli inactive and E. vulneris with varying biochemical activity. Escherichia fergusonii, Escherichia coli inactive and Escherichia vulneris have increased colonization potential, which contributes to the survival of bacterial populations in the bacterial consortium. Bacteria of the genus Escherichia are able to form associations with the facultative anaerobe Proteus vulgaris and the yeast Rhodotorula glutinis. The significant resistance of E. coli to the effects of chemical reagents used to neutralize and eliminate the smell of ME (H2SO4 to pH 5.5±0.1; introduction of 12.5 mg/l of active chlorine in NaOCl) was revealed. ME treatment did not lead to the complete death of E. coli. However, it reduced the concentration by 2 orders of magnitude. The use of these chemicals can reduce the total volume of gases released by 30–40% and reduce the intensity of unpleasant u. Conclusions . The results obtained can find practical application in the development of formulations of biological products to reduce odour and improve the efficiency of rational disposal of animal by-products.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"98 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-201-209
V. S. Korneevets, L. V. Semenova, N. V. Yakovenko
Aim . To substantiate approaches to the modeling of the social responsibility of the hospitality industry as a factor of sustainable development of a travel destination. Material and Methods . System analysis theory, economic-statistical method, comparative-descriptive analysis and general scientific methods of empirical research were used to process the initial information and to write the paper. The empirical grounding of the proposed model was based on a survey of the population which had experienced accommodation facilities, on questions about social responsibility and on changes in consumer habits. Results . The authors have identified and characterised the main approaches to modeling social responsibility of the hospitality industry as a factor of sustainable development of a travel destination. A model of corporate social responsibility of a local hotel cluster, which focuses on improving the quality of the hospitality industry, the introduction of energy-efficient and convenient technologies, as well as the development of socio-cultural and tourist infrastructure which contribute to the growth of the social infrastructure of the business, is proposed. Conclusion . The universal nature of the structure of the proposed model, allows the extrapolation of the main results concerning the system of the hospitality industry not only in the Kaliningrad region, but also in other regions of the Russian Federation.
{"title":"Modeling the social responsibility of the hospitality industry as a factor of sustainable development of a travel destination of the Kaliningrad region, Russia","authors":"V. S. Korneevets, L. V. Semenova, N. V. Yakovenko","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-201-209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-201-209","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To substantiate approaches to the modeling of the social responsibility of the hospitality industry as a factor of sustainable development of a travel destination. Material and Methods . System analysis theory, economic-statistical method, comparative-descriptive analysis and general scientific methods of empirical research were used to process the initial information and to write the paper. The empirical grounding of the proposed model was based on a survey of the population which had experienced accommodation facilities, on questions about social responsibility and on changes in consumer habits. Results . The authors have identified and characterised the main approaches to modeling social responsibility of the hospitality industry as a factor of sustainable development of a travel destination. A model of corporate social responsibility of a local hotel cluster, which focuses on improving the quality of the hospitality industry, the introduction of energy-efficient and convenient technologies, as well as the development of socio-cultural and tourist infrastructure which contribute to the growth of the social infrastructure of the business, is proposed. Conclusion . The universal nature of the structure of the proposed model, allows the extrapolation of the main results concerning the system of the hospitality industry not only in the Kaliningrad region, but also in other regions of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-95-102
A. Yu. Filippova, M. S. Fedotova, Yu. V. Kononova, L. V. Shestopalova, M. A. Gulyaeva
Aim . To study and characterise the features of the course of coronavirus infection in a domestic cat model, as well as to assess the danger of SARSCoV-2 isolated in Russia for these animals based on the data obtained, with the possibility of extrapolating to wild felines. Material and Methods . For the study, model animals – Felis silvestris catus – were divided into 3 groups. The viral strain of SARS-Cov-2/human/RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020 was cultivated on Vero E6 cell culture and then administered intranasally in a volume of 200 μl, 105TCID50/ml, to animals from the first and second groups. Model animals from the first group were euthanized and lung fragments were taken on 6–day post infection (d.p.i.), animals from the second group – on 14 d.p.i. The third group – the control group, was injected with saline in an equivalent volume. Histological sections colored with hematoxylin and eosin were investigated for pathomorphological changes in lung tissue using light microscopy. Results . According to the obtained results the pathomorphological picture in the lungs of experimental animals indicates the course of interstitial pneumonia for both 6 and 14 d.p.i. In addition, it has been determined that by 14 d.p.i. the growth of fibrous tissue in the lungs begins to be visualised, indicating the beginning of light regenerative processes. Conclusion . The study showed that cats are susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and these model animals are characterized by the emergence of clinical manifestations and morphological patterns in the lungs, which correspond to interstitial pneumonia.
{"title":"The study of the course of the infectious process in lungs of cats during experimental infection with SARS-CoV-2","authors":"A. Yu. Filippova, M. S. Fedotova, Yu. V. Kononova, L. V. Shestopalova, M. A. Gulyaeva","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-95-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-95-102","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To study and characterise the features of the course of coronavirus infection in a domestic cat model, as well as to assess the danger of SARSCoV-2 isolated in Russia for these animals based on the data obtained, with the possibility of extrapolating to wild felines. Material and Methods . For the study, model animals – Felis silvestris catus – were divided into 3 groups. The viral strain of SARS-Cov-2/human/RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020 was cultivated on Vero E6 cell culture and then administered intranasally in a volume of 200 μl, 105TCID50/ml, to animals from the first and second groups. Model animals from the first group were euthanized and lung fragments were taken on 6–day post infection (d.p.i.), animals from the second group – on 14 d.p.i. The third group – the control group, was injected with saline in an equivalent volume. Histological sections colored with hematoxylin and eosin were investigated for pathomorphological changes in lung tissue using light microscopy. Results . According to the obtained results the pathomorphological picture in the lungs of experimental animals indicates the course of interstitial pneumonia for both 6 and 14 d.p.i. In addition, it has been determined that by 14 d.p.i. the growth of fibrous tissue in the lungs begins to be visualised, indicating the beginning of light regenerative processes. Conclusion . The study showed that cats are susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and these model animals are characterized by the emergence of clinical manifestations and morphological patterns in the lungs, which correspond to interstitial pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"4 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-179-189
S. N. Nekoval', O. A. Maskalenko
Aim . Assessment of the effect of biological products on soil suppression, biological efficacy, yield and biochemical parameters of potatoes in Krasnodar Territory. Material and Methods . The experiment was carried out on potatoes of the Colomba variety. The biological preparations against potato diseases have been studied. The research was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results . During the study period, representatives of the genera Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillium, Cladosporium, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus were identified in the complex of soil fungi. When using biological products, an increase in Trichoderma spp. and conditionally suppressive fungi Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. compared with the control and the chemical protection option, by 4.0 and 29.0 times, 1.7 and 1.8 times and 1.4 and 4.5 times, respectively, was observed. The efficacy of the biological products against Alternaria and Fusarium wilt was 73.4–77.7 % in the first year of the research, and 70.0–76.3 % in the second year, which was higher than chemical protection by 3.3–3.8 % and 0.8–2.7 %, respectively. The yield of potato tubers was higher than the control and the chemical protection option by 49.3–10.1 %. The highest content of vitamin C was noted in the biological protection system option. The content of nitrates in all variants of the experiment was within the normal range. The content of starch was higher than the control and the chemical protection option by 1.1–0.2%, respectively. Conclusions . The application of a biological protection system made it possible to reduce the development of Alternaria and Fusarium on potato plants, increase soil suppression, increase yield and improve biochemical indicators.
{"title":"Effect of the biological protection system on the composition of soil microbiota and quality of potatoes in the central agro‐climatic zone of Krasnodar Territory, Russia","authors":"S. N. Nekoval', O. A. Maskalenko","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-179-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-179-189","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . Assessment of the effect of biological products on soil suppression, biological efficacy, yield and biochemical parameters of potatoes in Krasnodar Territory. Material and Methods . The experiment was carried out on potatoes of the Colomba variety. The biological preparations against potato diseases have been studied. The research was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results . During the study period, representatives of the genera Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillium, Cladosporium, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus were identified in the complex of soil fungi. When using biological products, an increase in Trichoderma spp. and conditionally suppressive fungi Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. compared with the control and the chemical protection option, by 4.0 and 29.0 times, 1.7 and 1.8 times and 1.4 and 4.5 times, respectively, was observed. The efficacy of the biological products against Alternaria and Fusarium wilt was 73.4–77.7 % in the first year of the research, and 70.0–76.3 % in the second year, which was higher than chemical protection by 3.3–3.8 % and 0.8–2.7 %, respectively. The yield of potato tubers was higher than the control and the chemical protection option by 49.3–10.1 %. The highest content of vitamin C was noted in the biological protection system option. The content of nitrates in all variants of the experiment was within the normal range. The content of starch was higher than the control and the chemical protection option by 1.1–0.2%, respectively. Conclusions . The application of a biological protection system made it possible to reduce the development of Alternaria and Fusarium on potato plants, increase soil suppression, increase yield and improve biochemical indicators.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"4 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-161-169
G. I. Idziev, L. Sh. Akhmedova, P. A. Bekshokova, Z. V. Ataev
Aim . The need to accelerate the transition to "green" and digital technologies leads to a more active participation of the state in the economy, including through an active industrial policy. In this regard, the main attention should be paid to the development and use of modern methodological approaches to the formation of a new regional industrial policy, taking into account the environmental aspect. Discussion . One of the main sources of pollutant emissions is industrial production. The article analyses the level of emissions of pollutants from industrial enterprises into the atmosphere in Russia as a whole, as well as for the regions that are leading in the growth of emissions into the atmosphere of industrial enterprises and in the growth in the number of polluting enterprises. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that in many regions of Russia industrial policy is carried out inefficiently. The growth of industrial production occurs extensively by increasing the number of enterprises or industries without taking into account environmental consequences and without the use of modern technologies that reduce the negative impact on the environment. An analysis of methodological approaches to the definition of the "new" industrial policy has been carried out and its general principles have been identified. Conclusion . To date, there is no clear definition of the "new" industrial policy, however, in modern scientific literature there are various methodological approaches that differ from the "old" type of industrial policy. The approaches discussed above differ in the emphasis either on the choice of specialisation – what to produce – or on the process by which prioritization and implementation occurs – how to produce.
{"title":"New regional industrial policy and environmental problems","authors":"G. I. Idziev, L. Sh. Akhmedova, P. A. Bekshokova, Z. V. Ataev","doi":"10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-161-169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2023-3-161-169","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . The need to accelerate the transition to \"green\" and digital technologies leads to a more active participation of the state in the economy, including through an active industrial policy. In this regard, the main attention should be paid to the development and use of modern methodological approaches to the formation of a new regional industrial policy, taking into account the environmental aspect. Discussion . One of the main sources of pollutant emissions is industrial production. The article analyses the level of emissions of pollutants from industrial enterprises into the atmosphere in Russia as a whole, as well as for the regions that are leading in the growth of emissions into the atmosphere of industrial enterprises and in the growth in the number of polluting enterprises. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that in many regions of Russia industrial policy is carried out inefficiently. The growth of industrial production occurs extensively by increasing the number of enterprises or industries without taking into account environmental consequences and without the use of modern technologies that reduce the negative impact on the environment. An analysis of methodological approaches to the definition of the \"new\" industrial policy has been carried out and its general principles have been identified. Conclusion . To date, there is no clear definition of the \"new\" industrial policy, however, in modern scientific literature there are various methodological approaches that differ from the \"old\" type of industrial policy. The approaches discussed above differ in the emphasis either on the choice of specialisation – what to produce – or on the process by which prioritization and implementation occurs – how to produce.","PeriodicalId":41300,"journal":{"name":"South of Russia-Ecology Development","volume":"3 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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